Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2024.1310590
Ghazal Shabestanipour, Z. Brodeur, Benjamin Manoli, Abigail Birnbaum, S. Steinschneider, Jonathan R Lamontagne
Water resources planning and management requires the estimation of extreme design events. Anticipated climate change is playing an increasingly prominent role in the planning and design of long-lived infrastructure, as changes to climate forcings are expected to alter the distribution of extremes in ways and to extents that are difficult to predict. One approach is to use climate projections to force hydrologic models, but this raises two challenges. First, global climate models generally focus on much larger scales than are relevant to hydrologic design, and regional climate models that better capture small scale dynamics are too computationally expensive for large ensemble analyses. Second, hydrologic models systematically misrepresent the variance and higher moments of streamflow response to climate, resulting in a mischaracterization of the extreme flows of most interest. To address both issues, we propose a new framework for non-stationary risk-based hydrologic design that combines a stochastic weather generator (SWG) that accurately replicates basin-scale weather and a stochastic watershed model (SWM) that accurately represents the distribution of extreme flows. The joint SWG-SWM framework can generate large ensembles of future hydrologic simulations under varying climate conditions, from which design statistics and their uncertainties can be estimated. The SWG-SWM framework is demonstrated for the Squannacook River in the Northeast United States. Standard approaches to design flows, like the T-year flood, are difficult to interpret under non-stationarity, but the SWG-SWM simulations can readily be adapted to risk and reliability metrics which bare the same interpretation under stationary and non-stationary conditions. As an example, we provide an analysis comparing the use of risk and more traditional T-year design events, and conclude that risk-based metrics have the potential to reduce regret of over- and under-design compared to traditional return-period based analyses.
水资源规划和管理需要对极端设计事件进行估算。预期气候变化在长寿命基础设施的规划和设计中发挥着越来越重要的作用，因为气候作用力的变化预计会以难以预测的方式和程度改变极端事件的分布。一种方法是利用气候预测来推动水文模型，但这会带来两个挑战。首先，全球气候模型通常关注的尺度要比水文设计相关的尺度大得多，而更好地捕捉小尺度动态的区域气候模型在进行大型集合分析时计算成本太高。其次，水文模型系统性地错误反映了溪流对气候响应的方差和高矩阵，导致对最感兴趣的极端流量的错误描述。为了解决这两个问题，我们提出了一个基于非稳态风险的水文设计新框架，该框架结合了精确复制流域尺度天气的随机天气生成器（SWG）和精确表示极端流量分布的随机流域模型（SWM）。SWG-SWM 联合框架可在不同气候条件下生成大量未来水文模拟集合，并从中估算出设计统计数据及其不确定性。SWG-SWM 框架在美国东北部的 Squannacook 河上进行了演示。设计流量的标准方法，如 T 年洪水，在非稳态条件下很难解释，但 SWG-SWM 模拟可以很容易地适应风险和可靠性指标，这些指标在稳态和非稳态条件下具有相同的解释。举例来说，我们分析比较了使用风险和更传统的 T 年设计事件，得出的结论是，与传统的基于回归期的分析相比，基于风险的指标有可能减少过度设计和设计不足的遗憾。
{"title":"Risk-based hydrologic design under climate change using stochastic weather and watershed modeling","authors":"Ghazal Shabestanipour, Z. Brodeur, Benjamin Manoli, Abigail Birnbaum, S. Steinschneider, Jonathan R Lamontagne","doi":"10.3389/frwa.2024.1310590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1310590","url":null,"abstract":"Water resources planning and management requires the estimation of extreme design events. Anticipated climate change is playing an increasingly prominent role in the planning and design of long-lived infrastructure, as changes to climate forcings are expected to alter the distribution of extremes in ways and to extents that are difficult to predict. One approach is to use climate projections to force hydrologic models, but this raises two challenges. First, global climate models generally focus on much larger scales than are relevant to hydrologic design, and regional climate models that better capture small scale dynamics are too computationally expensive for large ensemble analyses. Second, hydrologic models systematically misrepresent the variance and higher moments of streamflow response to climate, resulting in a mischaracterization of the extreme flows of most interest. To address both issues, we propose a new framework for non-stationary risk-based hydrologic design that combines a stochastic weather generator (SWG) that accurately replicates basin-scale weather and a stochastic watershed model (SWM) that accurately represents the distribution of extreme flows. The joint SWG-SWM framework can generate large ensembles of future hydrologic simulations under varying climate conditions, from which design statistics and their uncertainties can be estimated. The SWG-SWM framework is demonstrated for the Squannacook River in the Northeast United States. Standard approaches to design flows, like the T-year flood, are difficult to interpret under non-stationarity, but the SWG-SWM simulations can readily be adapted to risk and reliability metrics which bare the same interpretation under stationary and non-stationary conditions. As an example, we provide an analysis comparing the use of risk and more traditional T-year design events, and conclude that risk-based metrics have the potential to reduce regret of over- and under-design compared to traditional return-period based analyses.","PeriodicalId":33801,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140224221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2024.1375523
S. Ferencz, Adam Mangel, Frederick Day-Lewis
Water management in snowmelt hydrologic regimes, characterized by large annual fluctuations in stream flow driven by seasonal snow melt, faces the challenge of highly variable supply that often does not align with timing of demand. Climate change may exacerbate management challenges by significantly reducing snowpack or shifting snow melt earlier. Here, managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is evaluated as a potential strategy to reallocate excess early-season stream flow to time periods when less surface water is available. This strategy differs from traditional MAR, where the goal is to minimize loss to surface water. We assess how to site MAR operations such that groundwater recharge flows back to the surface water system in a lagged manor to benefit water management objectives, which we term “enhanced baseflow.” We use a regional groundwater model for the Treasure Valley aquifer located in southwestern Idaho, United States to demonstrate a generalizable approach using regional groundwater models as tools to identify favorable baseflow enhancement locations. Hypothetical MAR is simulated at 197 candidate locations, which are then evaluated for how effectively they meet potential management objectives. In addition to demonstrating the modeling and evaluation approach, we discuss lessons learned from applying a pre-existing regional groundwater model to MAR for enhanced baseflow and also describe important considerations, such as the physical and institutional availability of surface flows and specific management objectives, when assessing regional and site-specific suitability of MAR for enhanced baseflow as a potential management strategy.
融雪型水文系统的特点是季节性融雪导致河水流量每年波动很大，其水资源管理面临着供应量变化很大的挑战，供应量往往与需求量的时间不一致。气候变化可能会大幅减少积雪量或提前融雪时间，从而加剧管理方面的挑战。在此，对含水层管理补给（MAR）进行了评估，将其作为一种潜在的策略，将早季多余的河水流量重新分配到地表水较少的时段。这种策略不同于传统的蓄水补给策略，后者的目标是尽量减少地表水的损失。我们评估了如何选择 MAR 运行方式，使地下水补给滞后流回地表水系统，以实现水资源管理目标，我们称之为 "增强基流"。我们使用位于美国爱达荷州西南部金银谷含水层的区域地下水模型，展示了一种以区域地下水模型为工具来确定有利基流增强位置的通用方法。在 197 个候选地点模拟了假想 MAR，然后对这些地点满足潜在管理目标的有效性进行了评估。除了演示建模和评估方法外，我们还讨论了将已有的区域地下水模型应用于 MAR 以增强基流的经验教训，并介绍了在评估区域和具体地点是否适合将 MAR 增强基流作为潜在管理策略时需要考虑的重要因素，如地表流的物理和机构可用性以及具体的管理目标。
{"title":"Managed aquifer recharge as a strategy to redistribute excess surface flow to baseflow in snowmelt hydrologic regimes","authors":"S. Ferencz, Adam Mangel, Frederick Day-Lewis","doi":"10.3389/frwa.2024.1375523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1375523","url":null,"abstract":"Water management in snowmelt hydrologic regimes, characterized by large annual fluctuations in stream flow driven by seasonal snow melt, faces the challenge of highly variable supply that often does not align with timing of demand. Climate change may exacerbate management challenges by significantly reducing snowpack or shifting snow melt earlier. Here, managed aquifer recharge (MAR) is evaluated as a potential strategy to reallocate excess early-season stream flow to time periods when less surface water is available. This strategy differs from traditional MAR, where the goal is to minimize loss to surface water. We assess how to site MAR operations such that groundwater recharge flows back to the surface water system in a lagged manor to benefit water management objectives, which we term “enhanced baseflow.” We use a regional groundwater model for the Treasure Valley aquifer located in southwestern Idaho, United States to demonstrate a generalizable approach using regional groundwater models as tools to identify favorable baseflow enhancement locations. Hypothetical MAR is simulated at 197 candidate locations, which are then evaluated for how effectively they meet potential management objectives. In addition to demonstrating the modeling and evaluation approach, we discuss lessons learned from applying a pre-existing regional groundwater model to MAR for enhanced baseflow and also describe important considerations, such as the physical and institutional availability of surface flows and specific management objectives, when assessing regional and site-specific suitability of MAR for enhanced baseflow as a potential management strategy.","PeriodicalId":33801,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140223422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-21DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2024.1296586
Elizabeth Bartuska, R. Beighley
The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission provides near-real time precipitation estimates that can be used for monitoring water supply infrastructure. To better understand the potential use of GPM data products for use in relevant applications, this study examines the performance of the Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) precipitation products throughout North Carolina to capture rainfall events. Event characteristics derived from IMERG precipitation products: early (4 h latency), late (14 h latency), and final (3.5 month latency) are compared to characteristics derived from gauges (N = 282) for the period 2000–2021. Results show that the IMERG data products identify events reasonably well (mean event errors of 6.0, 6.8, and 1.7 mm for early, late, and final products; probability of detection: 0.83, 0.83, 0.86; false alarm ratio: 0.20, 0.18, 0.18, respectively). While the final product performs best, the early and late products perform similarly. While additional research is needed to better understand factors leading to under- and over-estimates of event magnitudes, the findings from this study support the potential use of early/late IMERG data products in water supply monitoring or flood warning systems, where rapid estimates of event precipitation characteristics are needed.
{"title":"Assessing precipitation event characteristics throughout North Carolina derived from GPM IMERG data products","authors":"Elizabeth Bartuska, R. Beighley","doi":"10.3389/frwa.2024.1296586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1296586","url":null,"abstract":"The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission provides near-real time precipitation estimates that can be used for monitoring water supply infrastructure. To better understand the potential use of GPM data products for use in relevant applications, this study examines the performance of the Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) precipitation products throughout North Carolina to capture rainfall events. Event characteristics derived from IMERG precipitation products: early (4 h latency), late (14 h latency), and final (3.5 month latency) are compared to characteristics derived from gauges (N = 282) for the period 2000–2021. Results show that the IMERG data products identify events reasonably well (mean event errors of 6.0, 6.8, and 1.7 mm for early, late, and final products; probability of detection: 0.83, 0.83, 0.86; false alarm ratio: 0.20, 0.18, 0.18, respectively). While the final product performs best, the early and late products perform similarly. While additional research is needed to better understand factors leading to under- and over-estimates of event magnitudes, the findings from this study support the potential use of early/late IMERG data products in water supply monitoring or flood warning systems, where rapid estimates of event precipitation characteristics are needed.","PeriodicalId":33801,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140221184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-19DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2024.1358959
Caterina Cacciatori, Giulio Mariani, S. Comero, Daniela Marin, Maria Cabrera, Jennifer Bon-Tavarnese, Joel Gaggstatter, Simona Tavazzi, Roberta Maffettone, Jackie Myers, Vincent Pettigrove, B. M. Gawlik
To better understand local water quality pollution by organic contaminants and how it affects communities around the world, “The Gems of Water” project aims to build a co-creative global scientist-citizen approach, actively engaging citizens and connecting them to scientists and to advanced water monitoring tools. The project applies the Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction technique with an advanced wide-screening method, used to assess the occurrence of agrochemicals, industrial compounds and pharmaceuticals in surface and groundwaters. In collaboration between Coral Conservation and the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission, a study was conducted to identify contamination patterns which could be affecting the coral reef by investigating water quality in local rivers in the south Caribbean region of Costa Rica, an area characterized by agricultural activities linked to bananas production. Coral Conservation is a youth-led non-governmental organization focused on activities for the conservation and protection of the coral reef. Sampling locations for the study were jointly determined with members of the Coral Conservation group and included 13 sampling points from 3 different rivers and 2 wells. The pilot study allowed evaluation of the workflow for scientist-citizen collection of water quality data, whereby participants from the local community conduct sampling and extraction activities, while the wide-screening analysis of about 230 contaminants is performed at the JRC Water Laboratory. Considering the lessons learned through the Costa Rican pilot case, in this paper we discuss the elements required for successful scientist-citizen projects. Challenges are described and outlooks provided to improve citizens’ engagement projects and others participatory water quality monitoring activities. “The Gems of Water” project contributes to data collection of rarely monitored compounds in rural and remote areas through a scientist-citizen approach, addressing knowledge gaps on water quality and building bridges between science and society. The outlook is for such an innovative approach to support bottom-up management actions which can lead to alternative solutions in water quality management.
{"title":"“The Gems of Water”: a co-created scientist-citizen approach for water quality monitoring","authors":"Caterina Cacciatori, Giulio Mariani, S. Comero, Daniela Marin, Maria Cabrera, Jennifer Bon-Tavarnese, Joel Gaggstatter, Simona Tavazzi, Roberta Maffettone, Jackie Myers, Vincent Pettigrove, B. M. Gawlik","doi":"10.3389/frwa.2024.1358959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1358959","url":null,"abstract":"To better understand local water quality pollution by organic contaminants and how it affects communities around the world, “The Gems of Water” project aims to build a co-creative global scientist-citizen approach, actively engaging citizens and connecting them to scientists and to advanced water monitoring tools. The project applies the Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction technique with an advanced wide-screening method, used to assess the occurrence of agrochemicals, industrial compounds and pharmaceuticals in surface and groundwaters. In collaboration between Coral Conservation and the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission, a study was conducted to identify contamination patterns which could be affecting the coral reef by investigating water quality in local rivers in the south Caribbean region of Costa Rica, an area characterized by agricultural activities linked to bananas production. Coral Conservation is a youth-led non-governmental organization focused on activities for the conservation and protection of the coral reef. Sampling locations for the study were jointly determined with members of the Coral Conservation group and included 13 sampling points from 3 different rivers and 2 wells. The pilot study allowed evaluation of the workflow for scientist-citizen collection of water quality data, whereby participants from the local community conduct sampling and extraction activities, while the wide-screening analysis of about 230 contaminants is performed at the JRC Water Laboratory. Considering the lessons learned through the Costa Rican pilot case, in this paper we discuss the elements required for successful scientist-citizen projects. Challenges are described and outlooks provided to improve citizens’ engagement projects and others participatory water quality monitoring activities. “The Gems of Water” project contributes to data collection of rarely monitored compounds in rural and remote areas through a scientist-citizen approach, addressing knowledge gaps on water quality and building bridges between science and society. The outlook is for such an innovative approach to support bottom-up management actions which can lead to alternative solutions in water quality management.","PeriodicalId":33801,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140229201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2024.1362701
Francesca Cutrupi, Adriana Dorota Osinska, Iftita Rahmatika, J. S. Afolayan, Yulija Vystavna, O. Mahjoub, Jorge I. Cifuentes, Denise Pezzutto, W. Muziasari
The global threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is now increasingly recognized for the danger posed by its environmental spread. Aquatic environments and wastewater represent a significant diffusion and selection pathway for antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARGs and ARBs). During a collaborative hackathon event, the “Innovation Workshop on Water Quality Monitoring & Assessment,” held in September 2023, experts addressed four challenges related to water quality, including the challenge of globalization AMR surveillance in water. This paper, derived from the workshop findings, proposes a globally adaptable model for antimicrobial resistance surveillance intended as an advance to improve future monitoring systems. The new framework aims to address significant challenges, such as the lack of standardized methodological approaches or lack of funding, coordination, and awareness across a short-, medium- and long-term plan, integrating sustainability concepts, extending participation and monitoring capacity of countries, and offering efficient solutions. This vision is first articulated by creating a technical committee that promotes awareness of antimicrobial resistance and develops a single data management and communication platform. Subsequently, by developing local, national, and international policies, centralized laboratories will be established at the regional level, and built based on existing realities. These laboratories will include facilities to make the management of analyses more efficient, from sampling to reporting the final result. In the long term, activities that allow the maintenance of the created framework and continuous technological development and advancement will be promoted. All this will be achieved in collaboration with national and supranational bodies that are already addressing the issue at a global level.
抗菌素耐药性（AMR）对全球的威胁现在越来越被人们认识到其环境传播所带来的危险。水生环境和废水是抗生素耐药基因和抗生素耐药细菌（ARGs 和 ARBs）扩散和选择的重要途径。在 2023 年 9 月举行的 "水质监测与评估创新研讨会"（Innovation Workshop on Water Quality Monitoring & Assessment）这一合作性黑客马拉松活动中，专家们探讨了与水质有关的四大挑战，其中包括水质中 AMR 监测的全球化挑战。本文根据研讨会的讨论结果，提出了一个全球适应性抗菌素耐药性监测模型，旨在推动改进未来的监测系统。新框架旨在解决一些重大挑战，如缺乏标准化的方法或缺乏短期、中期和长期计划的资金、协调和意识，整合可持续性概念，扩大各国的参与和监测能力，并提供高效的解决方案。这一愿景首先通过建立一个技术委员会来实现，该委员会负责提高对抗菌素耐药性的认识，并开发一个单一的数据管理和交流平台。随后，通过制定地方、国家和国际政策，在地区一级建立中央实验室，并根据现有实际情况进行建设。这些实验室将包括提高分析管理效率的设施，从采样到报告最终结果。从长远来看，将推动开展各种活动，以维护已建立的框架，并促进技术的不断发展和进步。所有这一切都将通过与已经在全球范围内解决这一问题的国家和超国家机构的合作来实现。
{"title":"Towards monitoring the invisible threat: a global approach for tackling AMR in water resources and environment","authors":"Francesca Cutrupi, Adriana Dorota Osinska, Iftita Rahmatika, J. S. Afolayan, Yulija Vystavna, O. Mahjoub, Jorge I. Cifuentes, Denise Pezzutto, W. Muziasari","doi":"10.3389/frwa.2024.1362701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1362701","url":null,"abstract":"The global threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is now increasingly recognized for the danger posed by its environmental spread. Aquatic environments and wastewater represent a significant diffusion and selection pathway for antibiotic resistance genes and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARGs and ARBs). During a collaborative hackathon event, the “Innovation Workshop on Water Quality Monitoring & Assessment,” held in September 2023, experts addressed four challenges related to water quality, including the challenge of globalization AMR surveillance in water. This paper, derived from the workshop findings, proposes a globally adaptable model for antimicrobial resistance surveillance intended as an advance to improve future monitoring systems. The new framework aims to address significant challenges, such as the lack of standardized methodological approaches or lack of funding, coordination, and awareness across a short-, medium- and long-term plan, integrating sustainability concepts, extending participation and monitoring capacity of countries, and offering efficient solutions. This vision is first articulated by creating a technical committee that promotes awareness of antimicrobial resistance and develops a single data management and communication platform. Subsequently, by developing local, national, and international policies, centralized laboratories will be established at the regional level, and built based on existing realities. These laboratories will include facilities to make the management of analyses more efficient, from sampling to reporting the final result. In the long term, activities that allow the maintenance of the created framework and continuous technological development and advancement will be promoted. All this will be achieved in collaboration with national and supranational bodies that are already addressing the issue at a global level.","PeriodicalId":33801,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140234651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2024.1255883
Kyungdoe Han, John L. Wilson
The intricate interplay between climate and tectonics profoundly shapes landscapes over time frames surpassing 10 million years. Active tectonic processes and climatic shifts unsettle established drainage systems, instigating fragmentation or amalgamation of watersheds. These activities yield substantial transformation in surface hydrologic connectivity, thereby underlining the profound influence of these tectonic and climatic forces on the evolution of both landscape and hydrology. Such transformations within the hydrological landscape have direct implications for the evolution of aquatic species. As connections among aquatic habitats undergo reconfiguration, they incite shifts in species distribution and adaptive responses. These findings underscore the role of tectonics and climate in not only sculpting the physical landscape but also steering the course of biological evolution within these dynamically changing aquatic ecosystems relying on hydrologic connections. Despite the significance of these interactions, scholarly literature seldom examines alterations in hydrologic connectivity over tectonic, or orogen-scale, timescales. This study aims to bridge this gap, exploring changes in hydrologic connectivity over extended periods by simulating a continental rift system akin to the Rio Grande Rift, USA, subject to various tectonoclimatic scenarios. Multiple rift basins hosting large lakes, brought into existence by active tectonic extension, are further molded by tectonic extension and post-rift climatic changes. The study focuses on phenomena such as interbasin river breakthroughs and knickpoint generation, assembling a time-series of connectivity metrics based on stream network characteristics such as flow rate, flow distance, and captured drainage areas. We anticipate that the insights gleaned from this study will enhance our comprehension of the enduring impact of tectonic and climate processes on hydrologic connectivity and the subsequent evolution of aquatic species.
{"title":"Deciphering the interplay between tectonic and climatic forces on hydrologic connectivity in the evolving landscapes","authors":"Kyungdoe Han, John L. Wilson","doi":"10.3389/frwa.2024.1255883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1255883","url":null,"abstract":"The intricate interplay between climate and tectonics profoundly shapes landscapes over time frames surpassing 10 million years. Active tectonic processes and climatic shifts unsettle established drainage systems, instigating fragmentation or amalgamation of watersheds. These activities yield substantial transformation in surface hydrologic connectivity, thereby underlining the profound influence of these tectonic and climatic forces on the evolution of both landscape and hydrology. Such transformations within the hydrological landscape have direct implications for the evolution of aquatic species. As connections among aquatic habitats undergo reconfiguration, they incite shifts in species distribution and adaptive responses. These findings underscore the role of tectonics and climate in not only sculpting the physical landscape but also steering the course of biological evolution within these dynamically changing aquatic ecosystems relying on hydrologic connections. Despite the significance of these interactions, scholarly literature seldom examines alterations in hydrologic connectivity over tectonic, or orogen-scale, timescales. This study aims to bridge this gap, exploring changes in hydrologic connectivity over extended periods by simulating a continental rift system akin to the Rio Grande Rift, USA, subject to various tectonoclimatic scenarios. Multiple rift basins hosting large lakes, brought into existence by active tectonic extension, are further molded by tectonic extension and post-rift climatic changes. The study focuses on phenomena such as interbasin river breakthroughs and knickpoint generation, assembling a time-series of connectivity metrics based on stream network characteristics such as flow rate, flow distance, and captured drainage areas. We anticipate that the insights gleaned from this study will enhance our comprehension of the enduring impact of tectonic and climate processes on hydrologic connectivity and the subsequent evolution of aquatic species.","PeriodicalId":33801,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140239926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2024.1338534
Bowen He, Han Zheng, Qun Guan
The water-energy-food (WEF) nexus has emerged as a critical research interest to support integrated resource planning, management, and security. For this reason, many tools have been developed recently to evaluate the WEF nexus security and monitor progress toward the WEF-related sustainable development goals. Among these, calculating the WEF composite index model is critical since it can provide a quantitative approach to demonstrate the WEF nexus security status. However, the current WEF nexus index model framework needs to include the incorporation of governance indicators, neglecting the importance of governance in the WEF nexus framework. Thus, this article develops a new WEF nexus composite index model that incorporates governance indicators in each subpillar. The principal component analysis (PCA) is adopted to reduce the variables’ collinearity and the model’s dimensionality. A quasi-Monte Carlo-based uncertainty and global sensitivity analysis are applied to the index model to assess its effectiveness. Finally, the new WEF index model is applied to the 16 South African Development Community (SADC) countries as a case study. A critical synergy effect within the WEF nexus framework is identified that nations with better WEF governance ability tend to perform better in improving the WEF accessibility capability, suggesting the importance of governance in the WEF nexus security framework.
{"title":"Toward revolutionizing water-energy-food nexus composite index model: from availability, accessibility, and governance","authors":"Bowen He, Han Zheng, Qun Guan","doi":"10.3389/frwa.2024.1338534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1338534","url":null,"abstract":"The water-energy-food (WEF) nexus has emerged as a critical research interest to support integrated resource planning, management, and security. For this reason, many tools have been developed recently to evaluate the WEF nexus security and monitor progress toward the WEF-related sustainable development goals. Among these, calculating the WEF composite index model is critical since it can provide a quantitative approach to demonstrate the WEF nexus security status. However, the current WEF nexus index model framework needs to include the incorporation of governance indicators, neglecting the importance of governance in the WEF nexus framework. Thus, this article develops a new WEF nexus composite index model that incorporates governance indicators in each subpillar. The principal component analysis (PCA) is adopted to reduce the variables’ collinearity and the model’s dimensionality. A quasi-Monte Carlo-based uncertainty and global sensitivity analysis are applied to the index model to assess its effectiveness. Finally, the new WEF index model is applied to the 16 South African Development Community (SADC) countries as a case study. A critical synergy effect within the WEF nexus framework is identified that nations with better WEF governance ability tend to perform better in improving the WEF accessibility capability, suggesting the importance of governance in the WEF nexus security framework.","PeriodicalId":33801,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140246312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2024.1211629
Celio Bermann, Sonia Maria G.L. Hermsdorff
This study analyzes whether the low rate of universalizing water supply and sanitation services in Brazil is related to the low participation of private companies in the concession of these services in municipalities in the country. To this end, it discusses basic sanitation in Brazil and its current scenario, its problems from the point of view of environmental injustice, and the existing public/private conflicts. The empirical analysis conducted a data survey of eight municipalities defined in four population groups, comparing data from 13 operational, efficiency, quality, and cost indicators of the services provided. Each population group compared two municipalities providing water and sewerage services, one provided by a public company and the other by a private company. The compared data were from 2021, obtained through the Brazilian National Sanitation Information System (SNIS). As a result of the comparative analyses, it was shown that the performance of public companies was more positive for most indicators, compared to private companies. It is concluded that the main challenge to overcome the social and environmental injustice resulting from the deficit in basic sanitation coverage lies in the promotion of public management instruments that enable the articulation of public and private investments in the expansion of basic sanitation services, in the improvement of the quality of services with the inclusion of social control through popular participation.
{"title":"Environmental injustice in the privatization of Brazilian sanitation: an empirical analysis","authors":"Celio Bermann, Sonia Maria G.L. Hermsdorff","doi":"10.3389/frwa.2024.1211629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1211629","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes whether the low rate of universalizing water supply and sanitation services in Brazil is related to the low participation of private companies in the concession of these services in municipalities in the country. To this end, it discusses basic sanitation in Brazil and its current scenario, its problems from the point of view of environmental injustice, and the existing public/private conflicts. The empirical analysis conducted a data survey of eight municipalities defined in four population groups, comparing data from 13 operational, efficiency, quality, and cost indicators of the services provided. Each population group compared two municipalities providing water and sewerage services, one provided by a public company and the other by a private company. The compared data were from 2021, obtained through the Brazilian National Sanitation Information System (SNIS). As a result of the comparative analyses, it was shown that the performance of public companies was more positive for most indicators, compared to private companies. It is concluded that the main challenge to overcome the social and environmental injustice resulting from the deficit in basic sanitation coverage lies in the promotion of public management instruments that enable the articulation of public and private investments in the expansion of basic sanitation services, in the improvement of the quality of services with the inclusion of social control through popular participation.","PeriodicalId":33801,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140254442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-06DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2024.1039240
Ritu Priya
In modern ways of “knowing water,” some narratives have gained greater acceptance than others. Mass media is a major component of the complex cultural process through which such narratives are created and sustained. This article elucidates vernacular print media as the site of the construction of the dominant water meanings. Taking the case study of Hindustan, a popular Hindi newspaper from Bihar, India, this article analyzes patterns of media reporting and the resulting discourse development on water management. Newspaper articles reporting on water issues were collected for the three monsoon months of July, August, and September, 2019. The sample was taken for the monsoon season when floods and other water-related events are expected to be more heavily reported in the news. A total of 376 news items were found to report on water, in which seven major themes of reporting were identified. Second, discourse analysis was carried out on the 139 articles under the theme “monsoon floods.” These news items were analyzed according to five aspects: (i) spatial outlook; (ii) holistic approach; (iii) fact-based reporting; (iv) flood mitigation; and (v) gender-balanced reporting. Monsoon floods were the most frequently reported theme. Articles reported on both damage due to floods and the measures of flood management. It was found that news items present a spatially disconnected and parochial pattern of reporting. News stories focused more on the short-term impacts of floods than on the underlying policy problems. Fact-based reporting was limited. News items on flood mitigation were favorable to structural interventions, particularly, and embankments. The gender lens was completely absent from the study. Through this pattern of reporting, the news items created two narratives. Firstly, the news items frame floods as unwelcome disasters that are exacerbated by rainfall in the catchment areas of the upper riparian country Nepal and sluggish discharge from the Farakka Barrage. Secondly, news items also reported on the interlinking of rivers and the construction of embankments as favorable methods of flood control. This article problematizes these narratives and suggests a counter in terms of “living with floods.” Some suggestions for more nuanced and diversified reporting on the topic are discussed.
{"title":"Reframing the narrative: an analysis of print media reporting on Bihar floods","authors":"Ritu Priya","doi":"10.3389/frwa.2024.1039240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1039240","url":null,"abstract":"In modern ways of “knowing water,” some narratives have gained greater acceptance than others. Mass media is a major component of the complex cultural process through which such narratives are created and sustained. This article elucidates vernacular print media as the site of the construction of the dominant water meanings. Taking the case study of Hindustan, a popular Hindi newspaper from Bihar, India, this article analyzes patterns of media reporting and the resulting discourse development on water management. Newspaper articles reporting on water issues were collected for the three monsoon months of July, August, and September, 2019. The sample was taken for the monsoon season when floods and other water-related events are expected to be more heavily reported in the news. A total of 376 news items were found to report on water, in which seven major themes of reporting were identified. Second, discourse analysis was carried out on the 139 articles under the theme “monsoon floods.” These news items were analyzed according to five aspects: (i) spatial outlook; (ii) holistic approach; (iii) fact-based reporting; (iv) flood mitigation; and (v) gender-balanced reporting. Monsoon floods were the most frequently reported theme. Articles reported on both damage due to floods and the measures of flood management. It was found that news items present a spatially disconnected and parochial pattern of reporting. News stories focused more on the short-term impacts of floods than on the underlying policy problems. Fact-based reporting was limited. News items on flood mitigation were favorable to structural interventions, particularly, and embankments. The gender lens was completely absent from the study. Through this pattern of reporting, the news items created two narratives. Firstly, the news items frame floods as unwelcome disasters that are exacerbated by rainfall in the catchment areas of the upper riparian country Nepal and sluggish discharge from the Farakka Barrage. Secondly, news items also reported on the interlinking of rivers and the construction of embankments as favorable methods of flood control. This article problematizes these narratives and suggests a counter in terms of “living with floods.” Some suggestions for more nuanced and diversified reporting on the topic are discussed.","PeriodicalId":33801,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140262362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-05DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2024.1389030
Melissa Haeffner, Rebecca Lave, Jamie Linton, Jenia Mukherjee, John Ndiritu, Raul Pacheco-Vega, Maria Rusca, M. Zwarteveen
{"title":"Editorial: Innovating a new knowledge base for water justice studies: hydrosocial, sociohydrology, and beyond","authors":"Melissa Haeffner, Rebecca Lave, Jamie Linton, Jenia Mukherjee, John Ndiritu, Raul Pacheco-Vega, Maria Rusca, M. Zwarteveen","doi":"10.3389/frwa.2024.1389030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2024.1389030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33801,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140265029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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