Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.32626/2309-2254.2022-37.196-204
Оlga Skus, Olena Dzhahunova
The purpose of the study is to consider the peculiarities of the educational process development in the Uman region under the conditions of social and political changes in Ukraine during the 1930s. Th e research methodology is based on general scientifi c and problem-chrono- logical methods, analysis, principles of objectivity, historicism, etc. Th e scientifi c novelty lies in an attempt to highlight the ambiguous infl uence of the policy of the Soviet regime on the formation and further development of national education in the territory of the Uman district. Th e conclusions of the conducted research allow us to assert the multiface tedness of the raised problem, which has fairly wide coverage in various formats, and at the same time, is consonant with the present. Th e Soviet regime was distinguished by the total establishment of ideological doctrine with the use of repression in all spheres, including education. Th e formation of the Ukrainian education system took place in the 1920s due to the Ukrainization policy, which was curtailed at the end of the decade, moving to its reconstruction in the direction of unifi cation, the creation of a single all-Soviet system. In the diffi cult socio-economic conditions of the early 1930s, more than two dozen secondary schools and evening schools for adults functioned in the Uman district. Th ere was active development of education in the native language, considering the best achievements of pedagogical science, aimed at improving the quality of education and spreading experience. Since 1931, the state-party policy in education had been changing due to a number of decrees issued, resulting in a single centralized, ideological education system. Its functioning was negatively infl uenced by socio-economic and socio-political factors – forced collectivization, the genocide of 1932–1933, and repressions, which in 1937–1938 acquired a mass character. Both hunger and the repressive apparatus were raging in the Uman region. At the same time, considering the need for qualifi ed personnel, the authorities strengthened the educational structure as an important ideological tool for the education of Soviet people and the creation of a totalitarian society.
{"title":"Historical and political aspects of the educational Process in the uman region (the 1930s)","authors":"Оlga Skus, Olena Dzhahunova","doi":"10.32626/2309-2254.2022-37.196-204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32626/2309-2254.2022-37.196-204","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to consider the peculiarities of the educational process development in the Uman region under the conditions of social and political changes in Ukraine during the 1930s. Th e research methodology is based on general scientifi c and problem-chrono- logical methods, analysis, principles of objectivity, historicism, etc. Th e scientifi c novelty lies in an attempt to highlight the ambiguous infl uence of the policy of the Soviet regime on the formation and further development of national education in the territory of the Uman district. Th e conclusions of the conducted research allow us to assert the multiface tedness of the raised problem, which has fairly wide coverage in various formats, and at the same time, is consonant with the present. Th e Soviet regime was distinguished by the total establishment of ideological doctrine with the use of repression in all spheres, including education. Th e formation of the Ukrainian education system took place in the 1920s due to the Ukrainization policy, which was curtailed at the end of the decade, moving to its reconstruction in the direction of unifi cation, the creation of a single all-Soviet system. In the diffi cult socio-economic conditions of the early 1930s, more than two dozen secondary schools and evening schools for adults functioned in the Uman district. Th ere was active development of education in the native language, considering the best achievements of pedagogical science, aimed at improving the quality of education and spreading experience. Since 1931, the state-party policy in education had been changing due to a number of decrees issued, resulting in a single centralized, ideological education system. Its functioning was negatively infl uenced by socio-economic and socio-political factors – forced collectivization, the genocide of 1932–1933, and repressions, which in 1937–1938 acquired a mass character. Both hunger and the repressive apparatus were raging in the Uman region. At the same time, considering the need for qualifi ed personnel, the authorities strengthened the educational structure as an important ideological tool for the education of Soviet people and the creation of a totalitarian society.","PeriodicalId":33265,"journal":{"name":"Problemi suchasnoyi psikhologiyi","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88675727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.32626/2309-2254.2022-37.61-75
Oleksiy Korotky
Th e purpose of the research is to establish the number and dynamics of priso ners in the prisons of the Kherson province in the fi rst half of the 19th century, to analyze the age distribution of prisoners, gender distribution, social origin of prisoners, distribution of prisoners into diff erent categories depending on the crimes committed. Th e research methodology is based on the principles of a concrete-historical approach or historicism. Quantitative research methods, historical-comparative method, interpretation method, general scientifi c methods of analysis and synthesis were used in the research. Th e scientifi c novelty of the study lies in the fact that this study is the fi rst attempt to form a comprehensive picture of the number and composition of prisoners in the Kherson province in the fi rst half of the 19th century, based on statistical data from the two largest cities of the province – Odesa and Kherson. For the fi rst time, the study analyzed the distri- bution of inmates of the Odesa prison castle by age and crimes committed. Th e obtained data were compared with the Kherson prison castle, which made it possible to identify trends common to the two cities regarding the composition of prisoners and their number. In turn, these results were considered in the context of the entire Southern Ukraine and other Ukrainian provinces within the Russian Empire. Conclusions. It was found that the majority of prisoners were men, while only a fi ft h were women. Th e basis of the prison “population” of the two main prisons of the Kherson province was made up of persons imprisoned for violating the population localization system and minor property crimes – theft and fraud. Th is was a typical situation for Southern Ukraine, where the population of cities was rapidly increasing and attracting new immigrants, which was refl ected in the number of arrestees. A comparison with other Ukrainian provinces made it possible to es- tablish that, in relation to the number of citizens, the number of detainees in Odesa and Kherson was not an exception to Ukrainian provinces.
{"title":"Historical and Demographic characteristics of prisoners of Kherson governance in the first half of the 19th century (based on clerk documentation materials)","authors":"Oleksiy Korotky","doi":"10.32626/2309-2254.2022-37.61-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32626/2309-2254.2022-37.61-75","url":null,"abstract":"Th e purpose of the research is to establish the number and dynamics of priso ners in the prisons of the Kherson province in the fi rst half of the 19th century, to analyze the age distribution of prisoners, gender distribution, social origin of prisoners, distribution of prisoners into diff erent categories depending on the crimes committed. Th e research methodology is based on the principles of a concrete-historical approach or historicism. Quantitative research methods, historical-comparative method, interpretation method, general scientifi c methods of analysis and synthesis were used in the research. Th e scientifi c novelty of the study lies in the fact that this study is the fi rst attempt to form a comprehensive picture of the number and composition of prisoners in the Kherson province in the fi rst half of the 19th century, based on statistical data from the two largest cities of the province – Odesa and Kherson. For the fi rst time, the study analyzed the distri- bution of inmates of the Odesa prison castle by age and crimes committed. Th e obtained data were compared with the Kherson prison castle, which made it possible to identify trends common to the two cities regarding the composition of prisoners and their number. In turn, these results were considered in the context of the entire Southern Ukraine and other Ukrainian provinces within the Russian Empire. Conclusions. It was found that the majority of prisoners were men, while only a fi ft h were women. Th e basis of the prison “population” of the two main prisons of the Kherson province was made up of persons imprisoned for violating the population localization system and minor property crimes – theft and fraud. Th is was a typical situation for Southern Ukraine, where the population of cities was rapidly increasing and attracting new immigrants, which was refl ected in the number of arrestees. A comparison with other Ukrainian provinces made it possible to es- tablish that, in relation to the number of citizens, the number of detainees in Odesa and Kherson was not an exception to Ukrainian provinces.","PeriodicalId":33265,"journal":{"name":"Problemi suchasnoyi psikhologiyi","volume":"157 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77135599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.32626/2309-8082.2022-26.123-128
O. Blavt, Vasyl Lishchuk, Sergii Andreev, Sergey Stepankov
The purpose of the article is to reveal the impact and effectiveness of inclusive physical education of students with disabilities. Research methods used: theoretical analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization of data from scientific-methodical and special literature, pedagogical experiment, pedagogical testing, mathematical methods of processing digital arrays, comparative-statistical method, system-functional analysis. The results. Based on the results of the search activity, we received data indicating the following. Positive changes in the indicators of the experimental group students in all studied parameters of sensorimotor response were established, which testify to the improvement of the functional state of the central nervous system in the students of the experimental group after the end of the experiment. The result of the purposeful correction of the inclusive physical education of students with disabilities was that the positive dynamics of the coefficient of mental performance at the end of the study among the students of the experimental group was within 15 %. According to the integrative assessment of all studied parameters, it can be stated that after the end of the experiment, there is a general tendency to increase the results of the test tasks, which were at an average level in the vast majority of students of the experimental group (63.4 %). Conclusions. The results of the conducted research provide grounds for a conclusion regarding the possibility of purposeful correction employing inclusive physical education of the state of the sensorimotor reaction and its components and therefore have a comprehensive effect on the improvement of the main indicators of psychophysiological functions: the final data of the empirical experiment proved the effectiveness of the innovations introduced in the inclusive physical education of students with disabilities.
{"title":"Regulation of sensory response students with disabilities of universities the process of inclusive physical education","authors":"O. Blavt, Vasyl Lishchuk, Sergii Andreev, Sergey Stepankov","doi":"10.32626/2309-8082.2022-26.123-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32626/2309-8082.2022-26.123-128","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the article is to reveal the impact and effectiveness of inclusive physical education of students with disabilities. Research methods used: theoretical analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization of data from scientific-methodical and special literature, pedagogical experiment, pedagogical testing, mathematical methods of processing digital arrays, comparative-statistical method, system-functional analysis. The results. Based on the results of the search activity, we received data indicating the following. Positive changes in the indicators of the experimental group students in all studied parameters of sensorimotor response were established, which testify to the improvement of the functional state of the central nervous system in the students of the experimental group after the end of the experiment. The result of the purposeful correction of the inclusive physical education of students with disabilities was that the positive dynamics of the coefficient of mental performance at the end of the study among the students of the experimental group was within 15 %. According to the integrative assessment of all studied parameters, it can be stated that after the end of the experiment, there is a general tendency to increase the results of the test tasks, which were at an average level in the vast majority of students of the experimental group (63.4 %). Conclusions. The results of the conducted research provide grounds for a conclusion regarding the possibility of purposeful correction employing inclusive physical education of the state of the sensorimotor reaction and its components and therefore have a comprehensive effect on the improvement of the main indicators of psychophysiological functions: the final data of the empirical experiment proved the effectiveness of the innovations introduced in the inclusive physical education of students with disabilities.","PeriodicalId":33265,"journal":{"name":"Problemi suchasnoyi psikhologiyi","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73343728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.32626/2309-8082.2022-26.129-134
Olena Klіus, L. Balatska, M. Kuzhel, Y. Yurchyshyn, Tetyana Komarova, Sergey Andreev, Viacheslav Tsymbalistyi
Optimization of movement activity in higher education institutions is an actual issue of the present day, which is closely connected with organization and content of physical culture. The purpose of the research is to study the interest of girls to the basketball of 3x3 and to scientifically justify its effectiveness. Material and methods of research. The corresponding set of methods of research, which were included in the following groups were used to solve the tasks: general scientific (analysis, comparison, generalization); sociological (written poll), mathematical statistics 160 students of higher education were involved, namely: National Ivan Ohiienko University of the Faculty of Pedagogy (n-20 girls), the Faculty of Foreign Philology (n-20), the Faculty of Natural and Economic Studies (n-20 girls), the Faculty of History (n-20 girls); Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University with the Institute of Chemistry, Biology and Biology (n-25 girls), the Faculty of Economics (n-25), the Faculty of Geography (n-30 girls). The questionnaire was developed to obtain information concerning the problem under investigation. The survey was conducted at the first session before the beginning of the study of practical material in the first semester, with the implementation of the provisions of the Helsinki Declaration on Medical Research with the participation of a person. Results. They found that girls like to play in team sports 86 %. The greatest advantage they give to the sport game: Volleyball – 77.2 %, basketball – 15 %, football – 11 %, basketball 3x3 – 5.5 %, do not play in any team sport – 8.3 %. They determined that 54 % of respondents wanted to learn to play basketball 3x3. Conclusions. The main condition of optimization of physical activity in institutions of higher education is taking into account interest, as well as introduction of new interesting types of movement activity. Traditional sports remain the biggest popular game among girls, but they show interest in basketball 3x3 and the main reason for their interest is “the opportunity to spend free time” – 66 %, “the interest to the new sport” – 61 %, “it is an active game that improves health” – 55.5 %, “you can easily find a team to play” – 11 %. Taking into account the analysis of the answers we have confirmed once again that basketball 3x3 as a means of physical education can be used in higher education institutions only in a fragmented way, in particular during the study of the main subject of the classes, namely “basketball”, however, as an additional class in the form of sports sections of basketball 3x3 can be held on the voluntary choice of a student
{"title":"Efficiency of girls basketball 3x3 per hour of physical training in the foundation of higher education.","authors":"Olena Klіus, L. Balatska, M. Kuzhel, Y. Yurchyshyn, Tetyana Komarova, Sergey Andreev, Viacheslav Tsymbalistyi","doi":"10.32626/2309-8082.2022-26.129-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32626/2309-8082.2022-26.129-134","url":null,"abstract":"Optimization of movement activity in higher education institutions is an actual issue of the present day, which is closely connected with organization and content of physical culture. The purpose of the research is to study the interest of girls to the basketball of 3x3 and to scientifically justify its effectiveness. Material and methods of research. The corresponding set of methods of research, which were included in the following groups were used to solve the tasks: general scientific (analysis, comparison, generalization); sociological (written poll), mathematical statistics 160 students of higher education were involved, namely: National Ivan Ohiienko University of the Faculty of Pedagogy (n-20 girls), the Faculty of Foreign Philology (n-20), the Faculty of Natural and Economic Studies (n-20 girls), the Faculty of History (n-20 girls); Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University with the Institute of Chemistry, Biology and Biology (n-25 girls), the Faculty of Economics (n-25), the Faculty of Geography (n-30 girls). The questionnaire was developed to obtain information concerning the problem under investigation. The survey was conducted at the first session before the beginning of the study of practical material in the first semester, with the implementation of the provisions of the Helsinki Declaration on Medical Research with the participation of a person. Results. They found that girls like to play in team sports 86 %. The greatest advantage they give to the sport game: Volleyball – 77.2 %, basketball – 15 %, football – 11 %, basketball 3x3 – 5.5 %, do not play in any team sport – 8.3 %. They determined that 54 % of respondents wanted to learn to play basketball 3x3. Conclusions. The main condition of optimization of physical activity in institutions of higher education is taking into account interest, as well as introduction of new interesting types of movement activity. Traditional sports remain the biggest popular game among girls, but they show interest in basketball 3x3 and the main reason for their interest is “the opportunity to spend free time” – 66 %, “the interest to the new sport” – 61 %, “it is an active game that improves health” – 55.5 %, “you can easily find a team to play” – 11 %. Taking into account the analysis of the answers we have confirmed once again that basketball 3x3 as a means of physical education can be used in higher education institutions only in a fragmented way, in particular during the study of the main subject of the classes, namely “basketball”, however, as an additional class in the form of sports sections of basketball 3x3 can be held on the voluntary choice of a student","PeriodicalId":33265,"journal":{"name":"Problemi suchasnoyi psikhologiyi","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84922573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.32626/2309-8082.2022-26.141-149
S. Romanchuk, V. Afonin, A. Baldetskiy, M. Smovzh, P. Potsiluiko, Y. Pankevych
At the same time, the study of the educational process at the higher military educational institution and military practice showed that the physical fitness of young officer-graduate artillerymen has certain shortcomings. During the study of reviews of gunnery graduates, it was found that 22 % of reviews contain conclusions about the insufficient level of physical fitness of young officers. All this testifies to the urgency of finding new, more effective approaches to the development of physical qualities and military-applied combat skills in artillery cadets. The purpose of the work is to experimentally test the effectiveness of the developed proposals for improving the physical training of artillery cadets with an emphasis on the development of strength and power endurance. Methods – theoretical analysis and generalization of practical experience; survey of cadets and specialists; pedagogical observation and experiment; medical and pedagogical testing; mathematical and statistical analysis of the obtained results. All the tests used were consistent with the recommendations of domestic and foreign researchers. Cadets – future officers (21.6 ± 1.5 years old) who started their fourth year of training at the beginning of the experiment took part in the study military academy. A total of 121 cadets and officers of artillery specialties were involved, of which 40 cadets were divided into control and experimental groups. The results. The survey of 121 respondents revealed that the most important factors that determine the effectiveness of the physical training of gunner cadets are the use of physical exercises to develop strength and power endurance (24.1 % of respondents) and the use of loads in the process of physical training adequate to the conditions of the combat activity of an officer- artillerymen ( 12.9 % of respondents). During the analysis of the conducted study, it was established that the main pedagogical conditions for improving the quality of physical training of artillery cadets are a rational distribution of training load in all forms of physical training, a gradual but constant increase in physical load with an emphasis on strength training and endurance. Conclusions. Improve methods of conducting physical training with artillery cadets should first of all be carried out with the use of loads adequate to the combat conditions of the artillery officer and modeling of physical training, in accordance with the specifics of the military and professional activity of gunners when performing combat tasks. The developed recommendations for the physical training of artillerymen cadets of the experimental group (EG) showed high efficiency, which made it possible to increase their level of physical fitness by 21.2 %, while in the control group (CG) such an increase was 8.8 %. The functional state of the cadets’ bodies has also changed positively. The level of the studied indicators improved by an average of 18.2 % in EG, and by 7.1 % in CG
{"title":"To the problem of increasing the level of physical fitness of artillery cadets","authors":"S. Romanchuk, V. Afonin, A. Baldetskiy, M. Smovzh, P. Potsiluiko, Y. Pankevych","doi":"10.32626/2309-8082.2022-26.141-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32626/2309-8082.2022-26.141-149","url":null,"abstract":"At the same time, the study of the educational process at the higher military educational institution and military practice showed that the physical fitness of young officer-graduate artillerymen has certain shortcomings. During the study of reviews of gunnery graduates, it was found that 22 % of reviews contain conclusions about the insufficient level of physical fitness of young officers. All this testifies to the urgency of finding new, more effective approaches to the development of physical qualities and military-applied combat skills in artillery cadets. The purpose of the work is to experimentally test the effectiveness of the developed proposals for improving the physical training of artillery cadets with an emphasis on the development of strength and power endurance. Methods – theoretical analysis and generalization of practical experience; survey of cadets and specialists; pedagogical observation and experiment; medical and pedagogical testing; mathematical and statistical analysis of the obtained results. All the tests used were consistent with the recommendations of domestic and foreign researchers. Cadets – future officers (21.6 ± 1.5 years old) who started their fourth year of training at the beginning of the experiment took part in the study military academy. A total of 121 cadets and officers of artillery specialties were involved, of which 40 cadets were divided into control and experimental groups. The results. The survey of 121 respondents revealed that the most important factors that determine the effectiveness of the physical training of gunner cadets are the use of physical exercises to develop strength and power endurance (24.1 % of respondents) and the use of loads in the process of physical training adequate to the conditions of the combat activity of an officer- artillerymen ( 12.9 % of respondents). During the analysis of the conducted study, it was established that the main pedagogical conditions for improving the quality of physical training of artillery cadets are a rational distribution of training load in all forms of physical training, a gradual but constant increase in physical load with an emphasis on strength training and endurance. Conclusions. Improve methods of conducting physical training with artillery cadets should first of all be carried out with the use of loads adequate to the combat conditions of the artillery officer and modeling of physical training, in accordance with the specifics of the military and professional activity of gunners when performing combat tasks. The developed recommendations for the physical training of artillerymen cadets of the experimental group (EG) showed high efficiency, which made it possible to increase their level of physical fitness by 21.2 %, while in the control group (CG) such an increase was 8.8 %. The functional state of the cadets’ bodies has also changed positively. The level of the studied indicators improved by an average of 18.2 % in EG, and by 7.1 % in CG","PeriodicalId":33265,"journal":{"name":"Problemi suchasnoyi psikhologiyi","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83898971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.32626/2309-8082.2022-26.135-140
A. Oderov, S. Romanchuk, T. Liudovyk, I. Fishchuk, Yaroslav Svysch, I. Pylypchak, T. Dukh, V. Lashta
At the stage of development and reform of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, physical training is an important and integral part of military training and education of personnel. It is aimed at ensuring the physical readiness of military personnel for military activities and is designed to contribute to solving other tasks of training and education.The current state and conduct of hostilities in the state requires professionally trained specialists in the Armed Forces, capable of productively solving tasks in various issues. The solution of these tasks involves the inclusion in various forms of physical training of special complexes invested in increasing the functional capacity of cadets. The purpose of the work is to practically justify the effectiveness of the application of complex military-applied tasks at the professional-applied stage of the development of the physical qualities of cadets on the example of training of military specialists at the Military Academy. Research material and methods. To achieve this goal, a complex of scientific research methods was applied, namely: general scientific (analysis of scientific and methodical literature), pedagogical (testing, experiment), sociological (written survey using a questionnaire), mathematical statistics methods. 32 cadets of the National Academy of Land Forces named after Hetman Pyotr Sahaidachny, ages 19-20, took part in the study. The results. The conducted studies objectively show that classes held twice a week for 90 minutes with the use in the educational and training process of developed blocks of complex military-applied tasks on various topics of physical training, aimed at the manifestation of general and special endurance and special qualities, have a positive effect on the physical. Conclusions. It was established that the complex tasks of the military-applied direction are the starting element of the microstructure of the educational session. It can be argued that the quality and effectiveness of the educational and training process largely depend on the selection and construction of the most optimal blocks of complex tasks, appropriate workloads, task performance modes, a promising model of professional activity that takes into account other training factors. The identification of the main influential components of complex tasks leads to the implementation of purposeful and effective management of the current state of cadets, and in the complex both physical and professional-applied preparedness
在乌克兰武装力量的发展和改革阶段，体育训练是军事训练和人员教育的重要组成部分。它的目的是确保军事人员为军事活动做好实际准备，并有助于解决其他训练和教育任务。国家目前的敌对状态和行为需要武装部队中受过专业训练的专家，能够有效地解决各种问题。这些任务的解决方案包括在各种形式的体育训练中投入特殊的综合体，以提高学员的功能能力。这项工作的目的是以军事学院军事专家训练为例，实际证明在学员身体素质发展的专业应用阶段应用复杂军事应用任务的有效性。研究材料和方法。为了实现这一目标，应用了复杂的科学研究方法，即:一般科学(科学和方法文献的分析)，教育学(测试，实验)，社会学(使用问卷的书面调查)，数理统计方法。32名以Hetman peter Sahaidachny命名的国家陆军学院的学员参加了这项研究，年龄在19-20岁之间。结果。所进行的研究客观地表明，每周两次90分钟的课程，在教育和训练过程中使用开发的复杂军事应用任务块，针对各种体育训练主题，旨在表现一般和特殊耐力和特殊素质，对身体有积极的影响。结论。确立了军事应用方向的复杂任务是教育环节微观结构的起始要素。可以说，教育和培训过程的质量和有效性在很大程度上取决于复杂任务的最优块的选择和构建，适当的工作量，任务绩效模式，一种考虑到其他培训因素的有前途的专业活动模式。确定复杂任务的主要影响因素，有助于对学员的现状实施有目的和有效的管理，并在复杂的物理准备和专业应用准备中进行管理
{"title":"Improvement of special qualities military servants by measures of physical education.","authors":"A. Oderov, S. Romanchuk, T. Liudovyk, I. Fishchuk, Yaroslav Svysch, I. Pylypchak, T. Dukh, V. Lashta","doi":"10.32626/2309-8082.2022-26.135-140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32626/2309-8082.2022-26.135-140","url":null,"abstract":"At the stage of development and reform of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, physical training is an important and integral part of military training and education of personnel. It is aimed at ensuring the physical readiness of military personnel for military activities and is designed to contribute to solving other tasks of training and education.The current state and conduct of hostilities in the state requires professionally trained specialists in the Armed Forces, capable of productively solving tasks in various issues. The solution of these tasks involves the inclusion in various forms of physical training of special complexes invested in increasing the functional capacity of cadets. The purpose of the work is to practically justify the effectiveness of the application of complex military-applied tasks at the professional-applied stage of the development of the physical qualities of cadets on the example of training of military specialists at the Military Academy. Research material and methods. To achieve this goal, a complex of scientific research methods was applied, namely: general scientific (analysis of scientific and methodical literature), pedagogical (testing, experiment), sociological (written survey using a questionnaire), mathematical statistics methods. 32 cadets of the National Academy of Land Forces named after Hetman Pyotr Sahaidachny, ages 19-20, took part in the study. The results. The conducted studies objectively show that classes held twice a week for 90 minutes with the use in the educational and training process of developed blocks of complex military-applied tasks on various topics of physical training, aimed at the manifestation of general and special endurance and special qualities, have a positive effect on the physical. Conclusions. It was established that the complex tasks of the military-applied direction are the starting element of the microstructure of the educational session. It can be argued that the quality and effectiveness of the educational and training process largely depend on the selection and construction of the most optimal blocks of complex tasks, appropriate workloads, task performance modes, a promising model of professional activity that takes into account other training factors. The identification of the main influential components of complex tasks leads to the implementation of purposeful and effective management of the current state of cadets, and in the complex both physical and professional-applied preparedness","PeriodicalId":33265,"journal":{"name":"Problemi suchasnoyi psikhologiyi","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72907264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-29DOI: 10.32626/2309-8082.2022-26.150-155
Marina Chystiakova, Vasyl Mazur, Leonid Hurman, Andrii Ladyniak, V. Prykhodko, D. Marchuk, Volodymyr Marchuk
This article analyzes the case-study method as a modern technology of professionally oriented teaching of future teachers of physical culture. The case study method helps students present themselves in real life situations, rather than just solve a complex problem. Objective. To characterize the content and possibilities of applying the case method in the process of professional training of future physical education teachers. Methods.To achieve this goal, methods of theoretical analysis of the scientific literature on the content, objectives, structure of case technologies; classification of case-types depending on the educational purpose are used, questionnaire. Results. The interconnection of case studies with other methods of teaching and professional training is substantiated. The obtained results of the questionnaire showed a high level of interest of higher education seekers in the proposed method and a high level of their readiness to solve pedagogical situations. The use of the case method in the conditions of professional training creates the necessary prerequisites both for the development of the competence of students of higher education and for the formation of the ability to make collective and individual decisions of a professional nature. Conclusion. The conclusion is that the auditorium work organization based on the case-study method stimulates future teachers of physical culture interest and increases their preparation quality
{"title":"Case studies method as a technology for the formation of professional competences of future teachers of physical culture.","authors":"Marina Chystiakova, Vasyl Mazur, Leonid Hurman, Andrii Ladyniak, V. Prykhodko, D. Marchuk, Volodymyr Marchuk","doi":"10.32626/2309-8082.2022-26.150-155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32626/2309-8082.2022-26.150-155","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the case-study method as a modern technology of professionally oriented teaching of future teachers of physical culture. The case study method helps students present themselves in real life situations, rather than just solve a complex problem. Objective. To characterize the content and possibilities of applying the case method in the process of professional training of future physical education teachers. Methods.To achieve this goal, methods of theoretical analysis of the scientific literature on the content, objectives, structure of case technologies; classification of case-types depending on the educational purpose are used, questionnaire. Results. The interconnection of case studies with other methods of teaching and professional training is substantiated. The obtained results of the questionnaire showed a high level of interest of higher education seekers in the proposed method and a high level of their readiness to solve pedagogical situations. The use of the case method in the conditions of professional training creates the necessary prerequisites both for the development of the competence of students of higher education and for the formation of the ability to make collective and individual decisions of a professional nature. Conclusion. The conclusion is that the auditorium work organization based on the case-study method stimulates future teachers of physical culture interest and increases their preparation quality","PeriodicalId":33265,"journal":{"name":"Problemi suchasnoyi psikhologiyi","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79110451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.32626/2309-2254.2022-36.48-61
T. Boriak
Мета роботи – виокремити групи усноісторичних джерел про Голодомор, оприлюднених у західноукраїнській пресі міжвоєнного періоду, та окреслити їхню спе- цифіку. Методологія дослідження базується на використанні сукупності загальнонау- кових принципів (історизму, об’єктивності, системності) та спеціальних історичних методів (структурно-функціонального, порівняльного, проблемно-хронологічного; істо- ричного джерелознавства). Наукова новизна. Охарактеризовано роль усноісторичних джерел, опублікованих у пресі Західної України та їхні особливості (відсутність чітких хронологічних рамок, запізнення у друці, варіативність шляху від наративу до опубліко- ваного джерела, появу таких джерел у 1933 р. і то нальність їхнього змісту, відмінні від публікацій попередніх років). Висновки. Автор ка виділяє чотири групи усноісторичних джерел про Голодомор 1932-1933 р., представлених у західноукраїнській пресі: 1) наратив очевидців, зафіксований у листах; 2) прямі оповіді, перекази біженців та інших респон- дентів; 3) передруки повідомлень преси; 4) звернення, комунікати тощо про організацію акцій протесту і допомогових акцій, адресованих українській та міжнародній спільноті (умовне джерело). Зафіксовано відомості про ініціювання усноісторичних проєктів зі збо- ру усної історії уже у 1933 р. Констатовано оцінювання сучасниками Голодомору 1932- 1933 рр. як такого, що вирізнявся із загальносоюзної ситуації голодування. Викладений матеріал є ще одним переконливим доказом на користь спростування тези про те, що голод нібито вигаданий українськими емігрантами у 1980-х рр.
{"title":"Types of the Holodomor oral history sources in Ukrainian press of interwar period","authors":"T. Boriak","doi":"10.32626/2309-2254.2022-36.48-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32626/2309-2254.2022-36.48-61","url":null,"abstract":"Мета роботи – виокремити групи усноісторичних джерел про Голодомор, оприлюднених у західноукраїнській пресі міжвоєнного періоду, та окреслити їхню спе- цифіку. Методологія дослідження базується на використанні сукупності загальнонау- кових принципів (історизму, об’єктивності, системності) та спеціальних історичних методів (структурно-функціонального, порівняльного, проблемно-хронологічного; істо- ричного джерелознавства). Наукова новизна. Охарактеризовано роль усноісторичних джерел, опублікованих у пресі Західної України та їхні особливості (відсутність чітких хронологічних рамок, запізнення у друці, варіативність шляху від наративу до опубліко- ваного джерела, появу таких джерел у 1933 р. і то нальність їхнього змісту, відмінні від публікацій попередніх років). Висновки. Автор ка виділяє чотири групи усноісторичних джерел про Голодомор 1932-1933 р., представлених у західноукраїнській пресі: 1) наратив очевидців, зафіксований у листах; 2) прямі оповіді, перекази біженців та інших респон- дентів; 3) передруки повідомлень преси; 4) звернення, комунікати тощо про організацію акцій протесту і допомогових акцій, адресованих українській та міжнародній спільноті (умовне джерело). Зафіксовано відомості про ініціювання усноісторичних проєктів зі збо- ру усної історії уже у 1933 р. Констатовано оцінювання сучасниками Голодомору 1932- 1933 рр. як такого, що вирізнявся із загальносоюзної ситуації голодування. Викладений матеріал є ще одним переконливим доказом на користь спростування тези про те, що голод нібито вигаданий українськими емігрантами у 1980-х рр.","PeriodicalId":33265,"journal":{"name":"Problemi suchasnoyi psikhologiyi","volume":"229 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84154519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.32626/2309-2254.2022-36.32-47
D. Babyuk
Мета статті – дослідити професійну діяльність фотографа Й. Кордиша у Кам’янці-Подільському наприкінці 1850-х – на початку 1870-х рр., ви- значити його роль у формуванні кам’янецької школи фотографів та її місця в соці- окультурному житті Правобережної України. Методологічною основою досліджен- ня є принципи історизму, всебічності, об’єктивності, багатофакторності, систем- ності. Важливою складовою методології стало застосування різних методів аналізу матеріалу – історичного, проблемно-хронологічного, історико-генетичного, історико- типологічного, а також порівняння, індукція, дедукція, логічний та системний підхід. Наукова новизна публікації полягає у дослідженні творчої діяльності першого профе- сійного фотографа Кам’янця-Подільського Йозефа Кордиша в 1850-х–1870-х рр., про- аналізовано його доробок у цій галузі. Визначено першість підприємця і фотомай- стра у відкритті в губернському центрі Поділля фотографічного салону й павільйо- ну. Атрибутовано більшість його світлин кам’янецького періоду, визначено головні види його фотографій: студійні портрети містян і мешканців передмість, світлини етнічних типів подолян, знімки панорамних та архітектурних краєвидів Кам’янця- Подільського, стереоскопічні фотографії видів міста. Досліджено внесок фотохудож- ника в популяризації історичних і архітектурних пам’яток адміністративного цен- тру Подільської губернії та його мешканців серед освіченого громадянства Російської імперії та країн Центрально-Східної Європи. Висновки. Найбільшим досягненням у фотографічній справі в Кам’янці-Подільському на етапі становлення цього виду під- приємницької діяльності (середина 1850-х – 1880-ті рр.) була діяльність першого про- фесійного фотографа Й. Кордиша. Його зусиллями в місті розпочала діяльність перша фотографічна студія й було відкрито павільйон для зйомок. Він заснував кам’янецьку школу фотографії, до якої входили його помічники В. Загоровський і П. Яворський, дру- кар М. Грейм. Після переїзду Й. Кордиша до Києва останній купив його фотостудію у 1871 р. і став формальним лідером місцевої фотографічної школи. Ми атрибутували його авторство 64 студійних портретів мешканців губернського центра та його пе- редмість, 32 фотографії етнічних типів подолян і 55 панорамних світлин, відзнятих у кам’янецький період його професійної діяльності. Вони свідчать про високу майстер- ність автора, творчий підхід і прагнення відобразити естетику зображених на фото персонажів та урбаністичних мотивів. Авторитет Й. Кордиша у фаховому середови- щі і висока якість його фотознімків спонукали інших подільських фотомайстрів на- слідувати стандарти, закладені цим піонером фотографічної справи на Поділлі.
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Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.32626/2309-2254.2022-36.77-86
K. Kuminova
Мета статті – проаналізувати образ Токсаріса у творах Лукіана Самосатського. Методологічна база. Дослідження ґрунтується на засадах історич- ної імагології – міждисциплінарного напрямку, що досліджує образ «чужого». Вивчення уявлень про варварів в античній культурі допомагає зрозуміти суспільство, яке фор- мує ці стереотипи. Наукова новизна полягає в акцентуванні уваги на порівнянні об- разів Анахарсіса та Токсаріса у творах Лукіана Самосатського. У статті просте- жується, як впливало походження автора новел на використання образу благородних варварів. Висновки. Лукіан Самосатський звертається у своїх сатиричних новелах до образу мудрого скіфа Токсаріса. Він та Анахарсіс, більш відомий в античності типаж благородного дикуна, протиставляються розбещеним сучасникам і слугують взірцем для наслідування. Лукіан проводить між собою та цими героями паралель, натякаю- чи на своє провінційне походження. У новелі «Скіф» Токсаріс є героєм-провідником, який знайомить Анахарсіса з Солоном. Ім’я нового героя перекладається як лучник, вказую- чи на його варварське походження. Лукіан виділяв неаристократичне походження скі- фа Токсаріса, який при цьому виглядав і говорив як справжній еллін. Таким чином, ав- тор демонстрував, що завдяки своїм талантам і розуму можна досягти визнання, не зважаючи на походження. Автор не ідеалізує еллінський світ, адже у новелі «Токсаріс» описується зразкова героїчна дружба серед скіфів, яка протиставляється комерційній грецькій. Образ ідеального варвара характерний для античної літературної традиції І-ІІ ст. і є реакцією на кризові явища в тогочасному суспільстві.
{"title":"The image of Toxaris in the works of Lucian of Samosata","authors":"K. Kuminova","doi":"10.32626/2309-2254.2022-36.77-86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32626/2309-2254.2022-36.77-86","url":null,"abstract":"Мета статті – проаналізувати образ Токсаріса у творах Лукіана Самосатського. Методологічна база. Дослідження ґрунтується на засадах історич- ної імагології – міждисциплінарного напрямку, що досліджує образ «чужого». Вивчення уявлень про варварів в античній культурі допомагає зрозуміти суспільство, яке фор- мує ці стереотипи. Наукова новизна полягає в акцентуванні уваги на порівнянні об- разів Анахарсіса та Токсаріса у творах Лукіана Самосатського. У статті просте- жується, як впливало походження автора новел на використання образу благородних варварів. Висновки. Лукіан Самосатський звертається у своїх сатиричних новелах до образу мудрого скіфа Токсаріса. Він та Анахарсіс, більш відомий в античності типаж благородного дикуна, протиставляються розбещеним сучасникам і слугують взірцем для наслідування. Лукіан проводить між собою та цими героями паралель, натякаю- чи на своє провінційне походження. У новелі «Скіф» Токсаріс є героєм-провідником, який знайомить Анахарсіса з Солоном. Ім’я нового героя перекладається як лучник, вказую- чи на його варварське походження. Лукіан виділяв неаристократичне походження скі- фа Токсаріса, який при цьому виглядав і говорив як справжній еллін. Таким чином, ав- тор демонстрував, що завдяки своїм талантам і розуму можна досягти визнання, не зважаючи на походження. Автор не ідеалізує еллінський світ, адже у новелі «Токсаріс» описується зразкова героїчна дружба серед скіфів, яка протиставляється комерційній грецькій. Образ ідеального варвара характерний для античної літературної традиції І-ІІ ст. і є реакцією на кризові явища в тогочасному суспільстві.","PeriodicalId":33265,"journal":{"name":"Problemi suchasnoyi psikhologiyi","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78045688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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