Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2024.3374851
{"title":"IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3374851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2024.3374851","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"5 2","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10479151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140291061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2024.3365980
C. Larmour;N. Buchanan;V. Fusco;M. Ali Babar Abbasi
In the paper [1] , Fig. 1 (c) , captioned “Sparse array designs for (c) Compressive sensing direction-of-arrival estimation,” was incorrectly included in the final version. This image has not received the appropriate copyright approval for reuse and therefore should be removed as shown in the updated Fig. 1 . The corresponding reference as shown in [2] should also be removed from the reference list.
{"title":"Correction to “Sparse Array Mutual Coupling Reduction”","authors":"C. Larmour;N. Buchanan;V. Fusco;M. Ali Babar Abbasi","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3365980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2024.3365980","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper \u0000<xref>[1]</xref>\u0000, \u0000<xref>Fig. 1 (c)</xref>\u0000, captioned “Sparse array designs for (c) Compressive sensing direction-of-arrival estimation,” was incorrectly included in the final version. This image has not received the appropriate copyright approval for reuse and therefore should be removed as shown in the updated \u0000<xref>Fig. 1</xref>\u0000. The corresponding reference as shown in \u0000<xref>[2]</xref>\u0000 should also be removed from the reference list.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"5 2","pages":"540-540"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10479143","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140291062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-24DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2024.3400387
{"title":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation Instructions for authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3400387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2024.3400387","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"5 3","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10538453","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141096209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-24DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2024.3400383
{"title":"IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3400383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJAP.2024.3400383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"5 3","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10538462","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141096163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2024.3376514
Kunpeng Wei;Xiaopeng Zhang;Libin Sun;Changjiang Deng
In this letter, a circularly-polarized (CP) log-periodic dipole antenna (LPDA) is investigated. Eight crossed dipole cells with a logarithmically increased $lambda $ /8 separation are employed to form the proposed CP LPDA. The dipoles with increased length and spacing are fed in series by an air-filled parallel line. The working mechanism of the generation of back-fire CP radiation is illustrated by an array analyzation. Besides, the LPDA design factors for both polarizations are analyzed in detail to realize an optimized CP performance. To validate the performance of the proposed eight-element CP LPDA, a prototype was fabricated and measured. The measured axial ratio (AR) bandwidth (0.8-2.5 GHz) is coincident with the impedance bandwidth (0.8-2.43 GHz), and it can be further increased with more elements. The overlapping bandwidth with VSWR < 2, AR < 3 dB, gain variation < 3 dB, and back-fire gain > 5 dBic is 0.94-2.43 GHz (2.6:1), and the radiation pattern is stable across the entire band.
{"title":"Investigation of a Circularly Polarized Log-Periodic Dipole Antenna","authors":"Kunpeng Wei;Xiaopeng Zhang;Libin Sun;Changjiang Deng","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3376514","DOIUrl":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3376514","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, a circularly-polarized (CP) log-periodic dipole antenna (LPDA) is investigated. Eight crossed dipole cells with a logarithmically increased \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000/8 separation are employed to form the proposed CP LPDA. The dipoles with increased length and spacing are fed in series by an air-filled parallel line. The working mechanism of the generation of back-fire CP radiation is illustrated by an array analyzation. Besides, the LPDA design factors for both polarizations are analyzed in detail to realize an optimized CP performance. To validate the performance of the proposed eight-element CP LPDA, a prototype was fabricated and measured. The measured axial ratio (AR) bandwidth (0.8-2.5 GHz) is coincident with the impedance bandwidth (0.8-2.43 GHz), and it can be further increased with more elements. The overlapping bandwidth with VSWR < 2, AR < 3 dB, gain variation < 3 dB, and back-fire gain > 5 dBic is 0.94-2.43 GHz (2.6:1), and the radiation pattern is stable across the entire band.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"5 3","pages":"612-619"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10477250","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140201877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2024.3379306
Luohao Liu;Fan Yang;Shenheng Xu;Maokun Li
Via is an essential component in the design of an Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structure. This paper investigates the effects of the via in a mushroom-like EBG structure and proposes an equivalent circuit model of the via. It is revealed that when the via in the mushroom-like structure is offset, the element reflection phase will vary within 720 degrees instead of 360 degrees phase range in a conventional design. This phenomenon can be explained by a new circuit model that introduces a mutual inductance, and the corresponding electromagnetic properties of mushroom-like EBG structure can be quantitatively analyzed by this model. In addition, the applicability and error analysis of the model are discussed in this paper. The theoretical modeling and analysis enable an efficient and in-depth exploration of the via functions in similar EBG structures, and also provide more theoretical guidance and assistance for the design of reflection and transmission units based on EBG structure.
{"title":"Effects and Models of Offset-Via in Electromagnetic Band Gap Structure","authors":"Luohao Liu;Fan Yang;Shenheng Xu;Maokun Li","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3379306","DOIUrl":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3379306","url":null,"abstract":"Via is an essential component in the design of an Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structure. This paper investigates the effects of the via in a mushroom-like EBG structure and proposes an equivalent circuit model of the via. It is revealed that when the via in the mushroom-like structure is offset, the element reflection phase will vary within 720 degrees instead of 360 degrees phase range in a conventional design. This phenomenon can be explained by a new circuit model that introduces a mutual inductance, and the corresponding electromagnetic properties of mushroom-like EBG structure can be quantitatively analyzed by this model. In addition, the applicability and error analysis of the model are discussed in this paper. The theoretical modeling and analysis enable an efficient and in-depth exploration of the via functions in similar EBG structures, and also provide more theoretical guidance and assistance for the design of reflection and transmission units based on EBG structure.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"5 3","pages":"644-652"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10475704","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140202028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2024.3377368
Aobo Li;Mengran Zhao;Dónal Patrick Lynch;Shitao Zhu;Muhammad Ali Babar Abbasi;Okan Yurduseven
In this paper, the design of a computational microwave imaging (CMI) oriented frequency-diverse reflection metasurface antenna (FDRMA) is presented. Designing a FDRMA for CMI requires a careful synthesis framework, from the topology of metamaterial elements to the statistical analyses of the metasurface and the evaluation of its CMI performance. Consequently, we begin with an investigation of different metamaterial element topologies with the aim to choose the optimal one to constitute a desired reflection metasurface. The FDRMA is then designed by randomly distributing the metamaterial elements with diverse structural parameters. The orthogonality of the reflected field patterns is investigated by means of a spatial-correlation evaluation and a singular value decomposition. To mitigate random errors, each type of FDRMA is replicated 20 times, and the evaluation indexes are averaged. Finally, the CMI experiments are carried out through full-wave simulations using different FDRMAs to verify their computational imaging performance. Moreover, a prototype of the optimal FDRMA topology is fabricated and real CMI experiments are implemented to validate the proposed design method.
{"title":"Frequency-Diverse Reflection Metasurface Antenna Design for Computational Microwave Imaging","authors":"Aobo Li;Mengran Zhao;Dónal Patrick Lynch;Shitao Zhu;Muhammad Ali Babar Abbasi;Okan Yurduseven","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3377368","DOIUrl":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3377368","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the design of a computational microwave imaging (CMI) oriented frequency-diverse reflection metasurface antenna (FDRMA) is presented. Designing a FDRMA for CMI requires a careful synthesis framework, from the topology of metamaterial elements to the statistical analyses of the metasurface and the evaluation of its CMI performance. Consequently, we begin with an investigation of different metamaterial element topologies with the aim to choose the optimal one to constitute a desired reflection metasurface. The FDRMA is then designed by randomly distributing the metamaterial elements with diverse structural parameters. The orthogonality of the reflected field patterns is investigated by means of a spatial-correlation evaluation and a singular value decomposition. To mitigate random errors, each type of FDRMA is replicated 20 times, and the evaluation indexes are averaged. Finally, the CMI experiments are carried out through full-wave simulations using different FDRMAs to verify their computational imaging performance. Moreover, a prototype of the optimal FDRMA topology is fabricated and real CMI experiments are implemented to validate the proposed design method.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"5 5","pages":"1240-1248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10472621","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140169369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2024.3376568
Li Zhang;Miao Lv;Zhi-Ya Zhang;Yu Wang;Fanchao Zeng;Can Ding;Chenhui Dai
In this paper, a single-antenna full-duplex subsystem is proposed, consisting of a high isolation network and a stacked patch antenna with reflector. The employed patch antenna is fed by two ports with very similar input impedances to make the reflected signals identical. The high isolation network composed of two hybrids and two circulators plays a crucial part in achieving high transmitting to receiving (Tx-Rx) isolation. It is able to cancel out the inevitable reflected signals from the antenna ports and the leakage signals from the circulators. The theoretical analysis is presented and the subsystem is also fabricated and measured. According to the measurement results, across the operation band from 2.018 to 2.12 GHz, the subsystem has VSWR <1.55,> 50 dB, axial ratio <2.4,>10.2 dBic. Compared with the state-of-art single-antenna full-duplex subsystems, the proposed design features high Tx-Rx isolation level and high gain, which is suitable for microwave radio relay communication and satellite detection application.
{"title":"A Single-Antenna Full-Duplex Subsystem With High Isolation and High Gain","authors":"Li Zhang;Miao Lv;Zhi-Ya Zhang;Yu Wang;Fanchao Zeng;Can Ding;Chenhui Dai","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3376568","DOIUrl":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3376568","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a single-antenna full-duplex subsystem is proposed, consisting of a high isolation network and a stacked patch antenna with reflector. The employed patch antenna is fed by two ports with very similar input impedances to make the reflected signals identical. The high isolation network composed of two hybrids and two circulators plays a crucial part in achieving high transmitting to receiving (Tx-Rx) isolation. It is able to cancel out the inevitable reflected signals from the antenna ports and the leakage signals from the circulators. The theoretical analysis is presented and the subsystem is also fabricated and measured. According to the measurement results, across the operation band from 2.018 to 2.12 GHz, the subsystem has VSWR <1.55,> 50 dB, axial ratio <2.4,>10.2 dBic. Compared with the state-of-art single-antenna full-duplex subsystems, the proposed design features high Tx-Rx isolation level and high gain, which is suitable for microwave radio relay communication and satellite detection application.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"5 3","pages":"620-625"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10470386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140166124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2024.3378116
Somayeh Komeylian;Christopher Paolini
Research in the field of fault detection has steadily been developing for monitoring the performance of array antennas in the presence of errors in excitation phases and amplitudes. The presence of faulty elements degrades significantly the radiation characteristics and performance of antenna arrays. The measured errors in excitation phases and amplitudes at outputs of elements of the 3D HAAwBE are characterized by a few sparse non-zero vectors. A regularized $l_{2,1}$ -norm problem is designed to model errors of faulty elements and noise. In this work, we have implemented the ADMM method under the joint sparsity setting to solve the regularized $l_{2,1}$ -norm problem for a number of samples of the degraded radiation pattern of the HAAwBE rather than computing its array factor, which requires significant and complex mathematical computation. The proposed ADMM technique under the joint sparsity setting allows for minimizing the cost function of the problem with respect to both model parameters and variable vectors. We have further increased accuracy and stability of the performance of the HAAwBE in the two problems of fault detection and DoA estimation by deploying three different optimization methods: LS-SVM, NN-RBF, and NN-MLP, and compared to each other. Consequently, the superior performance of the HAAwBE has been numerically verified by the high success rates of 91.83%, 91.24%, and 88.33%, by performing the LS-SVM, NN-MLP, and NN-RBF optimization methods, respectively, in the presence of 50% faulty elements. Furthermore, results of DoA estimation by the HAAwBE have represented the high resolution in recognizing locations of three signal sources with performing the optimization method.
{"title":"Modeling of the Fault Detection Problem for a 3-D Hybrid Antenna Array: Analysis and Evaluation","authors":"Somayeh Komeylian;Christopher Paolini","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3378116","DOIUrl":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3378116","url":null,"abstract":"Research in the field of fault detection has steadily been developing for monitoring the performance of array antennas in the presence of errors in excitation phases and amplitudes. The presence of faulty elements degrades significantly the radiation characteristics and performance of antenna arrays. The measured errors in excitation phases and amplitudes at outputs of elements of the 3D HAAwBE are characterized by a few sparse non-zero vectors. A regularized \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$l_{2,1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-norm problem is designed to model errors of faulty elements and noise. In this work, we have implemented the ADMM method under the joint sparsity setting to solve the regularized \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$l_{2,1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000-norm problem for a number of samples of the degraded radiation pattern of the HAAwBE rather than computing its array factor, which requires significant and complex mathematical computation. The proposed ADMM technique under the joint sparsity setting allows for minimizing the cost function of the problem with respect to both model parameters and variable vectors. We have further increased accuracy and stability of the performance of the HAAwBE in the two problems of fault detection and DoA estimation by deploying three different optimization methods: LS-SVM, NN-RBF, and NN-MLP, and compared to each other. Consequently, the superior performance of the HAAwBE has been numerically verified by the high success rates of 91.83%, 91.24%, and 88.33%, by performing the LS-SVM, NN-MLP, and NN-RBF optimization methods, respectively, in the presence of 50% faulty elements. Furthermore, results of DoA estimation by the HAAwBE have represented the high resolution in recognizing locations of three signal sources with performing the optimization method.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"5 4","pages":"855-868"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10473162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140166709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1109/OJAP.2024.3377695
Hemalatha T;Bappadittya Roy
A novel and miniaturized design featuring a Co-directional Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CO-CSRR) loaded Tri-Quarter Circular (TQC) Extremely Wideband (EWB) Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna has been developed and simulated. This proposed antenna demonstrates high isolation and exhibits multiple notch characteristics. The configuration consists of two TQC patches positioned adjacent to each other with a common partial ground plane (PGP), achieving an Extremely Wideband (EWB) capability of 85.8 GHz. Additionally, two elliptical CO-CSRRs are etched on the TQC elements to introduce dual-notch characteristics in the X-band and Ku-band. The integration of two Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structures on either side of the microstrip feedline facilitates the creation of notch frequency ranges at Q-band downlink and V-band. To enhance isolation, a slotted meandering strip is extruded to the PGP. This design primarily focuses on achieving EWB with a compact size and reduced complexity. The overall physical volume of the proposed design is $2.74~lambda _{o} {times } 4.83~lambda _{o} {times } 0.25~lambda _{o}$ , achieved a maximum $|S_{11}|$ of 30.82 dB at a frequency of 17.58 GHz. The antenna’s performance has been thoroughly evaluated in terms of radiation pattern, isolation, Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC), Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC), Diversity Gain (DG), Gain, and Efficiency. Stable gain and Group Delay (GD) of less than 0.2 ns for the entire Extremely Wideband (EWB) range have been achieved, with lower gain observed at the notch bands.
{"title":"Low-Profile CO-CSRR and EBG Loaded Tri-Quarter Circular Patch EWB MIMO Antenna With Multiple Notch Bands","authors":"Hemalatha T;Bappadittya Roy","doi":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3377695","DOIUrl":"10.1109/OJAP.2024.3377695","url":null,"abstract":"A novel and miniaturized design featuring a Co-directional Complementary Split Ring Resonator (CO-CSRR) loaded Tri-Quarter Circular (TQC) Extremely Wideband (EWB) Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna has been developed and simulated. This proposed antenna demonstrates high isolation and exhibits multiple notch characteristics. The configuration consists of two TQC patches positioned adjacent to each other with a common partial ground plane (PGP), achieving an Extremely Wideband (EWB) capability of 85.8 GHz. Additionally, two elliptical CO-CSRRs are etched on the TQC elements to introduce dual-notch characteristics in the X-band and Ku-band. The integration of two Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structures on either side of the microstrip feedline facilitates the creation of notch frequency ranges at Q-band downlink and V-band. To enhance isolation, a slotted meandering strip is extruded to the PGP. This design primarily focuses on achieving EWB with a compact size and reduced complexity. The overall physical volume of the proposed design is \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$2.74~lambda _{o} {times } 4.83~lambda _{o} {times } 0.25~lambda _{o}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000, achieved a maximum \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$|S_{11}|$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 of 30.82 dB at a frequency of 17.58 GHz. The antenna’s performance has been thoroughly evaluated in terms of radiation pattern, isolation, Total Active Reflection Coefficient (TARC), Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC), Diversity Gain (DG), Gain, and Efficiency. Stable gain and Group Delay (GD) of less than 0.2 ns for the entire Extremely Wideband (EWB) range have been achieved, with lower gain observed at the notch bands.","PeriodicalId":34267,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation","volume":"5 3","pages":"634-643"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10473178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140166111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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