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Marketing the Miracles: Studies on the Commodification of the Quran, Prayer, and Sadaqa 推销奇迹:古兰经、祈祷和萨达卡的商品化研究
Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.15575/rjsalb.v7i1.25232
Dadang Darmawan
Religion is a miracle. The history of religion is filled with stories of the miracles of its founder and leaders. Religion does not intend to sell miracles for worldly gain because the purpose of religion is spiritual. Nevertheless, in reality, the miracles offered by religion are often commodified. This study examines the commodification of religion in Indonesia, especially those related to the Quran, sadaqa, and glory. This research uses qualitative methods with Habermas’s hermeneutical approach to uncover the economic motives behind the utterances delivered by certain religious figures. The results showed that certain religious figures had commodified the Quran (as a material element), prayer (as a suprarational element), and sadaqa (as a social element) through the utterances they delivered. This research found that religion, based on ordinary people’s point of view, is nothing more than a solution to their complex problems. These social conditions have given religious elites the opportunity to commodify religion. In addition, the research proposes a theoretical contribution that “the perfect religious commodification” should consist of and offer three elements: material, suprarational, and social benefits. This combination of benefits may be the key to the effectiveness of religious commodification and the continued support of ordinary people.
宗教是一个奇迹。宗教史上充满了其创始人和领袖的奇迹故事。宗教不打算为了世俗的利益而出售奇迹,因为宗教的目的是精神上的。然而,在现实中,宗教提供的奇迹往往被商品化。本研究考察了印尼宗教的商品化,特别是那些与古兰经、萨达卡和荣耀有关的宗教。本研究运用哈贝马斯的解释学方法,运用定性的方法来揭示某些宗教人物话语背后的经济动机。结果表明,某些宗教人物通过他们的话语将古兰经(作为一种物质元素)、祈祷(作为一种超国家元素)和sadaqa(作为一种社会元素)商品化。这项研究发现,从普通人的角度来看,宗教只不过是解决他们复杂问题的一种方法。这些社会条件给了宗教精英将宗教商品化的机会。此外,本研究还提出了“完美的宗教商品化”应包含并提供物质、超国家和社会利益三个要素的理论贡献。这种利益的结合可能是宗教商品化的有效性和普通民众持续支持的关键。
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引用次数: 0
Inclusivity in Islamic Conservatism: The Moderate Salafi Movement in Kediri, Indonesia 伊斯兰保守主义的包容性:印度尼西亚Kediri的温和萨拉菲运动
Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.15575/rjsalb.v7i1.22648
Muhammad Qomarul Huda, Mubaidi Sulaeman, Siti Marpuah
This article analyzes the moderate Salafi movement in Kediri through a case study of Jemaah Hijrah at Imam Muslim Islamic Boarding School. This research aims to reveal the characteristics, approaches, and development of religious understanding carried out by Jemaah Hijrah in the context of the moderate Salafi movement in Indonesia. The research method used is a qualitative approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with Jemaah Hijrah congregation and Imam Muslim Islamic Boarding School administrators, participatory observation during religious activities, and document analysis related to the views and principles adopted by Jemaah Hijrah. The results showed that the Jemaah Hijrah there adheres to a moderate Salafi approach, emphasizing being inclusive and tolerant of variations in interpretations of Islam. They seek to maintain core Salafi values while remaining open to dissent on religious issues. The movement's sustainability depends on an educational approach that provides space for discussion and dialogue rather than a rigid emphasis on a single interpretation and avoids actions that breed blind fanaticism, where blind fanaticism is the root of all hostility and division. This research provides insights into how the moderate Salafi movement can thrive in local settings and how this inclusive approach balances religious conservatism and acceptance of difference. The findings contribute to the understanding of the broader community that the development of the Salafi movement in Indonesia is not monolithic but varies and adapts according to local situations and the demands of the times.
本文以伊玛目穆斯林伊斯兰寄宿学校的Jemaah Hijrah为例,分析了Kediri温和的萨拉菲运动。本研究旨在揭示在印度尼西亚温和的萨拉菲运动背景下,祈祷团开展的宗教理解的特点、方法和发展。使用的研究方法是定性方法。通过对犹太祈祷团会众和伊玛目穆斯林寄宿学校管理人员的深度访谈、宗教活动期间的参与性观察以及与犹太祈祷团所采用的观点和原则相关的文件分析来收集数据。结果表明,那里的祈祷团坚持温和的萨拉菲派方法,强调包容和容忍对伊斯兰教的各种解释。他们寻求维持萨拉菲的核心价值观,同时对宗教问题上的异议持开放态度。该运动的可持续性取决于提供讨论和对话空间的教育方法,而不是严格强调单一的解释,并避免滋生盲目狂热的行为,盲目狂热是所有敌意和分裂的根源。这项研究提供了关于温和的萨拉菲运动如何在当地环境中茁壮成长的见解,以及这种包容性的方法如何平衡宗教保守主义和对差异的接受。调查结果有助于更广泛的社区了解,印度尼西亚萨拉菲运动的发展不是单一的,而是根据当地情况和时代要求而变化和适应的。
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引用次数: 0
Religious Movements and the Adoption of New Media: The Internet Used by Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia After Disbanded 宗教运动与新媒体的采用:印尼解放党解散后使用的互联网
Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.15575/rjsalb.v7i1.21409
Moh. Dulkiah, Paelani Setia, Muhammad Ikhlas Rosele
This paper aims to examine the religious movement of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) when adopting new media in its movement activities in Indonesia. The research in this paper uses a qualitative method with data collection through online observation of the HTI website, Media Umat www.mediaumat.id. This research found that HTI as a religious movement also adopted the internet in its movement activities just like other religious movements, namely NU and Muhammadiyah. HTI's use of the internet also refutes the argument that the internet is incompatible with religion, which is based more on secularization arguments. The internet in fact provides new opportunities that are positively welcomed by the religious community, which makes it part of its culture according to its needs and interests. This religious response can be seen in HTI's use of the internet which can be categorized into three forms: ideological, polemical and contextual. All these forms of internet use show the positive impact of the internet for religion and the ability of religion to become part of modernity for its interests and needs by adapting the internet as a product of modernity.
本文旨在检视印尼解放党(Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia, HTI)在印尼运动活动中采用新媒体时的宗教运动。本文的研究采用定性的方法,通过对HTI网站Media Umat www.mediaumat.id的在线观察收集数据。本研究发现,HTI作为一个宗教运动,也像其他宗教运动,即NU和Muhammadiyah一样,在其运动活动中采用了互联网。HTI对互联网的使用也驳斥了互联网与宗教不相容的观点,这种观点更多地是基于世俗化的观点。互联网实际上提供了新的机会,受到宗教界的积极欢迎,宗教界根据自己的需要和兴趣,将互联网作为其文化的一部分。这种宗教反应可以从HTI对互联网的使用中看到,可以分为三种形式:意识形态、辩论和语境。所有这些互联网的使用形式都显示了互联网对宗教的积极影响,以及宗教通过适应互联网作为现代性的产物而成为其利益和需求的现代性的一部分的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Contestation of Religious Authority in Study Groups: Between Religious Authority and Mass Authority in Aceh 学习小组中的宗教权威之争:亚齐的宗教权威与群众权威之间
Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.15575/rjsalb.v7i1.24898
Noviandy Noviandy, Muhammad Amin, Zubir Zubir, Muhammed Sahrin Bin Haji Masri Masri
This article examines the religious authority contestation among study groups in Langsa City, Aceh. The existence of a diversity of study groups does not mean the people there accept the existing plurality. Apart from the growth of religious authority from the Traditional Islamic community, several things also influence it. So the diversity phenomena in religion often become a mass struggle. This research is included in field-library research with qualitative analysis. Data were collected through interviews, documentation, and observation in the study groups. The data were analyzed using a sociology approach and social theory. This article presents two significant findings, including scientific contestation developed by each study group and mass struggle as a confirmation of the authority holder. These two pieces of evidence show that the spread of religious authorities does not necessarily make people accept plurality in religion. Furthermore, Islamic law in Aceh tends to always be in religious contestation.
本文考察了亚齐Langsa市学习小组之间的宗教权威之争。学习小组的多样性并不意味着那里的人接受现有的多元性。除了来自传统伊斯兰社区的宗教权威的增长外,还有几件事也影响着它。因此,宗教的多样性现象往往成为一场群众性的斗争。本研究被纳入野外图书馆研究,并进行定性分析。通过访谈、文献记录和研究组观察收集数据。使用社会学方法和社会理论对数据进行分析。本文提出了两个重要的发现,包括每个研究小组发展的科学争论和作为权威持有者确认的群众斗争。这两个证据表明,宗教权威的传播并不一定使人们接受宗教的多元性。此外,亚齐的伊斯兰教法往往总是处于宗教争论之中。
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引用次数: 0
MITOS TENGET DALAM PELESTARIAN LINGKUNGAN HUTAN DI PURA PUSER SAAB NUSA PENIDA, BALI 关于保护巴厘岛普拉瓦·萨博努萨·彭尼达森林环境的神话
Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.25078/pariwisata.v8i1.2349
Nyoman Sudipa
The environment of Pura Puser Saab Forest is located in Nusa Penida District, Klungkung Regency. The myth of Tenget is able to preserve the existence of the forest because of the relationship and symbolic power of the interaction between the community and the forest environment. Respect for the forest environment is carried out by rituals and protecting the forest as a form of personification of nature and the human body. Forest sacralization as social capital for forest sustainability and community survival. The myth of tenget is a form of respect and a way of communicating with the forest community. The existence of Tri Hita Karana as a concept of harmony to maintain the integrity of the Puser Saab Temple Forest environment. This study used a qualitative approach with respondents from figures around the forest. This study aims to determine the local wisdom of the community around Pura Puser Saab in preserving the forest environment. The research results show that Mitos Tenget is a form of protection of the forest environment in Pura Puser Saab. The personification of nature such as the human body and humanizing nature makes the forest a social relation and social capital for the community. Tenget is a sacred process that is built as a form of respect and communication between the community and the forest environment.
Pura Puser Saab Forest的环境位于Nusa Penida区,kongkung reggency。Tenget神话之所以能够保存森林的存在,是因为社区与森林环境之间相互作用的关系和象征力量。对森林环境的尊重是通过仪式来实现的,保护森林是自然和人体的人格化形式。森林神圣化是森林可持续发展和社区生存的社会资本。tenget的神话是一种尊重,也是与森林社区沟通的一种方式。Tri Hita Karana的存在作为一种和谐的概念,保持了Puser Saab寺庙森林环境的完整性。这项研究采用了定性方法,调查对象来自森林周围的数字。本研究旨在确定Pura Puser Saab周围社区在保护森林环境方面的当地智慧。研究结果表明,Mitos Tenget是Pura Puser Saab森林环境保护的一种形式。对人体等自然的拟人化和自然的人性化使森林成为社区的社会关系和社会资本。Tenget是一个神圣的过程,是社区与森林环境之间的一种尊重和交流形式。
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引用次数: 1
KARAKTERISTIK MOTIVASI DAN SOSIAL RELIGIUS WISATAWAN MELUKAT DI PURA MENGENING, KABUPATEN GIANYAR, BALI 游客的宗教动机和社会特征在巴厘岛詹亚尔区的普拉明润滑
Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.25078/pariwisata.v8i1.2436
I. K. Arta Widana
Spiritual tourists who come to visit the Mengening Temple and perform the melukat ritual have various characteristics from various perspectives. From a motivational perspective, spiritual tourists can be divided into five according to Abraham Maslow's Theory of Motivation. A tourist in carrying out his tourism activities can have the motivation to meet physical needs, security needs, affection needs, self-esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. In the latest development, Maslow identified other needs after self-actualization, namely transcendental needs. This need is closely related to the motive of melukat spiritual tourism activity. This study found that tourists who perform the melukat ritual at the Mengening Temple have various motives, and most of the tourists' motives are self-actualization and transcendental needs motives. Some tourists stated that there was a security motive for their ritual as they believe in black magic practiced by some people in some countries. From the perspective of socio-religious, spiritual tourists could be part of organied religion, seculer, or even atheist, meaning that spiritual seekers are not restricted by the boundaries of religion or belief
来孟乃宁寺参观并进行美路喀仪式的精神游客,从不同的角度来看,具有不同的特点。从动机的角度来看,根据亚伯拉罕·马斯洛的动机理论,精神游客可以分为五种。旅游者在进行旅游活动时,会产生满足身体需求、安全需求、情感需求、自尊需求和自我实现需求的动机。在最新的发展中,马斯洛确定了自我实现后的其他需求,即超越需求。这种需求与美路加人精神旅游活动的动机密切相关。本研究发现,在孟乃宁寺进行美路喀仪式的游客动机多种多样,其中以自我实现动机和先验需求动机居多。一些游客表示,他们的仪式是出于安全考虑,因为他们相信一些国家的一些人会使用黑魔法。从社会宗教的角度来看,精神游客可以是有组织宗教的一部分,也可以是世俗的,甚至是无神论者,这意味着精神寻求者不受宗教或信仰界限的限制
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引用次数: 1
KREATIFITAS DAN INOVASI UNTUK DAYA SAING USAHA PARIWISATA KREATIF 创造性旅游竞争能力的创意和创新
Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.25078/pariwisata.v8i1.2016
Rifki Rahmanda Putra, Dede Akhmad Nawawi, Rifqi Asy’ari
Daya saing masih menjadi masalah bagi para pelaku usaha pariwisata kreatif karena dunia usaha berkembang mengikuti zaman apalagi kondisi yang tidak menentu akibat Pandemi Covid-19. Salah satu subsector fesyen industri ekonomi kreatif yang mengalami permasalahan daya saing usaha adalah Pusat Pariwisata Kreatif Rajut Binong Jati Bandung. Upaya yang dilakukan Pusat Pariwisata Kreatif Rajut Binong Jati Bandung sebagai pelaku usaha pariwisata kreatif untuk meningkatkan daya saing usaha di tengah Pandemi Covid-19 yaitu dengan meningkatkan kreativitas dan inovasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis seberapa besar pengaruh kreativitas dan inovasi terhadap daya saing usaha pariwisata kreatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif dengan metode explanatory survey dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 71 responden. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah regresi berganda dengan perangkat lunak komputer Statistical Product Service Solutions (SPSS) 24.0 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kreativitas dan inovasi memiliki pengaruh yang cukup tinggi dan tinggi terhadap daya saing usaha wisata kreatif. Pelaku usaha wisata kreatif perlu terus melatih kreativitas dengan cara mengembangkan dan meningkatkan keterampilan dan gagasan baru yang disertai dengan dorongan atau motivasi yang kuat. Mereka juga perlu terus melakukan inovasi produk, pemasaran, model bisnis, dan layanan yang diberikan industri perlu dikembangkan agar siap menghadapi persaingan.  
竞争力仍然是创作旅游业人士的一个问题,因为商业世界随着Covid-19大流行的不稳定状况的发展而发展起来。创意经济最重要的产品之一是创意旅游中心naong naong Jati。拉宾山大旅游中心(rapin naong Jati center)作为创意旅游企业家所做的努力,在Covid-19大流行中增加了竞争力,从而提高了创造力和创新。本研究旨在分析创造力和创新对创造性旅游竞争力的影响。本研究采用一种描述性的方法,采用调查方法,样本总数为71名受访者。所使用的数据分析技术是windows的数字产品服务方案(SPSS)连续回归。研究表明,创造力和创新对创造性旅游竞争力的影响越来越大。有创造力的旅游者需要通过发展和提高新的技能和想法以及强烈的激励或激励来继续培养创造力。他们还需要不断创新产品、营销、商业模式和服务,这些行业需要发展,以应对竞争。
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引用次数: 0
MEREKONSTRUKSI SIKLUS KEHIDUPAN SEBAGAI DAYA TARIK WISATA BUDAYA DI SAMSARA LIVING MUSEUM 将生命周期重建为萨拉活土博物馆的文化旅游景点
Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.25078/pariwisata.v8i1.2186
Putu Guntur Pramana Putra, Ni Nyoman Arini, Komang Shintiya Nita Kristiana Putri
Cultural tourism is a type of tourism that specifically conserves the various resources it uses, namely tourism that develops culture in a sustainable manner. Bali has wealth in the form of a variety of cultural arts, customs and traditions, and religious procedures and their existence as a legacy from the past. Cultural arts in Bali can live and develop influenced by various religious ceremonial activities. This study analyzed the reconstructing the cycle of life as a cultural tourism attraction in the Samsara Living Museum. This study aims to find out the destination branding and the life cycle of the Balinese people which are appointed as the concept of this samsara living museum. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and literature study. The data analysis used is descriptive qualitative. This study concludes that the Samsara Living Museum has sparked destination branding and has implemented the reconstruction of the Balinese life cycle as a cultural tourism attraction. Keywords : destination branding, balinese life cycle, samsara living museum
文化旅游是一种专门保护其使用的各种资源的旅游,即以可持续的方式发展文化的旅游。巴厘岛的财富体现在各种文化艺术、习俗和传统、宗教程序以及它们作为过去遗产的存在。巴厘岛的文化艺术在各种宗教仪式活动的影响下得以生存和发展。本研究分析了轮回生活博物馆作为文化旅游景点的生命循环重建。本研究旨在找出目的地品牌和巴厘岛人的生命周期被指定为这个轮回生活博物馆的概念。通过观察法、深度访谈法和文献研究法收集数据。使用的数据分析是描述性定性的。本研究的结论是,轮回生活博物馆激发了目的地品牌,并将巴厘岛人的生命周期重建为文化旅游景点。关键词:目的地品牌,巴厘岛人的生命周期,轮回生活博物馆
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引用次数: 0
FENOMENA WISATAWAN MANCANEGARA DENGAN MASALAH KESEHATAN MENTAL DALAM PANDANGAN STAKEHOLDER PARIWISATA BALI 巴厘岛游客持不同意见的外国精神健康问题游客现象
Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.25078/pariwisata.v8i1.1761
I Putu Sagita Jaya Utama, I Made Arsa Wiguna
Kegiatan berwisata tidak lepas dari segala bentuk aktivitas wisatawan, baik itu manfaat dan juga sekaligus konsekuensi yang di hadapi oleh destinasi wisata. Keberadaan wisatawan khususnya mancanegara dengan masalah kesehatan mental merupakan suatu fenomena nyata yang terjadi di Bali. Keadaan tersebut tentu layak dikaji untuk melihat, apa saja faktor yang berperan dan menjadi penyebab serta pandangan pemangku kepentingan terhadap fenomena tersebut. Dengan metode observasi dan wawancara mendalam bersama para informan yang terdiri dari pakar kesehatan jiwa, tokoh masyarakat, pengelola fasilitas wisata dan tokoh intelektual yang dipilih secara purposive dan didukung beberapa sumber informasi cetak maupun digital sebagai bahan trianggulasi. Sehingga hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya aspek genetik dan organik yang berperan penting mengakibatkan fenomena gangguan kesehatan mental bagi wisatawan mancanegara yang berkunjung ke Bali yang ditinjau dari faktor internal. Kemudian adanya perubahan kondisi lingkungan fisik, sosial ekonomi serta munculnya guncangan budaya dari sisi eksternal. Maka muncul suatu hipotesa yang diharapkan dapat membuka ruang pemikiran para pemangku kepentingan, bahwa terdapat realita wisatawan mancanegara dengan masalah kesehatan mental di balik eforia kesuksesan pariwisata Bali.
旅游活动并不是所有形式的旅游活动都有其好处和后果。带着精神健康问题的外国游客的存在是巴厘岛的一种真实现象。当然,这些情况是值得考虑的,看看哪些因素在起作用,哪些原因以及利益相关者对这一现象的看法。通过对心理健康专家、公众人物、旅游设施经理和知识分子进行深入的观察和采访,这些人都是经过挑选的,并得到一些印刷和数字信息来源的支持。因此,研究表明,在前往巴厘岛的外国游客中,基因和有机方面发挥了重要作用。然后是身体、社会经济和文化冲击的变化。因此,一种有望打开利益相关者思维空间的假设出现了,即外国游客的现实存在着巴厘岛旅游业成功背后的心理健康问题。
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引用次数: 0
POTENSI PENINGGALAN ARKEOLOGI CANDI GONDOSULI SEBAGAI DESTINASI WISATA EDUKASI 贡多苏里寺庙作为教育旅游目的地的潜在考古遗迹
Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.25078/pariwisata.v8i1.2232
Naufal Raffi Arrazaq
Tujuan penelitian ini ialah menganalisis ragam temuan peninggalan arkeologi di Candi Gondosuli dan menganalisis konsep pemanfaatan peninggalan arkeologi di Candi Gondosuli sebagai destinasi wisata edukasi. Metode kualitatif digunakan sebagai dasar penelitian terkait pemanfaatan peninggalan arkeologi Candi Gondosuli sebagai destinasi wisata edukasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ragam peninggalan arkeologi yang ditemukan di Candi Gondosuli ialah komponen batu candi, Yoni, arca Nandi, dan Prasasti Gondosuli. Peninggalan arkeologi tersebut dapat dikembangkan sebagai destinasi wisata edukasi dengan menggabungkan potensi yang ada di Desa Gondosuli berupa sumberdaya alam dan budaya. Daya dukung sumberdaya alam di sekitar Candi Gondosuli di antaranya ialah Gunung Sumbing, lahan pertanian, dan sungai. Potensi di bidang budaya ialah kerajinan, kesenian, dan tradisi. Peninggalan arkeologi yang ada dapat dibuatkan paket wisata edukasi dengan menggabungkan potensi di Desa Gondosuli. Pengembangan wisata dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pembelajaran tutorial dan kegiatan eksplorasi. Alur kunjung yang bisa rancang ialah Candi Gondosuli, Prasasti Gondosuli, Gunung Sumbing, susur sungai, dan permukiman masyarakat.
该研究的目的是分析贡多素里寺庙的众多考古发现,并分析贡多素利寺庙将考古遗迹用作教育旅游目的地的概念。定性方法被用作研究贡多苏里寺庙考古遗产作为教育旅游目的地的基础。研究表明,在贡多苏里寺庙发现的考古遗迹的不同部分是寺庙石头、Yoni、南迪雕像和贡多苏里铭文的组成部分。这些考古遗迹可以作为教育旅游目的地开发,结合自然和文化资源贡多苏里村的潜力。贡多苏里寺庙周围的自然资源支持,其中包括苏蒙山、农田和河流。文化的潜力在于勤奋、艺术和传统。现有的考古遗迹可以创造一个教育旅游计划,结合贡多苏里村的潜力。旅游发展采用教程学习方法和探索活动。贡多苏里神庙、贡多苏里石碑、苏蒙蒙山、苏蒙河和公共定居点都是景点。
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引用次数: 0
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Religious Jurnal Studi AgamaAgama dan Lintas Budaya
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