Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2023.101
V. Bocharov
The article analyzes the concept of “traditionalism”, identified by St. Petersburg scientists as a subject of oriental studies. The need to clarify the status of the discipline arose in connection with its reorientation in the early 2000s to the study of the modern East. If earlier sources for orientalists were written monuments on history, philosophy, law, etc., exported by pioneers and stored in the funds of Europe (London, Paris, Berlin, etc.), as well as St. Petersburg, now the object of research is the living cultures of the East. Ethnography and sociocultural anthropology (ethnology) are also involved in their study. These are related disciplines, however, if the former is more related to, description of the peoples exploring the specific manifestations of ethno-cultural phenomena: customs, rituals, beliefs, symbols, etc., then anthropology with comparative ethnology, the formulation of theoretical and methodological approaches for their study. “Tradition”, from the point of view of the author, since Antiquity has been closely correlated with politics and the aspirations of the elites. In the era of the Enlightenment, this concept acquired an ambivalent content: progressives treated it negatively, considering it an obstacle to the historical development of society, their opponents, on the contrary, believed that it was tradition that ensures the uniqueness of society in the process of its evolution. A similar attitude to tradition is retained in scientific discourse today, it is devoid of scientific content, but is an axiological category. The attitude to tradition is almost the main “bone of contention” in the modern confrontation between East and West. The author proposes an understanding of traditionalism that excludes the absolutization of both universalism (progressivism) and uniqueness in the understanding of tradition, which, from his point of view, corresponds to the principle of scientific character. Keywords: oriental studies, sociocultural anthropology, ethnography, tradition, traditionalism, methodology, the East.
{"title":"Traditionalism in the Oriental Dimension","authors":"V. Bocharov","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2023.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2023.101","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the concept of “traditionalism”, identified by St. Petersburg scientists as a subject of oriental studies. The need to clarify the status of the discipline arose in connection with its reorientation in the early 2000s to the study of the modern East. If earlier sources for orientalists were written monuments on history, philosophy, law, etc., exported by pioneers and stored in the funds of Europe (London, Paris, Berlin, etc.), as well as St. Petersburg, now the object of research is the living cultures of the East. Ethnography and sociocultural anthropology (ethnology) are also involved in their study. These are related disciplines, however, if the former is more related to, description of the peoples exploring the specific manifestations of ethno-cultural phenomena: customs, rituals, beliefs, symbols, etc., then anthropology with comparative ethnology, the formulation of theoretical and methodological approaches for their study. “Tradition”, from the point of view of the author, since Antiquity has been closely correlated with politics and the aspirations of the elites. In the era of the Enlightenment, this concept acquired an ambivalent content: progressives treated it negatively, considering it an obstacle to the historical development of society, their opponents, on the contrary, believed that it was tradition that ensures the uniqueness of society in the process of its evolution. A similar attitude to tradition is retained in scientific discourse today, it is devoid of scientific content, but is an axiological category. The attitude to tradition is almost the main “bone of contention” in the modern confrontation between East and West. The author proposes an understanding of traditionalism that excludes the absolutization of both universalism (progressivism) and uniqueness in the understanding of tradition, which, from his point of view, corresponds to the principle of scientific character. Keywords: oriental studies, sociocultural anthropology, ethnography, tradition, traditionalism, methodology, the East.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"102 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122976954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2019.310
N. Chesnokova
Рассматривается один из символов власти монарха (вана) в Корее периода правления династии Чосон (1392–1897) — ширма «Солнце, Луна и пять пиков» (Ирволь обон пён). Ширма, элемент государственного ритуала, согласно исследованию автора статьи, подчеркивала особенное, «центральное» положение вана, его связь с мирозданием. По мнению современных южнокорейских историков, впервые ширма появляется на прижизненном портрете основателя династии Чосон Ли Сонге (Тхэджо, 1335–1408, правление 1392–1398), написанном в 1393 г. Автору, однако, данное утверждение кажется необоснованным в связи с тем, что прижизненный портрет Ли Сонге не сохранился, и в наши дни известна лишь его копия, созданная в XVIII в. Именно в этот период в Корее происходит укрепление этнического самосознания, выраженное через повышенное внимание к исконно корейским ценностям и противопоставлению «своего» — корейского и «чужого» — маньчжурского (т. е. относящегося к Цинскому Китаю). Опираясь на ряд изученных иллюстрированных летописей ыйгве, автор склоняется к выводу о том, что изначально ширма была лишь одним из символов монаршей власти и вышла на первый план лишь в XVIII–XIX вв. Традиционно ширма помещалась позади трона так, чтобы ван оказывался по центру, между двумя абсолютно симметричными изображениями, различавшимися лишь тем, что на одном сияло Солнце, а на другом — Луна. Согласно авторским выводам, в таком положении ван символически оказывался властителем пространства и времени. Ключевые слова: Корея, Ирволь обон пён, Ирволь обон до, Солнце, Луна и пять горных пиков, сакрализация власти, легитимность правления.
{"title":"“The Screen of the Sun, the Moon and the Five Peaks” as the Symbol of Kingship in Korea in the Joseon Period","authors":"N. Chesnokova","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2019.310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2019.310","url":null,"abstract":"Рассматривается один из символов власти монарха (вана) в Корее периода правления династии Чосон (1392–1897) — ширма «Солнце, Луна и пять пиков» (Ирволь обон пён). Ширма, элемент государственного ритуала, согласно исследованию автора статьи, подчеркивала особенное, «центральное» положение вана, его связь с мирозданием. По мнению современных южнокорейских историков, впервые ширма появляется на прижизненном портрете основателя династии Чосон Ли Сонге (Тхэджо, 1335–1408, правление 1392–1398), написанном в 1393 г. Автору, однако, данное утверждение кажется необоснованным в связи с тем, что прижизненный портрет Ли Сонге не сохранился, и в наши дни известна лишь его копия, созданная в XVIII в. Именно в этот период в Корее происходит укрепление этнического самосознания, выраженное через повышенное внимание к исконно корейским ценностям и противопоставлению «своего» — корейского и «чужого» — маньчжурского (т. е. относящегося к Цинскому Китаю). Опираясь на ряд изученных иллюстрированных летописей ыйгве, автор склоняется к выводу о том, что изначально ширма была лишь одним из символов монаршей власти и вышла на первый план лишь в XVIII–XIX вв. Традиционно ширма помещалась позади трона так, чтобы ван оказывался по центру, между двумя абсолютно симметричными изображениями, различавшимися лишь тем, что на одном сияло Солнце, а на другом — Луна. Согласно авторским выводам, в таком положении ван символически оказывался властителем пространства и времени. Ключевые слова: Корея, Ирволь обон пён, Ирволь обон до, Солнце, Луна и пять горных пиков, сакрализация власти, легитимность правления.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122098329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2022.410
Olga N. Merenkova
The actual theme of the British novel of the beginning of the 21st century becomes an intensively changing urban multicultural space of London, as well as its inhabitants. The ethnic heterogeneity of London is enhanced by the residence of various national communities there. One of the most notable groups is British Bangladeshis. The article analyzes two works: White Teeth by Zadie Smith (2000) and Salam, Brick Lane: A Year in the New East End by Tarquin Hall (2005). These novels were written almost at the same time, but London and its realities are presented in them from different angles. The authors manage to weave a complex web of life histories of migrant families, sometimes spanning more than one generation. Narratives focus on British Bangladeshis, Jamaicans, Polish Jews, refugees from Afghanistan and other ethnic groups living in London, in particular the East End. The novels deal with the acute problems of migrants’ adaptation in British society, as well as the difficulties of perceiving and preserving the cultural heritage of their ancestors in their children who are educated in British schools and learn the behaviors of their English peers, which is a tragedy for their more conservative parents. On the basis of real stories, these works present a picture of a motley urban population and how, according to the ideas and personal experience of the authors, representatives of various groups of British society live and interact with each other: the so-called “native Englishmen”, “descendants of former migrants”, representatives of ethnic minorities, people from former colonies, etc.
{"title":"Images of British Bangladeshis and the Ethno-cultural Space of London in Modern British Novels on the Example of the Works of Zadie Smith and Tarquin Hall","authors":"Olga N. Merenkova","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2022.410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.410","url":null,"abstract":"The actual theme of the British novel of the beginning of the 21st century becomes an intensively changing urban multicultural space of London, as well as its inhabitants. The ethnic heterogeneity of London is enhanced by the residence of various national communities there. One of the most notable groups is British Bangladeshis. The article analyzes two works: White Teeth by Zadie Smith (2000) and Salam, Brick Lane: A Year in the New East End by Tarquin Hall (2005). These novels were written almost at the same time, but London and its realities are presented in them from different angles. The authors manage to weave a complex web of life histories of migrant families, sometimes spanning more than one generation. Narratives focus on British Bangladeshis, Jamaicans, Polish Jews, refugees from Afghanistan and other ethnic groups living in London, in particular the East End. The novels deal with the acute problems of migrants’ adaptation in British society, as well as the difficulties of perceiving and preserving the cultural heritage of their ancestors in their children who are educated in British schools and learn the behaviors of their English peers, which is a tragedy for their more conservative parents. On the basis of real stories, these works present a picture of a motley urban population and how, according to the ideas and personal experience of the authors, representatives of various groups of British society live and interact with each other: the so-called “native Englishmen”, “descendants of former migrants”, representatives of ethnic minorities, people from former colonies, etc.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129621235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2022.310
Dorji G. Kukeev
This publication is a part of an extensive field of the research, devoted to various areas of the borderlands, and it is actualized by the increasing scale of the study about these areas due to changes in the geopolitical situation in Eurasia. The article is devoted to the reasons and the process of the formation of some features of Qing regionalism in the western borderlands of the empire in the second half of the 18th century. The acquirement of the new lands, named the term Xiyu ( 西 域 , Western Territory) in Chinese historical materials, was of a great political importance, and the acquired domains bordering on Central Asia were transformed into an administrative-territorial unit of the empire, which became known as Xinjiang ( 新 疆 ,New Frontier). The author emphasizes the importance of studying the features of the management of the Qing borderlands in Inner Asia, where various approaches to borderland relations were actively used, and were not adopted from the “Confucian” civilization, but adopted from nomads. There reveals the distinctive features that lay in the Qing regionalism in the management of this outlying territory, which was characterized by the implementation of such measures as: the military occupation, the establishment of a new administrative structure and the publication of written monuments in the languages of the Qing empire. Adopting a more flexible approach due to their non-Chinese origins, the Manchu elites developed institutions and frontier management policies, which were different from those of previous dynasties.
{"title":"Qing Regionalism at Central Asian Borderlands in the Second Half of 18th Century: The Influence of Zunghar Legacy","authors":"Dorji G. Kukeev","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2022.310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.310","url":null,"abstract":"This publication is a part of an extensive field of the research, devoted to various areas of the borderlands, and it is actualized by the increasing scale of the study about these areas due to changes in the geopolitical situation in Eurasia. The article is devoted to the reasons and the process of the formation of some features of Qing regionalism in the western borderlands of the empire in the second half of the 18th century. The acquirement of the new lands, named the term Xiyu ( 西 域 , Western Territory) in Chinese historical materials, was of a great political importance, and the acquired domains bordering on Central Asia were transformed into an administrative-territorial unit of the empire, which became known as Xinjiang ( 新 疆 ,New Frontier). The author emphasizes the importance of studying the features of the management of the Qing borderlands in Inner Asia, where various approaches to borderland relations were actively used, and were not adopted from the “Confucian” civilization, but adopted from nomads. There reveals the distinctive features that lay in the Qing regionalism in the management of this outlying territory, which was characterized by the implementation of such measures as: the military occupation, the establishment of a new administrative structure and the publication of written monuments in the languages of the Qing empire. Adopting a more flexible approach due to their non-Chinese origins, the Manchu elites developed institutions and frontier management policies, which were different from those of previous dynasties.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130221952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2021.206
T. S. Mozol
The article is devoted to the study of the evolution of masculine stereotypes represented in the Korean language. Language is an integral part of culture, it reflects changes in social consciousness, while the lexis of the language is the first to react to sociocultural transformations taking place in society. The material for the study was Korean traditional paremias, modern proverbs, metaphors, and neologisms about men. Korean traditional paremias convey ideas of hegemonic masculinity and ideas about the absolute superiority of men. Men in Korean proverbs are portrayed from the positive side, they emphasize the dignity and various achievements of men in every possible way. On the other hand, the linguistic material of the modern Korean language allows us to say that conceptualization of masculinity is changing — the male image becomes less authoritarian and new images of natural masculinity are appearing. Contemporary Korean society is still largely androcentric, but society and language have undergone numerous transformations over the years, and new more feminine images of men are replacing the traditional male images of a patriarchal society. Thus, modern metaphors reflect the perception of a person, regardless of gender: modern Korean metaphors about men have much in common with metaphors about women. Modern proverbs about men convey ideas that are opposite to traditional patriarchal ideas, they record a change in social roles and emphasize the increasing social role of women. Korean neologisms represent largely feminized images of men, portraying gentle, authoritarian-minded men with an interest in household chores, fashion, and beauty.
{"title":"Evolution of Masculine Gender Stereotypes in Korean","authors":"T. S. Mozol","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2021.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2021.206","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of the evolution of masculine stereotypes represented in the Korean language. Language is an integral part of culture, it reflects changes in social consciousness, while the lexis of the language is the first to react to sociocultural transformations taking place in society. The material for the study was Korean traditional paremias, modern proverbs, metaphors, and neologisms about men. Korean traditional paremias convey ideas of hegemonic masculinity and ideas about the absolute superiority of men. Men in Korean proverbs are portrayed from the positive side, they emphasize the dignity and various achievements of men in every possible way. On the other hand, the linguistic material of the modern Korean language allows us to say that conceptualization of masculinity is changing — the male image becomes less authoritarian and new images of natural masculinity are appearing. Contemporary Korean society is still largely androcentric, but society and language have undergone numerous transformations over the years, and new more feminine images of men are replacing the traditional male images of a patriarchal society. Thus, modern metaphors reflect the perception of a person, regardless of gender: modern Korean metaphors about men have much in common with metaphors about women. Modern proverbs about men convey ideas that are opposite to traditional patriarchal ideas, they record a change in social roles and emphasize the increasing social role of women. Korean neologisms represent largely feminized images of men, portraying gentle, authoritarian-minded men with an interest in household chores, fashion, and beauty.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128860867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2022.403
E. Zavidovskaia
The paper addresses Qing dynasty albums containing illustrations and notes about ethnic groups of southwest China usually termed as Baimiaotu 百苗圖, or Miao albums, there are Miao albums illustrating ethnic groups of Guizhou, Yunnan, Hunan, Hainan and Taiwan. Library of St Petesrburg State University holds four hand-painted albums — two on Yunnan, two on Guizhou. Over a hundred Miao albums are scattered across the world, with most valuable early editions, some with dates and prefaces, are housed in the Western museums and universities. The paper shows approaches to systematization of the albums showing Guizhou ethnic groups, including such criteria as number of pictures (usually either 82 or 40), the position of the picture and text, special features of pictures (human figures with or without background), some conclusions are based on the typology of albums housed in Guizhou, which was proposed by Chinese scholars. The paper discusses under what circumstances the number of pictures has increased from 40 to 82 at the turn of the 19th century, what sources on Guizhou were used for annotations. The paper compares illustrations and texts from two St Petersburg University albums and those from the US collections. Conclusion about necessity of deeper study of primary sources, which provided basis for Miao albums, e. g., local gazetteers, “Qing Imperial Illustrations of Tributary Peoples” (1761) etc. is made.
{"title":"Qing Dynasty Miao Albums Illustrating Ethic Groups of Guizhou Province: Attribution and Album Genealogy","authors":"E. Zavidovskaia","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2022.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.403","url":null,"abstract":"The paper addresses Qing dynasty albums containing illustrations and notes about ethnic groups of southwest China usually termed as Baimiaotu 百苗圖, or Miao albums, there are Miao albums illustrating ethnic groups of Guizhou, Yunnan, Hunan, Hainan and Taiwan. Library of St Petesrburg State University holds four hand-painted albums — two on Yunnan, two on Guizhou. Over a hundred Miao albums are scattered across the world, with most valuable early editions, some with dates and prefaces, are housed in the Western museums and universities. The paper shows approaches to systematization of the albums showing Guizhou ethnic groups, including such criteria as number of pictures (usually either 82 or 40), the position of the picture and text, special features of pictures (human figures with or without background), some conclusions are based on the typology of albums housed in Guizhou, which was proposed by Chinese scholars. The paper discusses under what circumstances the number of pictures has increased from 40 to 82 at the turn of the 19th century, what sources on Guizhou were used for annotations. The paper compares illustrations and texts from two St Petersburg University albums and those from the US collections. Conclusion about necessity of deeper study of primary sources, which provided basis for Miao albums, e. g., local gazetteers, “Qing Imperial Illustrations of Tributary Peoples” (1761) etc. is made.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129080864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2021.207
A. M. Karapetyants, Elena A. Timchishena
The article presents an attempt to formally construct a lexical-semantic field for the Chinese language, taking into account the fact that the concept of such a field presupposes a certain classification system of the vocabulary, which is divided into large and small groups ordered in relation to each other. Due to the presence in the Chinese language of a large number of copulative complexes, paradigmatic relations of semantic proximity are expressed in syntagmatic relations of juxtaposition, which allowed the authors of the article to construct semantic fields based on the data of normative dictionaries and vocabulary lists. This article presents formal methods for constructing a semantic field for the modern Chinese language, a semantic method for fixing the language. It is based on a graphical representation of combinations of symbols (synographic images) and their explanations in dictionaries and wordlists of the modern Chinese language. As typical examples, the sphere of designations of emotions and verbs with the meanings of purchase and sale was chosen. The article defines the features of the structure of the lexical-semantic field of the verbs of sale and purchase, reveals the lexical units that are included in the core, near and far periphery. The material presented in the article indicates that in the case of the Chinese language, a similar method of constructing a lexical-semantic field can be applied both to tokens with an abstract meaning and to tokens with a specific meaning.
{"title":"The Principles of the Formal Construction of the Lexical-Semantic Field in Modern Chinese","authors":"A. M. Karapetyants, Elena A. Timchishena","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2021.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2021.207","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an attempt to formally construct a lexical-semantic field for the Chinese language, taking into account the fact that the concept of such a field presupposes a certain classification system of the vocabulary, which is divided into large and small groups ordered in relation to each other. Due to the presence in the Chinese language of a large number of copulative complexes, paradigmatic relations of semantic proximity are expressed in syntagmatic relations of juxtaposition, which allowed the authors of the article to construct semantic fields based on the data of normative dictionaries and vocabulary lists. This article presents formal methods for constructing a semantic field for the modern Chinese language, a semantic method for fixing the language. It is based on a graphical representation of combinations of symbols (synographic images) and their explanations in dictionaries and wordlists of the modern Chinese language. As typical examples, the sphere of designations of emotions and verbs with the meanings of purchase and sale was chosen. The article defines the features of the structure of the lexical-semantic field of the verbs of sale and purchase, reveals the lexical units that are included in the core, near and far periphery. The material presented in the article indicates that in the case of the Chinese language, a similar method of constructing a lexical-semantic field can be applied both to tokens with an abstract meaning and to tokens with a specific meaning.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132965333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21638/SPBU13.2019.201
R. Liu
{"title":"Survey about the Catalog of Books from the Northern Cathedral (Beitang) Library Stored in the Archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia","authors":"R. Liu","doi":"10.21638/SPBU13.2019.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/SPBU13.2019.201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122994614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2023.105
E. Napolnova, K. Verkhova
In the history of Ottoman and modern Turkish literary languages, all the characteristic literary language features of pre-national and national periods respectively (processed, ordered, selection of linguistic means, conscious regulation and codification, etc.) can be traced. The transition from the former to the latter at the beginning of the twentieth century occurred in the form of a linguistic revolution, leading to fundamental changes at different language levels. This still active process is aimed at forming a language norm and creating means that meet the characteristics of individual functional areas of the literary language. Changes in vocabulary are more obvious, better studied and currently focused on creating new, Turkicbased lexemes to replace foreign borrowings. Syntactic changes, no less significant, aim to develop statement structure to facilitate adequate construction and understanding, while maintaining the features of the Turkic system, but these processes are not studied sufficiently. Active formation of the Turkish literary language takes place during a period of rapid development of the media — a functional sphere which occupies a special position due to its wide social base. According to several researchers, the current media language is considered representative of literary languages. This necessitates studying the trends in syntactic structure changes of the Turkish sentence, in order to trace general trends in the development of syntax diachronically, help create a general up-to-date picture of the syntax of the modern literary language, on the basis of a comparative analysis, to determine the main patterns in the development of Turkic syntax, and while teaching Turkish — to concentrate on students’ active acquisition of the most commonly used syntactic means.
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Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.21638/spbu13.2022.303
Appolinaria S. Avrutina, Sabri Gürses
The article is devoted to the review of the history of translations of Fyodor Dostoevsky into Turkish. Currently, Dostoevsky is one of the most popular foreign writers in Turkey, and according to the Turkish book market, one of the most purchased authors. By decision of the Ministry of Public Education, since 2004, the works of the Russian classic have been included in the recommendatory part of the school curriculum, so it is difficult to find a person inTurkey who would not read Dostoevsky. The history of Dostoevsky’s translations into Turkish evolved in a special way: back in the late 19th - early 20th century there were none, since the Department of Russian Language and Literature in Turkey first opened in 1935, but the first translations appeared only in the 1920s and performed from French. However, subsequently the popularity of the writer grew so much that absolutely all of his works were translated into Turkish, and some even several times. Classical Russian literature had a special influence on Turkish literature of the 20th century, and Dostoevsky’s works are the most important literary basis for their own work for many Turkish writers. For example, the recently translated into Russian novel “The Idiot” by the American writer of Turkish origin Elif Batuman, who was born and raised in the United States, as well as the novel by the young prose writer Burhan Sonmez “Istanbul. Istanbul”. Despite the late appearance of Dostoevsky’s works on the Turkish book market and late acquaintance with the Turkish reader, Dostoevsky became one of the most popular and beloved Russian writers among Turks of almost all ages (which is confirmed by the publication of Dostoevsky’s works in an adapted form for children). The authors of the article analyzed the history of translations of Dostoevsky’s novels into Turkish and came to the conclusion that the appearance of a large number of translations is explained not only by the great popularity of the Russian language and culture in modern Turkey, and not only by the cinematic popularity of Dostoevsky all over the world, but also by a high reader demand for his texts, since Dostoevsky’s works meet the cultural and moral needs of modern Turkish society.
{"title":"Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky in Turkey: History of Translations","authors":"Appolinaria S. Avrutina, Sabri Gürses","doi":"10.21638/spbu13.2022.303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu13.2022.303","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the review of the history of translations of Fyodor Dostoevsky into Turkish. Currently, Dostoevsky is one of the most popular foreign writers in Turkey, and according to the Turkish book market, one of the most purchased authors. By decision of the Ministry of Public Education, since 2004, the works of the Russian classic have been included in the recommendatory part of the school curriculum, so it is difficult to find a person inTurkey who would not read Dostoevsky. The history of Dostoevsky’s translations into Turkish evolved in a special way: back in the late 19th - early 20th century there were none, since the Department of Russian Language and Literature in Turkey first opened in 1935, but the first translations appeared only in the 1920s and performed from French. However, subsequently the popularity of the writer grew so much that absolutely all of his works were translated into Turkish, and some even several times. Classical Russian literature had a special influence on Turkish literature of the 20th century, and Dostoevsky’s works are the most important literary basis for their own work for many Turkish writers. For example, the recently translated into Russian novel “The Idiot” by the American writer of Turkish origin Elif Batuman, who was born and raised in the United States, as well as the novel by the young prose writer Burhan Sonmez “Istanbul. Istanbul”. Despite the late appearance of Dostoevsky’s works on the Turkish book market and late acquaintance with the Turkish reader, Dostoevsky became one of the most popular and beloved Russian writers among Turks of almost all ages (which is confirmed by the publication of Dostoevsky’s works in an adapted form for children). The authors of the article analyzed the history of translations of Dostoevsky’s novels into Turkish and came to the conclusion that the appearance of a large number of translations is explained not only by the great popularity of the Russian language and culture in modern Turkey, and not only by the cinematic popularity of Dostoevsky all over the world, but also by a high reader demand for his texts, since Dostoevsky’s works meet the cultural and moral needs of modern Turkish society.","PeriodicalId":342908,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Asian and African Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125865268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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