Over 6 million tons of spent coffee grounds (SCG) are generated annually worldwide, contributing to methane emissions and landfill pollution. This study demonstrates the use of recycled SCG as a bio-additive in natural rubber (NR) to create a sustainable alternative to bovine and synthetic leather. The developed NR-SCG composite mimics bovine leather in appearance and demonstrated superior mechanical properties, including isotropic tensile strength with less than 5.00% variation across directions, while bovine and synthetic leather showed that of 39.45% and 44.52%, respectively. This uniformity enables pattern pieces to be oriented in any direction, providing improved utilization efficiency, reduced waste, and enhanced design flexibility for complex geometries. The composite also demonstrated soil burial biodegradation within 2 months. The carbon footprint assessment revealed that NR composite with SCG 25 parts by weight per hundred parts of rubber (NR-SCG25) has a significantly lower carbon footprint of 3.22 kgCO2eq/m2, approximately 5.3 times lower than bovine leather and 4.9 times lower than polyurethane leather. This innovation offers an eco-friendly and high-performance material for sustainable design.
{"title":"Utilizing spent coffee grounds as a bio-based source for natural rubber: An alternative to synthetic leather","authors":"Pinrat Pinweha , Pornsiri Toh-ae , Sirilux Poompradub","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over 6 million tons of spent coffee grounds (SCG) are generated annually worldwide, contributing to methane emissions and landfill pollution. This study demonstrates the use of recycled SCG as a bio-additive in natural rubber (NR) to create a sustainable alternative to bovine and synthetic leather. The developed NR-SCG composite mimics bovine leather in appearance and demonstrated superior mechanical properties, including isotropic tensile strength with less than 5.00% variation across directions, while bovine and synthetic leather showed that of 39.45% and 44.52%, respectively. This uniformity enables pattern pieces to be oriented in any direction, providing improved utilization efficiency, reduced waste, and enhanced design flexibility for complex geometries. The composite also demonstrated soil burial biodegradation within 2 months. The carbon footprint assessment revealed that NR composite with SCG 25 parts by weight per hundred parts of rubber (NR-SCG25) has a significantly lower carbon footprint of 3.22 kgCO<sub>2</sub>eq/m<sup>2</sup>, approximately 5.3 times lower than bovine leather and 4.9 times lower than polyurethane leather. This innovation offers an eco-friendly and high-performance material for sustainable design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100306"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147405890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100311
Kunyu Liang , Xiaobin Jin , Xinxin Zhang , Bo Han , Jiapeng Song , Junjun Zhu , Houbao Fan , Yinkang Zhou
Ensuring sufficient cropland is crucial for food security and social stability. Cropland compensation, encompassing cropland restoration and reclamation, is an essential means of enhancing food production. Although previous studies have examined the production and ecological impacts of these two pathways, systematic national-scale comparisons remain limited. Here, an integrated comparative framework combining machine learning, dynamic balance analysis, and impact assessment is constructed. First, the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model was employed to assess cultivation suitability. Subsequently, potential areas for cropland restoration and reclamation in China were identified under the dynamic balance constraints. Furthermore, by setting different scenarios, the differential effects of two compensation pathways were simulated and compared. The results show that China has a considerable resource base for cropland compensation. China has a total of 44.95 million ha of cropland compensation potential areas, including 34.72 million ha for cropland restoration and 10.23 million ha for cropland reclamation. Both pathways contribute to increased food production levels but result in declining habitat quality. However, cropland restoration alleviates the trade-off between food production and habitat quality, whereas cropland reclamation can exacerbate it. In general, this study quantifies, for the first time at the national level, the potential areas and varying impacts of restoration and reclamation. It provides a unified basis for evaluating China's cropland compensation strategies and offers insights for sustainable agriculture and food security in densely populated or resource-constrained regions.
{"title":"Evaluating cropland restoration and reclamation strategies for sustainable land management: Insights from China","authors":"Kunyu Liang , Xiaobin Jin , Xinxin Zhang , Bo Han , Jiapeng Song , Junjun Zhu , Houbao Fan , Yinkang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ensuring sufficient cropland is crucial for food security and social stability. Cropland compensation, encompassing cropland restoration and reclamation, is an essential means of enhancing food production. Although previous studies have examined the production and ecological impacts of these two pathways, systematic national-scale comparisons remain limited. Here, an integrated comparative framework combining machine learning, dynamic balance analysis, and impact assessment is constructed. First, the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model was employed to assess cultivation suitability. Subsequently, potential areas for cropland restoration and reclamation in China were identified under the dynamic balance constraints. Furthermore, by setting different scenarios, the differential effects of two compensation pathways were simulated and compared. The results show that China has a considerable resource base for cropland compensation. China has a total of 44.95 million ha of cropland compensation potential areas, including 34.72 million ha for cropland restoration and 10.23 million ha for cropland reclamation. Both pathways contribute to increased food production levels but result in declining habitat quality. However, cropland restoration alleviates the trade-off between food production and habitat quality, whereas cropland reclamation can exacerbate it. In general, this study quantifies, for the first time at the national level, the potential areas and varying impacts of restoration and reclamation. It provides a unified basis for evaluating China's cropland compensation strategies and offers insights for sustainable agriculture and food security in densely populated or resource-constrained regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100311"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147405895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainable nitrogen (N) management is urgently needed in coastal megaregions, yet a systematic understanding of the spatial drivers of N losses, linking metabolic inefficiencies (“sources”) to landscape-driven transport (“sinks”), remains lacking. We address this gap by integrating Substance Flow Analysis, Minimum Cumulative Resistance modeling, and convergence analysis to quantify N flows and efficiency across nine cities in the Shanghai Metropolitan Area (2011-2020). Results revealed that nitrogen losses occurred predominantly through atmospheric dispersion (45.6%) and surface water (39.8%), with high spatial variability linked to landscape resistance and subsystem metabolism. Significant spatial convergence (a narrowing of efficiency gaps among cities) was observed in crop (−0.271, p < 0.05, tlife = 19.736) and aquaculture (−0.376, p < 0.01, tlife = 13.228) nitrogen use efficiency, whereas livestock and recycling systems exhibited divergent trends (a widening of gaps), reflecting uneven regional coordination. This hybrid framework uniquely links metabolic performance to landscape-mediated risk patterns, diagnosing why hotspots emerge. This provides a systemic basis for spatially differentiated management, underscoring that sustainable N governance in coastal megaregions requires concurrently optimizing system metabolism and ecological connectivity.
{"title":"Spatially targeted nitrogen management in a coastal megaregion: A hybrid framework from food production-consumption to source-sink relationships","authors":"Chenning Deng , Zeqian Zhang , Keke Zhao , Qiuheng Zhu , Chunjian Lyu , Yifan Wu , Chunbo Jiang , Yuxuan Zhang , Dingzhi Peng , Chaozheng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable nitrogen (N) management is urgently needed in coastal megaregions, yet a systematic understanding of the spatial drivers of N losses, linking metabolic inefficiencies (“sources”) to landscape-driven transport (“sinks”), remains lacking. We address this gap by integrating Substance Flow Analysis, Minimum Cumulative Resistance modeling, and convergence analysis to quantify N flows and efficiency across nine cities in the Shanghai Metropolitan Area (2011-2020). Results revealed that nitrogen losses occurred predominantly through atmospheric dispersion (45.6%) and surface water (39.8%), with high spatial variability linked to landscape resistance and subsystem metabolism. Significant spatial convergence (a narrowing of efficiency gaps among cities) was observed in crop (−0.271, <em>p</em> < 0.05, <em>t</em><sub><em>life</em></sub> = 19.736) and aquaculture (−0.376, <em>p</em> < 0.01, <em>t</em><sub><em>life</em></sub> = 13.228) nitrogen use efficiency, whereas livestock and recycling systems exhibited divergent trends (a widening of gaps), reflecting uneven regional coordination. This hybrid framework uniquely links metabolic performance to landscape-mediated risk patterns, diagnosing why hotspots emerge. This provides a systemic basis for spatially differentiated management, underscoring that sustainable N governance in coastal megaregions requires concurrently optimizing system metabolism and ecological connectivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100304"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147405930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-27DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100313
Bin Li , Changxiu Cheng , Tianyuan Zhang , Kaixuan Dai , Nan Mu , Zhe Li , Shanli Yang
Land use-driven changes in habitat quality (HQ) and habitat connectivity (HC) have emerged as critical challenges to the survival of endangered species. Previous studies have often overlooked the dynamic synergies or trade-offs between HQ and HC over time. Therefore, this study employed future land-use projections to quantitatively evaluate HQ and HC at multiple time points from 2020 to 2100 under a baseline development scenario. Furthermore, we assessed the temporal shifts in synergies and trade-offs between HQ and HC at a global provincial scale for endangered mammalian species. The results revealed an initial phase of synergistic growth between HQ and HC, presenting a critical window for ecological management interventions. However, as HQ approached a specific threshold, shifts emerged in certain regions: while HQ and HC remained synergistic in North America, Central Africa, Northeast Asia, and Australia, trade-offs became evident in areas such as southwestern South America, the southern Sahara border region, the coastal region of Africa, the southeastern China, and the high-latitude region of northwestern Asia, where improvements in HQ alone failed to effectively enhance HC. Additionally, the trade-off thresholds increased over time, rising by more than 26.46% by 2100 compared with that in 2030, and HC may derive greater benefits from equivalent HQ levels in the future. This study highlights the regional differences in future HQ and HC responses over time, and is expected to provide a scientific foundation for developing targeted conservation strategies.
{"title":"Global dynamic synergies and trade-offs in habitat quality and connectivity for endangered mammals from 2020 to 2100","authors":"Bin Li , Changxiu Cheng , Tianyuan Zhang , Kaixuan Dai , Nan Mu , Zhe Li , Shanli Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Land use-driven changes in habitat quality (HQ) and habitat connectivity (HC) have emerged as critical challenges to the survival of endangered species. Previous studies have often overlooked the dynamic synergies or trade-offs between HQ and HC over time. Therefore, this study employed future land-use projections to quantitatively evaluate HQ and HC at multiple time points from 2020 to 2100 under a baseline development scenario. Furthermore, we assessed the temporal shifts in synergies and trade-offs between HQ and HC at a global provincial scale for endangered mammalian species. The results revealed an initial phase of synergistic growth between HQ and HC, presenting a critical window for ecological management interventions. However, as HQ approached a specific threshold, shifts emerged in certain regions: while HQ and HC remained synergistic in North America, Central Africa, Northeast Asia, and Australia, trade-offs became evident in areas such as southwestern South America, the southern Sahara border region, the coastal region of Africa, the southeastern China, and the high-latitude region of northwestern Asia, where improvements in HQ alone failed to effectively enhance HC. Additionally, the trade-off thresholds increased over time, rising by more than 26.46% by 2100 compared with that in 2030, and HC may derive greater benefits from equivalent HQ levels in the future. This study highlights the regional differences in future HQ and HC responses over time, and is expected to provide a scientific foundation for developing targeted conservation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100313"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147405862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-03-04DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100317
Diego Voccia , Marco Trevisan , Giulia Rencricca , Linda Peña Caviativa , Federico Froldi , Lucrezia Lamastra
Reducing the environmental footprint of food consumption is essential for achieving climate targets, and there is growing interest in understanding whether novel foods such as cultured meat (CM) can meaningfully contribute to lowering diet-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in different national contexts. This study assesses the GHG implications of introducing CM into current German and Italian diets and in nutritionally optimized dietary patterns. Food intake data from the EFSA Comprehensive Database were used to construct country-specific baseline diets, from which six substitution scenarios were created by progressively replacing bovine, pork, poultry, sausages, processed meat, or a weighted average meat portion with CM on a protein-equivalent basis. A Monte Carlo approach (±20% variation in intake and emission factors) was used to account for realistic dietary variability. Linear programming was subsequently used to derive nutritionally optimized diets that were constrained to be within ±20% of current food-group consumption to ensure cultural acceptability. Meat was the most significant contributor to dietary GHG emissions (28% in Germany; 48% in Italy). CM reduced emissions only when substituting bovine meat, whereas replacing other meats consistently increased emissions. Optimized diets lowered emissions by 23% (Germany) and 19% (Italy) but introducing CM in these optimized diets provided no additional mitigation. Energy demand analyses show that large-scale CM production would require renewable energy expansion far beyond current national capacities. Overall, currently, CM shows limited short-term potential to reduce diet-related emissions unless used explicitly as a bovine meat replacement and supported by substantial improvements in production efficiency and the availability of clean energy.
{"title":"Greenhouse gas implications of introducing cultured meat into German and Italian diets: A comparison of substitution and optimized dietary scenarios","authors":"Diego Voccia , Marco Trevisan , Giulia Rencricca , Linda Peña Caviativa , Federico Froldi , Lucrezia Lamastra","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reducing the environmental footprint of food consumption is essential for achieving climate targets, and there is growing interest in understanding whether novel foods such as cultured meat (CM) can meaningfully contribute to lowering diet-related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in different national contexts. This study assesses the GHG implications of introducing CM into current German and Italian diets and in nutritionally optimized dietary patterns. Food intake data from the EFSA Comprehensive Database were used to construct country-specific baseline diets, from which six substitution scenarios were created by progressively replacing bovine, pork, poultry, sausages, processed meat, or a weighted average meat portion with CM on a protein-equivalent basis. A Monte Carlo approach (±20% variation in intake and emission factors) was used to account for realistic dietary variability. Linear programming was subsequently used to derive nutritionally optimized diets that were constrained to be within ±20% of current food-group consumption to ensure cultural acceptability. Meat was the most significant contributor to dietary GHG emissions (28% in Germany; 48% in Italy). CM reduced emissions only when substituting bovine meat, whereas replacing other meats consistently increased emissions. Optimized diets lowered emissions by 23% (Germany) and 19% (Italy) but introducing CM in these optimized diets provided no additional mitigation. Energy demand analyses show that large-scale CM production would require renewable energy expansion far beyond current national capacities. Overall, currently, CM shows limited short-term potential to reduce diet-related emissions unless used explicitly as a bovine meat replacement and supported by substantial improvements in production efficiency and the availability of clean energy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 100317"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147405901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-01-19DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100296
Zhizhuo Zhang , Junxia Ma , Qiting Zuo
Countries with high domestic food security risks may simultaneously face inequalities in environmental pressures embodied in global agricultural trade. Here, we effectively integrate input-output analysis and data envelopment analysis models to measure the environmental performance and potential for reducing environmental pressures in global agricultural trade, considering six dimensions: water consumption, energy use, land occupation, raw material inputs, nitrogen emissions, and phosphorus emissions. Additionally, a national food security assessment method based on fuzzy membership function is constructed. Moreover, a geographic matching relationship identification method is adaptively developed to quantitatively reveal the geographical consistency between environmental performance in transnational agricultural supply and domestic food security levels across 103 economies. Findings reveal that nearly 90 % of countries exhibit a strong geographical consistency relationship between their environmental performance embodied in global agricultural trade and their domestic food security levels. Low-income countries with inadequate food security often endure unequal exchanges of high environmental costs and limited economic benefits in global agricultural trade. More than half of the countries with high redundancy in environmental cost inputs are located in Eastern Europe, Africa, and Central Asia. Pronounced spatial disparities are observed in global food security levels, with unsustainable supply guarantees and agricultural water stress emerging as the primary constraints on food security in African and Central Asian countries, respectively. On the basis of trade regulation, balancing food risk management in developing countries with the release of redundant agricultural environmental inputs is an effective response to this geographical consistency.
{"title":"Agricultural trade environmental performance and its geographical consistency with global food security: An integrated water-energy-land-materials-pollution perspective","authors":"Zhizhuo Zhang , Junxia Ma , Qiting Zuo","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Countries with high domestic food security risks may simultaneously face inequalities in environmental pressures embodied in global agricultural trade. Here, we effectively integrate input-output analysis and data envelopment analysis models to measure the environmental performance and potential for reducing environmental pressures in global agricultural trade, considering six dimensions: water consumption, energy use, land occupation, raw material inputs, nitrogen emissions, and phosphorus emissions. Additionally, a national food security assessment method based on fuzzy membership function is constructed. Moreover, a geographic matching relationship identification method is adaptively developed to quantitatively reveal the geographical consistency between environmental performance in transnational agricultural supply and domestic food security levels across 103 economies. Findings reveal that nearly 90 % of countries exhibit a strong geographical consistency relationship between their environmental performance embodied in global agricultural trade and their domestic food security levels. Low-income countries with inadequate food security often endure unequal exchanges of high environmental costs and limited economic benefits in global agricultural trade. More than half of the countries with high redundancy in environmental cost inputs are located in Eastern Europe, Africa, and Central Asia. Pronounced spatial disparities are observed in global food security levels, with unsustainable supply guarantees and agricultural water stress emerging as the primary constraints on food security in African and Central Asian countries, respectively. On the basis of trade regulation, balancing food risk management in developing countries with the release of redundant agricultural environmental inputs is an effective response to this geographical consistency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100296"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100300
Shengji Ai , Yan Ma , Pengfei Shi , Bei Yuan , Fengying Xia , Li Li , Dading Zhang , Yafeng Li , Peng Liu , Longjie Ji , Fasheng Li
Acquiring life cycle inventory (LCI) data has been a major challenge for life cycle assessment (LCA), which not only affects results accuracy, but also consumes significant time and effort. LCI data can be classified into primary and secondary data. There is broad consensus that secondary data are more readily obtainable than primary data, albeit with higher inherent uncertainty. This study employs soil washing technology as a case system to examine the substitutability of secondary for primary data across seven LCI data categories. Data substitutability determinations were made based on comprehensive uncertainty-sensitivity profiling. Across all three impact categories, water data demonstrated strong substitutability, eliminating the need for on-site collection, whereas concrete showed limited substitutability. This study provides new insights into harmonizing the use of primary and secondary data to achieve a balance between data collection costs and the accuracy of LCA results, thereby maximizing the efficiency of LCA.
{"title":"Investigating the impacts of data sourcing in LCA using uncertainty-sensitivity analysis with a case study of soil remediation","authors":"Shengji Ai , Yan Ma , Pengfei Shi , Bei Yuan , Fengying Xia , Li Li , Dading Zhang , Yafeng Li , Peng Liu , Longjie Ji , Fasheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acquiring life cycle inventory (LCI) data has been a major challenge for life cycle assessment (LCA), which not only affects results accuracy, but also consumes significant time and effort. LCI data can be classified into primary and secondary data. There is broad consensus that secondary data are more readily obtainable than primary data, albeit with higher inherent uncertainty. This study employs soil washing technology as a case system to examine the substitutability of secondary for primary data across seven LCI data categories. Data substitutability determinations were made based on comprehensive uncertainty-sensitivity profiling. Across all three impact categories, water data demonstrated strong substitutability, eliminating the need for on-site collection, whereas concrete showed limited substitutability. This study provides new insights into harmonizing the use of primary and secondary data to achieve a balance between data collection costs and the accuracy of LCA results, thereby maximizing the efficiency of LCA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100300"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147397724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-27DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100285
Jiaqi Sun , Yangyang Hou , Yueqiu Liu , Lei Zhang , Dianjie Xie , Lin Ma , Jixing Xia , Yue Qi , Jiale You , Thomas W. Sappington , Yuhu Lv , Xingfu Jiang
Ecological pest management (EPM) is gaining increased attention with concerns regarding human health and the environment. Planting green manure (GM) represents a significant practice in EPM; meanwhile, GM enhances crop production and reduces environmental footprints via its effect on the soil microbiome. GM's direct inhibitory effect on pests and its protective effect on natural enemies have been widely reported. However, the impact of GM's soil legacy effect on pests and the underlying molecular mechanisms remains poorly characterized. In this study, three-year field trials, greenhouse experiments, and multi-omics integration were conducted to address the gap. Compared to winter fallow treatment, GM significantly reduced the occurrence of rice major pests by 43.8–94.2 %, including Mythimna separata, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Chilo suppressalis, and rice planthoppers. The infestation rate of C. suppressalis, consumption by M. separata, and oviposition by Nilaparvata lugens were reduced by 64.3–87.4 %, 38.7–39.9 % and 45.3 %, respectively. Mechanistically, GM upregulated key defense-related genes and stimulated biosynthesis of flavonoids and alkaloids, alongside the accumulation of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid, indicating synergistic activation of induced systemic resistance in rice plants. Rhizosphere soil analysis revealed GM-driven enrichment of plant-beneficial taxa (Rhizophagus irregularis, Bradyrhizobium erythrophlei, Pseudolabrys sp.), alongside enhanced soil multifunctionality (N/C cycling) and nutrient mobilization. Our PLS-PM results supported a scenario in which GM-induced pest suppression is potentially mediated by microbiome-driven defense priming. Our findings provide fundamental insights into EPM and highlight how GM modulates the rhizosphere ecosystem and further enhances aboveground systemic resistance in rice. This study offers a potential solution for reducing synthetic inputs in crop production, which contributes to agroecosystem sustainability.
{"title":"Green manure enhances ecological pest management by triggering systemic resistance in rice through reshaped rhizosphere microbiome","authors":"Jiaqi Sun , Yangyang Hou , Yueqiu Liu , Lei Zhang , Dianjie Xie , Lin Ma , Jixing Xia , Yue Qi , Jiale You , Thomas W. Sappington , Yuhu Lv , Xingfu Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ecological pest management (EPM) is gaining increased attention with concerns regarding human health and the environment. Planting green manure (GM) represents a significant practice in EPM; meanwhile, GM enhances crop production and reduces environmental footprints via its effect on the soil microbiome. GM's direct inhibitory effect on pests and its protective effect on natural enemies have been widely reported. However, the impact of GM's soil legacy effect on pests and the underlying molecular mechanisms remains poorly characterized. In this study, three-year field trials, greenhouse experiments, and multi-omics integration were conducted to address the gap. Compared to winter fallow treatment, GM significantly reduced the occurrence of rice major pests by 43.8–94.2 %, including <em>Mythimna separata, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, Chilo suppressalis,</em> and rice planthoppers. The infestation rate of <em>C. suppressalis</em>, consumption by <em>M. separata</em>, and oviposition by <em>Nilaparvata lugens</em> were reduced by 64.3–87.4 %, 38.7–39.9 % and 45.3 %, respectively. Mechanistically, GM upregulated key defense-related genes and stimulated biosynthesis of flavonoids and alkaloids, alongside the accumulation of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid, indicating synergistic activation of induced systemic resistance in rice plants. Rhizosphere soil analysis revealed GM-driven enrichment of plant-beneficial taxa (<em>Rhizophagus irregularis</em>, <em>Bradyrhizobium erythrophlei</em>, <em>Pseudolabrys</em> sp.), alongside enhanced soil multifunctionality (N/C cycling) and nutrient mobilization. Our PLS-PM results supported a scenario in which GM-induced pest suppression is potentially mediated by microbiome-driven defense priming. Our findings provide fundamental insights into EPM and highlight how GM modulates the rhizosphere ecosystem and further enhances aboveground systemic resistance in rice. This study offers a potential solution for reducing synthetic inputs in crop production, which contributes to agroecosystem sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100285"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145886414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100291
Lehua Gao , Wenwen Sun , Wu-lan-tuo-ya Bao , Bo Cao
Against the backdrop of the intertwining challenges of global climate change and agricultural sustainable development, agriculture serves not only as a fundamental industry but also as a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions. As a major agricultural nation, China still lacks a clear understanding of the carbon flow processes within its agricultural industrial chain, which hampers the formulation of targeted emission reduction strategies. To systematically reveal the transfer structure and evolutionary patterns of agriculture-related carbon emissions and support the low-carbon transition of the industry in alignment with the “dual carbon” goals, this study develops an integrated “input-output and complex network” coupling framework and conducts an analysis based on six years of input-output tables. Key findings reveal a three-phase evolution of agricultural carbon emissions (growth, peak, and plateau), with 71.55 % of emissions concentrated in four sectors: agriculture, food processing, food manufacturing, and fertilizer production. The construction (S31) and basic chemical raw materials manufacturing (S16) are identified as the primary sectors for embodied carbon inflow, while electricity and heat production and supply (S21) and petroleum and nuclear fuel processing (S15) serve as the core sectors for embodied carbon outflow. Food processing (S5) and specialty chemical products manufacturing (S17) play critical intermediary roles. The “fertilizer manufacturing → agriculture” pathway shows the highest carbon transfer volume, while “agriculture → food processing” remains a stable high-carbon-flow route. The “pesticide manufacturing → agriculture” pathway has intensified significantly since 2012. Notably, the livestock sector achieved reduced embodied carbon transfer despite production scale expansion. At the upstream stage of the industrial chain, agriculture (S1) and the food processing industry (S5) exhibit a clear transition in the carbon emission structure of the high-carbon sectors they drive during production—shifting from reliance on petroleum-based fuels toward electricity as the dominant energy source. At the downstream stage, driven by consumption demand from food-related industries, the resulting carbon emissions are highly concentrated in the paper and paper products industry (S29), accounting for more than 80 % of the total. Community detection identifies stable modular structures, revealing the systematic dependencies of embodied carbon flows. The study concludes by proposing enhanced technology adoption and optimized intermediate input management as key policy recommendations for agricultural carbon mitigation.
{"title":"The complex network transfer pathways and evolutionary patterns of embodied carbon emissions in China's agricultural industry Chain: An empirical analysis based on multi-node flow characteristics","authors":"Lehua Gao , Wenwen Sun , Wu-lan-tuo-ya Bao , Bo Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Against the backdrop of the intertwining challenges of global climate change and agricultural sustainable development, agriculture serves not only as a fundamental industry but also as a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions. As a major agricultural nation, China still lacks a clear understanding of the carbon flow processes within its agricultural industrial chain, which hampers the formulation of targeted emission reduction strategies. To systematically reveal the transfer structure and evolutionary patterns of agriculture-related carbon emissions and support the low-carbon transition of the industry in alignment with the “dual carbon” goals, this study develops an integrated “input-output and complex network” coupling framework and conducts an analysis based on six years of input-output tables. Key findings reveal a three-phase evolution of agricultural carbon emissions (growth, peak, and plateau), with 71.55 % of emissions concentrated in four sectors: agriculture, food processing, food manufacturing, and fertilizer production. The construction (S31) and basic chemical raw materials manufacturing (S16) are identified as the primary sectors for embodied carbon inflow, while electricity and heat production and supply (S21) and petroleum and nuclear fuel processing (S15) serve as the core sectors for embodied carbon outflow. Food processing (S5) and specialty chemical products manufacturing (S17) play critical intermediary roles. The “fertilizer manufacturing → agriculture” pathway shows the highest carbon transfer volume, while “agriculture → food processing” remains a stable high-carbon-flow route. The “pesticide manufacturing → agriculture” pathway has intensified significantly since 2012. Notably, the livestock sector achieved reduced embodied carbon transfer despite production scale expansion. At the upstream stage of the industrial chain, agriculture (S1) and the food processing industry (S5) exhibit a clear transition in the carbon emission structure of the high-carbon sectors they drive during production—shifting from reliance on petroleum-based fuels toward electricity as the dominant energy source. At the downstream stage, driven by consumption demand from food-related industries, the resulting carbon emissions are highly concentrated in the paper and paper products industry (S29), accounting for more than 80 % of the total. Community detection identifies stable modular structures, revealing the systematic dependencies of embodied carbon flows. The study concludes by proposing enhanced technology adoption and optimized intermediate input management as key policy recommendations for agricultural carbon mitigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100291"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100299
Zengwei Yuan , Mingjin Cheng , Eman Alaaeldin Abdelfattah , Vinay Kumar , Lu Lu , Dang Mao Nguyen , Carol Sze Ki Lin , J.Pieter H. van Wyk , Olawale Olayide , Xinmin Zhan , Ravindran Balasubramani , Antoni Sánchez , Prajal Pradhan , Deepak Sharma , Ekaterina Kravchenko
The escalating anthropogenic biomass production leads to an unprecedented rise in biowaste generation, exceeding the decomposition capacity of natural microbial communities. This disturbance of global nutrient cycling substantially threatens the habitability and thriving of Earth's life system. To address this challenge, the newly launched 5B Initiative (Biowaste, Bioconversion, Bioproduct, Biosafety, and Bioeconomy) provides a global collaborative framework that drives a paradigm shift from waste to wealth by four synergistic objectives: characterizing biowaste generation, advancing bioconversion technology, enhancing biosafety, and facilitating the bioeconomy. Integrating above objectives, the 5B initiative plan to propose a BioCyclos model framework, that traces and optimizes biomass bioconversion processes in bioresource-biowaste-bioproduct chain to promote bioeconomy and ensure biosafety. This integrated platform positions biowaste-to-bioproduct conversion alongside nature-based solutions and thereby promotes the transition toward a circular, decarbonized, and sustainable bioeconomy while restoring and maintaining balance in Earth's nutrient cycles.
{"title":"Unlocking new quality productive forces from biowaste valorization through the 5B initiative","authors":"Zengwei Yuan , Mingjin Cheng , Eman Alaaeldin Abdelfattah , Vinay Kumar , Lu Lu , Dang Mao Nguyen , Carol Sze Ki Lin , J.Pieter H. van Wyk , Olawale Olayide , Xinmin Zhan , Ravindran Balasubramani , Antoni Sánchez , Prajal Pradhan , Deepak Sharma , Ekaterina Kravchenko","doi":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100299","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resenv.2026.100299","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating anthropogenic biomass production leads to an unprecedented rise in biowaste generation, exceeding the decomposition capacity of natural microbial communities. This disturbance of global nutrient cycling substantially threatens the habitability and thriving of Earth's life system. To address this challenge, the newly launched 5B Initiative (Biowaste, Bioconversion, Bioproduct, Biosafety, and Bioeconomy) provides a global collaborative framework that drives a paradigm shift from waste to wealth by four synergistic objectives: characterizing biowaste generation, advancing bioconversion technology, enhancing biosafety, and facilitating the bioeconomy. Integrating above objectives, the 5B initiative plan to propose a BioCyclos model framework, that traces and optimizes biomass bioconversion processes in bioresource-biowaste-bioproduct chain to promote bioeconomy and ensure biosafety. This integrated platform positions biowaste-to-bioproduct conversion alongside nature-based solutions and thereby promotes the transition toward a circular, decarbonized, and sustainable bioeconomy while restoring and maintaining balance in Earth's nutrient cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34479,"journal":{"name":"Resources Environment and Sustainability","volume":"23 ","pages":"Article 100299"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147397723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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