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Calculation of Time-Varying Mesh Stiffness of Internal Gears based on Precise Tooth Profile and Dynamic Analysis of Planetary Systems with Root Cracks 基于精确齿形的内齿轮时变啮合刚度计算和有齿根裂纹的行星系统动态分析
Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.34257/gjreavol24is1pg29
Dongjiang Cao, Fengwei Qin, Lisong Cao, Chang Hongjjie
The internal meshing spur gear pair is the research object, and the potential energy method is applied to calculate the time-varying meshing stiffness of the internal gear. The internal gear tooth profile is divided into two parts: involute and transition curves, and the gear tooth stiffness is calculated by numerical integration based on accurate tooth profile, which improves the calculation accuracy. Analyzed the influence of different crack size parameters on the stiffness of internal meshing gears. A coupled dynamic model of a planetary system with internal gear crack faults was established, and the influence of cracks on the dynamic response of the planetary system was studied using Zoom-FFT spectrum and cepstrum analysis methods. The simulation results show that as the crack parameter size increases, the mesh stiffness of the internal gear pair gradually weakens, and the periodic vibration impact of the planetary-internal gear pair is also more severe. Cepstrum analysis can easily capture weak fault characteristic frequency information in the system and discover their variation patterns. The research results can provide a theoretical basis for the state monitoring and fault diagnosis of gear systems with crack defects.
以内啮合正齿轮副为研究对象,采用势能法计算内齿轮的时变啮合刚度。将内齿轮齿廓分为渐开线和过渡曲线两部分,在精确齿廓的基础上通过数值积分计算齿轮齿面刚度,提高了计算精度。分析了不同裂纹尺寸参数对内啮合齿轮刚度的影响。建立了带有内齿轮裂纹故障的行星系统耦合动态模型,并利用 Zoom-FFT 频谱和倒频谱分析方法研究了裂纹对行星系统动态响应的影响。仿真结果表明,随着裂纹参数尺寸的增大,内齿轮副的啮合刚度逐渐减弱,行星-内齿轮副的周期性振动影响也更加严重。倒频谱分析可以轻松捕捉系统中的弱故障特征频率信息,并发现其变化规律。研究成果可为存在裂纹缺陷的齿轮系统的状态监测和故障诊断提供理论依据。
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引用次数: 0
A Survey on Methods to Optimize Power Harvesting in Drones 无人机电能收集优化方法调查
Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.34257/gjreavol24is1pg21
Dr. Fath Elrahman Ismaeal Ahmed, Gihad Abdelaziz Abdelghani Ibrahim, Khalil.B. Ahmed. A, Hajir Saeed, Suhail Kamil
This paper explores the challenges associated with limited battery capacity in drones and presents a comprehensive analysis of strategies to optimize energy harvesting and extend flight durations. Various energy generation methods, including piezoelectric and solar harvesting, are discussed, along with electrical circuit generation for wireless charging and communication-enabled energy delivery. The interdisciplinary nature of drone technology is highlighted, emphasizing the need for ongoing research in renewable energy models and innovative solutions like laser charging. The paper concludes with recommendations for further exploration and refinement of these strategies to enhance the future of UAVs.
本文探讨了无人机电池容量有限所带来的挑战,并对优化能量采集和延长飞行时间的策略进行了全面分析。文中讨论了各种能源生成方法,包括压电和太阳能收集,以及用于无线充电和通信能源传输的电路生成。论文强调了无人机技术的跨学科性质,强调了持续研究可再生能源模型和激光充电等创新解决方案的必要性。论文最后提出了进一步探索和完善这些战略的建议,以促进无人机的未来发展。
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引用次数: 0
Hydrogen for Mobility: A Pathway to a Zero Carbon Transportation System 氢能交通:实现零碳交通系统的途径
Pub Date : 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.34257/gjreavol24is1pg1
Marc Abbott
Eliminating hydrocarbon transportation must be a fundamental goal for society if we are to negate Climate Change and its consequences. No source of CO2 emissions comes close to that of hydrocarbon fueled internal combustion engines and if we are to transition to a zero-carbon energy system, a viable alternative to hydrocarbon fuels must be found. Lithium-Ion powered vehicles or EV’s present society with a paradox, they emit zero emissions however the life cycle of Lithium-Ion batteries is a source of environmental concern through mining, deforestation of carbon sinks, the immense electrification requirements for battery production, recycling, and recharging.This communication proposes Hydrogen for Mobility as the future fuel for a pathway to a Zero Carbon Transportation System through utilizing both the existing internal combustion engine (ICE) and most existing transportation infrastructure, at the same time being cost effective, efficient and zero emitting. An overview of technologies will be discussed along with their Technology Readiness, benefits, and issues. This discussion expands on the concepts discussed in ‘Mobile Modular Hydrogen Power Generation – a Zero Carbon Energy System’. https://doi.org/10.5296/ijgs.v7i1.xxxx
如果我们要消除气候变化及其后果,消除碳氢化合物运输必须成为社会的基本目标。如果我们要过渡到零碳能源系统,就必须找到碳氢化合物燃料的可行替代品。锂离子动力汽车或电动汽车给社会带来了一个悖论,它们是零排放的,但锂离子电池的生命周期却因采矿、碳汇森林的砍伐、电池生产的巨大电气化需求、回收和充电等问题而引发环境问题。本文建议将氢能作为未来实现零碳交通系统的燃料,利用现有的内燃机(ICE)和大多数现有的交通基础设施,同时兼顾成本效益、效率和零排放。将对各种技术进行概述,并讨论其技术就绪程度、优势和问题。本讨论是对《移动模块化氢能发电--零碳能源系统》中讨论的概念的扩展。https://doi.org/10.5296/ijgs.v7i1.xxxx。
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引用次数: 0
Optimizing Smart Factories: A Data-Driven Approach 优化智能工厂:数据驱动法
Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.34257/gjregvol23is3pg15
Janne Heilala, Antti Salminen, Wallace Moreira Bessa, Jussi Kantola
Since the first industrial revolution, the leading role of emerging technologies has been highlighted in modernizing the industry and developing the workforce. This study explores the impact of Industry 4.0 digital technologies on manufacturing competitiveness, focusing on Finnish SMEs within the EU with a sample (n = 123). It utilizes extensive 2022 European Manufacturing Survey (EMS22) data. Advanced statistical techniques reveal complex connections between automation, competitive edge on services, and innovation models, among other factors. Robust statistical methods, including component and reliability analyses, reinforced the findings. The conclusion offers critical insights and identifies areas for further research in combining innovative manufacturing practices with technology education.
自第一次工业革命以来,新兴技术在工业现代化和劳动力发展中的主导作用一直备受瞩目。本研究以欧盟范围内的芬兰中小企业为样本(n = 123),探讨了工业 4.0 数字技术对制造业竞争力的影响。研究利用了大量 2022 年欧洲制造业调查(EMS22)数据。先进的统计技术揭示了自动化、服务竞争优势和创新模式等因素之间的复杂联系。包括组件和可靠性分析在内的可靠统计方法强化了研究结果。结论提供了重要见解,并指出了将创新制造实践与技术教育相结合的进一步研究领域。
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引用次数: 0
Systems Energodynamic Approach as an Instrument of Increasing Efficiency of Engineering Developments 系统能源动力法作为提高工程开发效率的工具
Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.34257/gjregvol23is3pg1
I. N. Dorokhov, Doc. V. Etkin
It is shown that the systems energydynamic approach, which takes into account the local heterogeneity of a natural object, significantly expands the capabilities of thermodynamic analysis and radically changes the conclusions of all fundamental theories based on hypotheses, postulates and model ideas about the mechanism of natural phenomena.
研究表明,系统能量动力学方法考虑到了自然物体的局部异质性,极大地扩展了热力学分析的能力,并从根本上改变了所有基于自然现象机理的假设、假定和模型思想的基础理论的结论。
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引用次数: 0
Developing Kruger Shalati: The Train on the Bridge 发展克鲁格-沙拉提桥上的火车
Pub Date : 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.34257/gjreevol23is4pg1
Gert Noordzy, Richard Whitfield, Li-Chun Lin, Tshepo Makhudu
This is a case study on the development of the Kruger Shalati: The Train on the Bridge, a themed, luxury boutique hotel in Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa. Two key drivers of this project were authenticity and a strong ethos for Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG). Considering the target market the hotel serves and the local situation, this case study explains why modular construction was better to build parts of the property, instead of using traditional in situ construction methods. It further explains how the hotel was built, and the challenges that had to be addressed to complete the project. Finally, it examines how the use of modular construction methods and the uniqueness of the project impacted the normal hotel pre-opening activities and ongoing hotel operations. This case study has been prepared after reviewing published materials about the project and extensively interviewing five senior members of the project team.
这是一个关于克鲁格沙拉蒂酒店开发的案例研究:桥上的火车 "的案例研究,这是一家位于南非克鲁格国家公园(KNP)的主题豪华精品酒店。该项目的两个关键驱动因素是真实性和强烈的环境、社会和治理(ESG)理念。考虑到酒店所服务的目标市场和当地情况,本案例研究解释了为何采用模块化建筑来建造酒店的部分设施,而不是使用传统的现场施工方法。案例研究还进一步解释了酒店的建造过程,以及为完成项目而必须应对的挑战。最后,研究了模块化施工方法的使用和项目的独特性如何影响正常的酒店开业前活动和酒店的持续运营。在编写本案例研究报告之前,我们查阅了有关该项目的公开资料,并广泛采访了项目团队的五位资深成员。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling of CO Oxidation by Diffusion of Oxygen Atoms in Ceria-Zirconia Particulates in a Three-Way Catalyst Particle Membrane Filter 三向催化剂微粒膜过滤器中氧化铈-氧化锆微粒中氧原子扩散的 CO 氧化模拟
Pub Date : 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.34257/gjrecvol23is1pg33
P. Koko, Katsunori Hanamura
In order to design a microporous membrane filter comprising Three-way Catalyst (TWC) particles with a size distribution of 1 to 2 microns, isothermal CO oxidation experiments and numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the transport of oxygen atoms within primary Ceria-Zirconia (CZ) particulates. These spherical TWC particles were fabricated through the agglomeration of primary CZ and alumina particulates, incorporating Pd and Rh catalysts. By comparing experimental CO2 emissions with simulation results over time, a temperature-dependent diffusion coefficient was determined. The simulation results reveal that the effective distance of oxygen atom transport within CZ particulates, heterogeneously distributed in the spherical TWC particle, is limited to approximately 100 nm from the surface of agglomerated spherical TWC particles within a temperature range of 175 to 225°C.
为了设计一种由尺寸分布为 1 至 2 微米的三向催化剂(TWC)颗粒组成的微孔膜过滤器,我们进行了一氧化碳等温氧化实验和数值模拟,以研究氧原子在原生氧化锆(CZ)颗粒内的传输。这些球形 TWC 颗粒是通过初级 CZ 和氧化铝颗粒的团聚以及 Pd 和 Rh 催化剂制成的。通过比较实验二氧化碳排放量和随时间变化的模拟结果,确定了随温度变化的扩散系数。模拟结果表明,在 175 至 225°C 的温度范围内,氧原子在 CZ 粒子(异质分布在球形 TWC 粒子中)内传输的有效距离被限制在距离团聚球形 TWC 粒子表面约 100 nm 的范围内。
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引用次数: 0
In vestigation the Impact of Silicon Film Thickness on FDSOI and PDSOI MOSFET Characteristics 研究了硅膜厚度对FDSOI和PDSOI MOSFET特性的影响
Pub Date : 2023-08-12 DOI: 10.34257/gjrefvol23is2pg1
Towhid A. Chowdhury
The performance of chip is degraded because of the short-channel effect (SCE) as the metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) size scales down. Silicon on insulator (SOI) technology helps to reduce the short channel effects and permits a good solution to the miniaturization. The electrical characteristics of fully depleted SOI (FDSOI) and partially depleted SOI (PDSOI) n-channel MOSFET (N-MOSFET) are investigated as silicon film thickness is varied in this paper. Both transistors are compared in terms of electrical parameters which are the threshold voltage, subthreshold slope, on-state current, leakage current and drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL). Silvaco TCAD tools are used for simulating both PDSOI and FDSOI MOSFETs. FDSOI MOSFET is superior to PDSOI MOSFET based on found simulation results.
随着金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(MOSFET)尺寸的减小,短通道效应(SCE)会降低芯片的性能。绝缘体上硅(SOI)技术有助于减少短通道效应,为微型化提供了一个很好的解决方案。本文研究了完全耗尽SOI (FDSOI)和部分耗尽SOI (PDSOI) n沟道MOSFET (N-MOSFET)在硅膜厚度变化时的电学特性。比较了两种晶体管的电学参数,即阈值电压、亚阈值斜率、导通电流、泄漏电流和漏极感应势垒降低(DIBL)。Silvaco TCAD工具用于模拟PDSOI和FDSOI mosfet。仿真结果表明,FDSOI MOSFET优于PDSOI MOSFET。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the Risk of Injury for Aircraft Attendants using Virtual Reality and Advanced Motion Tracking System Integrated with Ergonomics Analysis 基于虚拟现实和先进运动跟踪系统与人体工程学分析相结合的空乘人员受伤风险评估
Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.34257/gjregvol23is2pg1
Xiaoxu Ji, Ethan Swierski, Maria Arenas, R. O. Hettiarachchige, Xin Gao, Jizhou Tong
Aircraft attendants are at a high risk of occupational injuries and illnesses, leading to substantial compensation costs and staff shortages in the aviation industry. To address this issue, this study introduces an innovative virtual reality technique and advanced motion tracking system integrated with ergonomics tools to effectively evaluate the risk of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among aircraft attendants during their routine tasks. The study involved twenty-two participants who performed two common tasks: opening/closing the passenger door,and lifting luggage from the floor and placing it into the overhead compartment. The inappropriate postures were identified, which resulted in excessive strain on the participants’ lower back. By analyzing the impact of biomechanical variables, such as object weight, body height, and trunk motion, on the lower back, the study provides valuable insights that can inform the development of safety training programs and real-time monitoring approaches for injury prevention. Additionally, this innovative technology can be applied to other occupational fields.
空乘人员面临职业伤害和疾病的高风险,导致航空业的巨额赔偿费用和人员短缺。为了解决这一问题,本研究引入了一种创新的虚拟现实技术和先进的运动跟踪系统,结合人体工程学工具,有效地评估空乘人员在日常工作中肌肉骨骼疾病(MSDs)的风险。这项研究涉及22名参与者,他们执行两项常见的任务:打开/关闭乘客门,从地板上提起行李并将其放入头顶的行李箱中。确定了不适当的姿势,这导致参与者的下背部过度紧张。通过分析生物力学变量(如物体重量、身体高度和躯干运动)对下背部的影响,该研究提供了有价值的见解,可以为安全训练计划的制定和伤害预防的实时监测方法提供信息。此外,这项创新技术可以应用于其他职业领域。
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引用次数: 0
From Gaussian Distribution to Weibull Distribution 从高斯分布到威布尔分布
Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.34257/gjreivol23is1pg1
Xu Jiajin, Gao Zhentong
The Gaussian distribution is one of the most widely used statistical distributions, but there are a lot of data that do not conform to Gaussian distribution. For example, structural fatigue life is mostly in accordance with the Weibull distribution rather than the Gaussian distribution, and the Weibull distribution is in a sense a more general full state distribution than the Gaussian distribution. However, the biggest obstacle affecting the application of the Weibull distribution is the complexity of the Weibull distribution, especially the estimation of its three parameters is relatively difficult. In order to avoid this difficulty, people used to solve this problem by taking the logarithm to make the data appear to be more consistent with the Gaussian distribution. But in fact, this approach is problematic, because from the physical point of view, the structure of the data has changed and the physical meaning has changed, so it is not appropriate to use logarithmic Gaussian distribution to fit the original data after logarithm. The author thinks that Z.T. Gao method can give the estimation of three parameters of Weibull distribution conveniently, which lays a solid mathematical foundation for Weibull distribution to directly fit the original data.
高斯分布是应用最广泛的统计分布之一,但是有很多数据不符合高斯分布。例如,结构疲劳寿命大多符合威布尔分布而不是高斯分布,威布尔分布在某种意义上是比高斯分布更一般的全状态分布。然而,影响威布尔分布应用的最大障碍是威布尔分布的复杂性,特别是其三个参数的估计比较困难。为了避免这个困难,人们过去常常通过取对数来解决这个问题,使数据看起来更符合高斯分布。但实际上,这种方法是有问题的,因为从物理角度来看,数据的结构发生了变化,物理意义也发生了变化,所以用对数高斯分布对原始数据进行对数后拟合是不合适的。作者认为,该方法可以方便地给出威布尔分布的三个参数的估计,为威布尔分布直接拟合原始数据奠定了坚实的数学基础。
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引用次数: 0
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Global Journal of Researches in Engineering
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