İsmail Güleç ve Engin Ömeroğlu'nun kaleme aldıkları eserde, 8 ana bölüm bulunmaktadır. İlk dört bölümde Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde kültürel etkileşim açısından temel olarak bilinmesi gereken kavramlar ve terimler açıklanmıştır. Bu bilgiler ışığında, ilerleyen bölümlerde yer alan ders kitap içeriklerinin kültürel etkileşim bağlamında incelenmesi ve derslerde kullanılabilecek örnek uygulamaların sunulması daha doğru bir temele oturmaktadır. Yazarın dördüncü bölümde ele aldığı Kasıtsız Hakaret terimi, Güleç ve Özden'in çalışmalarından derlenerek açıklanmıştır ve belki de eserin en özgün ve değerli bölümüdür. Yabancılara Türkçe Öğretiminde Kültür Etkileşimi adlı eser alandaki tüm öğretmen ve öğretmen adayları için bir rehber niteliğindedir. Bu alanda kültür etkileşimi konusunda araştırma yapacak okuyuculara bilgi vermenin yanı sıra okurların farkındalık seviyelerini yükseltecek, uygulama örnekleriyle ise okurların çeşitli etkinliklere ulaşmasını sağlayacaktır.
{"title":"İsmail Güleç - Engin Ömeroğlu, Yabancılara Türkçe Öğretiminde Kültür Etkileşimi, Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Ankara 2020, 166 s. (ISBN: 978-625-402-036-0).","authors":"Sevda GÖNCÜ ERGÜN","doi":"10.16985/mtad.1035657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16985/mtad.1035657","url":null,"abstract":"İsmail Güleç ve Engin Ömeroğlu'nun kaleme aldıkları eserde, 8 ana bölüm bulunmaktadır. İlk dört bölümde Türkçenin yabancı dil olarak öğretiminde kültürel etkileşim açısından temel olarak bilinmesi gereken kavramlar ve terimler açıklanmıştır. Bu bilgiler ışığında, ilerleyen bölümlerde yer alan ders kitap içeriklerinin kültürel etkileşim bağlamında incelenmesi ve derslerde kullanılabilecek örnek uygulamaların sunulması daha doğru bir temele oturmaktadır. Yazarın dördüncü bölümde ele aldığı Kasıtsız Hakaret terimi, Güleç ve Özden'in çalışmalarından derlenerek açıklanmıştır ve belki de eserin en özgün ve değerli bölümüdür. Yabancılara Türkçe Öğretiminde Kültür Etkileşimi adlı eser alandaki tüm öğretmen ve öğretmen adayları için bir rehber niteliğindedir. Bu alanda kültür etkileşimi konusunda araştırma yapacak okuyuculara bilgi vermenin yanı sıra okurların farkındalık seviyelerini yükseltecek, uygulama örnekleriyle ise okurların çeşitli etkinliklere ulaşmasını sağlayacaktır.","PeriodicalId":320054,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116159971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Radical changes and transformation of wars had been recently witnessed in the field of security and technology in our world. Economic difficulties faced by the countries, dwindling of defense budgets, the need to use resources more efficiently, struggles with uncertainty in the context of national security and the need for interoperability compelled these countries to transform. The ever-changing environmental conditions and the diversity of complex factors require an analytical preparation process, effective use of intelligence, rapid adaptation to the situation, scientific decision-making methods, knowledge management, leadership, and strategic communication. It is important to be a learning organization, to adopt transformational thinking in following changes, to take measures in line with national interests in security, peace, stability, and prosperity, and to keep national power strong by taking the butterfly effect into account within this period. This article deals with the future analysis of NATO, which is the strongest regional defense alliance, with the transformation of security in the twenty first century, emerging new wars, and the hybrid warfare realized by the execution of new technology and communication methods in this context, the cyber and information wars that stand out in this war.
{"title":"CHANGING SECURITY ENVIRONMENT IN TODAY’S WORLD AND THE BUTTERFLY EFFECT","authors":"Uğur Tarcin","doi":"10.16985/mtad.970779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16985/mtad.970779","url":null,"abstract":"Radical changes and transformation of wars had been recently witnessed in the field of security and technology in our world. Economic difficulties faced by the countries, dwindling of defense budgets, the need to use resources more efficiently, struggles with uncertainty in the context of national security and the need for interoperability compelled these countries to transform. The ever-changing environmental conditions and the diversity of complex factors require an analytical preparation process, effective use of intelligence, rapid adaptation to the situation, scientific decision-making methods, knowledge management, leadership, and strategic communication. It is important to be a learning organization, to adopt transformational thinking in following changes, to take measures in line with national interests in security, peace, stability, and prosperity, and to keep national power strong by taking the butterfly effect into account within this period. This article deals with the future analysis of NATO, which is the strongest regional defense alliance, with the transformation of security in the twenty first century, emerging new wars, and the hybrid warfare realized by the execution of new technology and communication methods in this context, the cyber and information wars that stand out in this war.","PeriodicalId":320054,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi","volume":"12 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113934417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A critical approach on myth starts by refusing the seductions of romanticism, emphasizing on the particularities of each variant, aiming to identify as best as possible the unnamed narrators, and endeavouring to comprehend the way of the details of a given variant not only correlate with, but actively move forward the interests of the narrator and that fraction of society s/he stands for. From his own statements we learn that Herodotus had traveled through some countries including Scythia. It should be more taken into account that he undertook these journeys simply as a means of collecting evidence for the culture and history of foreign countries and then of using them for writing the History. This is because Herodotus himself points out that his History was also written that the great and wondrous works of non-Greeks may not lose their name. Despite he lived at a period when the Greek-Barbarian antithesis crystallized, he respected and took an interest in the intrinsic values of non-Greeks and was ready to accept foreign cultures on their own terms. Herodotus, especially in his fourth book about the Scythian origins, geography, etnography, culture and history, had held the opportunity to use his own observations and the Greek informants like Aristeas, living in this country, and compared them with the works of early Greek poets and logographers which he did not take for granted. This enabled him to present more credulous, impartial, critical views and informations at times about the origins of Scythians, which seems to have balanced the errors and deficiencies of his race and time. Herodotus cites two myths about the founding of the Scythian dynasty. Targitaeus, transmitted by the Scythians themselves, and the myth of Heracles and the Serpent-Woman brought forward by the Hellenic colonists in the region. He does not comment on the veracity of both myths, preferring to remain neutral, leaving it to the reader. In this article, we will try to reinterpret the Targitaeus myth from a historical point of view, especially in the context of royal symbols representing the establishment of the khanate, by giving examples from the Shahnameh, one of the masterpieces of Iranian-Sassanid literature.
{"title":"RECONSIDERATIONS ON THE ACCOUNT OF THE SCYTHIAN FOUNDATION MYTH OF TARGITAEUS IN HERODOTUS","authors":"M. Demi̇r","doi":"10.16985/mtad.1063892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16985/mtad.1063892","url":null,"abstract":"A critical approach on myth starts by refusing the seductions of romanticism, emphasizing on the particularities of each variant, aiming to identify as best as possible the unnamed narrators, and endeavouring to comprehend the way of the details of a given variant not only correlate with, but actively move forward the interests of the narrator and that fraction of society s/he stands for. From his own statements we learn that Herodotus had traveled through some countries including Scythia. It should be more taken into account that he undertook these journeys simply as a means of collecting evidence for the culture and history of foreign countries and then of using them for writing the History. This is because Herodotus himself points out that his History was also written that the great and wondrous works of non-Greeks may not lose their name. Despite he lived at a period when the Greek-Barbarian antithesis crystallized, he respected and took an interest in the intrinsic values of non-Greeks and was ready to accept foreign cultures on their own terms. Herodotus, especially in his fourth book about the Scythian origins, geography, etnography, culture and history, had held the opportunity to use his own observations and the Greek informants like Aristeas, living in this country, and compared them with the works of early Greek poets and logographers which he did not take for granted. This enabled him to present more credulous, impartial, critical views and informations at times about the origins of Scythians, which seems to have balanced the errors and deficiencies of his race and time. Herodotus cites two myths about the founding of the Scythian dynasty. Targitaeus, transmitted by the Scythians themselves, and the myth of Heracles and the Serpent-Woman brought forward by the Hellenic colonists in the region. He does not comment on the veracity of both myths, preferring to remain neutral, leaving it to the reader. In this article, we will try to reinterpret the Targitaeus myth from a historical point of view, especially in the context of royal symbols representing the establishment of the khanate, by giving examples from the Shahnameh, one of the masterpieces of Iranian-Sassanid literature.","PeriodicalId":320054,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131177804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Throughout history the epidemics have caused radical changes and transformation to be experienced having affected the communities politically, administratively, socially and economically. One of the epidemics that negatively affected the mankind has been plague. It was discovered in the 19th century that the bacteria that caused plague was “Yersinia pestis”. Due to its location and the geography on which she spread, the Ottoman State had to face with plague epidemics having been experienced frequently. The Ottomans not only accumulated information from the very early periods but also went through changes in their perception and attitude towards it through the course of time. The purpose of this study is to deal with and evaluate the subjects such as the nature of plague, the reasons of its outbreak, the precautions taken against this disease, the ravages it created upon the socio-economic life of İstanbul in the 1839 plague epidemics will be dealt with through the travel accounts of American Presbyterian missionary, Horatio Southgate and thus make some contributions to the literature.
{"title":"OBSERVATIONS AND EXAMINATIONS OF SOUTHGATE ON PLAGUE IN ISTANBUL","authors":"A. Kus","doi":"10.16985/mtad.1021655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16985/mtad.1021655","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout history the epidemics have caused radical changes and transformation to be experienced having affected the communities politically, administratively, socially and economically. One of the epidemics that negatively affected the mankind has been plague. It was discovered in the 19th century that the bacteria that caused plague was “Yersinia pestis”. Due to its location and the geography on which she spread, the Ottoman State had to face with plague epidemics having been experienced frequently. The Ottomans not only accumulated information from the very early periods but also went through changes in their perception and attitude towards it through the course of time. The purpose of this study is to deal with and evaluate the subjects such as the nature of plague, the reasons of its outbreak, the precautions taken against this disease, the ravages it created upon the socio-economic life of İstanbul in the 1839 plague epidemics will be dealt with through the travel accounts of American Presbyterian missionary, Horatio Southgate and thus make some contributions to the literature.","PeriodicalId":320054,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi","volume":"142 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114678869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Georgian chronicles are undoubtedly one of the most important chronicles, containing significant information about the history of the Caucasus and its surroundings, particularly about the communities that lived and are still living in the North Caucasus. A compilation called Kartlis Tskhovreba (K'art'lis Chovreba) narrates events that took place in the Caucasus and surrounding regions from the fourth century (from the origins of the Georgians - Togarma, the great-grandson of Prophet Noah) to the seventeenth century. The new Kartlis Tskhovreba was built by King VI Vahtang (1675-1737) in the eighteenth century. It was created by compiling the old Kartlis Tshovreba manuscripts written before the aforementioned king. It is known that the records of the Georgian church were also used during the compilation of this anonymous chronicle. The chronicle that will be examined here is the Georgian chronicle titled as Lives of the Kings of Kartli (Georgia), which is thought to have been written by Leonti Mroveli in the eleventh century and found in the first part of the Kartlis Tskovreba. In general, the chronicle includes events that took place in the North Caucasus from fourth century B.C. to the fifth century A.D. Despite its significance, this chronicle is ignored by the present scholarship on the North Caucasus. This article aims to question the effects the Durdzuks, who are considered to be the predecessors of today's Chechen-Ingush peoples (Vaynakh), the Ovses (Alans), who were among the important building blocks of the history of the North Caucasus, as well as the Djiks (Jiks), who are known to have a significant influence on the ethnic origins of today's Adyghes and Abazin-Abkhazians. -Zihs/Zikhs), Leks and Didoys, who are among the peoples of Dagestan, besides their place in the Caucasus history, left in the region. The names of the peoples of the North Caucasus, their regions and activities as mentioned in this chronicle will be compared with the works written by contemporary authors such as Herodotus, Strabo, Plinius and Plutarch. The activities of the peoples and communities in the region will be examined.
{"title":"THE PEOPLES OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS IN THE GEORGIAN CHRONICLE: THE LIVES OF THE KINGS OF KARTLI (GEORGIA)","authors":"Cihan Yalvar","doi":"10.16985/mtad.975921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16985/mtad.975921","url":null,"abstract":"Georgian chronicles are undoubtedly one of the most important chronicles, containing significant information about the history of the Caucasus and its surroundings, particularly about the communities that lived and are still living in the North Caucasus. A compilation called Kartlis Tskhovreba (K'art'lis Chovreba) narrates events that took place in the Caucasus and surrounding regions from the fourth century (from the origins of the Georgians - Togarma, the great-grandson of Prophet Noah) to the seventeenth century. The new Kartlis Tskhovreba was built by King VI Vahtang (1675-1737) in the eighteenth century. It was created by compiling the old Kartlis Tshovreba manuscripts written before the aforementioned king. It is known that the records of the Georgian church were also used during the compilation of this anonymous chronicle. The chronicle that will be examined here is the Georgian chronicle titled as Lives of the Kings of Kartli (Georgia), which is thought to have been written by Leonti Mroveli in the eleventh century and found in the first part of the Kartlis Tskovreba. In general, the chronicle includes events that took place in the North Caucasus from fourth century B.C. to the fifth century A.D. \u0000Despite its significance, this chronicle is ignored by the present scholarship on the North Caucasus. This article aims to question the effects the Durdzuks, who are considered to be the predecessors of today's Chechen-Ingush peoples (Vaynakh), the Ovses (Alans), who were among the important building blocks of the history of the North Caucasus, as well as the Djiks (Jiks), who are known to have a significant influence on the ethnic origins of today's Adyghes and Abazin-Abkhazians. -Zihs/Zikhs), Leks and Didoys, who are among the peoples of Dagestan, besides their place in the Caucasus history, left in the region. The names of the peoples of the North Caucasus, their regions and activities as mentioned in this chronicle will be compared with the works written by contemporary authors such as Herodotus, Strabo, Plinius and Plutarch. The activities of the peoples and communities in the region will be examined.","PeriodicalId":320054,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi","volume":"116 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132421463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fehmi Yılmaz – Ahmet Cihan – Özlem Deniz Yılmaz, Kırım Hanlığı Kadı Sicilleri Kataloğu, Ed. Erol Özvar, Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi Yayınları, Ankara 2021, 382 s. (ISBN:978-605-2249-67-3).","authors":"Serkan Acar","doi":"10.16985/mtad.1029220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16985/mtad.1029220","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":320054,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115070855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anonim Bir Kırım Hanlığı Tarihi (1475-1778)","authors":"Kemal Gurulkan, Alper Başer","doi":"10.16985/mtad.1029219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16985/mtad.1029219","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":320054,"journal":{"name":"Marmara Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114477567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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