1997 Digest of the IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meeting: Vertical-Cavity Lasers/Technologies for a Global Information Infrastructure/WDM Components Technology/Advanced Semiconductor Lasers and Application最新文献
Pub Date : 1997-08-11DOI: 10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619103
S. Joiner
The commercialization of vertical cavity lasers (VCSELs) forces rethinking the optimum choice of wavelength and sources for data link market segments. These choices will be reviewed. In this paper I would like to make a few comments about the 850 versus 980 nm VCSEL choice. Within the standard's decision process all major arguments are based on technical criteria but decisions are not entirely made based on technical merits. Companies participating in the standards process realize the commercial benefit of a standard but also realize that each company is maneuvering the decisions to enhance its ability to compete.
{"title":"Vertical cavity lasers for datalinks","authors":"S. Joiner","doi":"10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619103","url":null,"abstract":"The commercialization of vertical cavity lasers (VCSELs) forces rethinking the optimum choice of wavelength and sources for data link market segments. These choices will be reviewed. In this paper I would like to make a few comments about the 850 versus 980 nm VCSEL choice. Within the standard's decision process all major arguments are based on technical criteria but decisions are not entirely made based on technical merits. Companies participating in the standards process realize the commercial benefit of a standard but also realize that each company is maneuvering the decisions to enhance its ability to compete.","PeriodicalId":344325,"journal":{"name":"1997 Digest of the IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meeting: Vertical-Cavity Lasers/Technologies for a Global Information Infrastructure/WDM Components Technology/Advanced Semiconductor Lasers and Application","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117337381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-08-11DOI: 10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619144
U. Koren
In the present talk will review some of the ongoing work considering DFB laser arrays for wavelength selectable lasers (WSL) and simultaneously modulated multichannel source (SMS) applications. To ensure output power levels and chirp performance similar to current DFB lasers with integrated electroabsorption (EA) modulators, a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and an EA modulator are sometimes integrated with these arrays. We review the available data on uniformity, chirp and wavelength precision of these arrays, as well as the packaging requirements. An approach that separates a tunable wavelength source and the amplifier-modulator part into two different packages have also been suggested. For an SMS source, simultaneously modulated channels create significant cross talk penalties when propagating through a common SOA. However, without an SOA, a laser array with six directly modulated DFB lasers combined into a single output fiber, has been demonstrated.
{"title":"Selectable wavelength laser arrays for WDM applications","authors":"U. Koren","doi":"10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619144","url":null,"abstract":"In the present talk will review some of the ongoing work considering DFB laser arrays for wavelength selectable lasers (WSL) and simultaneously modulated multichannel source (SMS) applications. To ensure output power levels and chirp performance similar to current DFB lasers with integrated electroabsorption (EA) modulators, a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and an EA modulator are sometimes integrated with these arrays. We review the available data on uniformity, chirp and wavelength precision of these arrays, as well as the packaging requirements. An approach that separates a tunable wavelength source and the amplifier-modulator part into two different packages have also been suggested. For an SMS source, simultaneously modulated channels create significant cross talk penalties when propagating through a common SOA. However, without an SOA, a laser array with six directly modulated DFB lasers combined into a single output fiber, has been demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":344325,"journal":{"name":"1997 Digest of the IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meeting: Vertical-Cavity Lasers/Technologies for a Global Information Infrastructure/WDM Components Technology/Advanced Semiconductor Lasers and Application","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122756840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-08-11DOI: 10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619171
Z.J. Sun, K. McGreer, J.N. Broughten
Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is a useful technology for increasing the information capacity of optical systems. Multiplexers and demultiplexers are key elements in WDM systems. Planar integrated demultiplexers based on concave gratings and arrayed waveguide gratings are attractive both for mass production and the ability to support large number of channels. Here, we report out preliminary results on concave grating demultiplexer with 90 channels and 0.3 nm channel spacing.
{"title":"Demultiplexer with 90 channels and 0.3 nm channel spacing","authors":"Z.J. Sun, K. McGreer, J.N. Broughten","doi":"10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619171","url":null,"abstract":"Wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) is a useful technology for increasing the information capacity of optical systems. Multiplexers and demultiplexers are key elements in WDM systems. Planar integrated demultiplexers based on concave gratings and arrayed waveguide gratings are attractive both for mass production and the ability to support large number of channels. Here, we report out preliminary results on concave grating demultiplexer with 90 channels and 0.3 nm channel spacing.","PeriodicalId":344325,"journal":{"name":"1997 Digest of the IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meeting: Vertical-Cavity Lasers/Technologies for a Global Information Infrastructure/WDM Components Technology/Advanced Semiconductor Lasers and Application","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125902850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-08-11DOI: 10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619186
S. Suzuki
Optical dense wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems have been investigated in order to enlarge transmission capacity and improve network flexibility. Arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) multiplexers are key components in such systems because they can process plural wavelengths simultaneously. This paper reviews recent work on AWGs based on silica-based planar lightwave circuits and their applications to dense-WDM systems. An AWG consists of plural input/output waveguides, two focal slab waveguides and a waveguide array. Applications investigated include optical add/drop multiplexers, wavelength routers and multi-channel light sources.
{"title":"Arrayed-waveguide gratings for dense-WDM systems","authors":"S. Suzuki","doi":"10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619186","url":null,"abstract":"Optical dense wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) systems have been investigated in order to enlarge transmission capacity and improve network flexibility. Arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) multiplexers are key components in such systems because they can process plural wavelengths simultaneously. This paper reviews recent work on AWGs based on silica-based planar lightwave circuits and their applications to dense-WDM systems. An AWG consists of plural input/output waveguides, two focal slab waveguides and a waveguide array. Applications investigated include optical add/drop multiplexers, wavelength routers and multi-channel light sources.","PeriodicalId":344325,"journal":{"name":"1997 Digest of the IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meeting: Vertical-Cavity Lasers/Technologies for a Global Information Infrastructure/WDM Components Technology/Advanced Semiconductor Lasers and Application","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129781702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-08-11DOI: 10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619181
D. Richards, J. Jackel
EDFAs are a key technology enabler for multiwavelength optical communications, but despite their usefulness, a number of significant technological challenges remain. One which can have a large impact, particularly on wavelength routed networks, is cross saturation, i.e. the dependence of the gain in any one channel on the total input power in all channels. When the number of wavelength channels in a saturated EDFA changes, the gain in the remaining channels also changes. The resulting power excursions in the surviving channels can degrade the system performance. Among the variety of methods used to prevent this problem is all-optical gain clamping. In this paper we present the results of a time- and spectrally-resolved simulation of two version of this all-optical stabilization method to examine some of the limitations of these techniques. The model assumes a completely homogeneous gain medium and a commercially available aluminosilicate fiber pumped at 1480 nm. We assume 2 input channels for the results presented, and we drop and add one of them. The numerical results are not necessarily optimized, but can be used to develop a quantitative understanding of the behavior of these amplifier chains.
{"title":"EDFA chain control: a comparison of two all-optical approaches","authors":"D. Richards, J. Jackel","doi":"10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619181","url":null,"abstract":"EDFAs are a key technology enabler for multiwavelength optical communications, but despite their usefulness, a number of significant technological challenges remain. One which can have a large impact, particularly on wavelength routed networks, is cross saturation, i.e. the dependence of the gain in any one channel on the total input power in all channels. When the number of wavelength channels in a saturated EDFA changes, the gain in the remaining channels also changes. The resulting power excursions in the surviving channels can degrade the system performance. Among the variety of methods used to prevent this problem is all-optical gain clamping. In this paper we present the results of a time- and spectrally-resolved simulation of two version of this all-optical stabilization method to examine some of the limitations of these techniques. The model assumes a completely homogeneous gain medium and a commercially available aluminosilicate fiber pumped at 1480 nm. We assume 2 input channels for the results presented, and we drop and add one of them. The numerical results are not necessarily optimized, but can be used to develop a quantitative understanding of the behavior of these amplifier chains.","PeriodicalId":344325,"journal":{"name":"1997 Digest of the IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meeting: Vertical-Cavity Lasers/Technologies for a Global Information Infrastructure/WDM Components Technology/Advanced Semiconductor Lasers and Application","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125333157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-08-11DOI: 10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619091
C. Wilmsen, C. Duan, J. Collington, M. P. Dames, W. Crossland
Large-broadband ATM switching nodes will require novel hardware solutions which could benefit from the inclusion of optical interconnect technology, since electronic solutions are limited by pin out and by the capacitance/inductance ofthe interconnections. This paper describes, analyzes and provides preliminary data from a new three stage free space optical switch which utilizes VCSELs for the optical interconnections, a liquid crystal spatial light modulator (SLM) as a reconfigurable shutter and relatively simple optics for fan out and fan in. A custom CMOS chip is required to introduce a time delay in the optical bit stream and to drive the VCSELs. Analysis shows that the switch should be scaleable to 1024 input and output channels. This size switch requires an array of 2048 VCSELs. A detailed optical power budget calculation indicates that each of the VCSELs in the array must have a maximum optical output of /spl sim/2 mW.
{"title":"VCSEL based high performance ATM switch","authors":"C. Wilmsen, C. Duan, J. Collington, M. P. Dames, W. Crossland","doi":"10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619091","url":null,"abstract":"Large-broadband ATM switching nodes will require novel hardware solutions which could benefit from the inclusion of optical interconnect technology, since electronic solutions are limited by pin out and by the capacitance/inductance ofthe interconnections. This paper describes, analyzes and provides preliminary data from a new three stage free space optical switch which utilizes VCSELs for the optical interconnections, a liquid crystal spatial light modulator (SLM) as a reconfigurable shutter and relatively simple optics for fan out and fan in. A custom CMOS chip is required to introduce a time delay in the optical bit stream and to drive the VCSELs. Analysis shows that the switch should be scaleable to 1024 input and output channels. This size switch requires an array of 2048 VCSELs. A detailed optical power budget calculation indicates that each of the VCSELs in the array must have a maximum optical output of /spl sim/2 mW.","PeriodicalId":344325,"journal":{"name":"1997 Digest of the IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meeting: Vertical-Cavity Lasers/Technologies for a Global Information Infrastructure/WDM Components Technology/Advanced Semiconductor Lasers and Application","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124031838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-08-11DOI: 10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619222
Jianyao Chen, R. Maciejko, T. Makino
Gain-coupled DFB lasers have a complicated modal interaction influenced by the effects of spatial hole burning (SHB) and nonlinear gain compression (NGC) because of the carrier dependent longitudinally distributed structures. In order to obtain a better understanding of the high single mode performance of gain-coupled DFB lasers, we perform a self-consistent multimode analysis using spatially dependent rate equations for the carrier density N and the modal photon number in a steady state.
{"title":"Longitudinal effects on SMSR in gain-coupled DFB lasers","authors":"Jianyao Chen, R. Maciejko, T. Makino","doi":"10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619222","url":null,"abstract":"Gain-coupled DFB lasers have a complicated modal interaction influenced by the effects of spatial hole burning (SHB) and nonlinear gain compression (NGC) because of the carrier dependent longitudinally distributed structures. In order to obtain a better understanding of the high single mode performance of gain-coupled DFB lasers, we perform a self-consistent multimode analysis using spatially dependent rate equations for the carrier density N and the modal photon number in a steady state.","PeriodicalId":344325,"journal":{"name":"1997 Digest of the IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meeting: Vertical-Cavity Lasers/Technologies for a Global Information Infrastructure/WDM Components Technology/Advanced Semiconductor Lasers and Application","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122214839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-08-11DOI: 10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619189
M. Smit
Wavelength multiplexers, demultiplexers and routers based on optical phased arrays play a key role in multi-wavelength telecommunication links and networks. Photonic integration of PHASARS with active components will provide the functionality required in tomorrows multi-wavelength networks.
{"title":"PHASAR-based PICs for WDM-applications","authors":"M. Smit","doi":"10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619189","url":null,"abstract":"Wavelength multiplexers, demultiplexers and routers based on optical phased arrays play a key role in multi-wavelength telecommunication links and networks. Photonic integration of PHASARS with active components will provide the functionality required in tomorrows multi-wavelength networks.","PeriodicalId":344325,"journal":{"name":"1997 Digest of the IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meeting: Vertical-Cavity Lasers/Technologies for a Global Information Infrastructure/WDM Components Technology/Advanced Semiconductor Lasers and Application","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131343477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-08-11DOI: 10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619133
Gerardo Castanon, O. Tonguz, A. Bonani
The teletraffic performance of regular two connected multi-hop datagram optical networks in uniform traffic under a combination of wavelength translation routing and hot-potato routing is presented. Manhattan Street (MS) Network and ShuffleNet (SN) are compared in terms of average propagation delay and throughput.
研究了波长转换路由和热薯路由相结合的常规两连接多跳数据报光网络在均匀业务量下的远程业务性能。在平均传播延迟和吞吐量方面比较了Manhattan Street (MS) Network和ShuffleNet (SN) Network。
{"title":"Performance of wavelength translation in all-optical cross-connected networks","authors":"Gerardo Castanon, O. Tonguz, A. Bonani","doi":"10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619133","url":null,"abstract":"The teletraffic performance of regular two connected multi-hop datagram optical networks in uniform traffic under a combination of wavelength translation routing and hot-potato routing is presented. Manhattan Street (MS) Network and ShuffleNet (SN) are compared in terms of average propagation delay and throughput.","PeriodicalId":344325,"journal":{"name":"1997 Digest of the IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meeting: Vertical-Cavity Lasers/Technologies for a Global Information Infrastructure/WDM Components Technology/Advanced Semiconductor Lasers and Application","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131444306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-08-11DOI: 10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619187
L. Erickson, B. Lamontagne, J. He, A. Delâge, M. Davies, E. Koteles
The use of uncoated facets on the echelle grating in a monolithic InP WDM demux leads to a reflection loss of 5.65 dB for an index of refraction of approximately 3.18. This loss can be largely eliminated by coating the out of plane facet with gold, but it involves another processing step. An alternative is to use total internal reflecting (retro-reflecting) facets. We have fabricated a WDM demultiplexer in InP for use at 1550 nm using an echelle with retro-reflecting facets and have compared its performance to another demux on the same wafer using an echelle with flat facets.
{"title":"Using a retro-reflecting echelle grating to improve WDM demux efficiency","authors":"L. Erickson, B. Lamontagne, J. He, A. Delâge, M. Davies, E. Koteles","doi":"10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LEOSST.1997.619187","url":null,"abstract":"The use of uncoated facets on the echelle grating in a monolithic InP WDM demux leads to a reflection loss of 5.65 dB for an index of refraction of approximately 3.18. This loss can be largely eliminated by coating the out of plane facet with gold, but it involves another processing step. An alternative is to use total internal reflecting (retro-reflecting) facets. We have fabricated a WDM demultiplexer in InP for use at 1550 nm using an echelle with retro-reflecting facets and have compared its performance to another demux on the same wafer using an echelle with flat facets.","PeriodicalId":344325,"journal":{"name":"1997 Digest of the IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meeting: Vertical-Cavity Lasers/Technologies for a Global Information Infrastructure/WDM Components Technology/Advanced Semiconductor Lasers and Application","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132442551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1997 Digest of the IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meeting: Vertical-Cavity Lasers/Technologies for a Global Information Infrastructure/WDM Components Technology/Advanced Semiconductor Lasers and Application
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