Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679649
Jeffrey McDaniel, C. Curtis, P. Brisk
BioCoder is a domain-specific language by which chemists and biologists can express experimental protocols in a manner that is unambiguous and clearly repeatable. This paper presents a software toolchain that converts a protocol specified in a restricted subset of BioCoder to a technology-specific description of the protocol, targeting flow-based microfluidic large-scale integration (mLSI) chips. The technology-specific description can then be used to either: (1) execute the protocol on a capable chip; or (2) to derive the architecture of a new mLSI chip that can execute the protocol.
{"title":"Automatic synthesis of microfluidic large scale integration chips from a domain-specific language","authors":"Jeffrey McDaniel, C. Curtis, P. Brisk","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679649","url":null,"abstract":"BioCoder is a domain-specific language by which chemists and biologists can express experimental protocols in a manner that is unambiguous and clearly repeatable. This paper presents a software toolchain that converts a protocol specified in a restricted subset of BioCoder to a technology-specific description of the protocol, targeting flow-based microfluidic large-scale integration (mLSI) chips. The technology-specific description can then be used to either: (1) execute the protocol on a capable chip; or (2) to derive the architecture of a new mLSI chip that can execute the protocol.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121469281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BIOCAS.2013.6679643
B. Borbely, P. Szolgay
A pattern recognition based classification method is proposed to estimate wrist flexion angles from electrical activities of forearm muscles. Spatial movement data and multi-channel myoelectric signals from forearm muscles were collected experimentally during periodic wrist flexion and extension movements using an ultrasound based movement analyser system. The recorded marker coordinates were transformed into joint angles using OpenSim, an open source simulation tool for biomechanical analysis. EMG data were segmented according to specific ranges of the calculated wrist flexion angle to form different classes for pattern recognition. The parameter space of the used classification algorithm was explored with a selected subset of values to find the optimal parameter vector giving maximal classification performance.
{"title":"Estimating the instantaneous wrist flexion angle from multi-channel surface EMG of forearm muscles","authors":"B. Borbely, P. Szolgay","doi":"10.1109/BIOCAS.2013.6679643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BIOCAS.2013.6679643","url":null,"abstract":"A pattern recognition based classification method is proposed to estimate wrist flexion angles from electrical activities of forearm muscles. Spatial movement data and multi-channel myoelectric signals from forearm muscles were collected experimentally during periodic wrist flexion and extension movements using an ultrasound based movement analyser system. The recorded marker coordinates were transformed into joint angles using OpenSim, an open source simulation tool for biomechanical analysis. EMG data were segmented according to specific ranges of the calculated wrist flexion angle to form different classes for pattern recognition. The parameter space of the used classification algorithm was explored with a selected subset of values to find the optimal parameter vector giving maximal classification performance.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115874891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679652
U. Kim, J. VanderGiessen, B. Demaree, Mary Reynolds, Kyle Perricone
The difficulty of detecting small quantities of arsenic in water currently threatens the health of millions of people worldwide, as long-term exposure to arsenic has been associated with both cancerous and noncancerous health risks. Existing technologies make it possible to very accurately quantify arsenic levels in water; however the expense, extensive training, and off-site analysis required by these methods impede wide scale-use. Electrochemical detection in a microfluidic platform offers many advantages, such as portability, minimal use of instrumentation, and ready integration with electronics. Toward a solution to water quality interventions, we have demonstrated an affordable and point-of-use microfluidic platform capable of detecting trace amounts of arsenic in groundwater samples. Our electrochemical sensor utilizes a three-electrode system with carbon, silver, and silver/silver chloride ink electrodes printed onto a disposable plastic substrate. A small water sample is applied to the electrodes and the current response is quickly captured, returning quantitative information to the user, which alleviates the lag times and imprecise colorimetric assays that encumber current arsenic detection systems.
{"title":"Development of low-cost plastic microfluidic sensors toward rapid and point-of-use detection of arsenic in drinking water for global health","authors":"U. Kim, J. VanderGiessen, B. Demaree, Mary Reynolds, Kyle Perricone","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679652","url":null,"abstract":"The difficulty of detecting small quantities of arsenic in water currently threatens the health of millions of people worldwide, as long-term exposure to arsenic has been associated with both cancerous and noncancerous health risks. Existing technologies make it possible to very accurately quantify arsenic levels in water; however the expense, extensive training, and off-site analysis required by these methods impede wide scale-use. Electrochemical detection in a microfluidic platform offers many advantages, such as portability, minimal use of instrumentation, and ready integration with electronics. Toward a solution to water quality interventions, we have demonstrated an affordable and point-of-use microfluidic platform capable of detecting trace amounts of arsenic in groundwater samples. Our electrochemical sensor utilizes a three-electrode system with carbon, silver, and silver/silver chloride ink electrodes printed onto a disposable plastic substrate. A small water sample is applied to the electrodes and the current response is quickly captured, returning quantitative information to the user, which alleviates the lag times and imprecise colorimetric assays that encumber current arsenic detection systems.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124833018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679681
Kerron R. Duncan, R. Etienne-Cummings
In this paper we analyze a wireless biotelemetry link for an implanted UWB antenna located in the upper arm of a human. We use finite element analysis to characterize the specific absorption rate (SAR) of the surrounding tissue to determine the limits on transmitter power level for safe operation within the FCC restrictions on implanted electronics. We show the tradeoffs of safe transmit power levels verses bit error rate (BER), distance and data rate (Rb) for line of sight (LOS) and non-line of sight (NLOS) indoor propagation channels. A link budget is created to determine the received power levels for our FCC SAR compliant system as a function of distance, data rate and system bandwidth. Results demonstrate that for a BER of 1e-6 and data rate of 100 Mbps, the biotelemetry system can communicate using FSK modulation for distances up to 3.5 m and 0.7 m assuming worst case LOS and NLOS path loss environments, respectively. The system is analyzed using the maximum bandwidth (7.5 GHz) of the UWB spectrum and various FCC limited transmit power levels.
{"title":"Selecting a safe power level for an indoor implanted UWB wireless biotelemetry link","authors":"Kerron R. Duncan, R. Etienne-Cummings","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679681","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we analyze a wireless biotelemetry link for an implanted UWB antenna located in the upper arm of a human. We use finite element analysis to characterize the specific absorption rate (SAR) of the surrounding tissue to determine the limits on transmitter power level for safe operation within the FCC restrictions on implanted electronics. We show the tradeoffs of safe transmit power levels verses bit error rate (BER), distance and data rate (Rb) for line of sight (LOS) and non-line of sight (NLOS) indoor propagation channels. A link budget is created to determine the received power levels for our FCC SAR compliant system as a function of distance, data rate and system bandwidth. Results demonstrate that for a BER of 1e-6 and data rate of 100 Mbps, the biotelemetry system can communicate using FSK modulation for distances up to 3.5 m and 0.7 m assuming worst case LOS and NLOS path loss environments, respectively. The system is analyzed using the maximum bandwidth (7.5 GHz) of the UWB spectrum and various FCC limited transmit power levels.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122440689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679712
D. Laqua, S. Pollnow, Miriam Stadthalter, Jan Fischer, M. Weis, P. Husar
Power supply of intelligent implants, as for example, an intraocular pressure sensor, cannot be handled with conventional voltage sources due to their limited durability. Energy harvesting on the contrary could be a conceivable solution to this task converting mechanical energy of fast eye movements into electrical energy. In this contribution, we investigate the upper limit on the amount of electrical energy, which can be harvested from occurring eye movements during different visual tasks. This analysis is performed on the basis of video sequences recorded with a high-speed camera system.
{"title":"Mechanical power assessment of fast eye motions for energy harvesting in autonomous intraocular implants","authors":"D. Laqua, S. Pollnow, Miriam Stadthalter, Jan Fischer, M. Weis, P. Husar","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679712","url":null,"abstract":"Power supply of intelligent implants, as for example, an intraocular pressure sensor, cannot be handled with conventional voltage sources due to their limited durability. Energy harvesting on the contrary could be a conceivable solution to this task converting mechanical energy of fast eye movements into electrical energy. In this contribution, we investigate the upper limit on the amount of electrical energy, which can be harvested from occurring eye movements during different visual tasks. This analysis is performed on the basis of video sequences recorded with a high-speed camera system.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122612150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679661
Yuanming Suo, J. Zhang, R. Etienne-Cummings, T. Tran, S. Chin
For in-vivo neuroscience experiments, implantable neural recording devices have been widely used to capture neural activity. With high acquisition rate, these devices require efficient on-chip compression methods to reduce power consumption for the subsequent wireless transmission. Recently, Compressed Sensing (CS) approaches have shown great potentials, but there exists the tradeoff between the complexity of the sensing circuit and its compression performance. To address this challenge, we proposed a two-stage CS method, including an on-chip sensing using random Bernoulli Matrix S and an off-chip sensing using Puffer transformation P. Our approach allows a simple circuit design and improves the reconstruction performance with the off-chip sensing. Moreover, we proposed to use measureed data as the sparsifying dictionary D. It delivers comparable reconstruction performance to the signal dependent dictionary and outperforms the standard basis. It also allows both D and P to be updated incrementally with reduced complexity. Experiments on simulation and real datasets show that the proposed approach can yield an average SNDR gain of more than 2 dB over other CS approaches.
{"title":"Energy-efficient two-stage Compressed Sensing method for implantable neural recordings","authors":"Yuanming Suo, J. Zhang, R. Etienne-Cummings, T. Tran, S. Chin","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679661","url":null,"abstract":"For in-vivo neuroscience experiments, implantable neural recording devices have been widely used to capture neural activity. With high acquisition rate, these devices require efficient on-chip compression methods to reduce power consumption for the subsequent wireless transmission. Recently, Compressed Sensing (CS) approaches have shown great potentials, but there exists the tradeoff between the complexity of the sensing circuit and its compression performance. To address this challenge, we proposed a two-stage CS method, including an on-chip sensing using random Bernoulli Matrix S and an off-chip sensing using Puffer transformation P. Our approach allows a simple circuit design and improves the reconstruction performance with the off-chip sensing. Moreover, we proposed to use measureed data as the sparsifying dictionary D. It delivers comparable reconstruction performance to the signal dependent dictionary and outperforms the standard basis. It also allows both D and P to be updated incrementally with reduced complexity. Experiments on simulation and real datasets show that the proposed approach can yield an average SNDR gain of more than 2 dB over other CS approaches.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125164290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679668
Y. Yanagawa, N. Itabashi, S. Migitaka, Takahide Yokoi, Makiko Yoshida, T. Kawahara
A novel two-stage reaction-control scheme with a background-cancelling circuit - for reducing data volume and analysis time of an ion-sensitive-FET (ISFET) - based DNA sequencer-is proposed. The scheme successfully reduces the background noise and renders time-consuming background analysis unnecessary. It also reduces sample-to-data time by 72% (3.6 times faster) and data volume by two orders of magnitude.
{"title":"On-chip base sequencing using a two-stage reaction-control scheme: 3.6-times-faster and 1/100-reduced-data-volume ISFET-based DNA sequencer","authors":"Y. Yanagawa, N. Itabashi, S. Migitaka, Takahide Yokoi, Makiko Yoshida, T. Kawahara","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679668","url":null,"abstract":"A novel two-stage reaction-control scheme with a background-cancelling circuit - for reducing data volume and analysis time of an ion-sensitive-FET (ISFET) - based DNA sequencer-is proposed. The scheme successfully reduces the background noise and renders time-consuming background analysis unnecessary. It also reduces sample-to-data time by 72% (3.6 times faster) and data volume by two orders of magnitude.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125526390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679684
José E. G. Medeiros, Lucas A. P. Chrisostomo, Gabriela Meira, Yuri C. R. Toledo, Matheus Pimenta, S. Haddad
This paper presents a new low-power Hearing Aid Front-end based on an analog wavelet transform signal processing. The system consists of an analog wavelet filter bank and an Automatic Gain Control (AGC), with a new topology for the decision logic and a new circuit design for the Programable Gain Amplifier (PGA). From simulation results, using a 0.18um CMOS technology, the proposed circuit shows very good performance with respect to Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and loudness behavior in an ultra low-power environment.
{"title":"A fully analog low-power wavelet-based Hearing Aid Front-end","authors":"José E. G. Medeiros, Lucas A. P. Chrisostomo, Gabriela Meira, Yuri C. R. Toledo, Matheus Pimenta, S. Haddad","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679684","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new low-power Hearing Aid Front-end based on an analog wavelet transform signal processing. The system consists of an analog wavelet filter bank and an Automatic Gain Control (AGC), with a new topology for the decision logic and a new circuit design for the Programable Gain Amplifier (PGA). From simulation results, using a 0.18um CMOS technology, the proposed circuit shows very good performance with respect to Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and loudness behavior in an ultra low-power environment.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127478139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679659
S. Brovoll, T. Berger, Y. Paichard, Øyvind Aardal, T. Lande, S. Hamran
Radar systems for detection of human heartbeats have mostly been single-channel systems with limited spatial resolution. In this paper, a radar for ultra-wideband (UWB) imaging of dynamic reflectors inside the human body is presented. To make the radar waves penetrate the human tissue a body-contact antenna is used. The antenna is an array with eight elements, and an antenna switch system connects the radar to the individual elements in sequence to form an image. Successive images are used to build up a time-lapse movie of the beating heart with a frame rate of 25 Hz. Measurements on a human test subject are presented and heartbeat waveforms are extracted at specific locations inside the body. The experiments indicate sufficient resolution for observation of different moving parts of the heart and may provide basis for live diagnosis.
{"title":"Time-lapse imaging of human heartbeats using UWB radar","authors":"S. Brovoll, T. Berger, Y. Paichard, Øyvind Aardal, T. Lande, S. Hamran","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679659","url":null,"abstract":"Radar systems for detection of human heartbeats have mostly been single-channel systems with limited spatial resolution. In this paper, a radar for ultra-wideband (UWB) imaging of dynamic reflectors inside the human body is presented. To make the radar waves penetrate the human tissue a body-contact antenna is used. The antenna is an array with eight elements, and an antenna switch system connects the radar to the individual elements in sequence to form an image. Successive images are used to build up a time-lapse movie of the beating heart with a frame rate of 25 Hz. Measurements on a human test subject are presented and heartbeat waveforms are extracted at specific locations inside the body. The experiments indicate sufficient resolution for observation of different moving parts of the heart and may provide basis for live diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130191826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-12-12DOI: 10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679720
Daniel A. Friedrichs, James G. R. Gilbert, J. Sartor
A new power supply circuit significantly increases the utility of Argon Plasma Coagulation by varying patient inclusion in the plasma-forming circuit, and by supporting novel bipolar plasma instruments. This technology spans a large gap in present plasma medicine market offerings, increasing controllability and producing previously-unobtainable tissue effects.
{"title":"New bipolar and hybrid Argon Plasma Coagulation technologies enable improved electrosurgical results","authors":"Daniel A. Friedrichs, James G. R. Gilbert, J. Sartor","doi":"10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/BioCAS.2013.6679720","url":null,"abstract":"A new power supply circuit significantly increases the utility of Argon Plasma Coagulation by varying patient inclusion in the plasma-forming circuit, and by supporting novel bipolar plasma instruments. This technology spans a large gap in present plasma medicine market offerings, increasing controllability and producing previously-unobtainable tissue effects.","PeriodicalId":344317,"journal":{"name":"2013 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference (BioCAS)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123410121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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