Pub Date : 2008-04-23DOI: 10.1080/15377880801898709
Thitivara Sengloung, L. Kaveeta, J. Müssig
ABSTRACT Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) from a traditional Thai variety was used as a source of fiber in this research. The variety has been grown for a long time by the Hmong, a hill tribe, for the purpose of textiles. Hemp was grown in Chiang Mai, in the North of Thailand. Fiber fineness, fiber strength, fiber length, and lignin content of bast fibers from the top, middle, and bottom part of hemp stems aged 65 and 120 days were measured after chemical separation. The results showed that the finest fiber was from the top of the stem. The fiber fineness determined from the airflow method varied from 14.2 to 27.0 FBAI200, and according to the OFDA method it varied from 14.1 to 19.1 μm. The highest strength fiber was from the middle part of the stem; fiber strength (Stelometer – collective test) varied from 10.9 to 27.4 cN/tex. Fiber length varied from 22.0 to 28.4 mm. At the early stages of male pollination, male plants had a lower lignin content than female plants. The measurement method, age of plant, and part of stem analyzed affected fiber properties. This traditional Thai hemp showed fine fiber and can be improved to a commercial level for the textile industry.
{"title":"Physical Properties of Traditional Thai Hemp Fiber (Cannabis sativa L.)","authors":"Thitivara Sengloung, L. Kaveeta, J. Müssig","doi":"10.1080/15377880801898709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377880801898709","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) from a traditional Thai variety was used as a source of fiber in this research. The variety has been grown for a long time by the Hmong, a hill tribe, for the purpose of textiles. Hemp was grown in Chiang Mai, in the North of Thailand. Fiber fineness, fiber strength, fiber length, and lignin content of bast fibers from the top, middle, and bottom part of hemp stems aged 65 and 120 days were measured after chemical separation. The results showed that the finest fiber was from the top of the stem. The fiber fineness determined from the airflow method varied from 14.2 to 27.0 FBAI200, and according to the OFDA method it varied from 14.1 to 19.1 μm. The highest strength fiber was from the middle part of the stem; fiber strength (Stelometer – collective test) varied from 10.9 to 27.4 cN/tex. Fiber length varied from 22.0 to 28.4 mm. At the early stages of male pollination, male plants had a lower lignin content than female plants. The measurement method, age of plant, and part of stem analyzed affected fiber properties. This traditional Thai hemp showed fine fiber and can be improved to a commercial level for the textile industry.","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132853453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-23DOI: 10.1080/15377880801898782
R. Clarke
{"title":"In Memoriam: Michael John Sutherland","authors":"R. Clarke","doi":"10.1080/15377880801898782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377880801898782","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121675783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-23DOI: 10.1080/15377880801898683
R. Clarke, D. Watson, H. V. D. van der Werf
{"title":"Welcome to the Journal of Industrial Hemp","authors":"R. Clarke, D. Watson, H. V. D. van der Werf","doi":"10.1080/15377880801898683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377880801898683","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126708921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-23DOI: 10.1080/15377880801898741
Kenyon Gibson
ABSTRACT The proliferation of plastic bags is being noticed by the general public, and major supermarkets are turning back to using natural fabric bags. In some areas, plastic bags are even being made illegal. The turn to natural fiber bags, however, often means an increase in the use of cotton, which is a very environmentally unfriendly crop. Its cultivation means the depletion of the waterways in many areas, and also the use of pesticides. A number of parties in the UK developed a very basic, undyed hemp bag, which bore the slogan “Real Eco Bags are made from Hemp.” This bag was then worn in London and New York, and picked up on by the Ecologist and Positive News.
{"title":"The Bag Idea","authors":"Kenyon Gibson","doi":"10.1080/15377880801898741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377880801898741","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The proliferation of plastic bags is being noticed by the general public, and major supermarkets are turning back to using natural fabric bags. In some areas, plastic bags are even being made illegal. The turn to natural fiber bags, however, often means an increase in the use of cotton, which is a very environmentally unfriendly crop. Its cultivation means the depletion of the waterways in many areas, and also the use of pesticides. A number of parties in the UK developed a very basic, undyed hemp bag, which bore the slogan “Real Eco Bags are made from Hemp.” This bag was then worn in London and New York, and picked up on by the Ecologist and Positive News.","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122703811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-23DOI: 10.1080/15377880801898725
A. Hanks
ABSTRACT This article gives an update of hemp production in Canada. It discusses recent upswings and plunges of production areas, and goes into seed prices and cultivars grown. Hemp food production in Canada is examined in detail; numerous references to websites on this topic are given. Hemp legislation is discussed; the potential for fiber production is detailed, listing major websites for the subject. The author concludes on an “Optimistic Five Year Look Forward.”
{"title":"Canadian Hemp Update 2007","authors":"A. Hanks","doi":"10.1080/15377880801898725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377880801898725","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article gives an update of hemp production in Canada. It discusses recent upswings and plunges of production areas, and goes into seed prices and cultivars grown. Hemp food production in Canada is examined in detail; numerous references to websites on this topic are given. Hemp legislation is discussed; the potential for fiber production is detailed, listing major websites for the subject. The author concludes on an “Optimistic Five Year Look Forward.”","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122907912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-23DOI: 10.1080/15377880801898774
D. Pate
ABSTRACT Linoleic and linolenic acids are essential human nutrients. Hempseed oil contains an optimized 3-to-1 ratio of these two compounds, respectively. However, the additional consumption of flaxseed oil insures that any excess linoleic acid in the diet is offset with extra linolenic acid. An enjoyable way to obtain these supplements is through a daily breakfast smoothie, a recipe for which is provided.
{"title":"Hemp and Flax: The Smoothie","authors":"D. Pate","doi":"10.1080/15377880801898774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377880801898774","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Linoleic and linolenic acids are essential human nutrients. Hempseed oil contains an optimized 3-to-1 ratio of these two compounds, respectively. However, the additional consumption of flaxseed oil insures that any excess linoleic acid in the diet is offset with extra linolenic acid. An enjoyable way to obtain these supplements is through a daily breakfast smoothie, a recipe for which is provided.","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130052479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-23DOI: 10.1080/15377880801898691
S. Amaducci, M. Colauzzi, A. Zatta, G. Venturi
ABSTRACT Flowering is a crucial phase in hemp cultivation. It influences both stem and seed yield. A uniform and short flowering duration in hemp is desirable, because it favors uniform crop development. Moreover, flowering is often taken as a reference point for harvesting, and very long durations of flowering might mislead the operator in judging the proper time for mowing. In this article, a large dataset of flowering time and duration for different monoecious and dioecious varieties was studied and the effect of sowing time and genotype on flowering duration is discussed. Minimal flowering duration was observed when the time from emergence to flowering was short. This, was related however, to low yields. Dynamics of flowering was accurately described by a bi-logistic curve that indicates the presence of two underlying logistic processes.
{"title":"Flowering Dynamics in Monoecious and Dioecious Hemp Genotypes","authors":"S. Amaducci, M. Colauzzi, A. Zatta, G. Venturi","doi":"10.1080/15377880801898691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377880801898691","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Flowering is a crucial phase in hemp cultivation. It influences both stem and seed yield. A uniform and short flowering duration in hemp is desirable, because it favors uniform crop development. Moreover, flowering is often taken as a reference point for harvesting, and very long durations of flowering might mislead the operator in judging the proper time for mowing. In this article, a large dataset of flowering time and duration for different monoecious and dioecious varieties was studied and the effect of sowing time and genotype on flowering duration is discussed. Minimal flowering duration was observed when the time from emergence to flowering was short. This, was related however, to low yields. Dynamics of flowering was accurately described by a bi-logistic curve that indicates the presence of two underlying logistic processes.","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128098203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-04-23DOI: 10.1080/15377880801898733
R. Clarke
ABSTRACT The Yunnan Highlands of southwestern China is home to a wide variety of ethnic groups with enduring traditions of making and using Cannabis hemp textiles. At least four generations of Sani women have made satchels of varying styles that echo many of the changes affecting the textile products of traditional cultures worldwide. The satchels illustrated and described here were collected by the author during the 1990s and represent high levels of crafts including spinning, weaving, macramé, appliqué, and embroidery.
{"title":"Four Generations of Sani Hemp Satchels","authors":"R. Clarke","doi":"10.1080/15377880801898733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377880801898733","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Yunnan Highlands of southwestern China is home to a wide variety of ethnic groups with enduring traditions of making and using Cannabis hemp textiles. At least four generations of Sani women have made satchels of varying styles that echo many of the changes affecting the textile products of traditional cultures worldwide. The satchels illustrated and described here were collected by the author during the 1990s and represent high levels of crafts including spinning, weaving, macramé, appliqué, and embroidery.","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129079988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This issue starts with a paper by Karin Magnusson and Bengt Svennerstedt on the influence of temperature on water retting of Swedish-grown hemp. The next paper by Robert Clarke presents a detailed description as well as beautiful pictures of traditional Cannabis cultivation in the Darchula region of Nepal. This agricultural system provides a rare example where all three major products–seeds and resin from the female flowers as well as fibre from the stems–are extracted from the same crop. The article by Lea Turunen and Hayo van der Werf presents the production chain of hemp and flax textile yarn in Europe from crop production up to the spinning of yarn. It aims to quantify major environmental impacts associated with the production of hemp yarn using Life Cycle Analysis. In the next paper Estelle Garnier et al. describe the dynamics of the French hemp system and its stakeholders. They investigate the role of organisations, crop production, primary transformation and both public and private research. We learn that the number of hemp-related patents is on the increase in France.
这个问题始于Karin Magnusson和Bengt Svennerstedt的一篇关于温度对瑞典种植的大麻水分蒸发的影响的论文。罗伯特·克拉克的下一篇论文详细描述了尼泊尔达丘拉地区传统大麻种植的美丽图片。这种农业系统提供了一个罕见的例子，所有三种主要产品——从雌花中提取的种子和树脂以及从茎中提取的纤维——都是从同一种作物中提取的。Lea Turunen和Hayo van der Werf的文章介绍了欧洲大麻和亚麻纺织纱线的生产链，从作物生产到纱线纺纱。它的目的是量化主要的环境影响与生产大麻纱线使用生命周期分析。在下一篇论文中，Estelle Garnier等人描述了法国大麻系统及其利益相关者的动态。他们调查了组织、作物生产、初级转化以及公共和私人研究的作用。我们了解到，在法国，与大麻有关的专利数量正在增加。
{"title":"Welcome to the Journal of Industrial Hemp","authors":"R. Clarke, D. Watson, H. V. D. van der Werf","doi":"10.1300/J237v12n02_01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J237v12n02_01","url":null,"abstract":"This issue starts with a paper by Karin Magnusson and Bengt Svennerstedt on the influence of temperature on water retting of Swedish-grown hemp. The next paper by Robert Clarke presents a detailed description as well as beautiful pictures of traditional Cannabis cultivation in the Darchula region of Nepal. This agricultural system provides a rare example where all three major products–seeds and resin from the female flowers as well as fibre from the stems–are extracted from the same crop. The article by Lea Turunen and Hayo van der Werf presents the production chain of hemp and flax textile yarn in Europe from crop production up to the spinning of yarn. It aims to quantify major environmental impacts associated with the production of hemp yarn using Life Cycle Analysis. In the next paper Estelle Garnier et al. describe the dynamics of the French hemp system and its stakeholders. They investigate the role of organisations, crop production, primary transformation and both public and private research. We learn that the number of hemp-related patents is on the increase in France.","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131512367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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