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A segmentation approach to understanding water consumption behavioral patterns among households in Saudi Arabia for a sustainable future 采用细分方法了解沙特阿拉伯家庭的用水行为模式,实现可持续未来
Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100144
Abdulaziz I. Almulhim , Ismaila Rimi Abubakar

Urban water consumption has significant implications for both human welfare and the environment, especially in arid regions. In Saudi Arabia, where 60% of the urban water supply relies on energy-intensive desalination processes, the average per capita water consumption rate of 300 L/day is one of the highest worldwide. This study investigates potential behavioral patterns in residential water consumption among households in Saudi Arabia. A segmentation approach is employed to classify residents into clusters and evaluate their potential water consumption behavioral patterns. Data from 618 households were collected via a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis (CA). Participants were categorized into six segments based on the relationship between their behaviors and water consumption derived from the factor analysis. The outcomes of PCA and CA analyses indicate a relationship between respondents’ socio-demographic factors and their potential behavioral patterns in residential water consumption. The findings highlight that education, household size, income, housing type, age, and nationality, in increasing order of significance, are the key factors influencing household water consumption and conservation tendencies. The paper concludes that comprehending residential water consumption patterns is crucial for effective interventions, social marketing strategies, and communication campaigns for behavioral changes. The study can inform water conservation policies and programs that promote sustainable water consumption practices, benefiting agencies, policymakers, and scholars in the water sector.

城市用水对人类福祉和环境都有重大影响,尤其是在干旱地区。在沙特阿拉伯,60%的城市供水依赖于能源密集型的海水淡化工艺,人均用水量为 300 升/天,是全球用水量最高的国家之一。本研究调查了沙特阿拉伯居民家庭用水的潜在行为模式。研究采用细分方法将居民划分为若干群组,并对其潜在的用水行为模式进行评估。通过结构化问卷收集了 618 个家庭的数据,并使用描述性统计、主成分分析和聚类分析对数据进行了分析。根据因子分析得出的行为与用水量之间的关系,将参与者分为六个部分。主成分分析和聚类分析的结果表明,受访者的社会人口因素与他们在居民用水方面的潜在行为模式之间存在关系。研究结果表明,教育程度、家庭规模、收入、住房类型、年龄和国籍是影响家庭用水量和节水倾向的关键因素,这些因素的重要性依次递增。本文的结论是,了解居民的用水模式对于采取有效的干预措施、社会营销战略和宣传活动以促进行为改变至关重要。这项研究可以为促进可持续用水的节水政策和项目提供信息,使水利部门的机构、决策者和学者从中受益。
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引用次数: 0
Sustainable waste utilization: Geopolymeric fly ash waste as an effective phenol adsorbent for environmental remediation 废物的可持续利用:土工聚合粉煤灰废料作为一种有效的苯酚吸附剂用于环境修复
Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100142
Dima Anwar Hijazi, Amina BiBi, Mohammad A. Al-Ghouti

Rapid industrialization and urbanization generate significant waste, including fly ash, posing environmental challenges. Utilizing these materials is essential to mitigate impacts and promote sustainable development. This research paper focuses on the innovative application of geopolymeric fly ash (GEOFA) waste modified with titanium oxide (TiO2) (GEOFA-TiO2) as a promising adsorbent for the removal of phenol compounds from contaminated water. Analysis showed that the modification process resulted in the formation of functional groups such as -OH, which aided in the adsorption process. Adsorption studies were conducted to evaluate the influence of pH, temperature, and concentration on phenol removal. The maximum percentage removal of phenol was achieved at optimum conditions of pH 6 and a temperature of 25 °C, with an adsorption capacity of 166.7 mg/g. The adsorption process followed the Langmuir model, suggesting a monolayer adsorption mechanism and the thermodynamic studies revealed that the phenol adsorption onto GEOFA-TiO2 was an endothermic process with a promising affinity between phenol and the adsorbent. This study demonstrates the effective use of modified fly ash-based adsorbents to remove phenolic contaminants. By repurposing waste materials, this research addresses waste management challenges and promotes sustainable practices, reveling their potential for environmental remediation.

快速的工业化和城市化产生了大量废物,包括粉煤灰,给环境带来了挑战。利用这些材料对减轻影响和促进可持续发展至关重要。本研究论文重点探讨了土工聚合粉煤灰(GEOFA)废物与氧化钛(TiO2)(GEOFA-TiO2)改性后作为吸附剂的创新应用,以去除污染水中的苯酚化合物。分析表明,改性过程形成了 -OH 等官能团,有助于吸附过程。吸附研究评估了 pH 值、温度和浓度对苯酚去除率的影响。在 pH 值为 6、温度为 25 °C 的最佳条件下,苯酚的去除率最高,吸附容量为 166.7 mg/g。热力学研究表明,苯酚在 GEOFA-TiO2 上的吸附是一个内热过程,苯酚与吸附剂之间具有良好的亲和力。这项研究表明,改性粉煤灰吸附剂可有效去除酚类污染物。通过对废弃材料的再利用,这项研究解决了废物管理方面的难题,促进了可持续发展实践,并揭示了其在环境修复方面的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Streamlining extracellular polymeric substance removal: Fuzzy multi-objective optimization of ultrasonic-Fenton treatment 流线型细胞外聚合物去除:超声- fenton处理的模糊多目标优化
Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100141
Angelo Earvin Sy Choi, Danielle Grace Evangelista, Joseph R. Ortenero

Managing high water content sludge in wastewater treatment is crucial for sustainability. This involves a complex challenge of maximizing the removal of loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances (LB-EPS) while minimizing ultrasonic-Fenton process costs. This study introduces a novel approach to address these conflicting objectives by adopting fuzzy multi-objective optimization. This method reconciles the conflicting objectives by identifying the optimal conditions for ferrous ion (Fe2+) dosage, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dosage, and ultrasonication time. The optimization model incorporates empirical equations that define the effects of Fenton’s reagent and ultrasonication on LB-EPS removal, as well as considerations for material and electricity usage costs and the cumulative uncertainties associated with experimental runs. To effectively capture the trade-offs between EPS removal and process costs, the ɛ -constraint method was utilized to delineate the Pareto front. This approach significantly enhances LB-EPS removal from anaerobically digested sludge and establishes boundary limits within the Pareto front for practical application within the context of fuzzy optimization. The optimized solution derived from this innovative approach resulted in the conditions of 10 mM Fe2+ dosage, 100 mM H2O2 dosage, and 10 min of ultrasonication. This configuration achieves an impressive 60.7% ± 3.7% LB-EPS removal while maintaining a cost of 26.6 USD/L and ensuring 100% overall satisfaction. This research represents a significant advancement in sludge dewatering strategies. It underscores the pivotal role of innovative decision-making approaches in advancing the field of sludge dewatering methodologies for more sustainable wastewater treatment practices.

在废水处理中管理高含水量污泥对可持续性至关重要。这涉及到最大限度地去除松散结合的细胞外聚合物(LB-EPS),同时最大限度地降低超声波-芬顿工艺成本的复杂挑战。本文提出了一种新的方法,即采用模糊多目标优化来解决这些冲突的目标。该方法通过确定亚铁离子(Fe2+)用量、过氧化氢(H2O2)用量和超声处理时间的最佳条件来协调矛盾的目标。优化模型结合了经验方程,定义了Fenton试剂和超声波对LB-EPS去除的影响,并考虑了材料和电力使用成本以及与实验运行相关的累积不确定性。为了有效地捕捉EPS去除和工艺成本之间的权衡,使用了约束方法来描绘帕累托前沿。该方法显著提高了厌氧消化污泥中LB-EPS的去除,并在模糊优化的背景下建立了帕累托前沿的边界限制。优化后的溶液条件为:Fe2+投加量为10 mM, H2O2投加量为100 mM,超声作用时间为10 min。这种配置实现了令人印象深刻的60.7%±3.7% LB-EPS去除,同时保持了26.6美元/升的成本,并确保了100%的总体满意度。这项研究代表了污泥脱水策略的重大进展。它强调了创新决策方法在推进污泥脱水方法领域的关键作用,以实现更可持续的废水处理实践。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of pumping and injection regimes for mitigation of seawater intrusion 为减少海水入侵而优化泵送和注入方案
Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100140
Assaad Kassem , Kassem El Cheikh Ali , Ahmed Sefelnasr , Mohsen Sherif

Seawater intrusion (SWI) stands as a significant challenge impacting coastal aquifers worldwide. The emergence of SWI is a natural phenomenon owing to the density difference between seawater and freshwater. Even without any pumping, the seawater naturally advances inland until a hydrostatic equilibrium between the two water sources is reached. However, human interventions, such as excessive groundwater extraction, coastal developments, and land use as well as climate change intensify the SWI predicament. Efficient solutions to counteract the SWI problem involve the implementation of hydraulic barriers. By employing the Henry problem as a benchmark, the Finite Element Simulator (FEFLOW), which is a numerical modeling software, was used for simulating the flow and transport processes. An integrated FEFLOW-Python code was developed to optimize hydraulic barriers for mitigating SWI. The methodology aims to achieve the maximum possible reduction in SWI by iteratively adjusting the locations and rates of pumping and injection wells. Unlike other investigations, this study explores the utilization of negative SWI barriers to extract brackish water from the dispersion zone and potentially offer a cost-effective alternative water source for desalination plants’ intakes. For the Henry Problem, to maximize the reduction in of SWI, brackish water extraction wells should be situated near the center-bottom of the intrusion zone, with a pumping rate of 2.5 m3/day. For injection wells, the optimal location varies depending on the injection rate (I). Achieving the highest retardation (61%) occurs when the injection rate is 1 m3/day, positioned at the aquifer’s bottom and close to the coastal boundary. However, for injection rates below 0.7 m3/day, the injection well’s optimal location shifts towards the seawater intrusion toe. This study presents a novel approach by establishing explicit correlations for optimizing hydraulic barriers to effectively manage and mitigate SWI.

海水入侵(SWI)是影响全球沿海含水层的重大挑战。SWI的出现是由于海水和淡水之间的密度差异造成的自然现象。即使没有任何泵送,海水也会自然地向内陆移动,直到两个水源之间达到流体静力学平衡。然而,过度抽取地下水、沿海开发、土地利用以及气候变化等人为干预加剧了SWI的困境。解决SWI问题的有效方法包括实施水力屏障。以Henry问题为基准,利用数值模拟软件Finite Element Simulator (FEFLOW)对流动和输运过程进行模拟。开发了一个集成的FEFLOW-Python代码来优化水力屏障以减轻SWI。该方法旨在通过迭代调整泵注井的位置和速率,最大限度地降低SWI。与其他研究不同的是,本研究探索了利用负SWI屏障从分散区提取微咸水,并可能为海水淡化厂的进水口提供一种具有成本效益的替代水源。对于Henry问题,为了最大限度地降低SWI,苦咸水抽取井应位于侵入区的中底附近,泵送量为2.5 m3/d。注水井的最佳位置取决于注入速度(I)。当注入速度为1 m3/天时,位于含水层底部,靠近海岸边界,达到最高的延迟(61%)。然而,当注入速率低于0.7 m3/天时,注入井的最佳位置转向海水侵入趾。注水井位置的选择与注入速率密切相关,最大阻滞率可能达到61%。该研究提出了一种新的方法,通过建立显式相关性来优化水力屏障,从而有效地管理和减轻SWI。
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引用次数: 0
Time series and ensemble models to forecast banana crop yield in Tanzania, considering the effects of climate change 考虑气候变化影响预测坦桑尼亚香蕉作物产量的时间序列和集合模型
Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100138
Sabas Patrick , Silas Mirau , Isambi Mbalawata , Judith Leo

Banana cultivation plays a pivotal role in Tanzania’s agricultural landscape and food security. Precisely forecasting banana crop yield is essential for resource optimization, market stability, and informed policymaking, particularly in the face of climate change. This study employed time series and ensemble models to forecast banana crop yield in Tanzania, offering crucial insights into future production trends. We utilized Seasonal ARIMA with Exogenous Variables (SARIMAX), State Space (SS), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models, chosen based on regression analysis and data exploration. Leveraging historical banana yield data (1961–2020) and relevant climate variables, we formulated an ensemble model using a weighted average approach. Our findings underscore the potential of time series and ensemble models for accurate banana crop yield forecasting. Statistical evaluation metrics validate their effectiveness in capturing temporal variations and delivering reliable predictions. This research advances agricultural forecasting by demonstrating the successful application of these models in Tanzania. It emphasizes the importance of considering temporal dynamics and relevant factors for precise predictions. Policymakers, farmers, and stakeholders can leverage this study’s outcomes to make informed decisions on resource allocation, market planning, and agricultural policies. Ultimately, our research bolsters sustainable banana production and enhances food security in Tanzania.

香蕉种植在坦桑尼亚的农业景观和粮食安全中发挥着关键作用。准确预测香蕉作物产量对于资源优化、市场稳定和知情决策至关重要,尤其是在气候变化的情况下。这项研究采用了时间序列和集合模型来预测坦桑尼亚的香蕉作物产量,为未来的生产趋势提供了重要的见解。我们使用了基于回归分析和数据探索选择的具有外源变量的季节性ARIMA(SARIMAX)、状态空间(SS)和长短期记忆(LSTM)模型。利用历史香蕉产量数据(1961–2020)和相关气候变量,我们使用加权平均法建立了一个综合模型。我们的发现强调了时间序列和集合模型在准确预测香蕉作物产量方面的潜力。统计评估指标验证了它们在捕捉时间变化和提供可靠预测方面的有效性。这项研究通过证明这些模型在坦桑尼亚的成功应用,促进了农业预测。它强调了考虑时间动态和相关因素对精确预测的重要性。政策制定者、农民和利益相关者可以利用这项研究的结果,就资源分配、市场规划和农业政策做出明智的决定。最终,我们的研究支持了坦桑尼亚的可持续香蕉生产并加强了粮食安全。
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引用次数: 0
Local–global dual attention network (LGANet) for population estimation using remote sensing imagery 利用遥感图像进行人口估计的本地-全球双重关注网络
Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100136
Yanxiao Jiang , Zhou Huang , Linna Li , Quanhua Dong

Accurate and rapid censuses can provide detailed basic information for a country, which is useful for resource allocation, disease control, disaster prevention, urban planning, and business management. However, traditional censuses often take up much time, manpower, and financial resources. Population maps are created by national statistical institutes at statistical units. Remote sensing imagery combined with end-to-end deep learning models makes it possible to estimate a wide range of populations at a low cost. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a local–global dual attention network (LGANet) for population estimation using remote sensing images. The LGANet contains a local attention embranchment and a global attention embranchment on the top of the backbone to adaptively learn and integrate two discriminative features simultaneously. To enhance the precision of population estimation, the outputs from the two attention modules are combined. This method utilizes daytime remote sensing images as input, complemented by nighttime light data, to estimate the population on 1 km grids. Our method exhibits superior accuracy compared to other deep learning methods, as evidenced by an experimental comparison between the estimated population and the ground-truth population in 1 km grids.

准确快速的人口普查可以为一个国家提供详细的基本信息,这对资源分配、疾病控制、灾害预防、城市规划和商业管理都很有用。然而,传统的人口普查往往占用大量的时间、人力和财力。人口地图由国家统计机构按统计单位编制。遥感图像与端到端深度学习模型相结合,可以以低成本估计广泛的人口。这项研究证明了使用遥感图像进行人口估计的本地-全球双重关注网络(LGANet)的有效性。LGANet在主干顶部包含一个局部注意力分支和一个全局注意力分支,以同时自适应地学习和整合两个判别特征。为了提高人口估计的精度,将两个注意力模块的输出组合在一起。该方法利用白天的遥感图像作为输入,辅以夜间的光照数据,在1公里的网格上估计人口。与其他深度学习方法相比,我们的方法显示出优越的准确性,1公里网格中的估计种群和地面实况种群之间的实验比较证明了这一点。
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引用次数: 0
A systematic literature review on individuals’ waste separation behavior 关于个体垃圾分类行为的系统文献综述
Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100137
Xuejuan Zhang

Managing mixed waste poses environmental challenges and source separation has been encouraged worldwide. By reviewing 279 relevant papers systematically on waste separation behavior, its definition, influencing factors, commonly applied theories, statistical models, and implications are presented in this paper. Firstly, the term waste separation behavior was defined compared to similar concepts. Taking account of the multi-level attributes of separation behavior, the determinants were divided into micro and macro factors. Among the micro factors, the factors with the most empirical evidence are norms, intention, convenience, and knowledge. Personality and affective evaluation are suggested to be included for future investigation. On the macro level, four factors are analyzed: policies, economy, culture, and market. Possible pathways for research and interventions are given to encourage relevant stakeholders to understand and promote waste separation behavior.

管理混合废物带来了环境挑战,全世界都鼓励进行源头分离。本文通过对279篇有关垃圾分类行为的相关论文的系统回顾,介绍了其定义、影响因素、常用理论、统计模型及其启示。首先,与类似概念相比,定义了废物分离行为这一术语。考虑到分离行为的多层次属性,将决定因素分为微观因素和宏观因素。在微观因素中,经验证据最多的因素是规范、意图、便利和知识。人格和情感评估被建议纳入未来的调查。在宏观层面上,分析了四个因素:政策、经济、文化和市场。提供了可能的研究和干预途径,以鼓励相关利益相关者了解和促进废物分离行为。
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引用次数: 0
How technological innovation influences carbon emission efficiency for sustainable development? Evidence from China 技术创新如何影响可持续发展的碳排放效率?来自中国的证据
Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100135
Xiaochun Zhao , Laichun Long , Shi Yin , Ying Zhou

Exploring the impact of technological innovation on carbon efficiency is conducive to achieving a better low-carbon transition and thus reaching sustainable development goals. However, the academic community still has no consensus about the impact of technological innovation on carbon efficiency. China is a vast country with differences in resource endowment and economic development in different regions. Therefore, this paper first assesses the level of technological innovation and carbon emission efficiency in China through panel data of 30 provinces in China. Then, the PVAR (Panel Vector Autoregressive) model is utilized to explore the regional differences in the impact of technological innovation on carbon emission efficiency. The findings reveal that: First, the level of technological innovation in China shows a continuous development trend, but the level as a whole is relatively low. Technological innovation in western China is far behind that in eastern China. Second, China’s carbon emission efficiency is generally at a high level but shows a trend from rise to fall. The efficiency of carbon emission in eastern China is higher than in central China, and the efficiency of carbon emission in central China is higher than in western China. Third, the impulse response reveals that the influence of China’s technological innovation on the efficiency of carbon emission has experienced a change from negative impact to positive impact. The initial influence of technological innovation on carbon emission efficiency is negative, with the largest negative impact seen in central China (−0.100), followed by the eastern area of China (−0.050), and finally the western region of China (−0.005). After one period, technological innovation turned to have positive effect on the efficiency of carbon emission, with eastern China having the most positive impact (0.060), followed by central China (0.010), and western China ranking last (0.001). The above findings have implications for the formulation of technological innovation policies in different regions of China to improve the efficiency of carbon emissions in accordance with local conditions.

探索技术创新对碳效率的影响,有利于实现更好的低碳转型,从而实现可持续发展目标。然而,对于技术创新对碳效率的影响,学术界仍然没有达成共识。中国幅员辽阔,不同地区的资源禀赋和经济发展存在差异。因此,本文首先通过中国30个省份的面板数据来评估中国的技术创新水平和碳排放效率。然后,利用PVAR(Panel Vector Autoregression)模型探讨了技术创新对碳排放效率影响的区域差异。研究结果表明:第一,我国技术创新水平呈持续发展趋势,但总体水平相对较低。西部地区的技术创新远远落后于东部地区。第二,中国的碳排放效率总体上处于较高水平,但呈现出由高到低的趋势。东部地区碳排放效率高于中部地区,中部地区碳排放率高于西部地区。第三,脉冲响应表明,中国技术创新对碳排放效率的影响经历了从负面影响到正面影响的转变。技术创新对碳排放效率的初始影响是负的,其中华中地区的负影响最大(−0.100),其次是东部地区(−0.050),最后是西部地区(−0.005),上述研究结果对中国不同地区因地制宜制定技术创新政策以提高碳排放效率具有启示意义。
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引用次数: 3
Retraction notice to “Evaluating the stormwater reduction of a green roof under different rainfall events and antecedent water contents with a modified hydrological model” [Resour., Environ. Sustain. 13 (2023) 100125] “用改良的水文模型评估不同降雨事件及先前含水量下绿色屋顶的雨水减少量”的撤回通知[参考资料]。,环境。维持。13 (2023)100125]
Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100130
Pei-Yuan Chen , Xiang-Feng Hong , Wei-Hsuan Lo
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引用次数: 0
Sustainability metrics and a hybrid decision-making model for selecting lean manufacturing tools 可持续性指标和选择精益生产工具的混合决策模型
Q1 Environmental Science Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2023.100120
Ali Jaber Naeemah, Kuan Yew Wong

The literature review reveals that lean manufacturing tool selection models still have some gaps. These models lack the criteria for selecting LM tools. Only a few of these models adopted hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods. Obtaining reliable criteria weights in these models is complicated. They lack the consideration of grey uncertainty. Thus, this study is the first to propose a hybrid model for selecting a set of LM tools based on their effect on sustainability. This model combines the best-worst method (BWM) for weighting the criteria and the grey technique for order of preference by similarity to the ideal solution (Grey-TOPSIS) method to rank the alternatives and address the grey uncertainty problem. A set of sustainability metrics (selection criteria) was determined based on a literature review and expert evaluation to prioritize a set of LM tools. An Iraqi cement company was utilized to evaluate the proposed model. The ranking results showed that the value stream mapping (VSM) tool was the most important, whereas the single-minute exchange of die (SMED) tool was the least important. The rankings of the remaining LM tools ranged between these two tools depending on their effects on sustainability. The study conducted a sensitivity analysis using three strategies that verified the model’s robustness and reliability. This research provides 16 applicable sustainability metrics and 12 LM tools that could function as a knowledge foundation for future research. It can help researchers and manufacturers maximize sustainability performance by delivering a hybrid MCDM model to select the appropriate LM tools.

文献综述表明,精益制造工具选择模型还存在一些空白。这些模型缺乏选择LM工具的标准。只有少数模型采用了混合多准则决策方法。在这些模型中获得可靠的准则权重是很复杂的。他们缺乏对灰色不确定性的考虑。因此,本研究首次提出了一种混合模型,用于根据LM工具对可持续性的影响选择一套LM工具。该模型结合了最佳-最差法(best-worst method, BWM)和灰色法(grey - topsis),通过与理想解的相似性对备选方案进行排序,解决了灰色不确定性问题。基于文献回顾和专家评估,确定了一组可持续性指标(选择标准),以优先考虑一组LM工具。利用伊拉克一家水泥公司对所提出的模型进行了评价。排序结果显示价值流映射(VSM)工具最重要,而单分钟换模(SMED)工具最不重要。其余LM工具的排名介于这两个工具之间,取决于它们对可持续性的影响。本研究采用三种策略进行了敏感性分析,验证了模型的稳健性和可靠性。本研究提供了16个适用的可持续发展指标和12个LM工具,可作为未来研究的知识基础。它可以通过提供混合MCDM模型来选择合适的LM工具,从而帮助研究人员和制造商最大限度地提高可持续性绩效。
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引用次数: 2
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Resources Environment and Sustainability
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