Pub Date : 1995-04-07DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514485
J. Vossoughi, T. Caperna
Summary form only given. In experiments dealing with mechanical characterization of biological tissues, for simplicity, the tests are usually conducted at room temperature. The validity of this practice, however, is often questioned by researchers in physiology and medicine. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of test temperature on the value of the residual strain of aortic rings. Aortas from three pigs (150 kg and 6 months old) extending from the root of descending aorta to the bifurcation were used. Using a total of 240 rings from aortas of three pigs, we have found no difference in the value of residual strain at various temperatures. It is, therefore, concluded that for simplicity, residual strain measurement can be conducted at room temperature.
{"title":"Effect of test temperature on vascular residual strain","authors":"J. Vossoughi, T. Caperna","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.1995.514485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.1995.514485","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only given. In experiments dealing with mechanical characterization of biological tissues, for simplicity, the tests are usually conducted at room temperature. The validity of this practice, however, is often questioned by researchers in physiology and medicine. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of test temperature on the value of the residual strain of aortic rings. Aortas from three pigs (150 kg and 6 months old) extending from the root of descending aorta to the bifurcation were used. Using a total of 240 rings from aortas of three pigs, we have found no difference in the value of residual strain at various temperatures. It is, therefore, concluded that for simplicity, residual strain measurement can be conducted at room temperature.","PeriodicalId":332563,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1995 Fourteenth Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference","volume":"49 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123635499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-04-07DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514468
S. Robbins, J. McClaran
Summary form only received: Falls in the elderly are a major health issue. A noted gerontologist asserts that elderly humans should wear footwear with hard soles because they optimize proprioceptive input-hence stability. The relations between proprioception and footwear sole properties, however, have never been examined objectively, yet such an examination seems justified because of the potential benefit to the public of footwear optimized for stability. The authors tested the relations between footwear midsole thickness and hardness, and foot position awareness in a sample of 13 older healthy men of mean age 72.6 years (min. 65 years; max. 84 years; SD 4.50). Subjects wore identical shoes except for thickness and hardness of midsole material which approximately spanned the respective ranges found in currently available footwear. The results obtained allow the authors to conclude that midsole hardness and thickness alter proprioception in older men. Further, the authors' data support the notion that footwear with thin-hard soles should be worn by the elderly because they optimize proprioceptive input and stability, and athletic footwear and many modern walking shoes may represent safety hazards for this cohort.
{"title":"Effect of footwear midsole hardness and thickness on proprioception and stability in older men","authors":"S. Robbins, J. McClaran","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.1995.514468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.1995.514468","url":null,"abstract":"Summary form only received: Falls in the elderly are a major health issue. A noted gerontologist asserts that elderly humans should wear footwear with hard soles because they optimize proprioceptive input-hence stability. The relations between proprioception and footwear sole properties, however, have never been examined objectively, yet such an examination seems justified because of the potential benefit to the public of footwear optimized for stability. The authors tested the relations between footwear midsole thickness and hardness, and foot position awareness in a sample of 13 older healthy men of mean age 72.6 years (min. 65 years; max. 84 years; SD 4.50). Subjects wore identical shoes except for thickness and hardness of midsole material which approximately spanned the respective ranges found in currently available footwear. The results obtained allow the authors to conclude that midsole hardness and thickness alter proprioception in older men. Further, the authors' data support the notion that footwear with thin-hard soles should be worn by the elderly because they optimize proprioceptive input and stability, and athletic footwear and many modern walking shoes may represent safety hazards for this cohort.","PeriodicalId":332563,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1995 Fourteenth Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126008404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-04-07DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514453
A. Longo, B. Mehling, P. Barre, D. Snead, A. Taylor, D. Reynolds, P. K. Bajpai
The objective of this investigation was to develop a resorbable zinc calcium phosphorous ceramic oxide (ZCAP) organic acid-vitamin E composite containing an antibiotic for orthopedic and/or dental application, including nearly all cases of trauma of hard tissues. A composite consisting of 3.0 g ZCAP, 1.2 g malic acid, 0.6 g Ca(OH)/sub 2/, 9.6 mg gentamicin sulfate and 20 pl of vitamin E oil was compressed in a 5/16" die into 0.1 g pellets at a load of 2000 lbs in a hydraulic press. The right femur of experimental animals was accessed by routine surgical procedures. A mid-diaphyseal fracture was created under direct vision using a surgical bone saw. A 0.62 threaded K-wire was inserted into the intramedullary canal and retrograded through the knee using a drill. The implant was placed between the two ends of the fracture and the K-wire antegraded through the pellet into the proximal end of the femur and tested to assure good fixation. The K-wire protruding from the bone was cut flush with the end of the bone using wire cutters. The surgical site was closed using routine surgical procedures. Post surgery, each rat showed normal movement during the ten week experimental period. Gross morphological examination of euthanized animals showed filling of the defect. Radiographic examination of the bones showed resorption of the composite, evidence of bone healing and cancellous bone ingrowth. However, the new bone ingrowth appeared less dense than the cortical bone on either side of the defect. The data collected to date suggest that ZCAP composites can be used as osteoconductive fillers between two fractured ends of a bone.
本研究的目的是开发一种含有抗生素的可吸收锌钙磷陶瓷氧化物(ZCAP)有机酸-维生素E复合材料，用于骨科和/或牙科应用，包括几乎所有硬组织创伤病例。由3.0 g ZCAP, 1.2 g苹果酸，0.6 g Ca(OH)/sub 2/， 9.6 mg硫酸庆大霉素和20 pl维生素E油组成的复合材料在5/16"模具中压缩成0.1 g颗粒，在液压机中负载2000磅。实验动物的右股骨采用常规手术方法。在直视下使用外科骨锯造成中骨干骨折。将一根0.62螺纹的k针插入髓内管，用钻头逆行穿过膝关节。植入物放置在骨折两端之间，k线通过颗粒顺行进入股骨近端，并进行测试以确保良好的固定。用钢丝钳将从骨头中伸出的k形钢丝与骨头的末端切平。采用常规手术程序关闭手术部位。术后10周实验期内，各组大鼠运动正常。安乐死动物的大体形态学检查显示缺损填充。骨骼的x线检查显示复合材料的吸收，骨愈合和松质骨长入的证据。然而，新骨长入比缺损两侧的皮质骨密度小。迄今为止收集的数据表明，ZCAP复合材料可以用作骨骨折两端之间的骨传导填料。
{"title":"A zinc calcium phosphorous oxide ceramic and malic acid-Ca(OH)/sub 2/-vitamin E composite for repairing bone defects","authors":"A. Longo, B. Mehling, P. Barre, D. Snead, A. Taylor, D. Reynolds, P. K. Bajpai","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.1995.514453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.1995.514453","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this investigation was to develop a resorbable zinc calcium phosphorous ceramic oxide (ZCAP) organic acid-vitamin E composite containing an antibiotic for orthopedic and/or dental application, including nearly all cases of trauma of hard tissues. A composite consisting of 3.0 g ZCAP, 1.2 g malic acid, 0.6 g Ca(OH)/sub 2/, 9.6 mg gentamicin sulfate and 20 pl of vitamin E oil was compressed in a 5/16\" die into 0.1 g pellets at a load of 2000 lbs in a hydraulic press. The right femur of experimental animals was accessed by routine surgical procedures. A mid-diaphyseal fracture was created under direct vision using a surgical bone saw. A 0.62 threaded K-wire was inserted into the intramedullary canal and retrograded through the knee using a drill. The implant was placed between the two ends of the fracture and the K-wire antegraded through the pellet into the proximal end of the femur and tested to assure good fixation. The K-wire protruding from the bone was cut flush with the end of the bone using wire cutters. The surgical site was closed using routine surgical procedures. Post surgery, each rat showed normal movement during the ten week experimental period. Gross morphological examination of euthanized animals showed filling of the defect. Radiographic examination of the bones showed resorption of the composite, evidence of bone healing and cancellous bone ingrowth. However, the new bone ingrowth appeared less dense than the cortical bone on either side of the defect. The data collected to date suggest that ZCAP composites can be used as osteoconductive fillers between two fractured ends of a bone.","PeriodicalId":332563,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1995 Fourteenth Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127240743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-04-07DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514479
P.A. Williams, S. Saha
Discusses the potential development and use of mathematical models in the design of assistive devices for individuals with disabilities. The man-machine or input interface between an individual with a disability and an assistive device was explored and modeled. An empirical lumped model used in the design of aircraft and automotive control systems was examined as an approach to the input-interface model. Advantages of this type of model along with an example of its application to a set of experimental data are discussed. Limitations of the present model, other types of models, and future directions as applied to rehabilitation engineering design are presented. In conclusion, the ability to utilize models in rehabilitation design can aid in the design process resulting in better, more efficient devices.
{"title":"Modeling of the input-interface between an assistive device and an individual with disabilities","authors":"P.A. Williams, S. Saha","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.1995.514479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.1995.514479","url":null,"abstract":"Discusses the potential development and use of mathematical models in the design of assistive devices for individuals with disabilities. The man-machine or input interface between an individual with a disability and an assistive device was explored and modeled. An empirical lumped model used in the design of aircraft and automotive control systems was examined as an approach to the input-interface model. Advantages of this type of model along with an example of its application to a set of experimental data are discussed. Limitations of the present model, other types of models, and future directions as applied to rehabilitation engineering design are presented. In conclusion, the ability to utilize models in rehabilitation design can aid in the design process resulting in better, more efficient devices.","PeriodicalId":332563,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1995 Fourteenth Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127243028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-04-07DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514508
J. Karov, M.J. Rocheleau, I. Hinberg, J. Daka, S. Chawla
We studies the surface characteristics and mechanical properties of four brands of poly(ether urethane) feeding tubes incubated for eight weeks at 37/spl deg/C in simulated gastric juice. Surface degradation was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Changes in mechanical properties were monitored with an Instron tester. All four brands were found to contain an X-ray opaque filler (BaSO/sub 4/ or Bi/sub 2/S/sub 3/). Incubation in the simulated gastric juice caused some surface degradation of three of the brands. This was demonstrated by the presence of small holes from which filler particles had dislodged. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and the elongation at break of Silk tubes were unaffected by the incubation. Incubated Keofeed tubes showed a 12% in elongation at break but no change in UTS. Incubated Entriflex tubes had a 15% lower UTS while their elongation was unaffected.
{"title":"The effect of simulated gastric juice on the surface characteristics and mechanical properties of nasogastric feeding tubes","authors":"J. Karov, M.J. Rocheleau, I. Hinberg, J. Daka, S. Chawla","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.1995.514508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.1995.514508","url":null,"abstract":"We studies the surface characteristics and mechanical properties of four brands of poly(ether urethane) feeding tubes incubated for eight weeks at 37/spl deg/C in simulated gastric juice. Surface degradation was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Changes in mechanical properties were monitored with an Instron tester. All four brands were found to contain an X-ray opaque filler (BaSO/sub 4/ or Bi/sub 2/S/sub 3/). Incubation in the simulated gastric juice caused some surface degradation of three of the brands. This was demonstrated by the presence of small holes from which filler particles had dislodged. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and the elongation at break of Silk tubes were unaffected by the incubation. Incubated Keofeed tubes showed a 12% in elongation at break but no change in UTS. Incubated Entriflex tubes had a 15% lower UTS while their elongation was unaffected.","PeriodicalId":332563,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1995 Fourteenth Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133067016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-04-07DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514458
D. Bruley, K. Kang, F. Moussy, T. Wiesner
The authors, who are in Bioengineering at the University of Maryland Baltimore County, are embarking on an exciting experiment in Engineering Education. The Whitaker Foundation has provided funds through its Special Opportunity Awards Program to involve M.S. and Ph.D. students in a structured Total Quality Management (TQM) approach to research and development in their thesis and dissertation work. This is a "value-added" program because the students can work on the same micro problems as in traditional graduate research; however, they are required to apply the tools of TQM in a team effort to the issue of customer satisfaction. This prepares the students to fit directly into the new culture that is now evolving in industry, therefore, enhancing employment opportunities. An educational track consists of specially designed courses to develop a knowledge base across the disciplines. The overlap between bioprocess and biomedical engineering is focused on cellular and molecular biology, stressing recombinant DNA technology. Basic bioscience, medical, law, and business students participate in solving the global problems associated with the production of biologicals. In the authors' research effort, the Protein C deficient patient is the target customer. Many interacting problems in basic science, upstream and downstream processing, drug administration and pharmocokinetics are available for interested engineering students. The legal, social, clinical, and business issues are considered as an integral component of bioproduct production and utilization.
{"title":"Engineering education and research: TQM and R&D in bioengineering","authors":"D. Bruley, K. Kang, F. Moussy, T. Wiesner","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.1995.514458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.1995.514458","url":null,"abstract":"The authors, who are in Bioengineering at the University of Maryland Baltimore County, are embarking on an exciting experiment in Engineering Education. The Whitaker Foundation has provided funds through its Special Opportunity Awards Program to involve M.S. and Ph.D. students in a structured Total Quality Management (TQM) approach to research and development in their thesis and dissertation work. This is a \"value-added\" program because the students can work on the same micro problems as in traditional graduate research; however, they are required to apply the tools of TQM in a team effort to the issue of customer satisfaction. This prepares the students to fit directly into the new culture that is now evolving in industry, therefore, enhancing employment opportunities. An educational track consists of specially designed courses to develop a knowledge base across the disciplines. The overlap between bioprocess and biomedical engineering is focused on cellular and molecular biology, stressing recombinant DNA technology. Basic bioscience, medical, law, and business students participate in solving the global problems associated with the production of biologicals. In the authors' research effort, the Protein C deficient patient is the target customer. Many interacting problems in basic science, upstream and downstream processing, drug administration and pharmocokinetics are available for interested engineering students. The legal, social, clinical, and business issues are considered as an integral component of bioproduct production and utilization.","PeriodicalId":332563,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1995 Fourteenth Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference","volume":"05 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133962934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-04-07DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514449
J. Fee
This paper reports on ongoing work in the modelling of the leg drop pendulum test as a means of assessment in spastic cerebral palsy. In a previous paper, the author demonstrated that a passive model, while adequate for modelling normal limbs, is not adequate for modelling the limb of a subject with spastic cerebral palsy. This paper extends the previous work by presenting the results of an active model which was optimized to fit data taken from three subjects. The result of the optimization process demonstrates several important points. First, the model with active elements gives a better fit to real data than any combination of the previous passive model elements. Second, the addition of active elements, which are physiologically justifiable, allows the removal of passive elements from the previous model which were not physiologically justifiable. One of the more unique features of this work is the subjects: a set of identical triplets, two of whom have varying degrees of spastic cerebral palsy and one who is without a disability. As a result, the author had a "control" available from which a "normal" model could be derived. The paper presents a model based on passive elements derived from the "normal" triplet combined with active elements that cause the model to respond to the leg drop pendulum test in the same way as do the limbs of the two disabled subjects.
{"title":"The leg drop pendulum test in spastic cerebral palsy: the addition of active elements to a passive, nonlinear, second order model","authors":"J. Fee","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.1995.514449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.1995.514449","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports on ongoing work in the modelling of the leg drop pendulum test as a means of assessment in spastic cerebral palsy. In a previous paper, the author demonstrated that a passive model, while adequate for modelling normal limbs, is not adequate for modelling the limb of a subject with spastic cerebral palsy. This paper extends the previous work by presenting the results of an active model which was optimized to fit data taken from three subjects. The result of the optimization process demonstrates several important points. First, the model with active elements gives a better fit to real data than any combination of the previous passive model elements. Second, the addition of active elements, which are physiologically justifiable, allows the removal of passive elements from the previous model which were not physiologically justifiable. One of the more unique features of this work is the subjects: a set of identical triplets, two of whom have varying degrees of spastic cerebral palsy and one who is without a disability. As a result, the author had a \"control\" available from which a \"normal\" model could be derived. The paper presents a model based on passive elements derived from the \"normal\" triplet combined with active elements that cause the model to respond to the leg drop pendulum test in the same way as do the limbs of the two disabled subjects.","PeriodicalId":332563,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1995 Fourteenth Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127158144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-04-07DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514504
H. Benghuzzi
This study was conducted: (i) to investigate the ability of tricalcium phosphate-lysine (TCPL) devices to deliver Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), Gamma-Globulin (G), Thyroglobulin (THG), and Insulin (I) at sustained manner, and (ii) to study the effect molecular size and structures might have on the sustained delivery profiles of proteins. Forty-eight cylindrical blocks were fabricated by compressing TCPL-protein (90:3:10 mixtures) in a hydraulic press at 8600 Kg compression load. Each device was then suspended in individual serum bottles containing 100 ml of phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.4), and maintained in a water bath with a temperature setting of 37/spl deg/C and agitating at 100 cpm. The amount of protein(s) released into the solution was determined colorimetrically. The results of this investigation revealed that: (i) TCPL devices are capable of delivering proteins at a sustained levels and the delivery rate was directly proportional to the molecular size of the protein molecules, and (ii) the rate of release of proteins from TCPL devices is influenced by the ionic interaction between the TCPL surface, solvent system, and stereochemistry of the materials to be delivered.
{"title":"The effectiveness of TCPL devices to deliver various molecular weight proteins in vitro","authors":"H. Benghuzzi","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.1995.514504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.1995.514504","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted: (i) to investigate the ability of tricalcium phosphate-lysine (TCPL) devices to deliver Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), Gamma-Globulin (G), Thyroglobulin (THG), and Insulin (I) at sustained manner, and (ii) to study the effect molecular size and structures might have on the sustained delivery profiles of proteins. Forty-eight cylindrical blocks were fabricated by compressing TCPL-protein (90:3:10 mixtures) in a hydraulic press at 8600 Kg compression load. Each device was then suspended in individual serum bottles containing 100 ml of phosphate buffer saline (pH 7.4), and maintained in a water bath with a temperature setting of 37/spl deg/C and agitating at 100 cpm. The amount of protein(s) released into the solution was determined colorimetrically. The results of this investigation revealed that: (i) TCPL devices are capable of delivering proteins at a sustained levels and the delivery rate was directly proportional to the molecular size of the protein molecules, and (ii) the rate of release of proteins from TCPL devices is influenced by the ionic interaction between the TCPL surface, solvent system, and stereochemistry of the materials to be delivered.","PeriodicalId":332563,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1995 Fourteenth Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126154153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-04-07DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514451
D. Mudra, K.M. Moldovan, P. K. Bajpai
Acetaminophen is often used as a veterinary analgesic. Conventional methods of drug administration may lead to drug levels that periodically exceed and/or fall below therapeutic levels. This study investigated the ability of a /spl beta/-tricalcium phosphate ceramic delivery system to release acetaminophen in vitro and in vivo. In response to difficulties experienced with the use of Tris-HCl, ethanol was used as the in vitro media. One 12 hour and one seven day study examined the effects of compression load on the acetaminophen release profile from the ceramic device. Differences in compression loads did not affect the release profiles of acetaminophen from the ceramic device. The effects of different acetaminophen dosages were investigated in one 12 hour and one four day study. The initial amount of drug loaded in the ceramic device significantly changed release profiles of acetaminophen. An in vivo study investigated the ability of the ceramic matrix devices (CMDs) to release acetaminophen for a minimum of seven days. Pain tolerance levels were tested and circulating analgesic levels were determined. Animals implanted with ceramic devices containing acetaminophen displayed significantly higher levels of circulating analgesic and pain tolerance. These studies suggest that it is possible to effectively deliver acetaminophen by means of a /spl beta/-tricalcium phosphate ceramic device, both in vitro and in vivo.
{"title":"Development of a /spl beta/-tricalcium phosphate ceramic system for in vitro and in vivo release of acetaminophen","authors":"D. Mudra, K.M. Moldovan, P. K. Bajpai","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.1995.514451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.1995.514451","url":null,"abstract":"Acetaminophen is often used as a veterinary analgesic. Conventional methods of drug administration may lead to drug levels that periodically exceed and/or fall below therapeutic levels. This study investigated the ability of a /spl beta/-tricalcium phosphate ceramic delivery system to release acetaminophen in vitro and in vivo. In response to difficulties experienced with the use of Tris-HCl, ethanol was used as the in vitro media. One 12 hour and one seven day study examined the effects of compression load on the acetaminophen release profile from the ceramic device. Differences in compression loads did not affect the release profiles of acetaminophen from the ceramic device. The effects of different acetaminophen dosages were investigated in one 12 hour and one four day study. The initial amount of drug loaded in the ceramic device significantly changed release profiles of acetaminophen. An in vivo study investigated the ability of the ceramic matrix devices (CMDs) to release acetaminophen for a minimum of seven days. Pain tolerance levels were tested and circulating analgesic levels were determined. Animals implanted with ceramic devices containing acetaminophen displayed significantly higher levels of circulating analgesic and pain tolerance. These studies suggest that it is possible to effectively deliver acetaminophen by means of a /spl beta/-tricalcium phosphate ceramic device, both in vitro and in vivo.","PeriodicalId":332563,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1995 Fourteenth Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121905024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-04-07DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514446
P. R. Menon, D. P. Mukherjee
Composites of water soluble chitosan and hydroxylspatite (HA) in the paste form were studied for the use as a synthetic bone graft material. HA powder was added to 5% aqueous solution of chitosan in different HA to chitosan ratios. Different techniques were developed to measure the viscosity, setting time, compressive moduli, and push out resistance through cadaver bone holes of the HA-chitosan pastes. An optimum formulation was selected based on the results of these measurements. A system was developed to deliver the pastes to the focal defects in the bone by modifying an arthroscopic syringe.
{"title":"Development of a composite of hydroxylapatite and chitosan as a bone graft substitute","authors":"P. R. Menon, D. P. Mukherjee","doi":"10.1109/SBEC.1995.514446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SBEC.1995.514446","url":null,"abstract":"Composites of water soluble chitosan and hydroxylspatite (HA) in the paste form were studied for the use as a synthetic bone graft material. HA powder was added to 5% aqueous solution of chitosan in different HA to chitosan ratios. Different techniques were developed to measure the viscosity, setting time, compressive moduli, and push out resistance through cadaver bone holes of the HA-chitosan pastes. An optimum formulation was selected based on the results of these measurements. A system was developed to deliver the pastes to the focal defects in the bone by modifying an arthroscopic syringe.","PeriodicalId":332563,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1995 Fourteenth Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121046798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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