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2016 IEEE Tenth International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science (RCIS)最新文献

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Text analytics on start-up descriptions 启动描述的文本分析
O. Parisot, Patrik Hitzelberger, Y. Didry, G. Vierke, Helmut Rieder
In order to analyze the descriptions of various active start-ups, we have developed a web application to retrieve and to analyze available textual data about them. The tool aims at extracting the frequent topics and applying semantic similarity analysis to the start-up descriptions.
为了分析各种活跃的初创企业的描述,我们开发了一个web应用程序来检索和分析有关它们的可用文本数据。该工具旨在提取频繁主题,并将语义相似度分析应用于创业公司描述。
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引用次数: 1
Towards a Twitter observatory: A multi-paradigm framework for collecting, storing and analysing tweets 迈向推特观测站:收集、存储和分析推特的多范式框架
Ian Basaille, Sergey Kirgizov, É. Leclercq, M. Savonnet, N. Cullot
In this article we show how a multi-paradigm framework can fulfil the requirements of tweets analysis and reduce the waiting time for researchers that use computational resources and storage systems to support large-scale data analysis. The originality of our approach is to combine concerns about data harvesting, data storage, data analysis and data visualisation into a framework that supports inductive reasoning in multidisciplinary scientific research. Our main contribution is a polyglot storage system with a generic data model to support logical data independence and a set of tools that can provide a suitable solution for mixing different types of algorithms in order to maximise the extraction of knowledge. We describe the software architecture of our framework, the generic model and we show how it has been used in major projects and what characteristics have been validated.
在本文中,我们展示了一个多范式框架如何满足推文分析的要求,并减少使用计算资源和存储系统来支持大规模数据分析的研究人员的等待时间。我们的方法的独创性在于将对数据收集、数据存储、数据分析和数据可视化的关注结合到一个框架中,该框架支持多学科科学研究中的归纳推理。我们的主要贡献是一个多语言存储系统,它具有一个通用的数据模型来支持逻辑数据独立性,以及一组工具,可以为混合不同类型的算法提供合适的解决方案,以最大限度地提取知识。我们描述了我们的框架的软件架构,通用模型,并展示了它是如何在主要项目中使用的,以及验证了哪些特征。
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引用次数: 5
PAIS-DQ: Extending process-aware information systems to support data quality in PAIS life-cycle PAIS- dq:扩展过程感知信息系统以支持PAIS生命周期中的数据质量
L. Parody, María Teresa Gómez López, I. Bermejo, I. Caballero, R. M. Gasca, M. Piattini
The successful execution of a Business Process implies to use data with an adequate level of quality, thereby enabling the output of processes to be obtained in accordance with users requirements. The necessity to be aware of the data quality in the business processes is known, but the problem is how the incorporation of data quality management can affect and increase the complexity of the software development that supports the business process life-cycle. In order to gain advantages that data quality management can provide, organizations need to introduce mechanisms aimed at checking whether data satisfies the established data-quality requirements. Desirably, the implementation, deployment and use of these mechanisms should not interfere into the regular working of the business processes. In order to enable this independence, we propose the PAIS-DQ framework as an extension of the classical Process-Aware Information System (PAIS) proposal. The PAIS-DQ addresses the concerns related to data quality management activities by minimizing the required time for the software developers. In addition, with the aim of guiding developers in the use of PAIS-DQ, a methodology has been also provided to facilitate organizations to deal with complex concerns. The methodology renders our proposal applicable in practice, and has been applied to a case study where a service architecture implementing the standard ISO/IEC 8000-100:2009 parts 100 to 140 is included.
业务流程的成功执行意味着使用具有足够质量水平的数据,从而能够根据用户需求获得流程的输出。了解业务流程中的数据质量的必要性是众所周知的,但是问题是数据质量管理的合并如何影响并增加支持业务流程生命周期的软件开发的复杂性。为了获得数据质量管理可以提供的优势,组织需要引入旨在检查数据是否满足既定数据质量需求的机制。理想情况下,这些机制的实现、部署和使用不应干扰业务流程的正常工作。为了实现这种独立性,我们提出了PAIS- dq框架作为经典过程感知信息系统(PAIS)建议的扩展。PAIS-DQ通过最小化软件开发人员所需的时间来解决与数据质量管理活动相关的问题。此外,为了指导开发人员使用PAIS-DQ,还提供了一种方法来促进组织处理复杂的问题。该方法使我们的建议在实践中适用,并已应用于一个案例研究,其中包括实现标准ISO/IEC 8000-100:2009第100部分至140部分的服务体系结构。
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引用次数: 2
A tool for the generation of a secure access control filter 生成安全访问控制过滤器的工具
Thi-Mai-Huong Nguyen, A. Mammar, Régine Laleau, Samir Hameg
Currently, it is well recognized that coupling graphical and formal notations offers several advantages. Indeed, even if a graphical representation permits to design a visual, synthetic and user-friendly view of the system, it may be source of ambiguity and does not permit any formal verification. Formal methods help to remedy these shortcomings by giving a precise semantics to graphical notations such that it becomes possible to verify a large range of properties and even to generate correct implementations. Nevertheless, users cannot take a full advantage of the benefits of such a combination if it is not supported by an automatic tool that liberates them from the tedious translation activity. Following this direction, the present paper describes the main functionalities of a tool that automatically generates a formal secure access control filter for information systems. The goal of the filter is to regulate the access to data of an information system according to a set of static and dynamic rules. Data are described using a UML class diagram, whereas the static and dynamic rules are modeled using SECUREUML and UML activity diagrams respectively. Basically, the tool automatically generates the B formal specification corresponding to these diagrams and the filter.
目前,人们普遍认识到,图形和形式符号的耦合提供了几个优点。实际上,即使图形表示允许设计一个可视化的、综合的和用户友好的系统视图,它也可能是模糊性的来源,并且不允许任何正式的验证。形式化方法通过为图形符号提供精确的语义,从而可以验证大范围的属性,甚至生成正确的实现,从而帮助弥补这些缺点。然而,如果没有自动工具的支持,用户无法从繁琐的翻译活动中解放出来,就无法充分利用这种组合的好处。按照这个方向,本文描述了自动生成信息系统正式安全访问控制过滤器的工具的主要功能。过滤器的目标是根据一组静态和动态规则来规范对信息系统数据的访问。数据使用UML类图进行描述,而静态和动态规则分别使用SECUREUML和UML活动图进行建模。基本上,该工具会自动生成与这些图和过滤器相对应的B形式规范。
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引用次数: 2
Reflections on the use of chord diagrams in social network visualization in process mining 社会网络可视化在过程挖掘中使用和弦图的思考
A. Jalali
Data Visualization is an important area of research including different techniques to enhance the capability of people to understand and use data-driven information. The chord diagram is a technique that aims to support the visualization of relations among different participants in a social network. Although this technique is widely used and adopted in many disciplines, it is not currently implemented in Business Process Management (BPM). In this paper, we show the potential of the visualizing social network in BPM area using the chord diagram. The result shows the potential benefits and strength of this technique to discover social network patterns in BPM area.
数据可视化是一个重要的研究领域,包括不同的技术来提高人们理解和使用数据驱动信息的能力。和弦图是一种旨在支持社会网络中不同参与者之间关系可视化的技术。尽管该技术在许多学科中被广泛使用和采用,但目前还没有在业务流程管理(BPM)中实现。在本文中,我们使用和弦图展示了可视化社交网络在BPM领域的潜力。结果显示了该技术在发现BPM领域的社交网络模式方面的潜在优势和优势。
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引用次数: 9
Towards an automatic extraction of smartphone users' contextual behaviors 实现智能手机用户语境行为的自动提取
A. Jaffal, B. L. Grand
This paper presents a new method for automatically extracting smartphone users' contextual behaviors from the digital traces collected during their interactions with their devices. Our goal is in particular to understand the impact of users' context (e.g., location, time, environment, etc.) on the applications they run on their smartphones. We propose a methodology to analyze digital traces and to automatically identify the significant information that characterizes users' behavlors. In earlier work, we have used Formal Concept Analysis and Galois lattices to extract relevant knowledge from heterogeneous and complex contextual data; however, the interpretation of the obtained Galois lattices was performed manually. In this article, we aim at automating this interpretation process, through the provision of original metrics. Therefore our methodology returns relevant information without requiring any expertise in data analysis. We illustrate our contribution on real data collected from volunteer users.
本文提出了一种从智能手机用户与设备交互过程中收集的数字痕迹中自动提取其上下文行为的新方法。我们的目标是了解用户的上下文(例如,位置,时间,环境等)对他们在智能手机上运行的应用程序的影响。我们提出了一种方法来分析数字痕迹,并自动识别表征用户行为的重要信息。在早期的工作中,我们使用形式概念分析和伽罗瓦格从异构和复杂的上下文数据中提取相关知识;然而,获得的伽罗瓦格的解释是手工进行的。在本文中,我们的目标是通过提供原始度量来自动化这个解释过程。因此,我们的方法返回相关信息,而不需要任何专业知识的数据分析。我们用从志愿者用户那里收集的真实数据来说明我们的贡献。
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引用次数: 1
Leveraging human factors to enhance query answering in crowdsourcing systems 利用人为因素增强众包系统的查询应答能力
Dalila Koulougli, A. Hadjali, Idir Rassoul
In recent years, crowdsourcing has become essential in a wide range of Web applications. Human factors play a key role in achieving high quality answers in crowdsourcing-based solving tasks. The most major factor is pertained to the uncertainty of workers about the responses that they provide to resolve the task at hand. On the other hand, workers may have diverse levels of expertise and skill. It is then important to take into account both the degrees of uncertainty and expertise when aggregating the set of worker answers. In this paper, we investigate some advanced crowdsourcing aggregation methods to find the correct answers by leveraging both expertise and uncertainty of workers in a unified way. Workers' uncertainty is represented in a possibilistic way, while a fine-grained scale for interpreting the degrees of skill is introduced. Finally, we present some comprehensive experiments to validate the effectiveness of our proposal.
近年来,众包在广泛的Web应用程序中变得至关重要。在基于众包的解决任务中,人为因素在获得高质量答案方面起着关键作用。最主要的因素是工人对解决手头任务的反应不确定。另一方面,工人可能具有不同水平的专业知识和技能。因此,在汇总工人回答集时,考虑不确定性和专业知识的程度是很重要的。在本文中,我们研究了一些先进的众包聚合方法,通过统一的方式利用工人的专业知识和不确定性来找到正确的答案。工人的不确定性以可能性的方式表示,同时引入了解释技能程度的细粒度尺度。最后,我们给出了一些综合实验来验证我们的建议的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
Implementations of service oriented architecture and agile software development: What works and what are the challenges? 面向服务的体系结构和敏捷软件开发的实现:哪些是有效的,哪些是挑战?
M. Schramm, M. Daneva
Today many organizations use service-oriented architecture and agile software development as their software paradigms. While both certainly have their advantages, in the fields of Empirical Software Engineering and Information Systems these have been treated in relative isolation and their impact on each other is not well understood. This paper performs a grounded theory research by empirically analyzing professional blog posts published in IBM's Developerworks platform, to find good practices and common pitfalls of using a service-oriented architecture and agile software development together. The perspective taken in this study is the one of service-oriented architecture practitioners involved in agile projects. We found that continuous integration, collaboration, governance and continuous improvement are good practices that result out of merging the two paradigms. We found that the challenges of the joint use of service-oriented architecture and agile lie in the engineering of non-functional requirements, compliance requirements as well as up-front architecture evaluation.
今天,许多组织使用面向服务的体系结构和敏捷软件开发作为他们的软件范例。虽然两者都有各自的优势,但在经验软件工程和信息系统领域,它们被相对孤立地对待,彼此之间的影响也没有得到很好的理解。本文通过实证分析在IBM的Developerworks平台上发表的专业博客文章,进行了扎实的理论研究,以找到将面向服务的体系结构和敏捷软件开发结合使用的良好实践和常见缺陷。本研究采用的视角是敏捷项目中涉及的面向服务的体系结构实践者的视角。我们发现,持续集成、协作、治理和持续改进是合并这两种范例所产生的良好实践。我们发现,联合使用面向服务的体系结构和敏捷的挑战在于非功能需求的工程、遵从性需求以及预先的体系结构评估。
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引用次数: 3
Overlap regulation for additive overlapping clustering methods 加性重叠聚类方法的重叠调节
M. Maiza, Chiheb-Eddine Ben N'cir, N. Essoussi
Overlapping Clustering is an important technique in machine learning which aims to organize data into a set of non-disjoint groups rather than the disjoint one which is the case of conventional clustering methods. Several machine learning applications require that data object be assigned to one or several groups resulting in non-disjoint partitioning of data such as document clustering where each document can discuss one or many topics and then must be assigned to one or several groups. This paper presents a new partitional overlapping clustering method based on the additive model of overlaps. Compared to existing methods which build clusters with fixed size of overlaps, the proposed method gives users the ability to regulate this size. Experiments performed on simulated and real datasets show the performance of the proposed regulation principle to control the size of overlaps among groups.
重叠聚类是机器学习中的一项重要技术,它旨在将数据组织成一组不相交的组,而不是像传统聚类方法那样将数据组织成不相交的组。一些机器学习应用程序要求将数据对象分配给一个或多个组,从而导致数据的非分离分区,例如文档聚类,其中每个文档可以讨论一个或多个主题,然后必须分配给一个或多个组。本文提出了一种新的基于重叠相加模型的分段重叠聚类方法。与现有的构建固定大小的重叠簇的方法相比,该方法使用户能够调节这种大小。在模拟和真实数据集上进行的实验表明,所提出的调节原理可以有效地控制组间重叠的大小。
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引用次数: 2
Run-time planning of case-based business processes 基于案例的业务流程的运行时计划
Danillo Sprovieri, Daniel Diaz, R. Mazo, Knut Hinkelmann
Context: Organizations act in highly competitive markets, which forces them to be flexible. Constantly changing business requirements require flexible business processes. Case Management Model and Notation (CMMN) supports modeling run-time flexibility of partially structured business process models, but does not fully specify the control flow. Objective: The goal is to develop a planning algorithm that supports the case worker in planning case-based business processes at run-time. Method: We identify the requirements of run-time planning of partly structured processes by analyzing the admission process for the master degree at FHNW. To plan the process instance, we develop a planning algorithm. Our planning algorithm is evaluated using concrete cases provided by FHNW in order to demonstrate real application. Results: The planning algorithm reflects the requirements for serializing tasks at run-time. Conclusion: Our planning algorithm allows to automatically deriving context-specific execution plans for CMMN models at run-time.
背景:组织在高度竞争的市场中活动,这迫使他们具有灵活性。不断变化的业务需求需要灵活的业务流程。案例管理模型和符号(CMMN)支持对部分结构化业务流程模型的运行时灵活性进行建模,但不能完全指定控制流。目标:目标是开发一个规划算法,支持案例工作者在运行时规划基于案例的业务流程。方法:通过分析复旦大学研究生入学流程,确定部分结构化流程的运行时规划需求。为了规划流程实例,我们开发了一个规划算法。利用FHNW提供的具体案例对我们的规划算法进行了评估,以验证实际应用。结果:规划算法反映了在运行时序列化任务的需求。结论:我们的规划算法允许在运行时自动为CMMN模型派生上下文特定的执行计划。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
2016 IEEE Tenth International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science (RCIS)
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