Pub Date : 2022-10-28DOI: 10.33102/mjsl.vol10no2.358
Karima Mahrouk
من المسائل الخلافية الماسة بالأسرة النزاع حول متاع البيت لاسيما ملكيته، وهي الملكية التي قد يدعيها كل من الزوجين، أو أحدهما وورثة الآخر، أو ورثتهما معا في حال وفاتهما. وقد عالج المشرع الجزائري هذه المشكلة في نص المادة 73 ق.أ.ج بإقراره أنه: "إذا وقع نزاع بين الزوجين أو ورثتهما في متاع البيت، وليس لأحدهما بينة فالقول للزوجة أو ورثتها مع اليمين في المعتاد للنساء، والقول للزوج أو ورثته مع اليمين في المعتاد للرجال. والمشتركات بينهما يتقاسمانها مع اليمين". ويعد طريق الاثبات له خصوصية استدعته الطبيعة الخاصة لمنازعات الواقعة على متاع البيت. تهدف الدراسة إلى بيان اهم الإشكالات التي يثريها متاع البيت بين الزجين او ورثة أحدهما وكيف تصد ى الفقه والقانون لها محاولا وجود حلول ترجحيه للحد منها. استخدمت الباحثة منهج البحث العقائدي لتحليل الوثائق ذات الصلة بعنوان الدراسة. من خلال المادة 73 قانون الأسرة المذكورة أعلاه نلاحظ أن المشرع وضعها في الفصل الثاني المتعلق بآثار الطلاق وهنا نوجه النقد على أساس أمرين، الحديث هو نزاع بين مطلقين حول أثاث بيت الزوجية ومنه المسألة انحلال الزواج بالوفاة تخضع لقواعد الميراث المنوه عنها شرعا وقانونا. كان على المشرع اختيار المصطلح الصحيح فمنازعات متاع البيت تثور عند الطلاق يجعل من الزوجية منفكة وبالتالي يسقط عن المرأة المطلقة مصطلح "الزوجة" كما يسقط عن الرجل المطلق مصطلح "الزوج". توصي هذه الدراسة أن هناك أمر ضرورة الاحتفاظ بالفواتير والوصولات التي تمكنها من إثباتما اقتنته أثناء الحياة الزوجية وأن النزاع إذا لم يكن بينها وبين زوجها قد يكون مع ورثته حول هذا المتاع. توسيع مجال الإثبات في متاع البيتواجتهاد القضاء في إيجاد حلول أخرى لما يثيره.
{"title":"إشكالات متاع البيت: بين الحلول الفقهية والنص القانون الجزائر","authors":"Karima Mahrouk","doi":"10.33102/mjsl.vol10no2.358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol10no2.358","url":null,"abstract":"من المسائل الخلافية الماسة بالأسرة النزاع حول متاع البيت لاسيما ملكيته، وهي الملكية التي قد يدعيها كل من الزوجين، أو أحدهما وورثة الآخر، أو ورثتهما معا في حال وفاتهما. وقد عالج المشرع الجزائري هذه المشكلة في نص المادة 73 ق.أ.ج بإقراره أنه: \"إذا وقع نزاع بين الزوجين أو ورثتهما في متاع البيت، وليس لأحدهما بينة فالقول للزوجة أو ورثتها مع اليمين في المعتاد للنساء، والقول للزوج أو ورثته مع اليمين في المعتاد للرجال. والمشتركات بينهما يتقاسمانها مع اليمين\". ويعد طريق الاثبات له خصوصية استدعته الطبيعة الخاصة لمنازعات الواقعة على متاع البيت. تهدف الدراسة إلى بيان اهم الإشكالات التي يثريها متاع البيت بين الزجين او ورثة أحدهما وكيف تصد ى الفقه والقانون لها محاولا وجود حلول ترجحيه للحد منها. استخدمت الباحثة منهج البحث العقائدي لتحليل الوثائق ذات الصلة بعنوان الدراسة. من خلال المادة 73 قانون الأسرة المذكورة أعلاه نلاحظ أن المشرع وضعها في الفصل الثاني المتعلق بآثار الطلاق وهنا نوجه النقد على أساس أمرين، الحديث هو نزاع بين مطلقين حول أثاث بيت الزوجية ومنه المسألة انحلال الزواج بالوفاة تخضع لقواعد الميراث المنوه عنها شرعا وقانونا. كان على المشرع اختيار المصطلح الصحيح فمنازعات متاع البيت تثور عند الطلاق يجعل من الزوجية منفكة وبالتالي يسقط عن المرأة المطلقة مصطلح \"الزوجة\" كما يسقط عن الرجل المطلق مصطلح \"الزوج\". توصي هذه الدراسة أن هناك أمر ضرورة الاحتفاظ بالفواتير والوصولات التي تمكنها من إثباتما اقتنته أثناء الحياة الزوجية وأن النزاع إذا لم يكن بينها وبين زوجها قد يكون مع ورثته حول هذا المتاع. توسيع مجال الإثبات في متاع البيتواجتهاد القضاء في إيجاد حلول أخرى لما يثيره.","PeriodicalId":34345,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48154995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-12DOI: 10.33102/mjsl.vol10no2.394
Julie Lefolle
The Islamic world has been confronted with many challenges in recent history such as situations of violence, armed conflict, global pandemic and natural disasters. One of the many catastrophic consequences of such events are the findings of numerous unidentified bodies. Is the identification of dead bodies a legal obligation under both Islamic law and International Humanitarian Law (IHL) or is it merely a moral duty to help grieving family members? The purpose of this research is first, to give an overview of the Islamic law principles governing the identification of the dead. Second, to illustrate those principles with current examples of humanitarian challenges in the Islamic world. Third, to compare those Islamic law principles to IHL rules applicable in armed conflicts and demonstrate that both IHL and Islamic Law aim to end the suffering of families of missing persons. This research demonstrates that both Islamic law and IHL have rules which aim to protect the dignity and respect of dead bodies and they complement each other in contexts of armed conflicts or other situations of violence. By identifying the similarities and complementarities of both bodies of law this research paper contributes to expanding the legal framework which can be promoted and used by humanitarians to protect families of the dead and end their suffering by obtaining information on the fate and whereabouts of their loved ones. In cases of mismanagement of the dead, in Muslim contexts, resulting in the burial of unidentified bodies, humanitarians should discuss with religious authorities and raise the various principles of Islamic law described in this paper such as the prohibition of collective graves and cremation and the exceptions made in practice for the exhumation of dead bodies. International scholars should also underscore the importance of storing information on the deceased before burying them and of participating in the development of forensic science in Islamic countries.
{"title":"IDENTIFICATION OF THE DEAD UNDER ISLAMIC LAW AND INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW: AN ANALYSIS","authors":"Julie Lefolle","doi":"10.33102/mjsl.vol10no2.394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol10no2.394","url":null,"abstract":"The Islamic world has been confronted with many challenges in recent history such as situations of violence, armed conflict, global pandemic and natural disasters. One of the many catastrophic consequences of such events are the findings of numerous unidentified bodies. Is the identification of dead bodies a legal obligation under both Islamic law and International Humanitarian Law (IHL) or is it merely a moral duty to help grieving family members? The purpose of this research is first, to give an overview of the Islamic law principles governing the identification of the dead. Second, to illustrate those principles with current examples of humanitarian challenges in the Islamic world. Third, to compare those Islamic law principles to IHL rules applicable in armed conflicts and demonstrate that both IHL and Islamic Law aim to end the suffering of families of missing persons. This research demonstrates that both Islamic law and IHL have rules which aim to protect the dignity and respect of dead bodies and they complement each other in contexts of armed conflicts or other situations of violence. By identifying the similarities and complementarities of both bodies of law this research paper contributes to expanding the legal framework which can be promoted and used by humanitarians to protect families of the dead and end their suffering by obtaining information on the fate and whereabouts of their loved ones. In cases of mismanagement of the dead, in Muslim contexts, resulting in the burial of unidentified bodies, humanitarians should discuss with religious authorities and raise the various principles of Islamic law described in this paper such as the prohibition of collective graves and cremation and the exceptions made in practice for the exhumation of dead bodies. International scholars should also underscore the importance of storing information on the deceased before burying them and of participating in the development of forensic science in Islamic countries.","PeriodicalId":34345,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45124499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-06DOI: 10.33102/mjsl.vol10no2.404
S. Farrar
This article examines the legal (sharʿī) validity and practical relevance of Sufism in the modern era through exploring the life and works of the contemporary Mālikī scholar, Shaykh ʿAbdullāh Bin Bayyah. Famous for his works in Mālikī Fiqh, Uṣūl al-Fiqh and global work with Muslim minorities (especially Fiqh al-ʿAqalliyāt), Shaykh bin Bayyah is less well-known for his Sufism. And yet, the life and works of the religious figurehead of a network that extends from West and North Africa, and the Gulf countries, to the United Kingdom and the west coast of the United States of America, provide an illuminating window on some forms of contemporary Sufism. Drawing upon official biographies, secondary literature, a personal interview, and a key, as yet unpublished, text, Al-Mākhidh ʿalā al-Taṣawwuf (The Criticisms of Sufism), the author argues Bin Bayyah has a distinctive (though not necessarily unique) practical approach to Sufism that is most relevant to our times. Not only does it help provide a balanced, tolerant, and learned antidote to religious extremism, which is firmly rooted in the Syariah, his practical Sufism also lays the foundations of a path towards civic contribution of Ṣūfī communities in fields as diverse as education, prison reform and peace-making.
本文通过对当代Mālikī学者ShaykhʿAbdullāh Bin Bayyah的生活和作品的探索，考察了现代苏菲主义的法律效力和实践相关性。以其在MālikīFiqh，U的作品而闻名ṣ在与穆斯林少数民族（尤其是Fiqh al-ʿAqalliāt）的全球合作中，沙伊赫·本·拜亚的苏菲主义并不那么出名。然而，这个从西非、北非、海湾国家延伸到英国和美利坚合众国西海岸的网络的宗教领袖的生活和作品，为当代苏菲派的某些形式提供了一扇明亮的窗户。根据官方传记、二级文献、个人采访和一本尚未出版的关键文本《Al-MākhidhʿAl-āAl-Ta》ṣ作者认为，本·拜亚对苏菲主义有着独特的（尽管不一定是独特的）实践方法，这与我们的时代最为相关。这不仅有助于为宗教极端主义提供一种平衡、宽容和习得的解药，而宗教极端主义深深植根于伊斯兰教法，他务实的苏菲主义也为实现公民贡献奠定了基础Ṣ在教育、监狱改革和缔造和平等不同领域的拉丁裔社区。
{"title":"SHARIAH-BASED SUFISM IN THE MODERN ERA: A LOOK AT THE WORK OF SHAYKH ABDULLAH BIN BAYYAH","authors":"S. Farrar","doi":"10.33102/mjsl.vol10no2.404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol10no2.404","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the legal (sharʿī) validity and practical relevance of Sufism in the modern era through exploring the life and works of the contemporary Mālikī scholar, Shaykh ʿAbdullāh Bin Bayyah. Famous for his works in Mālikī Fiqh, Uṣūl al-Fiqh and global work with Muslim minorities (especially Fiqh al-ʿAqalliyāt), Shaykh bin Bayyah is less well-known for his Sufism. And yet, the life and works of the religious figurehead of a network that extends from West and North Africa, and the Gulf countries, to the United Kingdom and the west coast of the United States of America, provide an illuminating window on some forms of contemporary Sufism. Drawing upon official biographies, secondary literature, a personal interview, and a key, as yet unpublished, text, Al-Mākhidh ʿalā al-Taṣawwuf (The Criticisms of Sufism), the author argues Bin Bayyah has a distinctive (though not necessarily unique) practical approach to Sufism that is most relevant to our times. Not only does it help provide a balanced, tolerant, and learned antidote to religious extremism, which is firmly rooted in the Syariah, his practical Sufism also lays the foundations of a path towards civic contribution of Ṣūfī communities in fields as diverse as education, prison reform and peace-making.","PeriodicalId":34345,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45064399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-27DOI: 10.33102/mjsl.vol10no2.347
A. Shittu, Shehu Folohun Ismail, Muhammad Nasiru Ndaman
Niger State of Nigeria is one of the twelve northern states of the federation which adopt Shariah as a legal system during the fourth republic. The state emphasizes social reconstructions in its approaches to Shariah implementation and hence, establishes Zakat and Endowment Board for collection and distribution of zakat items. This paper examines the activities of the Board within the time frame of 2001-2017 with the objective of identifying the level at which the aims of its establishment had been achieved. Historical research method was used in carrying out this work. Authors read previous literatures related to the work for background information and further conducted interview with stakeholders in the government and beneficiaries of the program. Result of the literature and information from the interviewee were analysed and discussed and findings of the work revealed that if Muslim individuals and concerned Muslim organisations did not stand up to strengthen the institution of Zakat in Niger state in particular and in the Shariah compliant states in general, the institution will be a shadow of itself. If poverty shall be alleviated through a veritable institution of zakat, it is recommended that formidable Islamic organizations in the state such as Jamaatu Nasrullahil Fatih Society of Nigeria (NASFAT) and Federation of Muslim Women Organisation of Nigeria (FOMWAN) should collectively work on creating an independent zakat board that will help in alleviating poverty in the state.
{"title":"SHARIAH AND SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIONS IN NORTHERN NIGERIA: EVIDENCE FROM NIGER STATE ZAKAT AND ENDOWMENT BOARD (2001-2017)","authors":"A. Shittu, Shehu Folohun Ismail, Muhammad Nasiru Ndaman","doi":"10.33102/mjsl.vol10no2.347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol10no2.347","url":null,"abstract":"Niger State of Nigeria is one of the twelve northern states of the federation which adopt Shariah as a legal system during the fourth republic. The state emphasizes social reconstructions in its approaches to Shariah implementation and hence, establishes Zakat and Endowment Board for collection and distribution of zakat items. This paper examines the activities of the Board within the time frame of 2001-2017 with the objective of identifying the level at which the aims of its establishment had been achieved. Historical research method was used in carrying out this work. Authors read previous literatures related to the work for background information and further conducted interview with stakeholders in the government and beneficiaries of the program. Result of the literature and information from the interviewee were analysed and discussed and findings of the work revealed that if Muslim individuals and concerned Muslim organisations did not stand up to strengthen the institution of Zakat in Niger state in particular and in the Shariah compliant states in general, the institution will be a shadow of itself. If poverty shall be alleviated through a veritable institution of zakat, it is recommended that formidable Islamic organizations in the state such as Jamaatu Nasrullahil Fatih Society of Nigeria (NASFAT) and Federation of Muslim Women Organisation of Nigeria (FOMWAN) should collectively work on creating an independent zakat board that will help in alleviating poverty in the state.","PeriodicalId":34345,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47459194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-27DOI: 10.33102/mjsl.vol10no2.306
Amylia Fuziana Azmi
In 2020, statistic reveals that a total number of 30 hibah cases have been registered in the Negeri Sembilan Syariah Courts. Interestingly, the total number of cases registered this year has decreased as compared to 51 cases for the previous year. This study analyses on the jurisdictions of the Syariah Courts in deciding hibah cases in Negeri Sembilan by taking into a consideration the recent outbreak of Covid-19. This study investigates the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the number of hibah cases brought before the Syariah Courts in the state of Negeri Sembilan. For this purpose, this study applies a doctrinal legal approach where the data collection is based on a library-based research and the statistic data collected from Negeri Sembilan Syariah Courts. Analysis was done on several important cases concerning the jurisdiction of the courts. This study discovers that the Covid-19 pandemic has an effect on the number of registered and resolved cases pertaining to hibah in Negeri Sembilan Syariah Courts. This study recommends that electronic method such as e-proceeding to be fully implemented so as to enable the public to access the court easily. It is hoped that findings of this study will shed light on the issue of jurisdictions concerning hibah and beneficial in providing clear and precise information on the jurisdiction of the Syariah Courts in deciding hibah matters.
{"title":"JURISDICTIONAL CONFLICTS IN FACING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: AN ANALYSIS OF HIBAH CASES IN NEGERI SEMBILAN SYARIAH COURTS","authors":"Amylia Fuziana Azmi","doi":"10.33102/mjsl.vol10no2.306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol10no2.306","url":null,"abstract":"In 2020, statistic reveals that a total number of 30 hibah cases have been registered in the Negeri Sembilan Syariah Courts. Interestingly, the total number of cases registered this year has decreased as compared to 51 cases for the previous year. This study analyses on the jurisdictions of the Syariah Courts in deciding hibah cases in Negeri Sembilan by taking into a consideration the recent outbreak of Covid-19. This study investigates the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the number of hibah cases brought before the Syariah Courts in the state of Negeri Sembilan. For this purpose, this study applies a doctrinal legal approach where the data collection is based on a library-based research and the statistic data collected from Negeri Sembilan Syariah Courts. Analysis was done on several important cases concerning the jurisdiction of the courts. This study discovers that the Covid-19 pandemic has an effect on the number of registered and resolved cases pertaining to hibah in Negeri Sembilan Syariah Courts. This study recommends that electronic method such as e-proceeding to be fully implemented so as to enable the public to access the court easily. It is hoped that findings of this study will shed light on the issue of jurisdictions concerning hibah and beneficial in providing clear and precise information on the jurisdiction of the Syariah Courts in deciding hibah matters.","PeriodicalId":34345,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42706913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.33102/mjsl.vol10no1.387
Azman Ab. Rahman, N. Lokman, Lutfi Mohamed Zain, Syed Mohd Najib Syed Omar, Setiyawan Gunardi
Rasuah dalam kalangan penjawat awam mahupun swasta sering menjadi topik perdebatan di negara-negara luar begitu juga Malaysia. Menurut laporan Suruhanjaya Pencegahan Rasuah Malaysia (SPRM), statistik jumlah tangkapan dari tahun 2014 hingga 2021 telah berlaku kenaikan mendadak sehingga 205 peratus iaitu bersamaan dengan 552 kes kepada 1125 kes. Bahkan Malaysia telah mencatatkan kehilangan hampir RM 1.8 trilion disebabkan kegiatan ini. Pelbagai langkah dan inisiatif telah diambil oleh kerajaan dalam menangani kegiatan rasuah namun laporan terhadap aktiviti ini tetap meningkat tidak menunjukkan sebarang tanda penurunan. Perkara utama yang perlu dititikberatkan sebelum menghasilkan kaedah yang terbaik adalah dengan mengenal pasti punca sesuatu perbuatan itu berlaku. Justeru, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menyumbang kepada aktiviti rasuah dan cabaran yang dihadapi oleh Malaysia dalam menanganinya. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan kaedah dokumentasi dan pemerhatian dalam proses pengumpulan data. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa faktor dalaman yang menyebabkan seseorang melakukan rasuah adalah kerana wujudnya peluang, kelemahan peribadi dan tidak berintegriti. Manakala faktor luaran adalah disebabkan oleh gaji yang rendah, tekanan kewangan dan tekanan kerja serta dasar negara yang kurang efektif. Penggunaan teknologi oleh pelaku bagi mengelakkan kegiatan rasuah dikesan, campur tangan dan kurang kerjasama daripada ahli politik serta kurang sokongan dan keyakinan orang awam pula merupakan cabaran yang dihadapi oleh kerajaan dan agensi pencegahan rasuah dalam menangani rasuah di Malaysia. Diharapkan kajian ini dapat dijadikan rujukan dan panduan kepada pihak yang berwajib bagi membendung jenayah rasuah untuk menjamin masyarakat dan individu berjawatan bebas daripada gejala rasuah. Kata Kunci: faktor, rasuah, cabaran, menangani
{"title":"ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR GEJALA RASUAH DAN CABARAN MENANGANINYA DI MALAYSIA","authors":"Azman Ab. Rahman, N. Lokman, Lutfi Mohamed Zain, Syed Mohd Najib Syed Omar, Setiyawan Gunardi","doi":"10.33102/mjsl.vol10no1.387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol10no1.387","url":null,"abstract":"Rasuah dalam kalangan penjawat awam mahupun swasta sering menjadi topik perdebatan di negara-negara luar begitu juga Malaysia. Menurut laporan Suruhanjaya Pencegahan Rasuah Malaysia (SPRM), statistik jumlah tangkapan dari tahun 2014 hingga 2021 telah berlaku kenaikan mendadak sehingga 205 peratus iaitu bersamaan dengan 552 kes kepada 1125 kes. Bahkan Malaysia telah mencatatkan kehilangan hampir RM 1.8 trilion disebabkan kegiatan ini. Pelbagai langkah dan inisiatif telah diambil oleh kerajaan dalam menangani kegiatan rasuah namun laporan terhadap aktiviti ini tetap meningkat tidak menunjukkan sebarang tanda penurunan. Perkara utama yang perlu dititikberatkan sebelum menghasilkan kaedah yang terbaik adalah dengan mengenal pasti punca sesuatu perbuatan itu berlaku. Justeru, artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menyumbang kepada aktiviti rasuah dan cabaran yang dihadapi oleh Malaysia dalam menanganinya. Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan kaedah dokumentasi dan pemerhatian dalam proses pengumpulan data. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa faktor dalaman yang menyebabkan seseorang melakukan rasuah adalah kerana wujudnya peluang, kelemahan peribadi dan tidak berintegriti. Manakala faktor luaran adalah disebabkan oleh gaji yang rendah, tekanan kewangan dan tekanan kerja serta dasar negara yang kurang efektif. Penggunaan teknologi oleh pelaku bagi mengelakkan kegiatan rasuah dikesan, campur tangan dan kurang kerjasama daripada ahli politik serta kurang sokongan dan keyakinan orang awam pula merupakan cabaran yang dihadapi oleh kerajaan dan agensi pencegahan rasuah dalam menangani rasuah di Malaysia. Diharapkan kajian ini dapat dijadikan rujukan dan panduan kepada pihak yang berwajib bagi membendung jenayah rasuah untuk menjamin masyarakat dan individu berjawatan bebas daripada gejala rasuah. \u0000Kata Kunci: faktor, rasuah, cabaran, menangani","PeriodicalId":34345,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45141761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.33102/mjsl.vol10no1.345
Fajar Rachmadhani, Mualimin MOCHAMMAD SAHID, Ahmad Wifaq Mokhtar
The study entitled " Implementation Of The Islamic Law Transformation’s Rule (Taghayyur Ahkām) During Covid-19 Pandemic In The Perspective Of Majelis Tarjih Muhammadiyah In Indonesia" aims to uncover and analyze one of the methods and rules of law-making (istinbāth ahkām) carried out by the Muhammadiyah fatwa institution, the Majelis Tarjih dan Tajdid, or known as "Manhaj Tarjih Muhammadiyah." One of the many methods used by Majelis Tarjih in issuing legal decisions and fatwas is the Rules of Islamic Law Transformation (taghayyur ahkām). The research also attempts to contextualize the rules of Islamic law transformation with the decisions or guidelines for the implementation of worship (Ibadah) that have been issued by the Muhammadiyah Central Leadership through the Majelis Tarjih, especially during the current Covid-19 pandemic. The results of this study are beneficial both practically and theoretically. The practical benefit of this research is that it may provide guidelines for the implementation of worship during the Covid-19 pandemic based on argumentative arguments and the principles and objectives of Islamic law, one of which is guarding religion (Hifz ad-Dīn) and guarding human lives (Hifz an-Nafs). Meanwhile, the theoretical benefits from this research are to expand the knowledge and discourse of Islamic scholarship, especially in the field of Islamic law. Thus, Islam can manifest in the midst of mankind to provide real solutions to existing problems. This research uses qualitative research focusing on library research with descriptive analysis. Consequently, the researchers applied the Ijtihād of Majelis Tarjih’s Method known as "Manhaj Tarjih Muhammadiyah" written by Syamsul Anwar as well as based on the results of the Tarjih National Assembly (Munas) XXX in Makassar in 2018, also the decision of the Muhammadiyah Central Leadership No. 02/EDR/1.0/E/2020 regarding Guidelines for Worship in Covid-19 Emergency conditions and several other Tarjih fatwas related to guidelines for carrying out worship during the Covid-19 pandemic as primary data. In addition, the secondary data are from various sources, such as fiqh books, ushul fiqh, and maqaṣid as-syarī'ah. Besides, the study uses a content analysis approach to bring up the messages objectively and systematically.
{"title":"IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ISLAMIC LAW TRANSFORMATION’S RULE (TAGHAYYUR AHKĀM) DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF MAJELIS TARJIH MUHAMMADIYAH IN INDONESIA","authors":"Fajar Rachmadhani, Mualimin MOCHAMMAD SAHID, Ahmad Wifaq Mokhtar","doi":"10.33102/mjsl.vol10no1.345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol10no1.345","url":null,"abstract":"The study entitled \" Implementation Of The Islamic Law Transformation’s Rule (Taghayyur Ahkām) During Covid-19 Pandemic In The Perspective Of Majelis Tarjih Muhammadiyah In Indonesia\" aims to uncover and analyze one of the methods and rules of law-making (istinbāth ahkām) carried out by the Muhammadiyah fatwa institution, the Majelis Tarjih dan Tajdid, or known as \"Manhaj Tarjih Muhammadiyah.\" One of the many methods used by Majelis Tarjih in issuing legal decisions and fatwas is the Rules of Islamic Law Transformation (taghayyur ahkām). The research also attempts to contextualize the rules of Islamic law transformation with the decisions or guidelines for the implementation of worship (Ibadah) that have been issued by the Muhammadiyah Central Leadership through the Majelis Tarjih, especially during the current Covid-19 pandemic. The results of this study are beneficial both practically and theoretically. The practical benefit of this research is that it may provide guidelines for the implementation of worship during the Covid-19 pandemic based on argumentative arguments and the principles and objectives of Islamic law, one of which is guarding religion (Hifz ad-Dīn) and guarding human lives (Hifz an-Nafs). Meanwhile, the theoretical benefits from this research are to expand the knowledge and discourse of Islamic scholarship, especially in the field of Islamic law. Thus, Islam can manifest in the midst of mankind to provide real solutions to existing problems. This research uses qualitative research focusing on library research with descriptive analysis. Consequently, the researchers applied the Ijtihād of Majelis Tarjih’s Method known as \"Manhaj Tarjih Muhammadiyah\" written by Syamsul Anwar as well as based on the results of the Tarjih National Assembly (Munas) XXX in Makassar in 2018, also the decision of the Muhammadiyah Central Leadership No. 02/EDR/1.0/E/2020 regarding Guidelines for Worship in Covid-19 Emergency conditions and several other Tarjih fatwas related to guidelines for carrying out worship during the Covid-19 pandemic as primary data. In addition, the secondary data are from various sources, such as fiqh books, ushul fiqh, and maqaṣid as-syarī'ah. Besides, the study uses a content analysis approach to bring up the messages objectively and systematically.","PeriodicalId":34345,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43185843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of research related to halal cosmetics. Data from 2006 to 2020 related to halal cosmetics were extracted from the Scopus database, providing a sample of 104 documents. The documents were then examined using the bibliographic network visualization instrument VOS viewer and R for text mining and the findings were presented in the form of a conceptual structure map and word clouds. We identified the most productive authors, journals, institutions, and countries. The results showed that Malaysia and Indonesia are the overall leaders in publications. The Journal of Islamic Marketing and International Journal of Supply Chain are the most influential journals in the field. These findings will provide scholars a comprehension of the halal cosmetics field and act as a guide for future research.
本研究对清真化妆品相关研究进行了文献计量学分析。从Scopus数据库中提取2006年至2020年与清真化妆品相关的数据，提供104份文件样本。然后使用书目网络可视化工具VOS查看器和R进行文本挖掘，并以概念结构图和词云的形式呈现结果。我们确定了最高产的作者、期刊、机构和国家。结果显示，马来西亚和印度尼西亚在出版物方面总体领先。《Journal of Islamic Marketing》和《International Journal of Supply Chain》是该领域最具影响力的期刊。这些发现将提供学者对清真化妆品领域的理解，并对未来的研究起到指导作用。
{"title":"MAPPING HALAL COSMETICS RESEARCH: A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS","authors":"Zalina Zakaria, Siti Qhairunissa Ramli, Nursyamimi Zawani Mohd Shoid, Ainin Sulaiman","doi":"10.33102/mjsl.vol10no1.384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol10no1.384","url":null,"abstract":"This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of research related to halal cosmetics. Data from 2006 to 2020 related to halal cosmetics were extracted from the Scopus database, providing a sample of 104 documents. The documents were then examined using the bibliographic network visualization instrument VOS viewer and R for text mining and the findings were presented in the form of a conceptual structure map and word clouds. We identified the most productive authors, journals, institutions, and countries. The results showed that Malaysia and Indonesia are the overall leaders in publications. The Journal of Islamic Marketing and International Journal of Supply Chain are the most influential journals in the field. These findings will provide scholars a comprehension of the halal cosmetics field and act as a guide for future research.","PeriodicalId":34345,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43766725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.33102/mjsl.vol10no1.321
Shadi O. A. Jabbarin, Norfadhilah Mohd Ali, Ahmad Zaki Salleh
This research aims to study the challenges relating to the unification of laws applied in Palestine as a result of the political fluctuations that Palestine has undergone since the Ottoman Empire until the present moment. The stretch of legal historical timeline covers the Ottoman rule, the British Mandate and the Israeli occupation, the annexation of the West Bank with Jordan and the Gaza Strip with the Egyptian administration, the complete occupation of all of Palestine, the emergence of the Palestinian National Authority and the era of unification of laws. This paper examines the obstacles that would hinder the unification of laws in Palestine, and in order to propose solutions, relies on the legal historical approach to narrate the contextual approaches in the issuance of laws during the different eras. The paper has also utilized descriptive and analytical approaches from the study of legal texts issued on the matter. This paper notes that the absence of a structured legal committee to harmonize the legal terms and nomenclatures in the laws issued by the Palestinian National Authority is a significant hindrance to the unification of laws in Palestine. This is in addition to the absence of executive regulations for most of the laws issued during the era of the Palestinian National Authority or in the previous eras, the absence of explanatory notes to refer to and specialized studies for the need to issue new laws to ensure its appropriate implementation. Such are important to adhere to the legislator’s intent and directions towards the effective execution of the law. This paper recommends a structured effort in the form of the establishment of committees to harmonize and unify the different laws as applied in Palestine, in addition to issuing executive regulations for the laws and developing explanatory notes as needed. ملخص البحث يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة التحديات التي تواجه توحيد القوانين المطبقة في فلسطين نتيجة التقلبات السياسية التي مرت بها منذ الدولة العثمانية وحتى اللحظة الحالية بدءا من العثمانيين مرورا بالانتداب البريطاني والاحتلال الإسرائيلي ومن ثم اتحاد الضفة الغربية مع الأردن وقطاع غزة مع الإدارة المصرية وحتى الاحتلال الكامل لكل فلسطين إلى نشوء السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية ومرحلة توحيد القوانين. وتطلع الباحث لتحقيق مجموعة من الأهداف أهمها تسليط الضوء على المعيقات التي من شأنها أن تعيق توحيد القوانين في فلسطين ووضع حلول مقترحة للخروج من أزمة التداخل القانوني في ظل الوضع الراهن، واعتمد الباحث لتحقيق أهدافه على المنهج التاريخي لسرد التدرج التاريخي في صدور القوانين وفق الأزمان ثم المنهج الوصفي التحليلي من خلال دراسة النصوص القانونية الصادرة ووصفها وتحليلها، وفي الخاتمة توصلت الدراسة إلى: عدم وجود لجان قانونية لمواءمة المصطلحات القانونية والمسميات ذات الصلة في القوانين التي صدرت عن السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية ونعني بذلك القوانين الموحدة، عدم وجود لوائح تنفيذية لمعظم القوانين التي صدرت في عهد السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية أو في الفترات السابقة لها، عدم وجود لجان لعمل دراسات موازنة لاحتياج اصدار أي قانون لضمان تنفيذه بالطريقة الص
{"title":"التحديات والمعيقات التي تواجه توحيد القوانين المطبقة في فلسطين","authors":"Shadi O. A. Jabbarin, Norfadhilah Mohd Ali, Ahmad Zaki Salleh","doi":"10.33102/mjsl.vol10no1.321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol10no1.321","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000\u0000This research aims to study the challenges relating to the unification of laws applied in Palestine as a result of the political fluctuations that Palestine has undergone since the Ottoman Empire until the present moment. The stretch of legal historical timeline covers the Ottoman rule, the British Mandate and the Israeli occupation, the annexation of the West Bank with Jordan and the Gaza Strip with the Egyptian administration, the complete occupation of all of Palestine, the emergence of the Palestinian National Authority and the era of unification of laws. This paper examines the obstacles that would hinder the unification of laws in Palestine, and in order to propose solutions, relies on the legal historical approach to narrate the contextual approaches in the issuance of laws during the different eras. The paper has also utilized descriptive and analytical approaches from the study of legal texts issued on the matter. This paper notes that the absence of a structured legal committee to harmonize the legal terms and nomenclatures in the laws issued by the Palestinian National Authority is a significant hindrance to the unification of laws in Palestine. This is in addition to the absence of executive regulations for most of the laws issued during the era of the Palestinian National Authority or in the previous eras, the absence of explanatory notes to refer to and specialized studies for the need to issue new laws to ensure its appropriate implementation. Such are important to adhere to the legislator’s intent and directions towards the effective execution of the law. This paper recommends a structured effort in the form of the establishment of committees to harmonize and unify the different laws as applied in Palestine, in addition to issuing executive regulations for the laws and developing explanatory notes as needed.\u0000 \u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000ملخص البحث\u0000يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة التحديات التي تواجه توحيد القوانين المطبقة في فلسطين نتيجة التقلبات السياسية التي مرت بها منذ الدولة العثمانية وحتى اللحظة الحالية بدءا من العثمانيين مرورا بالانتداب البريطاني والاحتلال الإسرائيلي ومن ثم اتحاد الضفة الغربية مع الأردن وقطاع غزة مع الإدارة المصرية وحتى الاحتلال الكامل لكل فلسطين إلى نشوء السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية ومرحلة توحيد القوانين. وتطلع الباحث لتحقيق مجموعة من الأهداف أهمها تسليط الضوء على المعيقات التي من شأنها أن تعيق توحيد القوانين في فلسطين ووضع حلول مقترحة للخروج من أزمة التداخل القانوني في ظل الوضع الراهن، واعتمد الباحث لتحقيق أهدافه على المنهج التاريخي لسرد التدرج التاريخي في صدور القوانين وفق الأزمان ثم المنهج الوصفي التحليلي من خلال دراسة النصوص القانونية الصادرة ووصفها وتحليلها، وفي الخاتمة توصلت الدراسة إلى: عدم وجود لجان قانونية لمواءمة المصطلحات القانونية والمسميات ذات الصلة في القوانين التي صدرت عن السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية ونعني بذلك القوانين الموحدة، عدم وجود لوائح تنفيذية لمعظم القوانين التي صدرت في عهد السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية أو في الفترات السابقة لها، عدم وجود لجان لعمل دراسات موازنة لاحتياج اصدار أي قانون لضمان تنفيذه بالطريقة الص","PeriodicalId":34345,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45909237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-01DOI: 10.33102/mjsl.vol10no1.307
Nurbazla Ismail, Zulfakar Ramlee, Afridah Abas
Although there are 5218 Macau scam cases reported since January to October 2020, from the total of the cases, 1420 cases were charged and 2676 were arrested by the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP). This fact can be considered as strong evidence to proof that Macau scam is getting increasingly serious and has the potential to become even worse in the future. Therefore, this study is conducted to investigate the legal meaning of Macau scam, the relevant provision in Malaysian Statute, the methods of proving and the standard of proof applicable in convicting Macau scam crime. Empirical methods of investigation based on available reported cases about Macau scam or fraud are developed herein. Application of such methods will analyse each of the issues highlighted in this study. This study found that Macau's scam means that the fraudulent act deliberately cheats someone to get fast money by making them suffer a loss of money. Besides that, there are provisions that may be applicable to Macau scam; as one of the forms of fraud contained in the Penal Code (Act 574), Section 24, Section 25, Section 415, Section 170 and Section 420. Reviewing cases of fraud as the basis for the Macau scam, it was explicitly stated in most cases that the burden of proof rests with the prosecutor or the group who wished to allege the Macau scam. The standard of proof in civil trials is in the balance of probabilities. The impact of the study is on phone users; victims of Macau scams and legal practitioners in Malaysia. Future studies may be conducted in the field of legal remedies for a Macau scam crime.
{"title":"THE LEGAL PROOF OF MACAU SCAM IN MALAYSIA","authors":"Nurbazla Ismail, Zulfakar Ramlee, Afridah Abas","doi":"10.33102/mjsl.vol10no1.307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33102/mjsl.vol10no1.307","url":null,"abstract":"Although there are 5218 Macau scam cases reported since January to October 2020, from the total of the cases, 1420 cases were charged and 2676 were arrested by the Royal Malaysian Police (RMP). This fact can be considered as strong evidence to proof that Macau scam is getting increasingly serious and has the potential to become even worse in the future. Therefore, this study is conducted to investigate the legal meaning of Macau scam, the relevant provision in Malaysian Statute, the methods of proving and the standard of proof applicable in convicting Macau scam crime. Empirical methods of investigation based on available reported cases about Macau scam or fraud are developed herein. Application of such methods will analyse each of the issues highlighted in this study. This study found that Macau's scam means that the fraudulent act deliberately cheats someone to get fast money by making them suffer a loss of money. Besides that, there are provisions that may be applicable to Macau scam; as one of the forms of fraud contained in the Penal Code (Act 574), Section 24, Section 25, Section 415, Section 170 and Section 420. Reviewing cases of fraud as the basis for the Macau scam, it was explicitly stated in most cases that the burden of proof rests with the prosecutor or the group who wished to allege the Macau scam. The standard of proof in civil trials is in the balance of probabilities. The impact of the study is on phone users; victims of Macau scams and legal practitioners in Malaysia. Future studies may be conducted in the field of legal remedies for a Macau scam crime.","PeriodicalId":34345,"journal":{"name":"Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42103326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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