The subject of the paper includes the socio-criminological aspect of the development of criminal sanctions through the periods of state transformation of the Republic of Serbia from 1945 to 2019. The hypothetical assumption that started in the paper was that in the seventy-four-year period of functioning and action of Serbia, traditional criminal sanctions (imprisonment and suspended sentence) dominated and that due to social changes, the introduction of alternative criminal sanctions was delayed. The historical, statistical and comparative methods, as well as the operational method of document content analysis were applied in the research. The most significant finding in the paper is that in the first 32 years, a prison sentence dominated, and in the next 42 years, a suspended sentence. There was no mass application of punishment: suspended sentence with protective supervision, punishment of work in the public interest, fine and other alternative sanctions, which only seemingly satisfied the principle of fairness and proportionality.
{"title":"Criminal sanctions in Serbia from 1945 to 2019","authors":"D. Lazić, A. Danilović","doi":"10.5937/bastina32-36583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/bastina32-36583","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the paper includes the socio-criminological aspect of the development of criminal sanctions through the periods of state transformation of the Republic of Serbia from 1945 to 2019. The hypothetical assumption that started in the paper was that in the seventy-four-year period of functioning and action of Serbia, traditional criminal sanctions (imprisonment and suspended sentence) dominated and that due to social changes, the introduction of alternative criminal sanctions was delayed. The historical, statistical and comparative methods, as well as the operational method of document content analysis were applied in the research. The most significant finding in the paper is that in the first 32 years, a prison sentence dominated, and in the next 42 years, a suspended sentence. There was no mass application of punishment: suspended sentence with protective supervision, punishment of work in the public interest, fine and other alternative sanctions, which only seemingly satisfied the principle of fairness and proportionality.","PeriodicalId":33857,"journal":{"name":"Bastina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71208387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a writer who read and followed the contemporary literature and literary theory in several different languages and who intensively contemplated the act of reading and thematised it in his belletristic prose, Kiš had already problematised in his novel The Attic the most important aspects of reading, brought to light and actualised by the classical literature and placed at the centre of research by the post-classical theory of narration: the first person narration and the problem of identity of the author's I, the use of the trompe-l'œil technique, transgression of the narrative levels/narrative worlds and narrative metalepsis, the boundary between life and literature etc. The author of this paper focuses its research on the reader and the narrative metalepsis in Danilo Kiš's first romanesque novel. The first part is dedicated to the definitions of narrative metalepsis in the contemporary theoretical studies (from Gérard Genette to John Pier), the second one to the types of metalepsis in The Attic, and the third one to the Kiš's implicit concept of the good (informed, educated, empathic, immersed ) reader: the reader of The Attic and the reader in The Attic, the problem of duality, that is, the multiplication of identity of the author's I and the relation between life and literature, which is an obsessive question of Kiš's poetics. The article "The Reader with a Lamp at the Crossroads" (Kiš's concepts of the reader and Kiš as a reader), which the author of the paper published in the previous edition of the journal Baština, deals with the status and types of readers in the poetics of Danilo Kiš, therefore, this paper represents a continuation and intensification of the research in that direction.
{"title":"The reader and the narrative metalepsis in the novel 'The Attic' by Danilo Kiš","authors":"M. Bečejski","doi":"10.5937/bastina32-36233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/bastina32-36233","url":null,"abstract":"As a writer who read and followed the contemporary literature and literary theory in several different languages and who intensively contemplated the act of reading and thematised it in his belletristic prose, Kiš had already problematised in his novel The Attic the most important aspects of reading, brought to light and actualised by the classical literature and placed at the centre of research by the post-classical theory of narration: the first person narration and the problem of identity of the author's I, the use of the trompe-l'œil technique, transgression of the narrative levels/narrative worlds and narrative metalepsis, the boundary between life and literature etc. The author of this paper focuses its research on the reader and the narrative metalepsis in Danilo Kiš's first romanesque novel. The first part is dedicated to the definitions of narrative metalepsis in the contemporary theoretical studies (from Gérard Genette to John Pier), the second one to the types of metalepsis in The Attic, and the third one to the Kiš's implicit concept of the good (informed, educated, empathic, immersed ) reader: the reader of The Attic and the reader in The Attic, the problem of duality, that is, the multiplication of identity of the author's I and the relation between life and literature, which is an obsessive question of Kiš's poetics. The article \"The Reader with a Lamp at the Crossroads\" (Kiš's concepts of the reader and Kiš as a reader), which the author of the paper published in the previous edition of the journal Baština, deals with the status and types of readers in the poetics of Danilo Kiš, therefore, this paper represents a continuation and intensification of the research in that direction.","PeriodicalId":33857,"journal":{"name":"Bastina","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71208700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the research was to determine the predictive power of parenting styles of parents assessed by adolescents in predicting adolescent psychopathic tendencies. The sample consisted of 270 adolescents aged 16 and 17 from Kosovo and Metohija. The following instruments were used in the research: Questionnaire of parental styles and dimensions - PSDQ and Questionnaire for assessment of psychopathic deviation - PAQ. The results of the research show that adolescents perceive their parents as predominantly authoritative in their upbringing and that they show low psychopathic tendencies. The estimated educational styles of the father by adolescents explain from 8% to 10% of the variance of psychopathic tendencies of adolescents, and as significant predictors are regulation with a negative sign of the b coefficient as an aspect of authoritative educational style, and coercion and verbal hostility as aspects of authoritarian educational style. Estimated adolescent parenting styles by adolescents explain 5% to 8% of the variance in adolescent psychopathic tendencies, but no variable has emerged from the group of predictor variables as a significant predictor.
{"title":"Estimated parental styles as predictors of psychopathic tendencies of adolescents from Kosovo and Metohija","authors":"Miljana S. Pavićević, K. Milutinović","doi":"10.5937/bastina32-36324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/bastina32-36324","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research was to determine the predictive power of parenting styles of parents assessed by adolescents in predicting adolescent psychopathic tendencies. The sample consisted of 270 adolescents aged 16 and 17 from Kosovo and Metohija. The following instruments were used in the research: Questionnaire of parental styles and dimensions - PSDQ and Questionnaire for assessment of psychopathic deviation - PAQ. The results of the research show that adolescents perceive their parents as predominantly authoritative in their upbringing and that they show low psychopathic tendencies. The estimated educational styles of the father by adolescents explain from 8% to 10% of the variance of psychopathic tendencies of adolescents, and as significant predictors are regulation with a negative sign of the b coefficient as an aspect of authoritative educational style, and coercion and verbal hostility as aspects of authoritarian educational style. Estimated adolescent parenting styles by adolescents explain 5% to 8% of the variance in adolescent psychopathic tendencies, but no variable has emerged from the group of predictor variables as a significant predictor.","PeriodicalId":33857,"journal":{"name":"Bastina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71208725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Information and communication technologies (ICT) have already entered many pores of modern society and without it, is difficult to imagine the life of modern man. In this paper, we will point out only on one segment of the application of ICT, and that is in the tourism sector and in the promotion of cultural heritage. Tourism can be a significant generator of income for a country, and it also has the potential to employ a large number of people. The application of ICT and especially the Internet, has greatly changed the way in which information is presented to users and the way in which users access information and how travel is organized. The application of ICT leads to the development of new marketing tools based on the digital platform, such as websites and portals whose content is adapted to computers and mobile phones, as well as increasingly represented advertising through social networks and search engines.
{"title":"The importance of the application on information and communication technologies in the promotion of tourist potentials nad cultural heritage of Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"Z. Stojanović","doi":"10.5937/bastina32-36692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/bastina32-36692","url":null,"abstract":"Information and communication technologies (ICT) have already entered many pores of modern society and without it, is difficult to imagine the life of modern man. In this paper, we will point out only on one segment of the application of ICT, and that is in the tourism sector and in the promotion of cultural heritage. Tourism can be a significant generator of income for a country, and it also has the potential to employ a large number of people. The application of ICT and especially the Internet, has greatly changed the way in which information is presented to users and the way in which users access information and how travel is organized. The application of ICT leads to the development of new marketing tools based on the digital platform, such as websites and portals whose content is adapted to computers and mobile phones, as well as increasingly represented advertising through social networks and search engines.","PeriodicalId":33857,"journal":{"name":"Bastina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71208498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At the end of the 19th century, a large number of local banks were established on a sheregolder basis in the Kingdom of Serbia. Among them was the Niš Cooperative for Credit and Savings. Apart from banking, this institution was also engaged in industrial affairs and was the owner of a brick factory. From 1910, the name of the institution was the Niš Credit Bureau, which operated succsessfully until the outbreak of the Great War. After the end of the war, the bank changed its name again and was called the South Moravian Bank. In order to continue its operations, the Bank recapitalized and the majority owners became shareholders from Belgrade. Within her company, she also had a commodity department and was engaged in trade. Non-banking operations were dominant, which brought the bank into an unfavorable situation with the change of business conditions in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. There were losses due to this type of business, but also because they could not quickly collect receivables from the state, especially from the municipality of Niš. The liquidation that was initiated in 1927 was caused by the losses of the goods department, but also by constant misunderstandings between the shareholders from Niš and Belgrade. Even joint decisions were not implemented, so the shareholders from Niš concluded that further joint work is impossible. That is why they wanted either they to continue working or shareholders from Belgrade. Disagreements between the members of the management and the Liquidation Board did not give a chance for the South Moravian Bank to get out of the problem, so by the end of 1929 it was shut down.
{"title":"South Moravian Bank - Niš (1894 - 1929)","authors":"Ivan Becić","doi":"10.5937/bastina32-35921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/bastina32-35921","url":null,"abstract":"At the end of the 19th century, a large number of local banks were established on a sheregolder basis in the Kingdom of Serbia. Among them was the Niš Cooperative for Credit and Savings. Apart from banking, this institution was also engaged in industrial affairs and was the owner of a brick factory. From 1910, the name of the institution was the Niš Credit Bureau, which operated succsessfully until the outbreak of the Great War. After the end of the war, the bank changed its name again and was called the South Moravian Bank. In order to continue its operations, the Bank recapitalized and the majority owners became shareholders from Belgrade. Within her company, she also had a commodity department and was engaged in trade. Non-banking operations were dominant, which brought the bank into an unfavorable situation with the change of business conditions in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. There were losses due to this type of business, but also because they could not quickly collect receivables from the state, especially from the municipality of Niš. The liquidation that was initiated in 1927 was caused by the losses of the goods department, but also by constant misunderstandings between the shareholders from Niš and Belgrade. Even joint decisions were not implemented, so the shareholders from Niš concluded that further joint work is impossible. That is why they wanted either they to continue working or shareholders from Belgrade. Disagreements between the members of the management and the Liquidation Board did not give a chance for the South Moravian Bank to get out of the problem, so by the end of 1929 it was shut down.","PeriodicalId":33857,"journal":{"name":"Bastina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71208611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conflicts and violence are the worldwide spread phenomena, causes of which are saught both within the child's character and the social settings. Various social interactions encompass a higher possibility of contradistinction of different interests, by which conflicts become an expressive type of social exchange. Violence is in close relation to conflicts in school, which is a complex phenomenon and a state characterized as the use of some force against someone. It is manifested as an urge, anger, hostility, when one wants to control the other person by using power. Taking into account the fact, that there is an increasing number of conflicting and violent behaviors in schools in Serbia, the paper treats the current topic with a focus on the studies of phenomena of conflicts and violence in schools, their causes, forms, consequences, as well as on prevention and social programs of school violence control.
{"title":"Conflicts and violence in contemporary schools","authors":"V. Minić, H. Milenović","doi":"10.5937/bastina32-41010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/bastina32-41010","url":null,"abstract":"Conflicts and violence are the worldwide spread phenomena, causes of which are saught both within the child's character and the social settings. Various social interactions encompass a higher possibility of contradistinction of different interests, by which conflicts become an expressive type of social exchange. Violence is in close relation to conflicts in school, which is a complex phenomenon and a state characterized as the use of some force against someone. It is manifested as an urge, anger, hostility, when one wants to control the other person by using power. Taking into account the fact, that there is an increasing number of conflicting and violent behaviors in schools in Serbia, the paper treats the current topic with a focus on the studies of phenomena of conflicts and violence in schools, their causes, forms, consequences, as well as on prevention and social programs of school violence control.","PeriodicalId":33857,"journal":{"name":"Bastina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71208749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Digital technologies affect the way of life of both individuals and the modern society as a whole. Active participation on social networks directs us to frequent connections with social media. However, the field of electronic media is often a platform for sharing content that does not aim to place true information, but to influence public perception. In order for media users to be able to recognize the goal of media information, it is necessary for them to master knowledge and competencies. Media literacy plays a key role in this. The goal we set in this paper is to determine to a what ectent media literacy is recognized and what is the perception of respondents about how knowledge / ignorance of media literacy affects the culture of critical thinking and willingness of media users to accept cultural diversity. The paper presents a part of the research conducted by the author during 2021, the part related to the impact of media literacy on the goal set in this paper, and presents the results which confirm that a higher degree of mastery of media literacy competencies has a positive effect on a culture of critical thinking, and that a more developed critical capacity to assess information and the media provides a greater opportunity for media users to embrace cultural diversity.
{"title":"The influence of media literacy on the culture of critical thinking","authors":"Borivoje Baltezarević","doi":"10.5937/bastina32-36333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/bastina32-36333","url":null,"abstract":"Digital technologies affect the way of life of both individuals and the modern society as a whole. Active participation on social networks directs us to frequent connections with social media. However, the field of electronic media is often a platform for sharing content that does not aim to place true information, but to influence public perception. In order for media users to be able to recognize the goal of media information, it is necessary for them to master knowledge and competencies. Media literacy plays a key role in this. The goal we set in this paper is to determine to a what ectent media literacy is recognized and what is the perception of respondents about how knowledge / ignorance of media literacy affects the culture of critical thinking and willingness of media users to accept cultural diversity. The paper presents a part of the research conducted by the author during 2021, the part related to the impact of media literacy on the goal set in this paper, and presents the results which confirm that a higher degree of mastery of media literacy competencies has a positive effect on a culture of critical thinking, and that a more developed critical capacity to assess information and the media provides a greater opportunity for media users to embrace cultural diversity.","PeriodicalId":33857,"journal":{"name":"Bastina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71208754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The latent structure of manifest status characteristics has been analyzed on different samples from the Serbian population described by different sets of status variables by means of different methods for analyzing latent structures in several studies conducted in different periods of social, political and economic development. Accordingly, the results obtained from the analyses have been different; however, there have regularly appeared some stable latent structures, such as parents' educational and professional status, respondent's educational and professional status, as well as family's socio-political engagement, residence status and economic status. For the past time, great social, economic and political changes have taken place. These changes have inevitably had some impact on both the configuration of status characteristics and the number and nature of latent status dimensions. This study will present the results obtained during this period of the country's social, political and economic development, in which a representative set of status characteristics describes a representative sports sample from the Serbian population.
{"title":"Social status of athletes with special needs","authors":"Evagelia Boli, Miloš Popović, J. Popović","doi":"10.5937/bastina32-37898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/bastina32-37898","url":null,"abstract":"The latent structure of manifest status characteristics has been analyzed on different samples from the Serbian population described by different sets of status variables by means of different methods for analyzing latent structures in several studies conducted in different periods of social, political and economic development. Accordingly, the results obtained from the analyses have been different; however, there have regularly appeared some stable latent structures, such as parents' educational and professional status, respondent's educational and professional status, as well as family's socio-political engagement, residence status and economic status. For the past time, great social, economic and political changes have taken place. These changes have inevitably had some impact on both the configuration of status characteristics and the number and nature of latent status dimensions. This study will present the results obtained during this period of the country's social, political and economic development, in which a representative set of status characteristics describes a representative sports sample from the Serbian population.","PeriodicalId":33857,"journal":{"name":"Bastina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71208847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work is an attempt to present integrative teaching as an innovative model, to point out its advantages and great possibilities in teaching as well as to determine its application in teaching Nature and society. Our task was to draw attention to the importance of applying integrative model in teaching Nature and society and to the contents of certain spheres of teaching that can be integrated through this teaching subject. Active role of students in the process of teaching is widely insisted upon nowadays, because of which teachers are expected to choose contents, activities or certain models which will be the most efficient in realization of the teaching process. In accordance with the defined topic and the research subject, objects and tasks, as well as the study of relevant literature, we pointed out that the topic is extremely actual and important for teaching Nature and society, especially for theory and practice within the subject. The research showed that contents integration offers teachers the possibility to find authentic ways to join different aspects of the teaching material, by which the contents are interpreted and presented in an interesting and meaningful way.
{"title":"Application of integrative model of developing teaching in the subject nature and society","authors":"D. Cenić, Slađana Vidosavljević","doi":"10.5937/bastina32-38653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/bastina32-38653","url":null,"abstract":"This work is an attempt to present integrative teaching as an innovative model, to point out its advantages and great possibilities in teaching as well as to determine its application in teaching Nature and society. Our task was to draw attention to the importance of applying integrative model in teaching Nature and society and to the contents of certain spheres of teaching that can be integrated through this teaching subject. Active role of students in the process of teaching is widely insisted upon nowadays, because of which teachers are expected to choose contents, activities or certain models which will be the most efficient in realization of the teaching process. In accordance with the defined topic and the research subject, objects and tasks, as well as the study of relevant literature, we pointed out that the topic is extremely actual and important for teaching Nature and society, especially for theory and practice within the subject. The research showed that contents integration offers teachers the possibility to find authentic ways to join different aspects of the teaching material, by which the contents are interpreted and presented in an interesting and meaningful way.","PeriodicalId":33857,"journal":{"name":"Bastina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71208858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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