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Proceedings of the 1995 Fourteenth Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference最新文献

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Characterization of polybutene modified denture acrylics 聚丁烯改性义齿丙烯酸树脂的表征
Pub Date : 1995-04-07 DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514443
B. Balzli, A. Puckett, A. McKie, D. Pettrey
Summary form only received as follows: The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of a polybutene additive to improve the flexure strength of cold cured acrylic systems. Three different number average molecular weight polybutenes were used including H100 (920 g/mole), L65 (610 g/mole) and L14 (320 g/mole) (Amoco Chemical Co.). The polybutenes were blended at 0, 1, 5 and 10 weight % with a cold cure acrylic system and compression molded into rectangular specimens 13 mm wide x 3 mm thick x 28 mm long. Ten specimens were prepared for each formulation and stored for seven days in distilled water at 37/spl deg/C before flexure testing. A three point flexure test was run using a span of 20 mm at a rate of 1 mm/minute. The results for the cold cure acrylic are given. The only polybutene formulation which improved the flexure strength was the 1% H100 composition. Although the 1% H100 formulations did improve the flexure strength of the acrylic, the change was not statistically significant when compared using a t-test (p <.05). Incorporation of polybutenes did not significantly improve the flexure strength of dental acrylics tested in this study.
本研究的目的是评估使用聚丁烯添加剂来提高冷固化丙烯酸体系的抗弯强度。采用三种不同数平均分子量的聚丁烯,分别为H100 (920 g/mol)、L65 (610 g/mol)和L14 (320 g/mol) (Amoco Chemical Co.)。将聚丁烯以0、1、5和10%的重量与冷固化丙烯酸系统混合,并压缩成13毫米宽x 3毫米厚x 28毫米长的矩形样品。每个配方制备10个样品,在37℃的蒸馏水中保存7天,然后进行弯曲试验。以1毫米/分钟的速度,使用20毫米的跨度进行三点弯曲试验。给出了冷固化亚克力的实验结果。唯一提高抗弯强度的聚丁烯配方是1% H100组成。虽然1% H100配方确实提高了丙烯酸的抗弯强度,但使用t检验比较时,变化无统计学意义(p < 0.05)。在本研究中,聚丁烯的掺入并没有显著提高牙科丙烯酸树脂的弯曲强度。
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引用次数: 0
Development of an athlete/shoe/surface-related injury prediction model for American football. 2. Use of ratiometric analysis, thresholded dimensionless numbers and scoring of qualitative variables 橄榄球运动员/球鞋/表面损伤预测模型的建立。2. 使用比率分析法,阈值无因次数和定性变量评分
Pub Date : 1995-04-07 DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514465
A. Fendley, M. Marpet, H. Medoff
For pt.1 see ibid., p.150-3 (1995). This is pt. 2 of a two-part paper in which athlete, footwear, playing surface, and interface factors are considered as a system in assessment of parameters for injury prediction. Pt. 1 identified and categorized qualitative and quantitative factors in the athlete/shoe/surface system important for injury prediction, using the sport of American football as an example. Here, the authors propose the development of a comprehensive model for injury prediction in football, based on experimentation and current knowledge, that incorporates thresholded dimensionless ratios of quantitative injury variables and subjective scores for qualitative variables.
第1页见同上,第150-3页(1995)。这是一篇由两部分组成的论文的第2部分,其中运动员,鞋类,比赛表面和界面因素被认为是一个评估损伤预测参数的系统。第1章以美式橄榄球运动为例,对运动员/鞋/地面系统中对损伤预测重要的定性和定量因素进行了识别和分类。在这里,作者提出了一种基于实验和现有知识的足球损伤预测综合模型的发展,该模型结合了定量损伤变量的阈值无量纲比率和定性变量的主观得分。
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引用次数: 2
Surface charge, biofilm composition and cellular morphology as related to cellular adhesion to biomaterials 表面电荷、生物膜组成和细胞形态与细胞粘附生物材料有关
Pub Date : 1995-04-07 DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514438
N. Hallab, K. Bundy, K. O'Coonor, R. Clark, R. Moses
Our previous studies have used jet impingement techniques to quantify strength of cell adhesion to various material surfaces. Surface charge and energy parameters were found to mediate the strength of cellular adhesion. The present investigation examines biological factors which might influence fibroblast adhesion to biomaterials-biofilm composition and cell morphology. Also, the relationship of surface charge to cellular adhesion has been investigated in a controlled way by measuring adhesion strength over a range of surface charge densities. The cells showed potential dependent adhesion maxima which suggests that surface alloying for optimum adherence may be possible. The adsorbed serum protein biofilms on a series of materials of differing adherence were investigated using gel electrophoresis. The profiles of adsorbed proteins revealed little difference in relative abundance or total adsorption quantity. SEM micrographs of the cells on a titanium alloy and silicone rubber (high and low adhesion materials, respectively) showed morphologic and cell density differences.
我们以前的研究使用喷射冲击技术来量化细胞粘附在各种材料表面的强度。发现表面电荷和能量参数介导细胞粘附强度。本研究探讨了可能影响成纤维细胞粘附生物材料的生物学因素——生物膜组成和细胞形态。此外,通过测量表面电荷密度范围内的粘附强度,以一种受控的方式研究了表面电荷与细胞粘附的关系。细胞表现出最大的潜在依赖性粘附,这表明表面合金化可能达到最佳粘附。用凝胶电泳法研究了不同粘附材料对血清蛋白生物膜的吸附效果。吸附蛋白谱在相对丰度和总吸附量上差异不大。在高粘接材料钛合金和低粘接材料硅橡胶上,细胞的SEM显微照片显示出形态和细胞密度的差异。
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引用次数: 7
Stress shielding of femoral component with and without collar 带和不带颈圈股骨假体的应力屏蔽
Pub Date : 1995-04-07 DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514429
H. A. Mansour, J. Ray, D. P. Mukherjee
Stress shielding in metallic implants used in total hip arthroplasty is often mentioned as the cause of loosening in many clinical cases. In this study the stress shielding was evaluated in Ti6Al4V alloy commercial femoral components with and without collar. The results from the strain gauge measurements showed that the stress shielding was lower for femoral components collar than that seen without collar.
在许多临床病例中,全髋关节置换术中金属假体的应力屏蔽常被认为是导致假体松动的原因。本文研究了Ti6Al4V合金商用股骨假体带和不带环的应力屏蔽性能。应变计测量结果表明,股骨假体有环圈时的应力屏蔽比没有环圈时的应力屏蔽要低。
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引用次数: 3
Development of biomechanical models of electroporation 电穿孔生物力学模型的发展
Pub Date : 1995-04-07 DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514473
K. Cheng
In an electroporation system, a biomechanical function is proposed, based on Newton's Second Law, for a small patch with proteins and lipids, in a cell membrane and on the positive or the negative side. Two biomechanical models of the critical potential deference /spl Delta//spl psi//sub 0/ of electroporation are developed from the function. One is expressed in terms of the Law of the Conservation of Energy and another one is presented in terms of the Impulse-Momentum principle. The two models elucidate that: /spl Delta//spl psi//sub 0/ is proportional to the mass m, the thickness L and the departure velocity v/sub L/ of the patch and the electric attraction force f between the patch and the cell membrane; /spl Delta//spl psi//sub 0/ is inversely proportional to the net charge q carried by the patch and the absolute temperature T of the system. A concept of work function /spl phi//sub w/ of electroporation is proposed and /spl phi//sub w/ is described as /spl phi//sub w/=q /spl Delta//spl psi//sub 0//2 in the first model. The second model particularly indicates that /spl Delta//spl psi//sub 0/ and the critical width /spl tau//sub 0/ of the externally imposed electric pulse can compensate each other. Many previous experimental results can be qualitatively explained with the two models. The essential and sufficient conditions of electroporation occurrence at the patch are proposed too. The essential condition is -qd/spl psi//dx>f and the sufficient condition is /spl tau/>/spl tau//sub 0/, where -d/spl psi//dx and /spl tau/ are the electric field at the patch and the pulse width respectively.
在电穿孔系统中,基于牛顿第二定律,提出了一种生物力学函数,用于细胞膜中带有蛋白质和脂质的小斑块,以及正极或负极。在此基础上建立了电穿孔临界电位差/spl Delta//spl psi//sub 0/的生物力学模型。一个是用能量守恒定律表示的,另一个是用冲量-动量原理表示的。两个模型表明:/spl Delta//spl psi//sub 0/与贴片的质量m、厚度L、离体速度v/sub L/以及贴片与细胞膜之间的电引力f成正比;/spl δ //spl psi//sub 0/与贴片所携带的净电荷q和系统的绝对温度T成反比。提出了电穿孔功函数/spl phi//sub w/的概念,并将/spl phi//sub w/描述为/spl phi//sub w/=q /spl Delta//spl psi//sub 0//2。第二个模型特别指出,/spl Delta//spl psi//sub 0/和外部施加电脉冲的临界宽度/spl tau//sub 0/可以相互补偿。以前的许多实验结果都可以用这两个模型进行定性解释。并提出了在贴片处发生电穿孔的充要条件。必要条件为-qd/spl psi//dx>f,充分条件为/spl tau/>/spl tau//sub 0/,其中-d/spl psi//dx和/spl tau/分别为贴片处的电场和脉宽。
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引用次数: 4
Occupational health care and safety in industrial establishments-status and strategies in India 工业设施中的职业保健和安全——印度的现状和战略
Pub Date : 1995-04-07 DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514460
S. Chaudhuri
Ever since independence, concern for health has been of major and priority importance in Indian planning. National health policy has affirmed the aim of effective health care for all by the year 2000. Keeping this in view, the government of India has enacted a number of legislations on safety and occupational health in industry. Here, the authors focus on the development and present status and problems of occupational health and the design of appropriate strategies for better occupational health care and safety. To face the challenge of a liberalized market, more sophisticated technology and competition, industries need not only people with skill, ability, and knowledge, but also sound health and mind. Different health and safety measures have been strengthened following a big disaster in Bhopal in 1984. A number of large scale technology intensive industries have adapted a number of health and safety measures for their employees. But this receives very little attention in small and medium sector units where a large proportion of people are employed. There are also other problems both at the national and industry levels for making a sound safety and occupational health program successful in a developing country like India. While probing into these problems a few strategies have been formulated for a sound safety and occupational health service.
自独立以来,对健康的关注一直是印度规划的主要和优先事项。国家卫生政策确认了到2000年为所有人提供有效卫生保健的目标。考虑到这一点,印度政府颁布了一些关于工业安全和职业健康的立法。本文就职业卫生的发展、现状及存在的问题进行了分析,并提出了相应的职业卫生保健与安全对策。面对开放的市场、更尖端的技术和竞争的挑战,产业不仅需要有技术、有能力、有知识的人,而且需要健康的身心。1984年博帕尔发生大灾难后,加强了各种卫生和安全措施。一些大型技术密集型工业为其雇员调整了一些健康和安全措施。但这一点在就业人数占很大比例的中小部门很少受到重视。在印度这样的发展中国家,要使健全的安全和职业健康计划取得成功,在国家和行业层面还存在其他问题。在探讨这些问题的同时,制定了一些战略,以健全安全与职业卫生服务。
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引用次数: 0
Prosthetic joint replacement design methods to restore kinematics and stability while preventing material overload 假体关节置换设计方法在恢复运动学和稳定性的同时防止材料过载
Pub Date : 1995-04-07 DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514478
M. Truman, L. Focht, A. Hollister
Using computer aided design tools, new total joint prostheses and surgical procedures have been designed to restore normal mechanics and thereby offer hope for improved patient outcome, To obtain improved outcome at a reduced cost, new total joint implant systems must allow the surgeon to restore joint mechanics without overloading prosthetic or skeletal materials. Current techniques often fail to restore normal joint function, Many replacement arthroplasties have experienced an unacceptable rate of loosening. Normal joint mechanics depend on recreation of the joint's kinematic mechanism, In our work average kinematic parameters are used to define mathematical models of the joint surfaces. Duplication of the normal joint is accomplished, However, a series of kinematically correct surfaces can be designed for any given joint. Surface and interface geometries can be varied to take into account the strengths and weaknesses of the prosthetic and biologic materials. New hand prosthetic design alternatives are discussed in detail. The importance of surface asymmetry in stabilizing normal and prosthetic joints, and the processes used to create and analyze specific joint models are also highlighted.
利用计算机辅助设计工具,新的全关节假体和外科手术已经被设计用来恢复正常的力学,从而为改善患者的预后提供了希望。为了以更低的成本获得更好的结果,新的全关节植入系统必须允许外科医生在不超载假体或骨骼材料的情况下恢复关节力学。目前的技术往往不能恢复正常的关节功能,许多置换置换手术都经历了不可接受的松动率。正常的关节力学依赖于关节运动机构的再现,在我们的工作中,平均运动参数被用来定义关节表面的数学模型。然而,对于任何给定的关节,可以设计一系列运动正确的表面。表面和界面几何形状可以改变,以考虑到假肢和生物材料的优点和缺点。详细讨论了新型假肢的设计方案。表面不对称在稳定正常和假体关节中的重要性,以及用于创建和分析特定关节模型的过程也被强调。
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引用次数: 1
A method to characterize burst fractures 一种描述爆裂裂缝的方法
Pub Date : 1995-04-07 DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514428
E. Berkman, R. N. Kruse, D. P. Mukherjee, K. Sadasivan*, J. Albright
The estimation of the pre operation and post operation canal geometry and interpedicular distance of burst fracture clinical cases has not been well documented. In this study a quantitative method was developed to estimate these parameters from clinical CT images in a SUN 2GX SPARCstation using the SUN VISION Software. In an initial cadaveric study the methods to estimate these parameters were set and it was found that the bone mineral density (BMD) correlated with the fracture load, degree of canal encroachment and changes in the interpedicular distance (IPD). For the nine burst fracture patients, the BMD correlated with the degree of canal encroachment but not IPD changes. After several months, the hardware was removed in three patients. The canal area increased and the IPD decreased in the affected vertebral body, showing significant recovery in each case.
对于爆裂性骨折临床病例术前、术后的椎管几何形状和椎弓根间距离的估计尚未有很好的文献记载。在这项研究中,我们开发了一种定量方法,利用SUN VISION软件从SUN 2GX SPARCstation的临床CT图像中估计这些参数。在初步的尸体研究中,我们确定了这些参数的估计方法,并发现骨矿物质密度(BMD)与骨折负荷、椎管侵蚀程度和椎弓根间距(IPD)的变化相关。9例爆裂性骨折患者骨密度与椎管侵犯程度相关,而与IPD变化无关。几个月后,三名患者取出了硬体。病变椎体椎管面积增加,IPD下降,均有明显恢复。
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引用次数: 0
Electroglottograph as an additional source of information in isolated word recognition 电声门仪作为孤立词识别的附加信息来源
Pub Date : 1995-04-07 DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514413
P. Dikshit, R. W. Schubert
Traditionally, speech recognition systems use only the acoustic speech signal (speech). However, the source of the signal and the way speech is produced and whether this information can aid in speech recognition needs to be investigated. The objective of this study was to assess the contribution of using the electroglottograph (EGG) as an additional source of information along with speech in an isolated word recognition system. The vocabulary consisted of 64 words, ranging from mono-syllabic words to words with four syllables. Two fully connected artificial neural networks were designed. One network (speech network) used only speech as its source of information. The other network (speech+EGG network) used EGG along with the acoustic speech signal as its source of information. The speech network had a peak recognition rate of 94.37%. The speech+EGG network had a peak recognition rate of 99.37%. Hence, the information provided by the EGG improved the performance of the speech recognition system by 5%.
传统上,语音识别系统只使用声学语音信号(语音)。然而,信号的来源和语音产生的方式以及这些信息是否有助于语音识别需要进行研究。本研究的目的是评估在孤立的单词识别系统中,使用声门电图(EGG)作为语音信息的额外来源的贡献。词汇由64个单词组成,从单音节单词到四个音节单词不等。设计了两个全连接人工神经网络。一种网络(语音网络)只使用语音作为信息来源。另一种网络(语音+EGG网络)使用EGG和声学语音信号作为其信息源。语音网络的峰值识别率为94.37%。语音+EGG网络的峰值识别率为99.37%。因此,EGG提供的信息使语音识别系统的性能提高了5%。
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引用次数: 9
The effects of wetness on coefficient of friction measurement evaluated with three slip testers with varied residence times on selected materials 用不同停留时间的三台滑动测试仪对所选材料进行了湿性对摩擦系数测量的影响评价
Pub Date : 1995-04-07 DOI: 10.1109/SBEC.1995.514469
William Marletta
This study examines the effect(s) of wetness on instrument to instrument variability measuring coefficient of friction utilizing slip testers with different residence times.
本研究利用不同停留时间的滑动测试仪检验湿度对仪器对仪器变异性测量摩擦系数的影响。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Proceedings of the 1995 Fourteenth Southern Biomedical Engineering Conference
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