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2009 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science最新文献

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Fluorescent observation of individual DNA molecules on phospholipid bilayers and its application to analysis of DNA-protein interactions 磷脂双层上单个DNA分子的荧光观察及其在DNA-蛋白质相互作用分析中的应用
Pub Date : 2009-12-11 DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5351907
H. Kurita, T. Takata, H. Yasuda, K. Takashima, A. Mizuno
The advantage of single-molecule experiments on analysis of DNA-protein interactions is that it can manipulate the physical form of individual DNA molecules. In these experiments, surface treatments for anchoring individual DNA molecules are important. In this study, we carried out fluorescent observations of individual DNA molecules on phospholipid bilayers. First, we constructed a PDMS microchannel and neutravidin was immobilized on the glass surface to tether individual DNA molecules. And then, DOPC liposomes were applied to the microchannel and the lipid bilayers were constructed. Biotinylated DNA molecules labeled with fluorescent dyes were then injected to the channel and they were tethered to the glass surface. As a result, we obtained clear images of the DNA molecules. Intriguingly, in addition, we found that if the fluorescent observation was carried out with the phospholipid bilayers, photobleaching of the fluorescently-labeled DNA was slower by comparison with that without the bilayers. Moreover, we applied this method to DNA-protein interactions at a single-molecule level.
单分子实验分析DNA-蛋白质相互作用的优势在于它可以操纵单个DNA分子的物理形态。在这些实验中,锚定单个DNA分子的表面处理是重要的。在这项研究中,我们对磷脂双层上的单个DNA分子进行了荧光观察。首先,我们构建了PDMS微通道,并将中性蛋白固定在玻璃表面以系住单个DNA分子。然后将DOPC脂质体应用于微通道,构建脂质双分子层。然后,用荧光染料标记的生物素化DNA分子被注射到通道中,并被拴在玻璃表面。结果,我们获得了DNA分子的清晰图像。有趣的是,另外,我们发现,如果用磷脂双分子层进行荧光观察,荧光标记的DNA的光漂白速度比没有双分子层的DNA慢。此外,我们将这种方法应用于单分子水平的dna -蛋白质相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
Mesoscale-object handling by temperature modulation of surface stresses 通过表面应力的温度调制处理中尺度物体
Pub Date : 2009-12-11 DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5351741
E. Vela, M. Hafez, S. Régnier, S. Bouchigny
In this work, we present the non-contact manipulation of mesoscale random-shaped, large and heavy objects immersed in thin liquid water (< 0.8 mm). The manipulation principle used is the modulation of surface tension by infra red (IR) laser (1480 nm) absorption. Laser absorption generates surface-tension-driven flows. At the water-air interface, the flows go away from the laser beam (colder region), and at the bottom they go toward the laser (recirculation cell). We use these flows to drag immersed objects toward the laser focus. With laser scanning, several kinds of fluidic patterns can be obtained for specific handlings such as trapping, mixing and sorting of microcomponents. High speed flows can be reached; therefore high velocity particle manipulation can be achieved (several mm/s). Experimental measurements reported a velocity of about 5 mm/s for a spherical glass bead of 90 ¿m in diameter. With these flows, nN range forces are obtained. These forces are about 1000 times larger than forces generated with optical tweezers.
在这项工作中,我们提出了浸泡在薄液态水(< 0.8 mm)中的中尺度随机形状,大型和重型物体的非接触操作。所使用的操作原理是通过红外(IR)激光(1480 nm)吸收调制表面张力。激光吸收产生表面张力驱动流。在水气界面处,气流远离激光束(较冷的区域),而在底部流向激光(再循环单元)。我们利用这些气流将浸入的物体拖向激光焦点。通过激光扫描,可以获得几种流体模式,用于特定的处理,如捕获、混合和分选微组分。可达到高速流动;因此,可以实现高速粒子操作(几毫米/秒)。实验测量报告了直径为90微米的球形玻璃珠的速度约为5毫米/秒。利用这些流,得到了n个范围力。这些力比光镊产生的力大1000倍。
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引用次数: 0
Risk management system based on uncertainty estimation by multi-agent 基于多智能体不确定性估计的风险管理系统
Pub Date : 2009-12-11 DOI: 10.20965/jrm.2010.p0456
Daichi Kato, K. Sekiyama, T. Fukuda
The purpose of this paper is to create risk management system that multi-agent patrols for maintaining security. We consider that maintaining security is equal to relieving uncertainty. Therefore, we formulate uncertainty of places needed to maintain security by the entropy in an information theory. We call these places ”check point i(i=1,2,…,n)”. Agents patrol and observe check point's condition value with updating patrol schedule on the basis of estimating uncertainty of check points in real time. We propose the method ”Earliest Deadline First Scheduling with Adaptive Risk Estimation(EDFRE)” to relieve uncertainty. Then we compare the proposaled method with simpleEDF(Earliest Deadline First) scheduling. The result indicated that our proposal method was effective for dynamic situation.
本文的目的是建立多智能体巡逻的风险管理系统来维护安全。我们认为,维护安全就是消除不确定性。因此,我们用信息论中的熵来表述维持安全所需场所的不确定性。我们称这些地方为“检查点i(i=1,2,…,n)”。智能体在实时估计检查点不确定性的基础上,对检查点状态值进行巡逻和观察,并更新巡逻计划。为了消除不确定性,提出了“最早截止日期优先调度与自适应风险评估(EDFRE)”方法。然后将该方法与simpleEDF(最早截止日期优先)调度方法进行了比较。结果表明,本文提出的方法在动态情况下是有效的。
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引用次数: 1
Fuzzy PID control of a wearable rehabilitation robotic hand driven by pneumatic muscles 气动肌肉驱动可穿戴康复机械手的模糊PID控制
Pub Date : 2009-12-11 DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5352012
Jun Wu, Jian Huang, Yongji Wang, Kexin Xing, Qi Xu
Intensive task-oriented repetitive physical therapies need be provided by individualized interaction between the patients and the rehabilitation specialists to improve hand motor performance for those survived from stoke and traumatic brain injury. The goal of this research is to develop a novel wearable device for robotic assisted hand repetitive therapy. We designed a pneumatic muscle (PM) driven therapeutic device that is wearable and provides assistive forces required for grasping and finger extension. The robot has two distinct degrees of freedom at the thumb and all other fingers. The embedded sensors can feedback position and force information for robot control and quantitative evaluation of task performance. It is potential of providing supplemental at-home therapy in addition to in the clinic treatment. To realize the trajectory tracking control, a fuzzy PID controller is designed for the proposed device. The experimental results show angle tracking control of the robotic hand using the fuzzy PID controller has better performance than that using a conventional PID controller.
强化任务导向的重复性物理治疗需要患者和康复专家之间的个性化互动来提供,以改善中风和创伤性脑损伤幸存者的手部运动能力。本研究的目标是开发一种新型的可穿戴设备,用于机器人辅助手部重复治疗。我们设计了一种气动肌肉(PM)驱动的治疗装置,它是可穿戴的,并提供抓取和手指延伸所需的辅助力量。机器人的大拇指和其他手指都有两个不同的自由度。嵌入式传感器可以反馈位置和力信息,用于机器人控制和任务性能的定量评估。在临床治疗的基础上,提供补充的家庭治疗是有潜力的。为实现轨迹跟踪控制,设计了模糊PID控制器。实验结果表明,模糊PID控制器对机械手的角度跟踪控制效果优于传统PID控制器。
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引用次数: 35
Fault tolerance analysis of MEMS holographic memory for DORGAs 用于DORGAs的MEMS全息存储器容错分析
Pub Date : 2009-12-11 DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5352102
D. Seto, Minoru Watanabe
Demand for fast dynamic reconfiguration has increased since dynamic reconfiguration can accelerate the performance of implementation circuits on its programmable gate array. Such dynamic reconfiguration is dependent upon two important features: fast reconfiguration and numerous contexts. However, fast reconfiguration and numerous contexts share a tradeoff relation on current VLSIs. Therefore, optically recon-figurable gate arrays (ORGAs) have been developed to resolve this dilemma. Among studies of such devices, this paper presents a demonstration of a dynamic ORGA (DORGA) with a MEMS holographic memory and its fault tolerance analysis results.
由于动态重构可以提高可编程门阵列上实现电路的性能,因此对快速动态重构的需求不断增加。这种动态重新配置依赖于两个重要特性:快速重新配置和大量上下文。然而,在当前的vlsi上,快速重构和大量上下文共享一个权衡关系。因此,光学可重构门阵列(ORGAs)的发展解决了这一难题。在此类器件的研究中,本文展示了一种带有MEMS全息存储器的动态ORGA (DORGA)及其容错分析结果。
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引用次数: 0
Micro-optical medical monitoring 微光医学监测
Pub Date : 2009-12-11 DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5352064
H. Zappe
New developments in optical medical diagnostic systems incorporating advanced micro-optical and tunable photonic devices are described. Novel approaches for in vivo blood oxygen monitoring and endoscopic optical coherence tomography are presented.
光学医疗诊断系统的新发展,包括先进的微光和可调谐光子器件的描述。提出了体内血氧监测和内窥镜光学相干断层扫描的新方法。
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引用次数: 0
Preparation of cytochromes b5 with an extended COOH-terminal hydrophilic segment: Interaction of modified tail-anchored proteins with liposomes in different cholesterol content 带扩展cooh末端亲水段的细胞色素b5的制备:不同胆固醇含量的修饰尾锚定蛋白与脂质体的相互作用
Pub Date : 2009-12-11 DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5352030
Y. Sakamoto, F. Takeuchi, M. Miura, Sam-Yong Park, M. Tsubaki
A group of membrane proteins endowed with a single COOH-terminal hydrophobic domain capable of insertion into lipid bilayer is known as tail-anchored (TA) proteins. To clarify the insertion mechanism of the TA-domain of human cytochrome b5 (Hcytb5) having various COOH-terminal extensions with bovine opsin sequence, we constructed expression vectors containing membrane-bound form of Hcytb5 (or Hcytb5op(a), Hcytb5op(b), Hcytb5op(c), and Hcytb5op(d), where NH2-terminal bovine opsin sequences with various truncated forms were attached at the COOH-terminus) and established a method for their expression and purification in the holo-form. We analyzed the integration of the TA domain of holo-form of Hcytb5 into protein-free liposomes. The integration of holo- Hcytb5 occurred efficiently into the membranes with a low cholesterol content even in the presence of a small amount of Triton X−100 and, once incorporated, the proteoliposomes were relatively stable.
一组具有单一cooh末端疏水结构域的膜蛋白被称为尾部锚定(TA)蛋白。为了明确具有不同cooh末端延伸的人细胞色素b5 (Hcytb5) ta结构域与牛视蛋白序列的插入机制,我们构建了含有膜结合形式的Hcytb5(或Hcytb5op(a)、Hcytb5op(b)、Hcytb5op(c)和Hcytb5op(d)的表达载体,其中不同截断形式的nh2末端牛视蛋白序列连接在cooh末端),并建立了其全形式表达和纯化方法。我们分析了Hcytb5全息形式的TA结构域与无蛋白脂质体的整合。即使在少量Triton X - 100存在的情况下,holo- Hcytb5也能有效地整合到低胆固醇含量的膜中,并且一旦整合,蛋白脂质体相对稳定。
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引用次数: 0
Functional shRNA expression system with reduced off-target effects 减少脱靶效应的功能性shRNA表达系统
Pub Date : 2009-12-11 DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5351912
Y. Naito, K. Nishi, Aya Juni, K. Ui-Tei
The capability to induce off-target effects by small interfering RNA (siRNA) is highly correlated with the calculated melting temperature (Tm) of the protein-free seed-target duplex, indicating that its thermodynamic stability is a major factor in determining the degree of the off-target effect. In this study, we analyzed changes in microarray expression profiles following transfection of short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs). In a similar manner to siRNA, no or little off-target effects were observed by shRNA with a low Tm value in the seed-target duplex, whereas a high degree of off-target effect was induced by shRNA with a high Tm. Furthermore, shRNAs were often cleaved by Drosha and/or Dicer at the shifted sites in their primary transcripts, resulting in unexpected siRNA products with shifted sequences. Based on these results, the following conditions should be satisfied to ensure a functional shRNA with reduced off-target effects: the presence of A/U residues at nucleo tide positions 1 and −1 from the 5' end of the guide strand, three to six A/Us in nucleotide positions 2–7, G/C at positions 19 and 18, and no GC stretch of more than nine nucleotides. In addition, the Tm values of the seed regions in both strands should be low.
小干扰RNA (small interfering RNA, siRNA)诱导脱靶效应的能力与计算出的无蛋白种子-靶标双工的熔融温度(Tm)高度相关,表明其热力学稳定性是决定脱靶效应程度的主要因素。在这项研究中,我们分析了短发夹rna (shRNAs)转染后微阵列表达谱的变化。与siRNA类似,低Tm值的shRNA在种子-目标双工中没有或很少观察到脱靶效应,而高Tm值的shRNA则诱导高度脱靶效应。此外,shrna经常被Drosha和/或Dicer在其初级转录本的移位位点上切割,导致意想不到的具有移位序列的siRNA产物。根据这些结果,要确保shRNA具有较低的脱靶效应,必须满足以下条件:引导链5'端核苷酸位置1和- 1上存在a /U残基,2-7核苷酸位置3 - 6个a /U, 19和18核苷酸位置G/C, GC长度不超过9个核苷酸。此外,两股种子区的Tm值应该较低。
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引用次数: 1
Design of bio-manipulation with micro water jet 微水射流生物操纵的设计
Pub Date : 2009-12-11 DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5351991
Yalikun Yaxar, T. Hoshino, K. Morishima
We propose a new Bio-manipulation method which is based on micro hydrodynamics. Compare with other present bio-manipulation methods, our system which do not directly contact with cell is no-harmful and soft manipulation. The system implements its function by controlling a small a amount of volume of liquid stream. For manufacture the prototype to confirm the basic principle of our idea, we design several sample models to simulate force and direction of liquid stream using CFD software. As a result, we succeed in manufactured the prototype. Obtained several kinds of rectilinear motion for confirm our principle.
提出了一种基于微流体力学的生物操纵方法。与现有的其他生物操作方法相比,我们的系统不直接接触细胞,是无害的、柔软的操作。该系统通过控制少量体积的液体流来实现其功能。为了制造样机来验证我们的想法的基本原理,我们设计了几个样品模型来模拟液体流的力和方向。结果,我们成功地制造出了样机。得到了几种直线运动来证实我们的原理。
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引用次数: 0
User friendly two-fingered cell manipulation system 用户友好的两指细胞操作系统
Pub Date : 2009-12-11 DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2009.5351935
Daiki Kawakami, K. Ohara, Y. Mae, T. Takubo, T. Tanikawa, T. Arai
In this paper, user-friendly micro manipulation system for the bio-medical scientist is introduced. An operator usually is not familiar with robot technology. However, supports for RT system have great means for such users. So, user friendly system architecture is necessary to provide useful operation scheme. In this paper, the component-based architecture for micro manipulation system is proposed. Realizing component-based architecture, OpenRTM-aist, which is one of the robot middleware, is focused. And, based on this middleware, micro manipulation system and observation system are constructed as examples.
介绍了面向生物医学科学家的用户友好型微操作系统。操作员通常不熟悉机器人技术。然而,对RT系统的支持对这类用户来说意义重大。因此,需要用户友好的系统架构来提供有用的操作方案。提出了一种基于构件的微操作系统体系结构。重点介绍了机器人中间件之一的OpenRTM-aist实现基于组件的体系结构。并以该中间件为基础,构建了微操作系统和观测系统。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2009 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science
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