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Firm-level Technological Upgrading Process in Low-tech Industries: the case of Clothing Industry in Brazil 低技术产业的企业层面技术升级过程:以巴西服装业为例
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.24840/2183-0606_011.001_0002
Janaina Piana, Luiza Tagliari Brustolin
There is a considerable amount of research on technological upgrading and innovation. However, the majority of studies tend to focus on R&D and patents aspects in high-tech industries. Seeking to contribute to rebalancing the analysis, we examine how occurs technological upgrading path in a low-tech industry, the clothing industry from emerging market. The low-tech industries represent around 90% of the economy of emerging countries, such as Brazil. The research design is operationalized from depth individual case study. The findings show that the clothing industry, even though characterized as low-tech, has not remained technologically stagnant, developing innovative activities and a path-follower. However, although it can be considered innovative, the industry shows little association with 4.0 technologies. The research questions biases in extant research and policy debate towards certain types of innovative capabilities, industries, and taxonomies that limit the understanding of innovation and technological catch-up in different industrial settings.
关于技术升级与创新的研究相当多。然而,大多数研究倾向于集中在高技术产业的研发和专利方面。为了对分析的再平衡做出贡献,我们考察了低技术产业——新兴市场服装产业的技术升级路径是如何发生的。在巴西等新兴国家,低科技产业约占经济总量的90%。研究设计是通过深入的个案研究来实现的。调查结果表明,服装行业虽然被认为是低技术含量的行业,但并没有在技术上停滞不前,而是开展了创新活动,并成为了一个跟随者。然而,尽管它可以被认为是创新的,但该行业与4.0技术几乎没有联系。该研究质疑了现有研究和政策辩论中对某些类型的创新能力、行业和分类的偏见,这些偏见限制了对不同工业环境下创新和技术追赶的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Training in Emotional Intelligence: A Proposed Solution to COVID-19 Related Problems that Interfere with Innovation Management 情商培训:新冠肺炎相关问题干扰创新管理的建议解决方案
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-04-10 DOI: 10.24840/2183-0606_011.001_l001
Chao Miao, Shanshan Qian, R. Humphrey
People from all over the world are overwhelmed by the news and information related to the global COVID-19 pandemic on a daily basis. The social, economic, political, environmental, and technological landscapes have been undergoing unprecedented vicissitudes which have hindered innovation management. It hence behooves policy makers and leaders to develop and implement effective solutions and practices to immediately address the issues and catastrophes engendered by COVID-19. We discuss the promises of emotional intelligence to deal with the negative impact of COVID-19 and propose a list of practical recommendations for policy makers and leaders to consider when developing and assigning emotional intelligence training.
来自世界各地的人们每天都被与全球新冠肺炎大流行有关的新闻和信息淹没。社会、经济、政治、环境和技术格局经历了前所未有的变化,这阻碍了创新管理。因此,政策制定者和领导人有必要制定和实施有效的解决方案和做法,以立即解决新冠肺炎造成的问题和灾难。我们讨论了情商应对新冠肺炎负面影响的承诺,并提出了一系列实用建议,供决策者和领导人在开发和分配情商培训时考虑。
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引用次数: 0
Business Model Innovation in the German Industry: Case Studies from the Railway, Manufacturing and Construction Sectors 德国工业的商业模式创新:铁路、制造业和建筑业的案例研究
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.24840/2183-0606_011.001_0001
J. Winter
For a long time, the business activities of industrial companies in mechanical engineering, plant construction or the automotive industry focused on products and product-related services. Digital pioneers have refined these products such as machinery, equipment, and devices with data-driven services, which they make available worldwide via digital platforms. This emerging trend influences existing and future business models of all companies. This transition from product-related, single-sided markets to platform markets is characteristic of the digital age. The speed at which business models must change continues to be underestimated by many market participants, especially when order books are well filled and the pressure to change appears to be low. Industrial and service companies need to adapt to the changes induced by new market players to secure future business success and remain competitive in the digital age. The aim of this article is to intensify the debate on digital business models in the industry by providing practical examples of business model innovations in three industries.
长期以来,工业公司在机械工程、工厂建设或汽车行业的业务活动都集中在产品和产品相关服务上。数字先驱们通过数据驱动服务完善了这些产品,如机械、设备和设备,并通过数字平台在全球范围内提供这些服务。这一新兴趋势影响着所有公司现有和未来的商业模式。这种从产品相关的单边市场到平台市场的转变是数字时代的特征。许多市场参与者仍然低估了商业模式必须改变的速度,尤其是当订单很满,改变的压力似乎很低时。工业和服务公司需要适应新的市场参与者带来的变化,以确保未来的商业成功,并在数字时代保持竞争力。本文的目的是通过提供三个行业的商业模式创新的实例,来加剧行业中关于数字商业模式的争论。
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引用次数: 1
Authenticity Business Model Canvas - A New Tool Applied to the Portuguese Way of St. James 真实商业模式画布——一种应用于圣詹姆斯葡萄牙之路的新工具
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.24840/2183-0606_010.004_0003
Carlos Ferreira, José Oliveira, Manuel Sousa Aroso
The Authenticity Business Model Canvas is a tool to enhance the role of authenticity in business models. It was based on the combination of the Triple-Layered Business Model Canvas (TLBMC) proposed by Joyce and Paquin (2016) with the authenticity theory presented by Wang (1999). The model attempts to solve the challenge of helping companies identify sources for value creation by involving key stakeholders (particularly employees and customers) to improve the authenticity of the business. The research shows that the enhancement of object-based and existential authenticity, as well as relational value, contributes to increasing customer loyalty, customer lifetime value and word of mouth. This paper explains how the tool was developed through a case study applied to the Portuguese Way of St. James. The Authenticity Business Model Canvas is presented and its key features are described.
真实性商业模型画布是一种增强真实性在商业模型中的作用的工具。它是基于Joyce和Paquin(2016)提出的三层商业模型画布(TLBMC)与王(1999)提出的真实性理论的结合。该模型试图通过让关键利益相关者(特别是员工和客户)参与进来,提高业务的真实性,来解决帮助公司确定价值创造来源的挑战。研究表明,增强基于对象和存在的真实性以及关系价值,有助于提高客户忠诚度、客户终身价值和口碑。本文通过一个应用于葡萄牙圣詹姆斯之路的案例研究,解释了该工具是如何开发的。介绍了真实性商业模型画布,并描述了它的主要功能。
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引用次数: 0
Towards a Comprehensive Conceptualization of Relational Capabilities: an Innovation Management Perspective 面向关系能力的综合概念化:创新管理视角
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-16 DOI: 10.24840/2183-0606_010.004_0001
Angélica Pigola, Priscila Rezende da Costa, G. Porto, M. Mazieri
Relational capabilities (RC) draw upon the relational view incorporated into different approaches in competing ways. To provide a clarification of concepts to identify trends, perspectives, and future research opportunities, we conducted a literature review through a bibliometric analysis from 1979 to 2021 publications. Additionally, we highlight the most influential papers that extensively discuss RC and its influences and variations to manage innovation. Findings identify some descriptive insights about publications and the turning point article in the literature that influenced the evolution of RC under the innovation management perspective. RC intertwines into various aspects of innovation management, such as knowledge-based co-creation, learning value, collaborative strategy, innovative ecosystems, strategic management, managing partners, and organizational growth. Therefore, the stream of innovation management leads us to conceptualize RC, highlighting opportunities for further research to solidify RC’s significance. By reviewing and identifying the most influential papers and their authors and systematizing existing knowledge on RC, this research produces theoretical contributions for dynamic capabilities and innovation theory. From a practitioner standpoint, managers likely look at relational resources and strategies towards innovativeness from a new perspective understanding that relational rents exist.
关系能力(RC)利用以相互竞争的方式合并到不同方法中的关系视图。为了澄清概念,以确定趋势、观点和未来的研究机会,我们通过文献计量学分析对1979年至2021年的出版物进行了文献综述。此外,我们还重点介绍了最具影响力的论文,这些论文广泛讨论了RC及其对管理创新的影响和变化。研究发现,在创新管理视角下,对影响RC发展的出版物和文献中的转折点文章有一些描述性的见解。创新管理与基于知识的共同创造、学习价值、协作战略、创新生态系统、战略管理、合作伙伴管理和组织成长等创新管理的各个方面相互交织。因此,创新管理的潮流引导我们对创新管理进行概念化,凸显了进一步研究的机会,以巩固创新管理的意义。本研究通过回顾和识别最具影响力的论文及其作者,并对现有的RC知识进行系统梳理,为动态能力和创新理论做出了理论贡献。从从业者的角度来看,管理者可能会从一个新的角度来看待关系资源和创新战略,理解关系租金的存在。
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引用次数: 2
Taking the Digital Innovation Journey beyond Technology: A Human-Centered Design Approach 超越技术的数字化创新之旅:以人为本的设计方法
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-01-16 DOI: 10.24840/2183-0606_010.004_0002
Rui Patrício, P. Gomide, L. Rocha
The digital innovation era creates new challenges for companies and amplifies the gap between leaders and followers. This paper builds on a human-centered design (HCD) approach, arguing that companies can bridge this gap by mastering the human aspects of their entire digital journey. Based on a study conducted online with fifteen executives of leading companies involved in digital initiatives, provide insights into how companies can use HCD approaches to help them engage customers and employees and better navigate the digital innovation journey. HCD approaches can drive digital adoption forward by assisting companies in building empathy with people and developing a systemic environment that encourages them to be more flexible, optimize the user's experience and facilitate the co-creation of digital innovation solutions. By gaining a proper understanding of customer and employee needs, desires, and pain points, companies can better align technology and business goals and prioritize areas that will have the most significant impact on customers' day-to-day lives and across the entire company.
数字创新时代给公司带来了新的挑战,并扩大了领导者和追随者之间的差距。本文建立在以人为中心的设计(HCD)方法的基础上,认为公司可以通过掌握整个数字旅程中的人性方面来弥合这一差距。基于对参与数字计划的领先公司的15名高管进行的在线研究,深入了解公司如何使用HCD方法来帮助他们吸引客户和员工,并更好地驾驭数字创新之旅。HCD方法可以帮助公司与人们建立同理心,并开发一个系统环境,鼓励他们更加灵活,优化用户体验,促进数字创新解决方案的共同创建,从而推动数字采用。通过正确了解客户和员工的需求、愿望和痛点,公司可以更好地协调技术和业务目标,并优先考虑对客户日常生活和整个公司产生最重大影响的领域。
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引用次数: 0
Management Perception of Digital Innovation: How Innovation Managers Perceive Digital Innovation in their Organisational Setting in Austria 管理层对数字创新的感知:奥地利创新管理者如何在组织环境中感知数字创新
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-29 DOI: 10.24840/2183-0606_010.003_0004
Peter Granig, Kathrin Hilgarter
The rapid advancement of digital technologies has fundamentally shaped business in all sectors. Therefore, organisations must find strategies for responding to this advancement through digital innovation. In this context, the perspective of innovation managers and their perception of digital innovations in practise are underrepresented in previous research. Therefore, using semi-structured interviews, this study examines the perceptions of 13 innovation managers towards digital innovation and organisational factors in Austria. Results showed that digital innovation is perceived positively and has the potential to solve current societal, economic and environmental challenges. However, a proactive strategy is required for organisations. Finally, in terms of conductive factors, agility, mindset adjustment, innovation culture, open innovation approach and ecosystem usage appear to be important in practise in Austria. This suggests that managers who are aware of the impact of digital innovation and consider conductive factors in their leading strategy may be successful in handling digital innovation.
数字技术的快速发展从根本上改变了所有部门的业务。因此,组织必须找到通过数字创新来应对这一进步的策略。在此背景下,创新管理者的观点及其对实践中的数字创新的看法在以往的研究中没有得到充分的体现。因此,本研究采用半结构化访谈,考察了奥地利13位创新经理对数字创新和组织因素的看法。结果显示,数字创新被认为是积极的,具有解决当前社会、经济和环境挑战的潜力。然而,组织需要一个积极主动的战略。最后,在传导因素方面,敏捷性、心态调整、创新文化、开放式创新方法和生态系统的使用在奥地利的实践中显得很重要。这表明,管理者如果意识到数字创新的影响,并在其领导战略中考虑引导因素,可能会在处理数字创新方面取得成功。
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引用次数: 1
Drivers for Platform Business Model Innovation: Individuals in Control over their Personal Data 平台商业模式创新的驱动力:个人对个人数据的控制
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-26 DOI: 10.24840/2183-0606_010.003_0003
L. Kemppainen, M. Pikkarainen, T. Koivumäki, Yueqiang Xu
Personal data has become an important resource in today’s market and in platform business models. In fact, the essence of many platform business models is to create value for an individual by offering a free service and to capture value by collecting and selling collected data. In this study, we analyse the drivers for platform business model innovation in the context of personal data used in the healthcare sector. Platform business models are shaped and designed with respect to the internal and external drivers in the market. However, few studies have increased our understanding of the drivers for platform business model innovation. For that, we conducted an exploratory study for five personal data platform providers that enable individuals to control the use of their personal data in digital services by interviewing the personal data platform providers and using company presentation material. The findings show that by adopting a human-centred approach to personal data, giving control over data to the individual, personal data platform providers change how value is created and captured. This research has managerial implications and contributes to the business model innovation literature by extending the current knowledge about drivers for personal data-based platform business model innovation in the healthcare sector.
个人数据已经成为当今市场和平台商业模式的重要资源。事实上,许多平台商业模式的本质是通过提供免费服务为个人创造价值,并通过收集和出售收集到的数据来获取价值。在本研究中,我们分析了医疗保健行业使用的个人数据背景下平台商业模式创新的驱动因素。平台商业模式是根据市场内部和外部驱动因素形成和设计的。然而,很少有研究增加了我们对平台商业模式创新驱动因素的理解。为此,我们对五家个人数据平台提供商进行了一项探索性研究,通过采访个人数据平台提供商和使用公司演示材料,使个人能够控制其个人数据在数字服务中的使用。研究结果表明,通过对个人数据采取以人为本的方法,将数据控制权交给个人,个人数据平台提供商改变了创造和获取价值的方式。本研究具有管理意义,并通过扩展当前关于医疗保健行业基于个人数据的平台商业模式创新驱动因素的知识,为商业模式创新文献做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Labour Market Social Innovation in France Gaining Legitimacy through Meta-Organisations 法国劳动力市场社会创新通过元组织获得合法性
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-22 DOI: 10.24840/2183-0606_010.003_0002
Laëtitia Lethielleux, Mélissa Boudes
Labour Market Intermediaries (LMIs) with a social purpose, or Labour Market Social Innovation, are bubbling since the 1980s due to the fragmentation of labour standards and the growing number of “non-standard forms of work”. However, they face an important lack of legitimacy especially in countries like France where labour market is highly regulated. Analysing the legitimation trajectories two profit-limited LMIs, the Employers’ Associations and the Business and the Employment Cooperatives in France, we highlight the role of meta-organisations and some key factors of success and failure.
自20世纪80年代以来,由于劳动标准的碎片化和“非标准工作形式”的日益增多,具有社会目的的劳动力市场中介机构(LMI)或劳动力市场社会创新正在蓬勃发展。然而,他们面临着严重的合法性缺失,尤其是在像法国这样劳动力市场受到高度监管的国家。通过分析两个利润有限的LMI,即法国的雇主协会和商业与就业合作社的合法化轨迹,我们强调了元组织的作用以及成功和失败的一些关键因素。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Social Capital and Knowledge on Small US Firm New Product Development Innovations 社会资本和知识对美国小企业新产品开发创新的影响
Q2 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.24840/2183-0606_010.003_0001
Nancy Miller, Carol Engel-Enright, David Brown
Studies have highlighted the benefits of external knowledge building as a means of heightening a firm’s innovation activities. Simultaneously supply chain scholars have highlighted the lack of focus on social facets at the micro behavioral level, as well as the limited endeavors to build upon existing theories for new perspectives. Taking an exploratory approach to addressing literature gaps, the objectives of this research involve integrating constructs from social capital theory and the knowledge-based view of the firm to examine associations and interactions among network ties, social interactions, knowledge absorptive capacity, and knowledge acquisition in the development of new product innovations by US apparel and sewn products manufacturers (N=125). Quantitative data were collected via an online survey of both a national and state sample of small sized manufacturers. Findings regarding new product development indicated: positive associations for network ties, social interactions, knowledge absorptive capacity, and knowledge acquisition; network ties and knowledge acquisition; mediated relationships with social interaction and absorptive capacity; and moderated social interaction relationships with absorptive capacity and network ties­. These empirical insights highlight the importance of building external relationships for generating knowledge in amplifying innovation. Theoretical contributions, managerial implications, limitations and suggestions for future research are presented.  
研究强调了外部知识建设作为提高企业创新活动的一种手段的好处。与此同时,供应链学者强调了在微观行为层面缺乏对社会方面的关注,以及在现有理论的基础上建立新视角的有限努力。采用探索性的方法来解决文献空白,本研究的目标包括整合社会资本理论和企业知识基础观点的结构,以检查美国服装和缝制产品制造商在新产品创新开发中的网络联系、社会互动、知识吸收能力和知识获取之间的联系和相互作用(N=125)。定量数据是通过对全国和各州小型制造商样本的在线调查收集的。关于新产品开发的研究发现:网络联系、社会互动、知识吸收能力和知识获取正相关;网络联系与知识获取;社会互动与吸收能力的中介关系;吸收能力和网络关系对社会互动关系的调节作用。这些实证见解强调了在扩大创新中建立外部关系对于产生知识的重要性。最后提出理论贡献、管理意义、限制及对未来研究的建议。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Innovation Management
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