P. Skliarov, S. Fedorenko, S. Naumenko, O. Onyshchenko, A. Pasternak, V. Koshevoy
{"title":"Development of protocols and efficiency of ozone-containing drugs for the treatment of livestock with reproductive pathologies","authors":"P. Skliarov, S. Fedorenko, S. Naumenko, O. Onyshchenko, A. Pasternak, V. Koshevoy","doi":"10.32819/2022.10002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2022.10002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70178323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effective adhesive bandage for treating total mastectomy in cats: a case study","authors":"D. Bilyi, M. Herhaulov","doi":"10.32819/2022.10004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2022.10004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70177921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Suprovych, M. Suprovych, O. Biriukova, V. Trach, O. Danchuk, A. Grafov
{"title":"BoLA-DRB3 gene as a marker of sensitivity of the white-headed Ukrainian cattle to mastitis","authors":"T. Suprovych, M. Suprovych, O. Biriukova, V. Trach, O. Danchuk, A. Grafov","doi":"10.32819/2022.10001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2022.10001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70178255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Kramarenko, T. Pidpala, S. I. Lugovyi, S. Kramarenko
{"title":"Origin and generation influence on the fractal dimension values of the milk production in dairy cows","authors":"A. Kramarenko, T. Pidpala, S. I. Lugovyi, S. Kramarenko","doi":"10.32819/2022.10003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2022.10003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70177898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article presents current data on the relationship of morphological changes in the jejenum intestine mucous membrane with the dynamics of the polypeptide composition in the cattle enterocytes membranes during the fetal period of ontogenesis. The study was carried out on 80 fetuses of Holstein cattle, aged 2–9 months, with a body weight of 0.6–39 kg. It was found that during the fetal period of ontogenesis, structural transformations took place in the jejunal mucous membrane of cattle, characterized by intense morphofunctional changes in its structural components. The polypeptide composition of the jejunal enterocytes plasma membrane in cattle during the fetal period of ontogenesis was determined, in particular, in the apical and basolateral membranes, respectively, 27 and 25 protein fractions with a molecular weight of 9.6–14.2 kDa to 300 kDa were found, respectively. With the help of the correlation analysis for the received data, reliable interconnections of morphological changes in the jejunal mucous layer with the dynamics of the polypeptide composition of the cattle enterocyte’s membranes during the fetal period of ontogenesis were obtained. It has been proven that the thickness of the intestinal wall with villi and the mucous membrane with villi is directly related to the content of proteins with a molecular weight of 250 kDa and 155 kDa on the apical domain of enterocytes (P ≤ 0.01–0.001). The height of the villi is associated only with the content of polypeptides with a molecular weight of 250 kDa and 155 kDa (P ≤ 0.05–001) in the apical membrane and is inversely related to the content of polypeptides with a molecular weight of 9.6–14.2 kDa, 21 kDa, 22.5 kDa, 26 kDa, 33 kDa, 35 kDa, 170–185 kDa (P ≤ 0.01–0.001). The width of the villi is related to the content on the apical membrane of proteins with a molecular weight of 170–185 kDa and 21 kDa (P ≤ 0.05–0.01). The thickness of the intestinal wall with villi and mucous membrane with villi is associated with the content of proteins with molecular weights 155 kDa, 100 kDa, 87 kDa, 66 kDa, 52 kDa) and 43 kDa (P ≤ 0.05–0.001) on the basolateral domain of enterocytes and inversely dependent on the content of polypeptides with molecular weights of 19 kDa, 21 kDa and 31 kDa (P ≤ 0.05). The height of enterocyte villi is directly related to the content of polypeptides with a molecular weight of 155 kDa and 52 kDa (P ≤ 0,05–0,01) in the basolateral membrane and is inversely dependent on the content of polypeptides with a molecular weight of 24 kDa, 22.5 kDa and 17 kDa (P ≤ 0.05–0.001). The width of the villi of enterocytes is reliably inversely related only to the content of proteins with a molecular weight of 155 kDa on the basolateral membrane (P ≤ 0.05).
{"title":"The morphological changes relationship in the small intestine mucous membrane with the dynamics of the enterocyte’s membranes polypeptide composition in cattle during the fetal period of their ontogenesis","authors":"D. Masiuk","doi":"10.32819/2021.91009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.91009","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents current data on the relationship of morphological changes in the jejenum intestine mucous membrane with the dynamics of the polypeptide composition in the cattle enterocytes membranes during the fetal period of ontogenesis. The study was carried out on 80 fetuses of Holstein cattle, aged 2–9 months, with a body weight of 0.6–39 kg. It was found that during the fetal period of ontogenesis, structural transformations took place in the jejunal mucous membrane of cattle, characterized by intense morphofunctional changes in its structural components. The polypeptide composition of the jejunal enterocytes plasma membrane in cattle during the fetal period of ontogenesis was determined, in particular, in the apical and basolateral membranes, respectively, 27 and 25 protein fractions with a molecular weight of 9.6–14.2 kDa to 300 kDa were found, respectively. With the help of the correlation analysis for the received data, reliable interconnections of morphological changes in the jejunal mucous layer with the dynamics of the polypeptide composition of the cattle enterocyte’s membranes during the fetal period of ontogenesis were obtained. It has been proven that the thickness of the intestinal wall with villi and the mucous membrane with villi is directly related to the content of proteins with a molecular weight of 250 kDa and 155 kDa on the apical domain of enterocytes (P ≤ 0.01–0.001). The height of the villi is associated only with the content of polypeptides with a molecular weight of 250 kDa and 155 kDa (P ≤ 0.05–001) in the apical membrane and is inversely related to the content of polypeptides with a molecular weight of 9.6–14.2 kDa, 21 kDa, 22.5 kDa, 26 kDa, 33 kDa, 35 kDa, 170–185 kDa (P ≤ 0.01–0.001). The width of the villi is related to the content on the apical membrane of proteins with a molecular weight of 170–185 kDa and 21 kDa (P ≤ 0.05–0.01). The thickness of the intestinal wall with villi and mucous membrane with villi is associated with the content of proteins with molecular weights 155 kDa, 100 kDa, 87 kDa, 66 kDa, 52 kDa) and 43 kDa (P ≤ 0.05–0.001) on the basolateral domain of enterocytes and inversely dependent on the content of polypeptides with molecular weights of 19 kDa, 21 kDa and 31 kDa (P ≤ 0.05). The height of enterocyte villi is directly related to the content of polypeptides with a molecular weight of 155 kDa and 52 kDa (P ≤ 0,05–0,01) in the basolateral membrane and is inversely dependent on the content of polypeptides with a molecular weight of 24 kDa, 22.5 kDa and 17 kDa (P ≤ 0.05–0.001). The width of the villi of enterocytes is reliably inversely related only to the content of proteins with a molecular weight of 155 kDa on the basolateral membrane (P ≤ 0.05).","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70175100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The results of establishing the optimal feeding doses of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt in the form of their mixed-ligand complexes for high-yielding cows of Holstein, Ukrainian Red-Spotted and Ukrainian Black-Spotted dairy breeds during the late dry period were presented, their influence on the future productivity and reproductive qualities of cows were also determined. It was found that lower doses of mixed-ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt in the feed mixture stimulated its consumption better. The cows of the 4th experimental group consumed more of the feed mixture, where the concentration of Zinc and Manganese was 35 mg, and Cobalt – 0.49 mg per 1 kg of DM. At various doses of mixed-ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt, the increase in live weight in cows of the control group was 24.3 kg, and in the experimental groups, it ranged from 23.7 kg to 26.9 kg, which is 8.6% and 10.7% (P < 0,05) more in the 3rd and 4th groups compared with the control. A decrease in the concentration of mixed-ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt in the diets of dry cows in the experimental groups by 10, 20, 30 and 40% had a positive effect on their further milk productivity. During the first 100 days of lactation, they milked 60-180 kg of milk more compared to the control with an increase in fat content by 0.01–0.05%. Also, in the milk of experimental group’s cows, compared with the control, the protein content increased (3.22–3.23% versus 3.14%), and the feed costs per 1 kg of milk in them were lower by 3.5–9.4%. Smaller doses of zinc, manganese, and cobalt contributed better to lengthening the period of prolonged action of their mixed-ligand complexes on the body of lactating cows. The calves’ live weight at the birth in the 4th experimental group exceeded the indicator of their peers from the control group by 2.3 kg or 8.81%, while the calves obtained from cows of the 2nd experimental group prevailed the control by 1.6 kg, or 6, 13 %, from the 3rd experimental group – by 1.8 kg, or 6.90%, and the 4th experimental group – by 1.7 kg, or 6.51%. The duration of the service period in all experimental groups of cows was within the recommended norms and was 87.8 days in the control group, and the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th experimental groups, respectively 84.7 days, 82.2; 80.6 and 83.5 days, respectively, and there was less in control by 3.1–7.1 days or 3.3–8.2%. The insemination index in the cows’ control group was 1.5, and in the experimental one – 1.2–1.4, which is 6.7–20.0% less.
{"title":"Use of mixed ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese and Cobalt in feeding highly productive cows during the late dry period","authors":"V. Bomko, Y. Kropyvka","doi":"10.32819/2021.92014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.92014","url":null,"abstract":"The results of establishing the optimal feeding doses of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt in the form of their mixed-ligand complexes for high-yielding cows of Holstein, Ukrainian Red-Spotted and Ukrainian Black-Spotted dairy breeds during the late dry period were presented, their influence on the future productivity and reproductive qualities of cows were also determined. It was found that lower doses of mixed-ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt in the feed mixture stimulated its consumption better. The cows of the 4th experimental group consumed more of the feed mixture, where the concentration of Zinc and Manganese was 35 mg, and Cobalt – 0.49 mg per 1 kg of DM. At various doses of mixed-ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt, the increase in live weight in cows of the control group was 24.3 kg, and in the experimental groups, it ranged from 23.7 kg to 26.9 kg, which is 8.6% and 10.7% (P < 0,05) more in the 3rd and 4th groups compared with the control. A decrease in the concentration of mixed-ligand complexes of Zinc, Manganese, and Cobalt in the diets of dry cows in the experimental groups by 10, 20, 30 and 40% had a positive effect on their further milk productivity. During the first 100 days of lactation, they milked 60-180 kg of milk more compared to the control with an increase in fat content by 0.01–0.05%. Also, in the milk of experimental group’s cows, compared with the control, the protein content increased (3.22–3.23% versus 3.14%), and the feed costs per 1 kg of milk in them were lower by 3.5–9.4%. Smaller doses of zinc, manganese, and cobalt contributed better to lengthening the period of prolonged action of their mixed-ligand complexes on the body of lactating cows. The calves’ live weight at the birth in the 4th experimental group exceeded the indicator of their peers from the control group by 2.3 kg or 8.81%, while the calves obtained from cows of the 2nd experimental group prevailed the control by 1.6 kg, or 6, 13 %, from the 3rd experimental group – by 1.8 kg, or 6.90%, and the 4th experimental group – by 1.7 kg, or 6.51%. The duration of the service period in all experimental groups of cows was within the recommended norms and was 87.8 days in the control group, and the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th experimental groups, respectively 84.7 days, 82.2; 80.6 and 83.5 days, respectively, and there was less in control by 3.1–7.1 days or 3.3–8.2%. The insemination index in the cows’ control group was 1.5, and in the experimental one – 1.2–1.4, which is 6.7–20.0% less.","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70175117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Skliarov, S. Fedorenko, O. Onyshchenko, А. М. Pasternak, M. Lieshchova, D. Bilyi, V. Vakulyk, P. Antonenko, R. Mylostyvyi
One of the key issues in solving the problem of mastitis is the therapy efficacy. It is important to find such treatments for animals that, along with pronounced antibacterial and other therapeutic properties, have no negative effects. Therefore, the aim of the work was to develop a method for treating goats with mastitis using ozonized materials – highly effective, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective drugs that have a positive effect on animal’s body and have no side effects. The treatment was carried out with a targeted program motivated by the principle of drug action. The item of the program «Antibiotic therapy» has been replaced by the use of ozone-containing preparations «OKO» (ozonated corn oil) and «Prozon» (ozonated corn oil + alcohol solution of propolis). It was found that for the treatment of goats using «Мastilex», the effectiveness of the therapy was 86.7%, its duration was 5.2 days, and the cost per animal was 55.38 UAH. When using «OKO» treatment efficacy was at the same level – 86.7%, its duration - longer by 0.4 days, and the cost of treating one animal was lower by 31.88 UAH. The use of «Prozon» made it possible to obtain a higher efficiency of treatment – 93.3%, to reduce its duration by 0.6 days and the cost per animal – by 31.3 UAH. The use of «Prozon» with ultraphonophoresis, provided a high therapeutic effect – at the level of 93.3%, a decrease in the duration of treatment – up to 3.7 days and the cost of treating one animal – up to 25.18 UAH. Thus, ozone therapy is becoming increasingly common in veterinary practice, including reproductive pathologies and, in particular, for the treatment of animals with mastitis. Ozone does not affect the quality of livestock products and therefore is safe for humans. Hence, the use of ozone makes it possible to replace antibiotics in the treatment plan of goats with mastitis without reducing the therapeutic and cost-effectiveness and can be recommended for practice.
{"title":"The effectiveness of ozone therapy in goats with mastitis","authors":"P. Skliarov, S. Fedorenko, O. Onyshchenko, А. М. Pasternak, M. Lieshchova, D. Bilyi, V. Vakulyk, P. Antonenko, R. Mylostyvyi","doi":"10.32819/2021.91004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.91004","url":null,"abstract":"One of the key issues in solving the problem of mastitis is the therapy efficacy. It is important to find such treatments for animals that, along with pronounced antibacterial and other therapeutic properties, have no negative effects. Therefore, the aim of the work was to develop a method for treating goats with mastitis using ozonized materials – highly effective, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective drugs that have a positive effect on animal’s body and have no side effects. The treatment was carried out with a targeted program motivated by the principle of drug action. The item of the program «Antibiotic therapy» has been replaced by the use of ozone-containing preparations «OKO» (ozonated corn oil) and «Prozon» (ozonated corn oil + alcohol solution of propolis). It was found that for the treatment of goats using «Мastilex», the effectiveness of the therapy was 86.7%, its duration was 5.2 days, and the cost per animal was 55.38 UAH. When using «OKO» treatment efficacy was at the same level – 86.7%, its duration - longer by 0.4 days, and the cost of treating one animal was lower by 31.88 UAH. The use of «Prozon» made it possible to obtain a higher efficiency of treatment – 93.3%, to reduce its duration by 0.6 days and the cost per animal – by 31.3 UAH. The use of «Prozon» with ultraphonophoresis, provided a high therapeutic effect – at the level of 93.3%, a decrease in the duration of treatment – up to 3.7 days and the cost of treating one animal – up to 25.18 UAH. Thus, ozone therapy is becoming increasingly common in veterinary practice, including reproductive pathologies and, in particular, for the treatment of animals with mastitis. Ozone does not affect the quality of livestock products and therefore is safe for humans. Hence, the use of ozone makes it possible to replace antibiotics in the treatment plan of goats with mastitis without reducing the therapeutic and cost-effectiveness and can be recommended for practice.","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70175216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A gastric ulcer caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is the second most common after Helicobacter pylori in both humane and veterinary medicine. The urgent need to find alternative drugs that had a minimum number of side effects led to the use of a model pathology that mimics a stomach ulcer. The article presents the results of a study of the effect of Humilid on the healing processes of a model gastric ulcer induced by Ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. The study lasted 21 days. It was found that Ibuprofen at a dose of 400 mg/kg on the 3rd day of the experiment caused damage to the gastric mucosa, namely an ulcer, demonstrated by both macroscopic and histological examination. In the animals of the group where Humilide (5 mg/kg) was used against the background of Ibuprofen-induced ulcers, on day 21 of the experiment, the ulcer score (Ulcer score) was 94% lower (P <0.001) compared to the ulcer score of the same group by 3 - e day of the experiment. And in animals of the group where the ulcer was formed, but Gumilid was not used, the difference in ulcer scores on day 21 of the experiment was 81% (P <0.001) compared to the ulcer score in rats receiving Humilid. A histological study showed that in animals of the group receiving Humilid, such indicators as desquamation of the epithelium, erosive and ulcerative destruction, stromal oedema and inflammatory infiltration were 56%, 62%, 30% and 60% (P <0.001) lower, respectively, compared to with a group of model pathology, where it was not received. Thus, it was found that with Ibuprofen-induced gastric ulcer, including Humilide in the general diet of animals in the experimental group, accelerates and improves regenerative processes, namely, the healing of stomach ulcers.
{"title":"Regenerative processes during model gastric ulcer in laboratory rats when using Humilid","authors":"A. Lisna, L. Stepchenko","doi":"10.32819/2021.94026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.94026","url":null,"abstract":"A gastric ulcer caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is the second most common after Helicobacter pylori in both humane and veterinary medicine. The urgent need to find alternative drugs that had a minimum number of side effects led to the use of a model pathology that mimics a stomach ulcer. The article presents the results of a study of the effect of Humilid on the healing processes of a model gastric ulcer induced by Ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. The study lasted 21 days. It was found that Ibuprofen at a dose of 400 mg/kg on the 3rd day of the experiment caused damage to the gastric mucosa, namely an ulcer, demonstrated by both macroscopic and histological examination. In the animals of the group where Humilide (5 mg/kg) was used against the background of Ibuprofen-induced ulcers, on day 21 of the experiment, the ulcer score (Ulcer score) was 94% lower (P <0.001) compared to the ulcer score of the same group by 3 - e day of the experiment. And in animals of the group where the ulcer was formed, but Gumilid was not used, the difference in ulcer scores on day 21 of the experiment was 81% (P <0.001) compared to the ulcer score in rats receiving Humilid. A histological study showed that in animals of the group receiving Humilid, such indicators as desquamation of the epithelium, erosive and ulcerative destruction, stromal oedema and inflammatory infiltration were 56%, 62%, 30% and 60% (P <0.001) lower, respectively, compared to with a group of model pathology, where it was not received. Thus, it was found that with Ibuprofen-induced gastric ulcer, including Humilide in the general diet of animals in the experimental group, accelerates and improves regenerative processes, namely, the healing of stomach ulcers.","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70175454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the conditions of industrial poultry farming, the body of hens is constantly exposed to numerous technological stressors, the least studied of which are long-term ones, that can provoke chronic stress. One such technological stressor is an increase in the level of cage equipment, which is used by producers to obtain a larger amount of products from 1 m2 of poultry area. The aim of this work was to study the physiological state of the hen’s body based on the clinical biochemical analysis of their blood serum, depending on the battery cages height. In the conditions of a modern complex for the production of edible eggs in a poultry house with an area of 2 915 m2, 4 groups of hens were formed, each of them was kept on a separate floor-analogue in terms of area and cage equipment. Each floor was equipped with «Big Dutchman» 3-tier battery cages. Battery cages of each floor were separated from each other by a lattice floor so that cages of 1–3 tiers entered up to the 1st floor, 4–6 tiers – up to the 2nd, 7–9 tiers – up to the 3rd, and 10–12 tiers – up to 4th floor of cage equipment. Biochemical parameters and activity of hens blood serum enzymes were determined on a BioChem FC-360 biochemical analyzer. For this, 30 blood samples with a volume of 1.0–1.5 ml were taken from axillary veins of laying hens in each group at the age of 18 weeks (at the beginning of the study) and at 52 weeks. It was found that increasing the layering of cage equipment does not have a negative impact on the hen’s body. So, for keeping hens in cages of multi-tier battery cages located on floors 2–4 (4–12 tiers), the biochemical status and activity of their blood serum enzymes were within the physiological norm. Whereas, for hens kept in battery cages of the a multi-tiered system on the 1st floor there was an increase in glucose levels of 60.5–71.0%, creatinine – by 9.7–12.3%, phosphorus – 82.6–100.0%, was observed a decrease in calcium to phosphorus ratio 46.7–50.0%, which was confirmed by an increase in the activity of alkaline phosphatase by 22.3–27.0%, as well as an increase in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase by 3.2–13.8%, lactate dehydrogenase - by 48.5–65.1% and gamma-glutamyl transferase – by 16.4–20.6%. It has been proven that the main consequences of chronic stress caused by keeping hens in the lower floor cells of the multi-tiered battery cage are reflected in the biochemical parameters of their serum, namely increased glucose, creatinine, enzyme activity and violation of calcium to phosphorus ratio.
{"title":"Clinical-biochemical status of hens due to changes of battery cages height location","authors":"M. Sakhatsky, Y. Osadcha","doi":"10.32819/2021.93020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.93020","url":null,"abstract":"In the conditions of industrial poultry farming, the body of hens is constantly exposed to numerous technological stressors, the least studied of which are long-term ones, that can provoke chronic stress. One such technological stressor is an increase in the level of cage equipment, which is used by producers to obtain a larger amount of products from 1 m2 of poultry area. The aim of this work was to study the physiological state of the hen’s body based on the clinical biochemical analysis of their blood serum, depending on the battery cages height. In the conditions of a modern complex for the production of edible eggs in a poultry house with an area of 2 915 m2, 4 groups of hens were formed, each of them was kept on a separate floor-analogue in terms of area and cage equipment. Each floor was equipped with «Big Dutchman» 3-tier battery cages. Battery cages of each floor were separated from each other by a lattice floor so that cages of 1–3 tiers entered up to the 1st floor, 4–6 tiers – up to the 2nd, 7–9 tiers – up to the 3rd, and 10–12 tiers – up to 4th floor of cage equipment. Biochemical parameters and activity of hens blood serum enzymes were determined on a BioChem FC-360 biochemical analyzer. For this, 30 blood samples with a volume of 1.0–1.5 ml were taken from axillary veins of laying hens in each group at the age of 18 weeks (at the beginning of the study) and at 52 weeks. It was found that increasing the layering of cage equipment does not have a negative impact on the hen’s body. So, for keeping hens in cages of multi-tier battery cages located on floors 2–4 (4–12 tiers), the biochemical status and activity of their blood serum enzymes were within the physiological norm. Whereas, for hens kept in battery cages of the a multi-tiered system on the 1st floor there was an increase in glucose levels of 60.5–71.0%, creatinine – by 9.7–12.3%, phosphorus – 82.6–100.0%, was observed a decrease in calcium to phosphorus ratio 46.7–50.0%, which was confirmed by an increase in the activity of alkaline phosphatase by 22.3–27.0%, as well as an increase in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase by 3.2–13.8%, lactate dehydrogenase - by 48.5–65.1% and gamma-glutamyl transferase – by 16.4–20.6%. It has been proven that the main consequences of chronic stress caused by keeping hens in the lower floor cells of the multi-tiered battery cage are reflected in the biochemical parameters of their serum, namely increased glucose, creatinine, enzyme activity and violation of calcium to phosphorus ratio.","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70175753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A feature of rabbit gut-associated lymphoid tissue is that its structure is more developed than in other animal species. In rabbits it is composed of sacculus rotundus, vermiform appendix and Peyer’s patches. These immune formations contain an organized component of lymphoid tissue – lymphoid nodules (B-cell zone) and interfollicular region (T-cell). Secondary lymphoid nodules with germinal centers presented in them are formed due to antigen stimulation. The caecum of Hyplus rabbits at the age of 30 -, 60 - and 90-days was investigated. Each age group consisted of 5 rabbits. Experimental rabbits are clinically healthy, unvaccinated and untreated against ecto- and endoparasites. Peyer’s patches of the caecum were selected for the study and fixed in 10% of formalin. Subsequently, the specimens stained with hematoxylin-eosin were prepared from the obtained samples. On the 30th day of life, Peyer’s patches in the cecum were detected by gross examination. On the histological level, they had formed interfollicular region and lymphoid nodules. In turn, lymphoid nodules were divided into primary and secondary ones. A well-defined mantle zone and germinal centers were observed in the secondary lymphoid nodules. The regularities of their area indicators increase (mean value, median and interquartile range (IQR)) and their correlation were studied. The most intensive growth of the mantle area and the germinal center was observed from the 30th to the 60th day. The relative area of the mantle zone and the germinal center as part of the secondary lymphoid nodule was determined. Its value did not change during the experimental period.
{"title":"Functional zones of Peyer’s patch (PPs) in rabbits’ caecum","authors":"M. Nikitina, M. Kravtsova, A. A. Bohomaz","doi":"10.32819/2021.92013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32819/2021.92013","url":null,"abstract":"A feature of rabbit gut-associated lymphoid tissue is that its structure is more developed than in other animal species. In rabbits it is composed of sacculus rotundus, vermiform appendix and Peyer’s patches. These immune formations contain an organized component of lymphoid tissue – lymphoid nodules (B-cell zone) and interfollicular region (T-cell). Secondary lymphoid nodules with germinal centers presented in them are formed due to antigen stimulation. The caecum of Hyplus rabbits at the age of 30 -, 60 - and 90-days was investigated. Each age group consisted of 5 rabbits. Experimental rabbits are clinically healthy, unvaccinated and untreated against ecto- and endoparasites. Peyer’s patches of the caecum were selected for the study and fixed in 10% of formalin. Subsequently, the specimens stained with hematoxylin-eosin were prepared from the obtained samples. On the 30th day of life, Peyer’s patches in the cecum were detected by gross examination. On the histological level, they had formed interfollicular region and lymphoid nodules. In turn, lymphoid nodules were divided into primary and secondary ones. A well-defined mantle zone and germinal centers were observed in the secondary lymphoid nodules. The regularities of their area indicators increase (mean value, median and interquartile range (IQR)) and their correlation were studied. The most intensive growth of the mantle area and the germinal center was observed from the 30th to the 60th day. The relative area of the mantle zone and the germinal center as part of the secondary lymphoid nodule was determined. Its value did not change during the experimental period.","PeriodicalId":33793,"journal":{"name":"Theoretical and Applied Veterinary Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70174989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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