Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3636707
{"title":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Instructions for authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3636707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3636707","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"7 1","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11373686","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146122730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2026.3651799
{"title":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation List of Reviewers, Volume 6","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2026.3651799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2026.3651799","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"7 1","pages":"286-288"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11373683","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146122743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3644287
Omar M. Khan;Jean-Jacques Laurin
A multiband antenna is presented for aircraft communication of traffic collision avoidance system (TCAS), distance measuring equipment (DME) and radio altimeter (RadAlt). This single antenna concept provides benefits of reducing the number of mounted antennas on the aircraft. Dual and single feed multilayered antennas are designed for omnidirectional and directional radiation characteristics. A circular metallic covered low profile L-band cavity is designed for omnidirectional radiations that comprises a novel power splitter for feeding the C-band RadAlt patch array placed on upper substrate of the circular cavity for achieving directional radiation pattern characteristics. An electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) layer is designed and placed within the circular cavity for suppressing RadAlt signal propagation within the cavity. The L-band is realized from 0.954 GHz to 1.272 GHz for the applications of DME, TCAS and ADS-B with omnidirectional pattern and gain of more than 5 dBi. C-band of 4.06 GHz to 4.52 GHz is achieved for RadAlt with directional pattern and gain of more than 12 dBi and sidelobe levels of less than - 40 dB. The proposed antenna was fabricated and tested in an anechoic chamber and flight testing for the verification of radiation characteristics.
{"title":"Multiband Distance Measuring Equipment, Traffic Collision Avoidance System and Radio Altimeter Antenna for Avionics Applications","authors":"Omar M. Khan;Jean-Jacques Laurin","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3644287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3644287","url":null,"abstract":"A multiband antenna is presented for aircraft communication of traffic collision avoidance system (TCAS), distance measuring equipment (DME) and radio altimeter (RadAlt). This single antenna concept provides benefits of reducing the number of mounted antennas on the aircraft. Dual and single feed multilayered antennas are designed for omnidirectional and directional radiation characteristics. A circular metallic covered low profile L-band cavity is designed for omnidirectional radiations that comprises a novel power splitter for feeding the C-band RadAlt patch array placed on upper substrate of the circular cavity for achieving directional radiation pattern characteristics. An electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) layer is designed and placed within the circular cavity for suppressing RadAlt signal propagation within the cavity. The L-band is realized from 0.954 GHz to 1.272 GHz for the applications of DME, TCAS and ADS-B with omnidirectional pattern and gain of more than 5 dBi. C-band of 4.06 GHz to 4.52 GHz is achieved for RadAlt with directional pattern and gain of more than 12 dBi and sidelobe levels of less than - 40 dB. The proposed antenna was fabricated and tested in an anechoic chamber and flight testing for the verification of radiation characteristics.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"7 1","pages":"277-285"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11299589","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146122785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An innovative reconfigurable passive electromagnetic skin (RP-EMS) architecture is proposed to support a single reflection beam while suppressing undesired beams, using 1-bit switching with minimal hardware complexity. The architecture is the first to simultaneously optimize the meta-atom arrangement and their 1-bit switching descriptors using the integer-coded evolutionary algorithm, supporting multiple reflection scenarios. The process yields one aperiodic meta-atom arrangement that effectively mitigates periodic phase quantization errors typical of 1-bit RP-EMS layouts, while changing reflection angles solely through 1-bit switching. An aperture-coupled patch-based meta-atom topology with well-separated and linearized phase responses is employed to enable 1-bit switching using a short/open connection. As a proof of concept, $30times 30$ RP-EMS prototypes with a $3.14 times 3.14~text {cm}^{2}$ aperture and $lambda /2$ periodicity at 140 GHz are designed and fabricated, demonstrating reflection at 15°, 30°, and 45° under normal incidence. The prototypes exhibited robust beam steering with QLL consistently below −10 dB and SLL up to −10 dB, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed MASB layout. In addition, the structures achieve 3-dB gain bandwidth exceeding 11% and high reflection efficiencies over 15%, referenced to a conductor surface of the same size. These results validate the potential of the proposed architecture for implementing multi-functional 1-bit RP-EMS with controlled sidelobes and no grating lobe near 140 GHz.
{"title":"On the Synthesis of Aperiodic Multi-Atom 1-Bit Reconfigurable Passive EMSs at 140 GHz","authors":"Taeyoung Kim;Francesco Zardi;Sangmin Lee;Jinhyun Kim;Uichan Park;Jungsuek Oh;Sangjo Choi;Giacomo Oliveri","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3643633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3643633","url":null,"abstract":"An innovative reconfigurable passive electromagnetic skin (RP-EMS) architecture is proposed to support a single reflection beam while suppressing undesired beams, using 1-bit switching with minimal hardware complexity. The architecture is the first to simultaneously optimize the meta-atom arrangement and their 1-bit switching descriptors using the integer-coded evolutionary algorithm, supporting multiple reflection scenarios. The process yields one aperiodic meta-atom arrangement that effectively mitigates periodic phase quantization errors typical of 1-bit RP-EMS layouts, while changing reflection angles solely through 1-bit switching. An aperture-coupled patch-based meta-atom topology with well-separated and linearized phase responses is employed to enable 1-bit switching using a short/open connection. As a proof of concept, <inline-formula> <tex-math>$30times 30$ </tex-math></inline-formula> RP-EMS prototypes with a <inline-formula> <tex-math>$3.14 times 3.14~text {cm}^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> aperture and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$lambda /2$ </tex-math></inline-formula> periodicity at 140 GHz are designed and fabricated, demonstrating reflection at 15°, 30°, and 45° under normal incidence. The prototypes exhibited robust beam steering with QLL consistently below −10 dB and SLL up to −10 dB, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed MASB layout. In addition, the structures achieve 3-dB gain bandwidth exceeding 11% and high reflection efficiencies over 15%, referenced to a conductor surface of the same size. These results validate the potential of the proposed architecture for implementing multi-functional 1-bit RP-EMS with controlled sidelobes and no grating lobe near 140 GHz.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"7 1","pages":"265-276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11298470","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146122728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-02DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3638238
{"title":"2025 Index IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Vol. 6","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3638238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3638238","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"6 6","pages":"2104-2149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11273048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145674807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3628236
{"title":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Instructions for authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3628236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3628236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"6 6","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11266961","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145584681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-06DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3616705
Jaume Anguera;Martijn Van Beurden;Miloslav Capek
{"title":"Guest Editorial: Introduction to the Special Section on Modeling, Analysis, and Design Methods for Embedded Antennas in IoT Wireless Devices","authors":"Jaume Anguera;Martijn Van Beurden;Miloslav Capek","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3616705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3616705","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"6 5","pages":"1620-1621"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11231169","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145449336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-06DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3606430
{"title":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Instructions for authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3606430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3606430","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"6 5","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11231125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145449383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-22DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3624204
Karam Mudhafar Younus;Kamel Sultan;Christophe Fumeaux;Amin Abbosh
A compact shared-aperture dual-band antenna is introduced. The antenna features a central modified circular patch for X-band operation (9.87-10.43 GHz) and four symmetrically arranged arc-shaped elements working as planar inverted-F antennas in Ku-band (14.68-15.31 GHz). The modified circular patch is probe-fed, while the arc-shaped elements are excited through a compact ring-shaped series-parallel sequential phase feeding network to ensure a circular polarization with less than 2.1 dB axial ratio across the operational bandwidth in Ku-band. The fabricated prototype demonstrates a performance aligned with the simulations across both bands, achieving an impedance bandwidth of 5.5% in X-band and an overlapping impedance and axial ratio bandwidth of 4.2% in Ku-band. A measured isolation exceeding 20 dB is achieved between the two bands. The measured realized gains, which agree with simulations, range from 6.5 to 7.1 dBi in X-band and 6.8 to 7.8 dBic in Ku-band. The frequency ratio is set during design by modifying the physical dimensions, particularly the length, of the arc-shaped elements, offering a degree of flexible tuning during the design phase.
{"title":"Shared-Aperture Dual-Band Antenna for X and Ku Bands","authors":"Karam Mudhafar Younus;Kamel Sultan;Christophe Fumeaux;Amin Abbosh","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3624204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3624204","url":null,"abstract":"A compact shared-aperture dual-band antenna is introduced. The antenna features a central modified circular patch for X-band operation (9.87-10.43 GHz) and four symmetrically arranged arc-shaped elements working as planar inverted-F antennas in Ku-band (14.68-15.31 GHz). The modified circular patch is probe-fed, while the arc-shaped elements are excited through a compact ring-shaped series-parallel sequential phase feeding network to ensure a circular polarization with less than 2.1 dB axial ratio across the operational bandwidth in Ku-band. The fabricated prototype demonstrates a performance aligned with the simulations across both bands, achieving an impedance bandwidth of 5.5% in X-band and an overlapping impedance and axial ratio bandwidth of 4.2% in Ku-band. A measured isolation exceeding 20 dB is achieved between the two bands. The measured realized gains, which agree with simulations, range from 6.5 to 7.1 dBi in X-band and 6.8 to 7.8 dBic in Ku-band. The frequency ratio is set during design by modifying the physical dimensions, particularly the length, of the arc-shaped elements, offering a degree of flexible tuning during the design phase.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"6 6","pages":"2095-2103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11214238","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145584687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-17DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3622898
Mahdi Behdani;Sean Victor Hum
This paper presents a novel, compact, and fast antenna characterization method using a spatially dispersive, reconfigurable leaky-wave antenna (LWA) probe. In the proposed setup, the antenna under test (AUT) and the LWA are placed face-to-face in the radiative near-field region, and the voltage transmission coefficient between them is measured for various electronically controlled LWA configurations, referred to as interrogation modes. Each mode corresponds to a unique near-field plane-wave spectrum defined over a fictitious interrogation plane. An approximate transmission model is developed based on the spectral overlap of the tangential electric fields of the LWA and AUT in this plane. When the LWA’s field distributions are known a priori, the measurement process becomes a spectral-domain sensing problem. To ensure accurate reconstruction, a set of orthogonal interrogation modes with sharp main beams and low sidelobes—steered over the angular range −75° to 75°—is synthesized by optimizing the LWA’s tunable varactors. The AUT’s one-dimensional tangential electric field distribution is reconstructed using Tikhonov regularization, followed by a near-field to far-field transformation to obtain its radiation pattern. The proposed approach eliminates the need for mechanical scanning in this one-dimensional configuration, significantly reducing measurement time. Simulation and experimental validation with various AUTs—including waveguides, horns, and patch arrays—demonstrate accurate far-field reconstruction, particularly for narrow-beam antennas and observation angles up to 60°. This electronically reconfigurable setup offers a practical solution for fast, high-throughput antenna testing in modern RF and microwave systems.
{"title":"Fast Antenna Testing With a Reconfigurable Near-Field Leaky-Wave Probe","authors":"Mahdi Behdani;Sean Victor Hum","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2025.3622898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2025.3622898","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel, compact, and fast antenna characterization method using a spatially dispersive, reconfigurable leaky-wave antenna (LWA) probe. In the proposed setup, the antenna under test (AUT) and the LWA are placed face-to-face in the radiative near-field region, and the voltage transmission coefficient between them is measured for various electronically controlled LWA configurations, referred to as interrogation modes. Each mode corresponds to a unique near-field plane-wave spectrum defined over a fictitious interrogation plane. An approximate transmission model is developed based on the spectral overlap of the tangential electric fields of the LWA and AUT in this plane. When the LWA’s field distributions are known a priori, the measurement process becomes a spectral-domain sensing problem. To ensure accurate reconstruction, a set of orthogonal interrogation modes with sharp main beams and low sidelobes—steered over the angular range −75° to 75°—is synthesized by optimizing the LWA’s tunable varactors. The AUT’s one-dimensional tangential electric field distribution is reconstructed using Tikhonov regularization, followed by a near-field to far-field transformation to obtain its radiation pattern. The proposed approach eliminates the need for mechanical scanning in this one-dimensional configuration, significantly reducing measurement time. Simulation and experimental validation with various AUTs—including waveguides, horns, and patch arrays—demonstrate accurate far-field reconstruction, particularly for narrow-beam antennas and observation angles up to 60°. This electronically reconfigurable setup offers a practical solution for fast, high-throughput antenna testing in modern RF and microwave systems.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"6 6","pages":"2083-2094"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11206379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145584683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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