Tongue injuries in children vary from slight lacerations to complete amputation. It could be due to falls, self-mutilation, epilepsy, child abuse, or sports injuries. The anterior dorsum is the most common site, followed by the mid dorsum and anterior ventral part. These injuries may cause dysfunction of the tongue, hemorrhage, and disfigurement. Management of injuries of the tongue in young children is challenging. There are no established guidelines for managing tongue lacerations. This is a case report of a 3-year-old girl with a laceration on the anterolateral part of the tongue with nonapproximating wound edges. The laceration extended from the dorsal to the ventral part. The parents were apprehensive for the surgical management of the injury due to the age of their daughter. Hence, healing of the injury with conservative management without suturing was achieved. The management of traumatic injuries of the tongue in children is difficult due to their age and cooperation. The pediatrician has to decide whether to heal the tongue by primary or secondary intention. Our decision to allow the healing by secondary intention was successful. The tongue healed without any complications, barring a small scar, with satisfactory esthetic and functional outcome. Both the parents and the child were satisfied with the management of the injury.
{"title":"To Sew or Not to Sew","authors":"Chaitali Hambire, U. Hambire","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_95_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_95_22","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Tongue injuries in children vary from slight lacerations to complete amputation. It could be due to falls, self-mutilation, epilepsy, child abuse, or sports injuries. The anterior dorsum is the most common site, followed by the mid dorsum and anterior ventral part. These injuries may cause dysfunction of the tongue, hemorrhage, and disfigurement. Management of injuries of the tongue in young children is challenging. There are no established guidelines for managing tongue lacerations. This is a case report of a 3-year-old girl with a laceration on the anterolateral part of the tongue with nonapproximating wound edges. The laceration extended from the dorsal to the ventral part. The parents were apprehensive for the surgical management of the injury due to the age of their daughter. Hence, healing of the injury with conservative management without suturing was achieved. The management of traumatic injuries of the tongue in children is difficult due to their age and cooperation. The pediatrician has to decide whether to heal the tongue by primary or secondary intention. Our decision to allow the healing by secondary intention was successful. The tongue healed without any complications, barring a small scar, with satisfactory esthetic and functional outcome. Both the parents and the child were satisfied with the management of the injury.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"393 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140781799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_192_23
P. Rustamadji, Elvan Wiyarta
Breast cancer affects one out of every eight women worldwide. Although the Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) is an important tool for forecasting, its accuracy remains a matter of contention. The Src protein, which has been linked to cancer proliferation and metastasis, may provide improved prognostic information. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between Src expression levels and the NPI in breast cancer patients. From January 2019 to December 2022, breast cancer samples were collected retrospectively. Immunohistochemistry was used to quantify Src expression, followed by digital image analysis using ImageJ software. To assure consistency, expression levels were standardized to a control protein. The samples were then stratified according to their NPI scores, and t-test was used to determine the relationship between Src expression and NPI. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Src expression demonstrated a wide range across the 60 samples analyzed. Although there were no significant associations between Src expression and age, tumor size, or lymphovascular invasion, there was a significant correlation between the NPI and Src expression (P = 0.046). Increased Src expression frequently indicated a worse prognosis. Despite the absence of significant correlations with conventional factors, the study discovered a crucial relationship between NPI and Src expression.
{"title":"Association of Src with Nottingham Prognostic Index in Breast Cancer: Implications for Breast Cancer Prognostication","authors":"P. Rustamadji, Elvan Wiyarta","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_192_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_192_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Breast cancer affects one out of every eight women worldwide. Although the Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) is an important tool for forecasting, its accuracy remains a matter of contention. The Src protein, which has been linked to cancer proliferation and metastasis, may provide improved prognostic information.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between Src expression levels and the NPI in breast cancer patients.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 From January 2019 to December 2022, breast cancer samples were collected retrospectively. Immunohistochemistry was used to quantify Src expression, followed by digital image analysis using ImageJ software. To assure consistency, expression levels were standardized to a control protein. The samples were then stratified according to their NPI scores, and t-test was used to determine the relationship between Src expression and NPI. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Src expression demonstrated a wide range across the 60 samples analyzed. Although there were no significant associations between Src expression and age, tumor size, or lymphovascular invasion, there was a significant correlation between the NPI and Src expression (P = 0.046).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Increased Src expression frequently indicated a worse prognosis. Despite the absence of significant correlations with conventional factors, the study discovered a crucial relationship between NPI and Src expression.\u0000","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"358 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140773387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_219_23
Rim Sghiri, Z. Shakoor, Mohammed Ahmed, Nuha Alrajhi, A. Almogren
Data about myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs) and myositis-associated autoantibodies (MAAs) in Saudi patients are limited, and most studies have focused on anti-Jo1. This study aimed at reporting the MSAs and MAAs in Saudi population and their significance. This was a retrospective analysis of 190 Saudi patients investigated for idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) between January 2019 and January 2023. Data for MSAs and MAAs were collected from medical records of patients. MSAs and MAAs were detected by line immunoblot. Among the 190 sera tested, 47 yielded positive results for MSAs. There were 19 (40.4%) patients with IIMs, 20 (42.6%) with interstitial lung disease (ILD), and 8 (17%) with connective tissue diseases. Anti-signal recognition particle (SRP) was the most common MSA and was positive among 16 (34%) patients. Anti-PL-12 was the most frequent anti-synthetase antibody (21.3%) followed by anti-PL-7 (19.1%). Anti-Jo1 was associated with Raynaud’s phenomenon (odds ratio [OR] = 9, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3–60, P = 0.037) and with ILD (OR = 29, 95% CI = 2.4–351, P = 0.008) in patients with IIMs whereas anti-PL-7 was associated with ILD in the rest of the patients (OR = 6, 95% CI = 1.1–33, P = 0.021). MAAs were positive in 24 (51.1%) patients with anti-Ro52 as the most frequently detected antibody (29.8%). We confirm the association of MSAs with IIMs and ILD in the Saudi population. Anti-SRP and anti-PL-12 were the most common MSAs. These observations should be validated by large-scale studies.
{"title":"Myositis-specific and Myositis-associated Autoantibodies in Saudi Patients","authors":"Rim Sghiri, Z. Shakoor, Mohammed Ahmed, Nuha Alrajhi, A. Almogren","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_219_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_219_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Data about myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs) and myositis-associated autoantibodies (MAAs) in Saudi patients are limited, and most studies have focused on anti-Jo1. This study aimed at reporting the MSAs and MAAs in Saudi population and their significance.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This was a retrospective analysis of 190 Saudi patients investigated for idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) between January 2019 and January 2023. Data for MSAs and MAAs were collected from medical records of patients. MSAs and MAAs were detected by line immunoblot.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Among the 190 sera tested, 47 yielded positive results for MSAs. There were 19 (40.4%) patients with IIMs, 20 (42.6%) with interstitial lung disease (ILD), and 8 (17%) with connective tissue diseases. Anti-signal recognition particle (SRP) was the most common MSA and was positive among 16 (34%) patients. Anti-PL-12 was the most frequent anti-synthetase antibody (21.3%) followed by anti-PL-7 (19.1%). Anti-Jo1 was associated with Raynaud’s phenomenon (odds ratio [OR] = 9, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3–60, P = 0.037) and with ILD (OR = 29, 95% CI = 2.4–351, P = 0.008) in patients with IIMs whereas anti-PL-7 was associated with ILD in the rest of the patients (OR = 6, 95% CI = 1.1–33, P = 0.021). MAAs were positive in 24 (51.1%) patients with anti-Ro52 as the most frequently detected antibody (29.8%).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We confirm the association of MSAs with IIMs and ILD in the Saudi population. Anti-SRP and anti-PL-12 were the most common MSAs. These observations should be validated by large-scale studies.\u0000","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"723 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140791075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study of thyroid status and its influence on neonatal and postneonatal development of newborns from mothers with endemic goiter (EG) is one of the topical areas of modern endocrinology. The study of thyroid hormone levels in newborns born to women with endemic goiter. The design of the study is based on a randomized controlled method, taking into account the requirements of CONSORT, with distribution into mutually comparable study groups. A study was carried out on 68 newborns born to women with EG. Methods included the collection of history and study of thyroid hormone levels in neonates and women in labor. In newborns born from women with EG, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in cord blood averaged 15.6 ± 0.87 mIU/l, which is 22.38% higher compared to the control group (P = 0.038). The difference between free triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in newborns from mothers with EG in comparison to the control group was below 8.57% and 4.29%, respectively. In the 1st month of life, a lag in weight gain was noted by an average of 9.57% concerning practically healthy newborns. In newborns from women with EG, there was a decrease in T4 – 4.29% and T3 – 8.57%, against the background of an increase in the level of TSH to 22.38% in the cord blood relative to children from the control group. These fluctuations may persist in the 1st month of life and manifest as a delay in weight gain.
{"title":"Variability of Thyroid Hormones in Newborns from Mothers with Endemic Goiter","authors":"Turdieva Shokhida Tolkunovna, Ganieva Durdona Kamalovna","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_79_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_79_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study of thyroid status and its influence on neonatal and postneonatal development of newborns from mothers with endemic goiter (EG) is one of the topical areas of modern endocrinology.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study of thyroid hormone levels in newborns born to women with endemic goiter.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The design of the study is based on a randomized controlled method, taking into account the requirements of CONSORT, with distribution into mutually comparable study groups. A study was carried out on 68 newborns born to women with EG. Methods included the collection of history and study of thyroid hormone levels in neonates and women in labor.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In newborns born from women with EG, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in cord blood averaged 15.6 ± 0.87 mIU/l, which is 22.38% higher compared to the control group (P = 0.038). The difference between free triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in newborns from mothers with EG in comparison to the control group was below 8.57% and 4.29%, respectively. In the 1st month of life, a lag in weight gain was noted by an average of 9.57% concerning practically healthy newborns.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In newborns from women with EG, there was a decrease in T4 – 4.29% and T3 – 8.57%, against the background of an increase in the level of TSH to 22.38% in the cord blood relative to children from the control group. These fluctuations may persist in the 1st month of life and manifest as a delay in weight gain.\u0000","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"1216 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140774071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_127_23
A. Alalwan, A. Shihah, Nasser AbuDujain, Yazeed Alekrish, H. Jradi
Young people are an important market for the tobacco industry since most smokers try their first cigarette before they are 18 years. The early onset of smoking among adolescents has been significantly associated with the diagnosis of major depressive disorder, but the direction of causality is not yet known. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between smoking and mental health among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was carried out in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A self-designed questionnaire was used to assess participants’ smoking behavior including the validated Arabic Youth Mental Health Scale. The study achieved a 75% response rate. Overall, 186 (24.4%) participants reported being cigarette smokers. Of these respondents, 5.92 (9.56–13.67%) were male, and many of them lived with a smoker (tobacco or shisha). Beyond this, smoking e-cigarettes (odds ratio [OR] =20.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.09–50.25, P < 0.001) and living with shisha smoke (OR = 9.60, 95% CI: 4.15–22.16, P < 0.001) were independently associated with shisha use. Poor mental health was associated with smoking, either e-cigarette (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.03–3.31 P = 0.037), cigarette (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.14–4.37 P = 0.02) or shisha (OR = 2.76, 95% CI: 1.25–6.09, P = 0.01). Approximately 61% of the participants reported little knowledge of COVID-19, whereas 63% reported taking low precautionary measures against COVID-19. It has been discovered that smoking traditional cigarettes increases your likelihood of using an e-cigarette or shisha, as well as having a smoking family member. It is advised to enact comprehensive smoke-free regulations, raising the price of tobacco products, impose additional taxes, and launch national public awareness media campaigns as tobacco prevention and control measures.
{"title":"Smoking Behavior in Adolescents: The Role of Psychological Distress and COVID-19","authors":"A. Alalwan, A. Shihah, Nasser AbuDujain, Yazeed Alekrish, H. Jradi","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_127_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_127_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Young people are an important market for the tobacco industry since most smokers try their first cigarette before they are 18 years. The early onset of smoking among adolescents has been significantly associated with the diagnosis of major depressive disorder, but the direction of causality is not yet known. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association between smoking and mental health among adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A cross-sectional study was carried out in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A self-designed questionnaire was used to assess participants’ smoking behavior including the validated Arabic Youth Mental Health Scale.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The study achieved a 75% response rate. Overall, 186 (24.4%) participants reported being cigarette smokers. Of these respondents, 5.92 (9.56–13.67%) were male, and many of them lived with a smoker (tobacco or shisha). Beyond this, smoking e-cigarettes (odds ratio [OR] =20.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.09–50.25, P < 0.001) and living with shisha smoke (OR = 9.60, 95% CI: 4.15–22.16, P < 0.001) were independently associated with shisha use. Poor mental health was associated with smoking, either e-cigarette (OR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.03–3.31 P = 0.037), cigarette (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.14–4.37 P = 0.02) or shisha (OR = 2.76, 95% CI: 1.25–6.09, P = 0.01). Approximately 61% of the participants reported little knowledge of COVID-19, whereas 63% reported taking low precautionary measures against COVID-19.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 It has been discovered that smoking traditional cigarettes increases your likelihood of using an e-cigarette or shisha, as well as having a smoking family member. It is advised to enact comprehensive smoke-free regulations, raising the price of tobacco products, impose additional taxes, and launch national public awareness media campaigns as tobacco prevention and control measures.\u0000","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"232 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140759967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_153_22
Sawsan Ali Alghamdi, B. Bugis, Maaged A Akiel
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has placed enormous pressure on different health-care systems globally. In Saudi Arabia, the COVID-19 pandemic has considerably increased the number of infected individuals and has caused a major concern among health-care professionals, including the laboratory workforce. This study aimed to measure the impact of COVID-19 workload on clinical laboratory workforce in Riyadh. This was a cross-sectional quantitative study. We distributed questionnaires via E-mail invitations and social media platforms to 252 individuals. The online survey comprised eligibility, demographic, and workload-related questions as well as the 12-item General Health Questionnaire. A total of 123 respondents completed the questionnaire and fit the eligibility criteria. The data showed that the total workload burden remarkably increased the number of tasks among all laboratory workers by 30.0%. In addition, 44.7% of the laboratory personnel reported psychological distress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical laboratory workers reported a significant increase in workload burden during the COVID-19 pandemic. Middle age and limited years of experience were found to be risk factors for psychological distress and anxiety among the laboratory workers.
{"title":"The Impact of Workload during Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on Clinical Laboratory Workforce in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Sawsan Ali Alghamdi, B. Bugis, Maaged A Akiel","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_153_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_153_22","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has placed enormous pressure on different health-care systems globally. In Saudi Arabia, the COVID-19 pandemic has considerably increased the number of infected individuals and has caused a major concern among health-care professionals, including the laboratory workforce. This study aimed to measure the impact of COVID-19 workload on clinical laboratory workforce in Riyadh.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This was a cross-sectional quantitative study. We distributed questionnaires via E-mail invitations and social media platforms to 252 individuals. The online survey comprised eligibility, demographic, and workload-related questions as well as the 12-item General Health Questionnaire.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of 123 respondents completed the questionnaire and fit the eligibility criteria. The data showed that the total workload burden remarkably increased the number of tasks among all laboratory workers by 30.0%. In addition, 44.7% of the laboratory personnel reported psychological distress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Clinical laboratory workers reported a significant increase in workload burden during the COVID-19 pandemic. Middle age and limited years of experience were found to be risk factors for psychological distress and anxiety among the laboratory workers.\u0000","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"242 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140755766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_209_23
M. Elsayid, Maha B. Alqahtani, Seham A. Khashwayn, Rouzana F Khayat, Farah A. Alsibyani, Sara F. Almalki, A. Alyahyawi, Naif S Sannan, Amir Abushouk
Complete blood count (CBC) parameters change throughout pregnancy and are thought to be one of the factors affecting the pregnancy’s outcome. This study aims to report variations in CBC parameters throughout pregnancy and their association with maternal age and gravidity. This is a retrospective cohort study in which CBC data from 234 pregnancies with normal full-term delivery in 2020 were evaluated and grouped depending on maternal age and gravidity. Hemoglobin levels decreased significantly from the first to the second trimester (P < 0.0001) and then slightly increased in the third trimester. Red blood cells decreased significantly from the first to the second trimester and remained unchanged in the third trimester (P < 0.0001). Packed cell volume decreased significantly from the first to the second trimester (P < 0.0001) and then increased in the third trimester (P = 0.0178). White blood cells (WBCs) increased significantly from the first to the second trimester (P < 0.0001) and then remained stable in the third trimester. Neutrophils and lymphocytes showed opposed tendencies, with neutrophils increasing significantly from the first to the second trimester (P < 0.0001) and then remaining stable in the third trimester (P = 0.42). Lymphocytes decreased significantly from the first to the second trimester (P < 0.0001) and continued to decrease in the third trimester (P < 0.0001). Monocytes increased significantly from the first to the third trimester (P = 0.0051). Platelets decreased significantly from the first to the third trimester (P < 0.0001). Gravidity showed a negative correlation with WBC count (r = −0.17, P = 0.01) and a positive correlation with eosinophil levels (r = 0.14, P = 0.0376). Spearman’s correlations revealed no significant differences in maternal age groups. Our findings provide useful insight for physicians and policymakers in assessing CBC during pregnancy and providing optimal care. Furthermore, the associations between gravidity and WBC (negative) and eosinophil levels (positive) point to a potential effect of reproductive history on immune function, necessitating additional research in this area.
{"title":"Variations in Complete Blood Count Parameters during Pregnancy and their Association with Maternal Age and Gravidity","authors":"M. Elsayid, Maha B. Alqahtani, Seham A. Khashwayn, Rouzana F Khayat, Farah A. Alsibyani, Sara F. Almalki, A. Alyahyawi, Naif S Sannan, Amir Abushouk","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_209_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_209_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Complete blood count (CBC) parameters change throughout pregnancy and are thought to be one of the factors affecting the pregnancy’s outcome. This study aims to report variations in CBC parameters throughout pregnancy and their association with maternal age and gravidity.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This is a retrospective cohort study in which CBC data from 234 pregnancies with normal full-term delivery in 2020 were evaluated and grouped depending on maternal age and gravidity.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Hemoglobin levels decreased significantly from the first to the second trimester (P < 0.0001) and then slightly increased in the third trimester. Red blood cells decreased significantly from the first to the second trimester and remained unchanged in the third trimester (P < 0.0001). Packed cell volume decreased significantly from the first to the second trimester (P < 0.0001) and then increased in the third trimester (P = 0.0178). White blood cells (WBCs) increased significantly from the first to the second trimester (P < 0.0001) and then remained stable in the third trimester. Neutrophils and lymphocytes showed opposed tendencies, with neutrophils increasing significantly from the first to the second trimester (P < 0.0001) and then remaining stable in the third trimester (P = 0.42). Lymphocytes decreased significantly from the first to the second trimester (P < 0.0001) and continued to decrease in the third trimester (P < 0.0001). Monocytes increased significantly from the first to the third trimester (P = 0.0051). Platelets decreased significantly from the first to the third trimester (P < 0.0001). Gravidity showed a negative correlation with WBC count (r = −0.17, P = 0.01) and a positive correlation with eosinophil levels (r = 0.14, P = 0.0376). Spearman’s correlations revealed no significant differences in maternal age groups.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our findings provide useful insight for physicians and policymakers in assessing CBC during pregnancy and providing optimal care. Furthermore, the associations between gravidity and WBC (negative) and eosinophil levels (positive) point to a potential effect of reproductive history on immune function, necessitating additional research in this area.\u0000","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"56 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140765709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_136_23
F. A. Alhreashy, Arwa Abdulelah Mobeirek, Osama Abdulelah Mobeirek, Salem D. Al-Suwaidan, Nawal M. Alrajeh, Monirh Abdulaziz Alhorishi
Cartoons, comics, and caricatures have been incorporated in health education. This trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of caricature-based breastfeeding education at improving breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, and practice among pregnant women. A randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out at Riyadh First Health Cluster in Saudi Arabia. A total of 85 pregnant women were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 41) or the control group (n = 44). The intervention was two caricature-based versus one standard online lecture in breastfeeding. The participants were followed up for 3 months postpartum. The primary outcome was full breastfeeding (predominant and exclusive breastfeeding) by the time infants were 3 months old. The secondary outcomes were prenatal and postnatal breastfeeding self-efficacy, Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) scores, and satisfaction with the education. The participants were mostly Saudi (97.6% vs. 90.9%) and housewives (79% vs. 86.4%) for the intervention and control groups, respectively. The full breastfeeding rate at 3 months postpartum was 32.5% for the intervention and 31.6% for the control (P = 0.808; 95% confidence interval 0.539–1.965; relative risk = 1.029). Prenatal breastfeeding, postnatal self-efficacy, and IIFAS scores were compared between the intervention and control groups; no statistically significant difference was found (P > 0.05). In both arms of the study, participants’ experiences with the health education were satisfactory. Caricature use in antenatal breastfeeding education was a pleasant experience, but its effect on self-efficacy, attitudes, and behavior could not be determined from this trial. Large-scale, multi-center, multi-component research is recommended.
{"title":"Caricature-based Antenatal Breastfeeding Education Trial: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"F. A. Alhreashy, Arwa Abdulelah Mobeirek, Osama Abdulelah Mobeirek, Salem D. Al-Suwaidan, Nawal M. Alrajeh, Monirh Abdulaziz Alhorishi","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_136_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_136_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Cartoons, comics, and caricatures have been incorporated in health education. This trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of caricature-based breastfeeding education at improving breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, and practice among pregnant women.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out at Riyadh First Health Cluster in Saudi Arabia. A total of 85 pregnant women were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 41) or the control group (n = 44). The intervention was two caricature-based versus one standard online lecture in breastfeeding. The participants were followed up for 3 months postpartum. The primary outcome was full breastfeeding (predominant and exclusive breastfeeding) by the time infants were 3 months old. The secondary outcomes were prenatal and postnatal breastfeeding self-efficacy, Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) scores, and satisfaction with the education.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The participants were mostly Saudi (97.6% vs. 90.9%) and housewives (79% vs. 86.4%) for the intervention and control groups, respectively. The full breastfeeding rate at 3 months postpartum was 32.5% for the intervention and 31.6% for the control (P = 0.808; 95% confidence interval 0.539–1.965; relative risk = 1.029). Prenatal breastfeeding, postnatal self-efficacy, and IIFAS scores were compared between the intervention and control groups; no statistically significant difference was found (P > 0.05). In both arms of the study, participants’ experiences with the health education were satisfactory.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Caricature use in antenatal breastfeeding education was a pleasant experience, but its effect on self-efficacy, attitudes, and behavior could not be determined from this trial. Large-scale, multi-center, multi-component research is recommended.\u0000","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"835 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140773005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic has had an immense global impact on health-care delivery and health-care training. One of the vital lessons learned in the postpandemic phase is to address the requirements for growing mental health-care concerns worldwide. In view of preparedness for similar disasters in the future, it is essential to create viable pathways that proactively tackle mental health crises. Measures to improve community resilience, through training in psychological first aid (PFA), as an intervention for disaster recovery and disaster management may prove beneficial. This may be achieved by training professionals and residents in the local community. In addition, training in PFA may be focused on first responders and frontline workers. Furthermore, training in disaster mental healthcare may be introduced as a curricular initiative for students in the health-care profession. This will be directly reflected in society’s preparedness for disasters and emergencies in the future. An initiative for training in PFA as part of the undergraduate curriculum has been introduced for medical students inticipated that the training module will equip students to effecn Oman. In addition to contributing to personal wellbeing, it is atively contribute to the management of disasters and emergencies.
{"title":"Preparedness for Future Pandemics: Utilizing Psychological First Aid in Disaster Mental Health-care Training","authors":"M. A. Simon, A. Al-Ghailani","doi":"10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_52_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jnsm.jnsm_52_23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The COVID-19 pandemic has had an immense global impact on health-care delivery and health-care training. One of the vital lessons learned in the postpandemic phase is to address the requirements for growing mental health-care concerns worldwide. In view of preparedness for similar disasters in the future, it is essential to create viable pathways that proactively tackle mental health crises. Measures to improve community resilience, through training in psychological first aid (PFA), as an intervention for disaster recovery and disaster management may prove beneficial. This may be achieved by training professionals and residents in the local community. In addition, training in PFA may be focused on first responders and frontline workers. Furthermore, training in disaster mental healthcare may be introduced as a curricular initiative for students in the health-care profession. This will be directly reflected in society’s preparedness for disasters and emergencies in the future. An initiative for training in PFA as part of the undergraduate curriculum has been introduced for medical students inticipated that the training module will equip students to effecn Oman. In addition to contributing to personal wellbeing, it is atively contribute to the management of disasters and emergencies.","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"78 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140777355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.4103/2589-627X.381331
{"title":"Erratum: Short-and long-term outcomes of Coronavirus Disease 2019 patients presenting with diarrhea","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/2589-627X.381331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2589-627X.381331","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nature and Science of Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":"166 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49355194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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