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Activities of territorial bodies of the NKVD in Far East providing road safety in 1941–1945 1941-1945年,内务人民委员部在远东的领土机构提供道路安全的活动
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-1-9-15
A. Zhadan
The publication is devoted to a little–studied aspect of the activities of the internal affairs bodies of the Far East during the Great Patriotic War - providing road safety. The basis of the work is unpublished sources related to the official and party documentation of the regional departments of the NKVD of the Khabarovsk and Primorsky Territories. The methodological basis of the research is the principles of historicism and consistency, as well as general scientific historical and logical methods. The article describes the situation in the field of road safety in the Far East during the period under study, analyzes the causes and conditions of its deterioration, the measures taken by the internal affairs bodies to normalize the operational situation.
该出版物致力于研究卫国战争期间远东内部事务机构活动的一个很少被研究的方面-提供道路安全。这项工作的基础是与哈巴罗夫斯克和滨海边疆区内务人民委员会地区部门的官方和党的文件有关的未发表的来源。研究的方法论基础是历史决定论和一致性原则,以及一般科学的历史和逻辑方法。本文描述了研究期间远东地区道路安全领域的情况,分析了其恶化的原因和条件,以及内务机构为使业务状况正常化所采取的措施。
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引用次数: 0
The activities of the Russian joint stock company «Manufacturing Company Singer» in Siberia on the eve and during the First World War: espionage or spy mania? 俄罗斯股份公司“制造公司歌手”在西伯利亚的活动在第一次世界大战前夕和期间:间谍或间谍狂热?
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-2-30-36
A. Plekhanov
Based on the analysis of previously unpublished sources, the article examines the actions of the military counterintelligence agencies, the Separate Corps of Gendarmes, and the justice authorities to uncover the espionage activities of the Singer joint-stock company on the eve and the period of the First World War in Siberia, the investigation materials are interpreted, and its results are summed up. The theoretical basis of the research is the principle of consistency and the comparative historical method. The author concludes that the nature of the information collected by the company could well have been of an intelligence orientation, but at that time the domestic special services failed to collect a convincing evidence base to accuse the Singer company of mass espionage.
本文在对以往未发表的资料进行分析的基础上,考察了军事反间谍机构、宪兵分社和司法当局在第一次世界大战前夕和西伯利亚地区揭露辛格股份公司间谍活动的行动,并对调查材料进行了解释,总结了调查结果。本研究的理论基础是一致性原则和比较历史方法。发件人的结论是,该公司收集的信息的性质很可能是情报导向的,但当时国内特别部门未能收集到令人信服的证据基础来指控辛格公司从事大规模间谍活动。
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引用次数: 0
Socio-economic features of innovative development of subjects of Siberian Federal District 西伯利亚联邦区主体创新发展的社会经济特征
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-2-130-137
E. A. Pogrebtsova
The management of the innovative development of the constituent entities of the Siberian Federal District involves monitoring the economic and social foundations to improve the living standards of the population, economic recovery, development of science, education and culture. Such development should take into account the natural factors that limit the competitiveness of innovative developments, timely identify problems and priority areas for development. The article presents an assessment of the subjects of the Siberian Federal District in terms of macroeconomic indicators, educational and digital development. The analysis of the level of innovative development of subjects is carried out, conclusions are drawn about the problems and opportunities for innovative development. The article may be useful to researchers, state and municipal employees, leaders who are interested in this topic. The purpose of the study is to identify areas of socio-economic development of the subjects of the Siberian Federal District as an innovative vector. To achieve the goal, the following tasks are defined: to assess the achievement of macroeconomic indicators of the subjects, to identify the development of the educational and digital development of the regions; determine the directions of innovative improvement.
管理西伯利亚联邦区各组成实体的创新发展包括监测经济和社会基础,以提高人口的生活水平,恢复经济,发展科学、教育和文化。这种发展应考虑到限制创新发展的竞争力的自然因素,及时查明问题和优先发展领域。本文从宏观经济指标、教育和数字发展等方面对西伯利亚联邦区的主体进行了评估。对主体创新发展水平进行了分析,得出了主体创新发展存在的问题和机遇。本文可能对研究人员,州和市政雇员,领导谁感兴趣的这个话题有用。该研究的目的是确定西伯利亚联邦区主体的社会经济发展领域作为创新载体。为实现这一目标,确定了以下任务:评估各主体宏观经济指标的实现情况,确定各地区教育和数字发展的发展情况;确定创新改进的方向。
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引用次数: 0
Engaged by the Revolution: the Lepsis Chekist family in Vyatka (1919) 投身革命:维亚特卡的Lepsis Chekist家庭(1919)
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-2-95-101
A. Pozdnyakova
Based on unpublished sources from the funds of the State Archive of the Kirov region and memoir journalism, the article analyzes a fragment of the life path of the spouses of security officers R. K. Lepsis and A. I. Lepsis associated with their service in Vyatka during the Civil War. The purpose of the work is to use the example of a single married couple of security officers to indicate the factors that influenced the life of the family in the era of social cataclysms. The theoretical basis of the study is the anthropological approach. In conclusion, the author emphasizes that the study of the Lepsis family makes it possible to reconstruct the image of a Soviet person, to get to the problems of gender history.
基于基洛夫地区国家档案馆未发表的资金来源和回忆录新闻,本文分析了安全官员R. K. Lepsis和a . I. Lepsis的配偶在内战期间在维亚特卡服役的生活轨迹的片段。这项工作的目的是用一对已婚的保安人员夫妇的例子来表明在社会灾难时代影响家庭生活的因素。本研究的理论基础是人类学方法。最后,作者强调,通过对Lepsis家族的研究,可以重构苏联人的形象,从而解决性别历史问题。
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引用次数: 0
Society and Personality in Russian Tianjin (1920–1930) 俄国天津的社会与人格(1920-1930)
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-2-45-52
A. Khisamutdinov, Li Yan
The article is devoted to the history of the public society and personalities of the Russian emigration community in Tianjin in the period from 1920 to 1930. Based on unpublished sources and emigrant memoirs, the study considers the role of public organizations; cultural, entertainment and medical institutions; educational institutions, analyzes the activity of the individuals: N. K. Russel, I. I. Serebrennikov, P. A. Vedenyapina, E. A. Batueva, etc., finds out the role of these communities and figures in protecting the interests and rights of Russians, and in meeting the needs of cultural life, education and treatment, etc. The article also includes the results of field researches conducted by the authors in 2010–2020.
本文研究了1920 - 1930年天津俄罗斯移民群体的公共社会史和人物特征。根据未发表的资料和移民回忆录,该研究考虑了公共组织的作用;文化、娱乐和医疗机构;教育机构,分析了个人的活动:N. K.罗素,I. I.谢列布伦尼科夫,P. A.维捷尼亚皮娜,E. A.巴图耶娃等,找出了这些社区和人物在保护俄罗斯人的利益和权利方面的作用,以及在满足文化生活,教育和治疗等方面的需求。本文还包括作者在2010-2020年进行的实地研究结果。
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引用次数: 0
The tragic route of Baron Tiesenhausen 铁森豪森男爵的悲惨路线
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-2-88-94
S. Papkov
The article is devoted to D. O. Tiesenhausen, a descendant of an old Russian noble family. Describes the main stages of the career and life of the baron as vice-governor of the Orenburg and Vyatka provinces and Yakutsk region. His ideological positions regarding the February Revolution of 1917 and political exile to Yakutia are presented. On the basis of new sources analyzed one of the most dramatic periods of the biography of the Baron, associated with his emigration to Mongolia, stay in Urga and relations with General Ungern. A separate episode in the life of the former Vice-Governor was his arrest, transportation to Siberia and imprisonment in a detention center. This arrest nearly resulted in the death penalty by decision of the Irkutsk provincial police. The Baron spent the rest of his life under the systematic control of the Stalinist secret services, and his personal tragedy was a typical expression of the fate of most «socially alien» people in Soviet Russia.
这篇文章是献给d·o·铁森豪森的,他是一个古老的俄罗斯贵族家庭的后裔。描述了男爵作为奥伦堡和维亚特卡省和雅库茨克地区副州长的职业生涯和生活的主要阶段。他对1917年二月革命的思想立场和政治流亡到雅库特。在新资料的基础上,分析了男爵传记中最具戏剧性的时期之一,与他移居蒙古,留在乌尔加以及与乌尔根将军的关系有关。这位前副省长的另一段经历是他被捕、被押往西伯利亚并被监禁在一个拘留中心。根据伊尔库茨克省警察的决定,这次逮捕几乎导致死刑。男爵在斯大林主义秘密机构的系统控制下度过了他的余生,他的个人悲剧是苏俄大多数“社会异类”命运的典型表达。
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引用次数: 0
Development of the program for sustainability of technological development of an industrial enterprise 工业企业技术可持续发展规划的制定
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-2-121-129
A. E. Miller, D. Drozdov
The article presents the results of a study of the conceptual foundations of the sustainability of technological development in the context of import substitution. The considered methodology of sustainability determines the purpose and key tasks, organizational and economic algorithm, methodological principles of technological development. The distinctive features of the proposed methodology include: systematization of typological factors of sustainability of technological development; justification of factors influencing the sustainability of technological development. The concept under consideration clarifies the key principles of the classical theory of sustainability of development, which make it possible to explore problem areas that hinder technological development. In the context of the actual implementation of the methodology of sustainability of technological development, a methodological approach to the choice of options for assessing the program of sustainability of technological development is justified. It is advisable to implement the proposed approach on the basis of quantitative indicators formed on the basis of displaying the qualitative certainty of innovation-oriented and progressive technologies. The advantage of the proposed approach is the substantiation of the typological sequence of the formation of the structure of the program of sustainability of technological development of an industrial enterprise. The advantages of the proposed approach include the possibility of specifying the estimated indicators and their impact on the sustainability of the technological development of an industrial enterprise: 1) the achievability of a quantitative assessment of the level of losses or the amount of profitability based on the selected option of the program of sustainability of technological development of an industrial enterprise; 2) the high possibility of detecting the factors of problematic situations that cause the need for their immediate leveling; 3) the potential for the formation of a real system process of integrating innovation-oriented and progressive technologies into the formation of the production and technological potential of industrial enterprises; 4) creating conditions for the development of optimal program and scenario options for the sustainability of technological development.
本文介绍了在进口替代背景下技术发展可持续性的概念基础研究的结果。考虑的可持续性方法决定了目的和关键任务、组织和经济算法、技术发展的方法原则。该方法的显著特点包括:将影响技术发展可持续性的类型因素系统化;对影响技术发展可持续性的因素进行论证。正在审议的概念澄清了经典的发展可持续性理论的关键原则,使探索阻碍技术发展的问题领域成为可能。在技术发展可持续性方法学实际实施的背景下,对评估技术发展可持续性方案的选项选择的方法学方法是合理的。建议在展示创新导向和进步技术的定性确定性的基础上,以形成定量指标为基础实施本文提出的方法。该方法的优势在于证实了工业企业技术发展可持续性规划结构形成的类型序列。该方法的优势在于,可以明确估计的指标及其对工业企业技术发展可持续性的影响:1)可以根据工业企业技术发展可持续性方案的选择,对工业企业的亏损水平或盈利水平进行定量评价;2)高可能性检测到导致需要立即调整的问题情况因素;3)将创新导向和进步技术整合到工业企业生产和技术潜力形成的真实系统过程的形成潜力;4)为技术发展的可持续性创造最佳方案和方案选择的发展条件。
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引用次数: 0
Classification of management tools in small business organizations for developing a sales funnel 小型企业组织中用于开发销售漏斗的管理工具分类
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-2-145-154
E. Tolstova, L. Silakova
In the modern world, companies that use CRM systems, SMM marketing (digital marketing in social networks), provide this, cause of the demand to build a sales funnel. The main goal is to build an effective sales funnel that will attract customers and increase profits. This study is aimed at selecting a set of services that can help the development of a small business characterized by low revenue volumes, and, as a result, small budgets for promotion, as well as a small number of staff. The article discusses the current problems of small business, CRM systems and services that help promote social networks. The main applied research methods: these are abstraction, generalization, competitive analysis and comparison. The following problems are identified for small businesses: the issue of scaling, the need to automate workflows, collecting feedback and feedback from customers, processing applications, great competition in the market, parallelization of workflows, organization of hierarchy in the workflow. The concept of sales funnels for any type of organization, enterprise, startup, etc. is considered. Common features, stages that should characterize the planned sales funnel are highlighted. A comparison of various services that help in the development and implementation of a marketing strategy is carried out. There are 4 categories of digital services for working with business automation and sales funnel: information systems and technologies that help to design a business model as a whole, create quality management systems, etc.; programs for business modeling, development of working documentation and requirements; CRM systems designed for planning employee tasks and storing customer data; services that help with promotion in social networks. Thanks to them, such tasks as: modeling of the sales funnel, automation of business processes, templates of working scenarios, instructions, regulations for employees, conversion analytics and traffic arbitration are solved. The classification of programs and services that will automate the company’s sales funnel, taking into account the price of the product and its functionality, the combination of which will be optimal for small businesses, is proposed.
在现代世界,使用CRM系统的公司,SMM营销(社交网络中的数字营销),提供了这种需求,因为需要建立一个销售漏斗。主要目标是建立一个有效的销售渠道,以吸引客户并增加利润。这项研究的目的是选择一套服务,这些服务可以帮助发展小型企业,其特点是收入少,因此用于宣传的预算少,工作人员也少。本文讨论了当前小企业、CRM系统和有助于促进社交网络的服务存在的问题。主要的应用研究方法有:抽象、概括、竞争分析和比较。小型企业面临以下问题:扩展问题、工作流自动化的需要、收集客户反馈和反馈、处理应用程序、市场竞争激烈、工作流并行化、工作流层次结构的组织。考虑了任何类型的组织、企业、初创公司等的销售渠道的概念。突出显示计划销售漏斗的共同特征和阶段。对有助于制定和实施营销策略的各种服务进行比较。与业务自动化和销售漏斗相关的数字服务有4类:帮助设计整体业务模型、创建质量管理体系等的信息系统和技术;业务建模程序,工作文档和需求的开发;CRM系统设计用于规划员工任务和存储客户数据;在社交网络中帮助推广的服务。有了他们,销售漏斗的建模、业务流程的自动化、工作场景的模板、员工的指示、规定、转换分析和流量仲裁等任务都得到了解决。计划和服务的分类将使公司的销售渠道自动化,考虑到产品的价格和功能,这将是小企业的最佳组合,提出。
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引用次数: 0
OGPU organs and Soviet aviation (1928–1934) OGPU机关与苏联航空(1928-1934)
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-2-53-58
A. Stepanov
The article is devoted to the analysis of the activities of Soviet special services in the aviation sector during the formation and development of Soviet aviation and related industries. The problems of Soviet aviation, largely determined by the state of society and the economy in the USSR, are characterized on the basis of office documents of the special services and other departments. Using concrete examples, the tasks performed by the OGPU body for operational maintenance of Soviet aviation are considered. The author comes to the conclusion that the materials of the special services, despite the need for critical perception of some of their conclusions, allow us to get an objective idea of the problems of Soviet aviation during its quantitative and qualitative growth (1928–1934).
本文分析了苏联特种部队在苏联航空及相关工业形成和发展过程中在航空部门的活动。苏联航空的问题在很大程度上是由苏联的社会和经济状况决定的,这些问题是根据特勤局和其他部门的办公室文件来确定的。通过具体的例子,审议了OGPU机构为苏联航空作战维护所执行的任务。作者得出的结论是,尽管需要对其某些结论进行批判性的认识,但特种部队的材料使我们能够客观地了解苏联航空在数量和质量增长期间(1928-1934年)的问题。
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引用次数: 0
Agitation and propaganda work and fight against defeatist sentiments in Khanty-Mansiysk National District at initial stage of the Great Patriotic War 卫国战争初期汉特-曼西斯克民族区鼓动宣传工作与反对失败主义情绪的斗争
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-1-32-39
E. V. Leshukova
The study describes main aspects of the agitation and propaganda work of the authorities of the Khanty-Mansiysk National District and analyzes its impact on the socio-political conditions of life and behavior of the population at the initial stage of the Great Patriotic War. The source base of the study is the office documents of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, stored in the Historical Archive of the Omsk region and the State Archive of Socio-Political History of Tyumen region. The author comes to the conclusion that in the difficult conditions of the beginning of the war with Nazi Germany, the party leadership of the district showed determination and firmness in carrying out measures of a political and educational nature. The intensity and coherence of the work of the district’s party bodies in organizing rallies, meetings, lectures, talks, speeches and other forms of agitation and mass events contributed to strengthening the spiritual uplift of Ugra residents, neutralizing negative political sentiments, thereby ensuring the stability of the internal political situation in one of the rear areas of the country.
该研究报告描述了汉特-曼西斯克民族区当局鼓动和宣传工作的主要方面,并分析了其对卫国战争初期人民生活和行为的社会政治条件的影响。本研究的来源基础是存放在鄂木斯克州历史档案馆和秋明州社会政治史国家档案馆的苏联共产党办公室文件。作者得出的结论是,在与纳粹德国的战争开始时的困难条件下,该地区的党的领导在执行政治和教育性质的措施方面表现出决心和坚定。各区政党机构在组织集会、会议、讲座、谈话、演讲和其他形式的鼓动和群众活动方面的工作强度和连贯性有助于加强乌格拉居民的精神振奋,消除消极的政治情绪,从而确保该国一个后方地区的内部政治局势的稳定。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Omskii nauchnyi vestnik Seriia Obshchestvo Istoriia Sovremennost''
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