Abstract Much of the hemp plant is acarbohydrate known as cellulose, found mostly in the outer bark of the stem, which is about 75% cellulose, while the core is about half that or more. This is in fact typical of plants, making cellulose the most common compound in the vegetable kingdom. It is a simple compound, utilising the three common elements of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and is a structure of many glucose molecules compounded together. There are slight differences in the arrangement of the glucose from plant to plant, making for different qualities in the cellulose yielded. Hemp is one of the best plants for cellulose production for the reasons that the cellulose it produces is well suited for paper manufacture and textiles, and further, it grows quickly without any great need of pesticides. Hemp use has been suppressed in recent times, but due to its usefulness and the ecological advantages in harvesting hemp over cotton and trees, there has been a call for hemp use which is growing worldwide. Businesses such as Minawear in California and Ecofibres in Australia have been working for the last several years with hemp and both have seen an increase in demand. At present most hemp is grown in China, Canada and Eastern Europe, but it has in history been grown in almost every country of the world, due to the ease with which it is cultivated and the need for the cellulose fibres that it yields.
{"title":"Hemp: A Substance of Hope","authors":"Kenyon Gibson","doi":"10.1300/J237v10n02_07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J237v10n02_07","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Much of the hemp plant is acarbohydrate known as cellulose, found mostly in the outer bark of the stem, which is about 75% cellulose, while the core is about half that or more. This is in fact typical of plants, making cellulose the most common compound in the vegetable kingdom. It is a simple compound, utilising the three common elements of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, and is a structure of many glucose molecules compounded together. There are slight differences in the arrangement of the glucose from plant to plant, making for different qualities in the cellulose yielded. Hemp is one of the best plants for cellulose production for the reasons that the cellulose it produces is well suited for paper manufacture and textiles, and further, it grows quickly without any great need of pesticides. Hemp use has been suppressed in recent times, but due to its usefulness and the ecological advantages in harvesting hemp over cotton and trees, there has been a call for hemp use which is growing worldwide. Businesses such as Minawear in California and Ecofibres in Australia have been working for the last several years with hemp and both have seen an increase in demand. At present most hemp is grown in China, Canada and Eastern Europe, but it has in history been grown in almost every country of the world, due to the ease with which it is cultivated and the need for the cellulose fibres that it yields.","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"466 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124371213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Seeds of 51 different hemp genotypes, 25 hemp varieties, 19 hemp accessions as well as 7 hemp samples from a cross-breeding program of a Hungarian Institute (GATE), grown in 2000 and 2001 were investigated regarding the oil content as well as fatty acid and tocopherol composition. The oil content ranged between 26.3 in 2001 and 37.5 g/ 100 g in 2000 with 33.2 g/100 g as mean amount in 2000 and 31.2 g/100 g in 2001. The oil contained high amounts of unsaturated fatty acids like linoleic and α-linolenic acid, which comprised about 80% of the total fatty acids. Hemp seed oil also consisted of remarkable amounts of γ-linolenic and stearidonic acid. The concentrations varied from 0.67 to 4.08 g/100 g and 0.39 to 1.60 g/100 g, respectively, in dependence of the genotype. The content of γ-linolenic and stearidonic acid were both highly correlated (r = 0.87), while γ-tocopherol was not correlated to the total sum of polyunsaturated fatty acid. Tocopherols mainly consisted of γ-tocopherol (36 to 97 mg/100 g). This made up to about 85% of the total tocopherols. In the oil also small amounts of α-tocopherol were found (2 to 10 mg/100 g). The effect of the year of cultivation on the composition of the oil was less pronounced than the influence of the genotype. Therefore the seed material, presented in this paper shows interesting possibilities to improve the composition of hemp seed oil.
{"title":"Hempseed Oil—Influence of the Genotype on the Composition in a Two-Year Study","authors":"B. Matthäus, E. Schumann, L. Brühl, U. Kriese","doi":"10.1300/J237v10n02_05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J237v10n02_05","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Seeds of 51 different hemp genotypes, 25 hemp varieties, 19 hemp accessions as well as 7 hemp samples from a cross-breeding program of a Hungarian Institute (GATE), grown in 2000 and 2001 were investigated regarding the oil content as well as fatty acid and tocopherol composition. The oil content ranged between 26.3 in 2001 and 37.5 g/ 100 g in 2000 with 33.2 g/100 g as mean amount in 2000 and 31.2 g/100 g in 2001. The oil contained high amounts of unsaturated fatty acids like linoleic and α-linolenic acid, which comprised about 80% of the total fatty acids. Hemp seed oil also consisted of remarkable amounts of γ-linolenic and stearidonic acid. The concentrations varied from 0.67 to 4.08 g/100 g and 0.39 to 1.60 g/100 g, respectively, in dependence of the genotype. The content of γ-linolenic and stearidonic acid were both highly correlated (r = 0.87), while γ-tocopherol was not correlated to the total sum of polyunsaturated fatty acid. Tocopherols mainly consisted of γ-tocopherol (36 to 97 mg/100 g). This made up to about 85% of the total tocopherols. In the oil also small amounts of α-tocopherol were found (2 to 10 mg/100 g). The effect of the year of cultivation on the composition of the oil was less pronounced than the influence of the genotype. Therefore the seed material, presented in this paper shows interesting possibilities to improve the composition of hemp seed oil.","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124318205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In order to determine the yield potential of fibre hemp in Denmark, defined as seed yield, biomass, stem and fibre production, five cultivars were evaluated in field trials at two sites during 1998-2000. The total dry matter yield, stem yield, fibre yield, fibre percent, plant height, and seed yield were recorded at four seed rates: 8,16,32, and 64 kg ha-1 at the Flakkebjerg site. At the Ronhave site, four cultivars were examined at two row distances: 24 and 48 cm, and one cultivar (Futura) was examined at four seed rates (as above) in combination with 2 row distances: 24 and 48 cm. At Flakkebjerg, the total average dry matter yield of the cultivars Fedora, Fedrina, Felina, and Futura was approximately 13 tha-1 andforFasamo approximately 9 tha-1. The average fibre yields were 2.9 and 1.7 t ha-1, respectively. At Flakkebjerg, the average seed yield over a period of 3 years was approximately 500 kg ha-1. In general, fibre yields increased when seed rates of 16 kg ha-1 or more were used. At 32 kg seed ha-1 Futura gave higher fibre yields than at all other seed rates, and higher yields at 24 cm row distance than at 48 cm. Fasamo differed from the other cultivars by having a lower dry matter yield and a lower percentage of fibre but a higher seed yield.
摘要为了确定纤维的产量潜力麻在丹麦,定义为种子产量、生物量、茎和纤维生产,5个品种在田间试验评估两个站点1998 - 2000年期间。在8、16、32和64 kg hm -1种种子率下，测定了Flakkebjerg基地的总干物质产量、茎产量、纤维产量、纤维率、株高和种子产量。在Ronhave场地，4个品种在24和48 cm两行距下进行了检测，1个品种(Futura)在24和48 cm两行距下以4种种子率(如上所述)进行了检测。在Flakkebjerg，栽培品种Fedora、Fedrina、Felina和Futura的总平均干物质产量约为13 / 1,fasamo约为9 / 1。平均纤维产量分别为2.9吨/公顷和1.7吨/公顷。在Flakkebjerg, 3年的平均种子产量约为500公斤每公顷。一般来说，当种子率为16 kg hm -1或更高时，纤维产量增加。在每粒32公斤时，Futura的纤维产量高于所有其他种子产量，并且在24厘米行距处的产量高于48厘米。Fasamo不同于其他品种通过低干物质产量和低比例的纤维,但更高的种子产量。
{"title":"Yield Potential of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Cultivars in Denmark","authors":"L. Deleuran, P. Flengmark","doi":"10.1300/J237v10n02_03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J237v10n02_03","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In order to determine the yield potential of fibre hemp in Denmark, defined as seed yield, biomass, stem and fibre production, five cultivars were evaluated in field trials at two sites during 1998-2000. The total dry matter yield, stem yield, fibre yield, fibre percent, plant height, and seed yield were recorded at four seed rates: 8,16,32, and 64 kg ha-1 at the Flakkebjerg site. At the Ronhave site, four cultivars were examined at two row distances: 24 and 48 cm, and one cultivar (Futura) was examined at four seed rates (as above) in combination with 2 row distances: 24 and 48 cm. At Flakkebjerg, the total average dry matter yield of the cultivars Fedora, Fedrina, Felina, and Futura was approximately 13 tha-1 andforFasamo approximately 9 tha-1. The average fibre yields were 2.9 and 1.7 t ha-1, respectively. At Flakkebjerg, the average seed yield over a period of 3 years was approximately 500 kg ha-1. In general, fibre yields increased when seed rates of 16 kg ha-1 or more were used. At 32 kg seed ha-1 Futura gave higher fibre yields than at all other seed rates, and higher yields at 24 cm row distance than at 48 cm. Fasamo differed from the other cultivars by having a lower dry matter yield and a lower percentage of fibre but a higher seed yield.","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"182 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116419005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-04DOI: 10.1080/15377880802390730
H. V. D. van der Werf, R. Clarke, D. Watson
{"title":"Welcome to the Journal of Industrial Hemp","authors":"H. V. D. van der Werf, R. Clarke, D. Watson","doi":"10.1080/15377880802390730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15377880802390730","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132707070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The present paper deals with several aspects of hemp studies, for instance, earliness as a factor for increasing hemp yield potential and extending the crop northwards. Another aspect of interest-the possibility of hemp fiber cottonizationwill permit producing mixed hemp-cotton yarns which are in demand with the Russian textile industry. The latter may be the key precondition for expanding areas under hemp in appropriate regions of Russia, including its northern agricultural regions. Consequently, there is a n eed for genetic material with the desired characteristics for breeding cultivars that would meet demands of the textile industry.
{"title":"Hemp of Russian Northern Regions as a Source of Spinning Fibers","authors":"S. Grigoryev","doi":"10.1300/J237v10n02_09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J237v10n02_09","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present paper deals with several aspects of hemp studies, for instance, earliness as a factor for increasing hemp yield potential and extending the crop northwards. Another aspect of interest-the possibility of hemp fiber cottonizationwill permit producing mixed hemp-cotton yarns which are in demand with the Russian textile industry. The latter may be the key precondition for expanding areas under hemp in appropriate regions of Russia, including its northern agricultural regions. Consequently, there is a n eed for genetic material with the desired characteristics for breeding cultivars that would meet demands of the textile industry.","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131708016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Clarke, J. Erisman, D. Pate, D. Watson, H. V. D. van der Werf
{"title":"Welcome to the Journal of Industrial Hemp","authors":"R. Clarke, J. Erisman, D. Pate, D. Watson, H. V. D. van der Werf","doi":"10.1300/j237v10n02_01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/j237v10n02_01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128977919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In 1996, the prohibition of the cultivation of non-drug Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) with minor content of the psychoactive Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) was lifted in Germany. Nowadays, a wide variety of hemp food products is offered on the market. As help for evaluation of such products, this article provides information on all aspects of hemp as foodstuff. An introduction to the current law situation in Germany and the European Union (EU) is presented. In particular, suggestions for the food regulatory and food chemical evaluation of hemp food products are made. Between 1998 and 2003, a significant linear decrease in the THC concentrations for the product groups hemp tea (N = 19, R = −0.73, p < 0.0001) and hemp oil (N = 60, R = −0.23, p = 0.05) was observed. The prescribed use of certified hemp seed by the EU and the increase of controls on manufacturers have obviously led to a significant decline of THC concentrations in hemp food products. The maximum THC content in current purchasable hemp food products is ten to a hundred-fold lower than those found in the studies of the 1990s. These levels of THC in hemp food do not cause regulatory or health concern anymore. However, ongoing quality control is needed to maintain low THC levels. This includes both the use of low THC varieties and proper seed cleaning.
1996年，德国解除了对含有少量精神活性物质Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)的非药物大麻(Cannabis sativa L.)种植的禁令。如今，市场上提供了各种各样的大麻食品。为了帮助评价这类产品，本文提供了大麻作为食品的各个方面的信息。介绍了德国和欧盟(EU)的现行法律状况。特别对大麻食品的食品监管和食品化学评价提出了建议。从1998年到2003年，大麻茶(N = 19, R = - 0.73, p < 0.0001)和大麻油(N = 60, R = - 0.23, p = 0.05)的四氢大麻酚浓度呈显著的线性下降。欧盟认证大麻种子的规定使用和对制造商的控制的增加明显导致大麻食品中四氢大麻酚浓度的显著下降。目前可购买的大麻食品中四氢大麻酚的最高含量比20世纪90年代的研究中发现的含量低10到100倍。大麻食品中的四氢大麻酚水平不再引起监管或健康问题。然而，需要持续的质量控制来维持较低的四氢大麻酚水平。这包括使用低THC品种和适当的种子清洗。
{"title":"Current Status of THC in German Hemp Food Products","authors":"D. Lachenmeier, S. Walch","doi":"10.1300/J237v10n02_02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J237v10n02_02","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In 1996, the prohibition of the cultivation of non-drug Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) with minor content of the psychoactive Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) was lifted in Germany. Nowadays, a wide variety of hemp food products is offered on the market. As help for evaluation of such products, this article provides information on all aspects of hemp as foodstuff. An introduction to the current law situation in Germany and the European Union (EU) is presented. In particular, suggestions for the food regulatory and food chemical evaluation of hemp food products are made. Between 1998 and 2003, a significant linear decrease in the THC concentrations for the product groups hemp tea (N = 19, R = −0.73, p < 0.0001) and hemp oil (N = 60, R = −0.23, p = 0.05) was observed. The prescribed use of certified hemp seed by the EU and the increase of controls on manufacturers have obviously led to a significant decline of THC concentrations in hemp food products. The maximum THC content in current purchasable hemp food products is ten to a hundred-fold lower than those found in the studies of the 1990s. These levels of THC in hemp food do not cause regulatory or health concern anymore. However, ongoing quality control is needed to maintain low THC levels. This includes both the use of low THC varieties and proper seed cleaning.","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125294331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This article continues the “Cannabis clinic” series, presenting diseases and pests of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), featuring color illustrations of signs and symptoms. Hemp cultivation is new to New Zealand (NZ). Field trials began in 2001, evaluating cultivars from Europe or North America. Novel crop plants imported into new geographical areas are exposed to new diseases and pests. The imported plants often present less resistance to local problems than do indigenous plants. Many ‘local’ problems in NZ, however, are introduced organisms. Non-native birds cause the greatest crop damage. Rabbits, famous aliens in NZ, also cause problems. Invertebrate pests include the brown garden snail (Helix aspersa), brown field slug (Deroceras panormitanum), orange-soled slug (Arion distinctus), budworm (Helicoverpa armigera), passion vine leaf hopper (Scolypopa australis), caterpillars (Epiphyas postvittana), and melon aphid (Aphis gossypii). The latter species may be the vector of an unidentified virus that infests hemp. In humid regions and wet conditions, the fungi Botrytis cinerea, Trichothecium roseum, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum rot flowering tops and stalks. For this article, image capture of invertebrate pests and fungi utilized Auto Montage software, to improve the depth of field and produce perfectly focused images.
{"title":"New Hemp Diseases and Pests in New Zealand","authors":"J. McPartland, B. Rhode","doi":"10.1300/J237v10n01_08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J237v10n01_08","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article continues the “Cannabis clinic” series, presenting diseases and pests of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), featuring color illustrations of signs and symptoms. Hemp cultivation is new to New Zealand (NZ). Field trials began in 2001, evaluating cultivars from Europe or North America. Novel crop plants imported into new geographical areas are exposed to new diseases and pests. The imported plants often present less resistance to local problems than do indigenous plants. Many ‘local’ problems in NZ, however, are introduced organisms. Non-native birds cause the greatest crop damage. Rabbits, famous aliens in NZ, also cause problems. Invertebrate pests include the brown garden snail (Helix aspersa), brown field slug (Deroceras panormitanum), orange-soled slug (Arion distinctus), budworm (Helicoverpa armigera), passion vine leaf hopper (Scolypopa australis), caterpillars (Epiphyas postvittana), and melon aphid (Aphis gossypii). The latter species may be the vector of an unidentified virus that infests hemp. In humid regions and wet conditions, the fungi Botrytis cinerea, Trichothecium roseum, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum rot flowering tops and stalks. For this article, image capture of invertebrate pests and fungi utilized Auto Montage software, to improve the depth of field and produce perfectly focused images.","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132222651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Although Austria's history of industrial hemp is very similar to that of other countries, there are some peculiarities, like the huge number of place-names called after the plant or the fact that its cultivation has never been prohibited. Austrian hemp products include isolation pads, food, cosmetics, and beer. A remarkable invention is the so called Hempstone, a material solely consisting of hemp and water, serving as raw material for a wide range of products like furniture, music instruments or jewellery. Furthermore, Austria is the first European country to produce hemp milk out of hemp seed. Nevertheless commercialisation and access to the products should be improved, as Austria is the only German speaking nation without its own hemp fair.
{"title":"Industrial Hemp in Austria","authors":"Claudia Anna Emma Greslehner","doi":"10.1300/J237V10N01_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J237V10N01_10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although Austria's history of industrial hemp is very similar to that of other countries, there are some peculiarities, like the huge number of place-names called after the plant or the fact that its cultivation has never been prohibited. Austrian hemp products include isolation pads, food, cosmetics, and beer. A remarkable invention is the so called Hempstone, a material solely consisting of hemp and water, serving as raw material for a wide range of products like furniture, music instruments or jewellery. Furthermore, Austria is the first European country to produce hemp milk out of hemp seed. Nevertheless commercialisation and access to the products should be improved, as Austria is the only German speaking nation without its own hemp fair.","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"15 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127651883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The expected growth of hemp cultivation world wide for industrial purposes will clearly cause a growing demand for sowing material. Hence, there is a need for the development of a new, more efficient method for harvesting hemp seed. The technology described in this paper, elaborated at the Institute of Natural Fibres (INF), presents the new concept of a panicle cutting device that involves mowing and cutting stems into smaller sections. The cut-off panicles are collected on a trailer hooked behind the mower. The panicles harvested during the flowering phase are used for the production of essential oils, while those harvested in full maturity are the source for sowing seed. In the latter case, the paniclesbefore ginningmust be initially dried in conditions allowing for preservation of good germination capacity. The seed must be cleaned immediately and dried further to 12% moisture content and protected with fungicidal treatments. After mowing and cutting stems are swathed in the field and left for retting or collected-after dryingusing agricultural presses and then decorticated.
世界范围内工业用途大麻种植的预期增长将明显导致对播种材料的需求不断增长。因此，有必要开发一种新的，更有效的方法来收获大麻种子。天然纤维研究所(Institute of Natural Fibres, INF)详细阐述了论文中描述的技术，提出了一种新的圆锥花序切割装置的概念，该装置涉及将茎割成更小的部分。剪掉的穗被挂在割草机后面的拖车上收集。在开花阶段收获的穗用于生产精油，而在完全成熟时收获的穗是播种种子的来源。在后一种情况下，穗在抽穗前必须在允许保持良好萌发能力的条件下进行初步干燥。种子必须立即清洗，并进一步干燥至12%的水分含量，并用杀菌剂进行保护。在割草和切割后，茎被包裹在田野里，留在那里休息或收集-在用农业压榨机干燥后，然后去皮。
{"title":"New Technology of Harvesting Hemp Grown for Seed","authors":"Henryk Burczyk, R. Kaniewski","doi":"10.1300/J237v10n01_05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J237v10n01_05","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The expected growth of hemp cultivation world wide for industrial purposes will clearly cause a growing demand for sowing material. Hence, there is a need for the development of a new, more efficient method for harvesting hemp seed. The technology described in this paper, elaborated at the Institute of Natural Fibres (INF), presents the new concept of a panicle cutting device that involves mowing and cutting stems into smaller sections. The cut-off panicles are collected on a trailer hooked behind the mower. The panicles harvested during the flowering phase are used for the production of essential oils, while those harvested in full maturity are the source for sowing seed. In the latter case, the paniclesbefore ginningmust be initially dried in conditions allowing for preservation of good germination capacity. The seed must be cleaned immediately and dried further to 12% moisture content and protected with fungicidal treatments. After mowing and cutting stems are swathed in the field and left for retting or collected-after dryingusing agricultural presses and then decorticated.","PeriodicalId":319023,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Industrial Hemp","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126731573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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