Resources Environment and Sustainability最新文献_第7页

Beyond trade-offs in China’s vegetation-economy dynamics 超越中国植被经济动态的权衡

IF 12.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100235

Yahan Chen , Xin Wang , Zongqiang Xie

Effectively achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) alongside climate change adaptation and mitigation actions requires recognizing synergies and trade-offs among various targets. The relationship between vegetation conservation and economic development is complex and context-dependent across different regions and scales, and the lack of long-term and large-scale data remains a challenge in fully verifying this relationship. Existing area-based vegetation conservation metrics did not account for the ecological heterogeneity of vegetation zones. We proposed a zonal vegetation ratio to measure the extent of conservation of zonal vegetation, defined as the proportion of zonal vegetation area to the total area within a region. We analyzed the relationship of the zonal vegetation ratio with economic levels and Net Primary Productivity (NPP) using three decades of data from more than 2,000 rural counties (

\sim

94.1% of the total land area) in China. Although the zonal vegetation ratio showed negative correlations with per area economic indicators and NPP nationally, variations occurred across vegetation zones. The relationship was mutually beneficial in the desert and alpine zones, which suggested that vegetation conservation and economic growth could coexist under certain conditions. After controlling for individual and temporal effects, the zonal vegetation ratio positively impacted fiscal revenue. Dynamic panel analyses suggested a potential positive causal link between the zonal vegetation ratio and fiscal revenue, although unobserved external factors limited causal certainty. These findings advocate for context-specific policies to align vegetation conservation and economic development. They highlight the need for further research to validate causal relationships and inform policy formulation.

要在适应和减缓气候变化行动的同时有效实现联合国可持续发展目标，就需要认识到各种目标之间的协同作用和权衡。植被保护与经济发展之间的关系在不同区域和尺度上具有复杂的背景依赖性，缺乏长期和大尺度的数据仍然是充分验证这种关系的挑战。现有的基于区域的植被保护指标没有考虑到植被带的生态异质性。我们提出了地带性植被比例来衡量地带性植被的保护程度，定义为地带性植被面积占区域内总面积的比例。我们利用中国2000多个农村县（约占总土地面积的94.1%）30年的数据，分析了地带性植被比与经济水平和净初级生产力（NPP）的关系。地带性植被比与全国各区域经济指标和NPP呈负相关，但各植被带间存在差异。在荒漠和高寒地区，这种关系是互利的，这表明在一定条件下，植被保护和经济增长可以共存。在控制个体和时间效应后，地带性植被比正影响财政收入。动态面板分析表明，地带性植被比与财政收入之间存在潜在的正因果关系，尽管未观察到的外部因素限制了因果确定性。这些发现提倡采取因地制宜的政策，将植被保护与经济发展结合起来。他们强调需要进一步研究以验证因果关系并为政策制定提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Innovative hybrid fuzzy MCDM techniques for adopting the appropriate renewable energy strategy 采用合适的可再生能源策略的创新混合模糊MCDM技术

IF 12.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100234

Ghazi M. Magableh , Mahmoud Z. Mistarihi , Saba Abu Dalu

The future of clean sustainable energy depends on a strategic approach that aligns with national policies, ensuring sustainability and efficiency in renewable energy plans, and ensuring a smooth transition towards clean renewable energy. The study aims to evaluate primary SGE strategies in the UAE considering different factors and fill the gaps from previous studies and contribute by suggesting various strategies for utilizing clean renewable energy, analyzing their importance, suggesting evaluation tools, and presenting a model for adopting the appropriate renewable energy strategy, facilitating resource planning, utilization, and selection. It employs questionnaires, official data, and expert opinions to gather information. The study proposes strategies for utilizing clean renewable energy, analyzes them based on priorities, suggests evaluation tools, and explores UAE’s sustainable green energy use, introducing a cutting-edge model, for selection, analyzing technological solutions, potentials, challenges, and sustainability factors, aligning with UAE’s energy strategies. The model links the potential of SGE sources to adopted strategies to facilitate the future planning. The study presents various SGE strategies assessment methods, including MOORA, SAW, FMOORA, FSAW, combined MOORA-SAW, and FMOORAS-FSAW, and introduces an innovative hybrid MCDM technique for systematic decision-making. The outcomes of the research indicate that the MOORA-SAW integration method aligns with evaluators’ opinions, allowing future comparisons of sustainable and renewable green energy strategies. Open and integrated strategies are preferred when all criteria are balanced, as open strategy encourages innovation and links SGE resource management plans to corporate objectives, while integrated approach promotes regional collaboration. The study’s findings are valuable for decision-makers and countries interested in renewable energy initiatives, helping them select optimal strategies for future sustainable green energy developments.

清洁可持续能源的未来取决于与国家政策相一致的战略方针，确保可再生能源计划的可持续性和效率，并确保向清洁可再生能源的顺利过渡。本研究旨在评估阿联酋的主要SGE战略，考虑不同的因素，填补以往研究的空白，提出各种利用清洁可再生能源的战略，分析其重要性，提出评估工具，并提出采用适当可再生能源战略的模型，促进资源规划、利用和选择。它采用问卷调查、官方数据和专家意见来收集信息。该研究提出了利用清洁可再生能源的战略，并根据优先事项进行了分析，提出了评估工具，并探讨了阿联酋的可持续绿色能源利用，引入了一个前沿模型，用于选择、分析技术解决方案、潜力、挑战和可持续性因素，与阿联酋的能源战略保持一致。该模型将SGE资源的潜力与所采用的战略联系起来，以促进未来的规划。提出了MOORA、SAW、FMOORA、FSAW、MOORA-SAW组合、FMOORA -SAW - FMOORA -FSAW等多种SGE战略评估方法，并引入了一种创新的混合MCDM技术用于系统决策。研究结果表明，MOORA-SAW整合方法与评估者的意见一致，允许未来对可持续和可再生绿色能源战略进行比较。当所有标准平衡时，开放和综合战略是首选，因为开放战略鼓励创新，并将SGE的资源管理计划与企业目标联系起来，而综合方法促进区域合作。这项研究的发现对决策者和对可再生能源计划感兴趣的国家很有价值，有助于他们为未来的可持续绿色能源发展选择最佳战略。

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引用次数: 0

Life cycle assessment of recirculating aquaculture systems with innovative biochar filter for enhanced nutrient recirculation 采用新型生物炭过滤器加强营养循环的循环水养殖系统的生命周期评估

IF 12.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100233

Marta Behjat , Magdalena Svanström , Gregory Peters , Niklas Wennberg

Reducing pollution caused by losses of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) from the technosphere and turning these flows into resources is a focus of current research towards a circular economy. Producing biochar from biomass pyrolysis and using it in agriculture is a promising way to mitigate climate change and improve soil quality. In this study, we explore the environmental performance of using biochar for nutrient recovery in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) and generating a nutrient-enriched biochar for agricultural use. Through prospective life cycle assessment (LCA), the study looks into two different RAS configurations, one with a conventional biofilter and one with the innovative biochar filter. The latter is also explored using two different system perspectives: in the first, the biochar production is considered an activity that happens solely for the purpose of the fish farming but with the added function that it captures and transports nutrients along with stable C to agricultural soil; in the second, biochar is considered already produced and destined for agriculture but it takes a detour to a fish farm to collect some nutrients en route. The main environmental hotspots for the conventional system are related to fish feed production and electricity usage. When the biofilter is replaced by a biochar filter and biochar is generated for the main purpose of being a filter, additional large impacts from forestry biomass production and construction of a pyrolysis plant are associated with the RAS. This is only partially counteracted by recovered heat and nutrients, but for climate impact, the gains related to C sequestration are considerable. A sensitivity analysis revealed considerable variability in the performance of the first RAS biochar configuration due to variations in NH

_{4}^{+}

adsorption capacity. When biochar is considered a “sunk cost” - a resource generated for other purposes - the weight of impacts shifts back to fish feed production and to biochar container construction. With regard to overall performance, RAS with biochar shows promising results compared to conventional RAS, but there are variations between impact categories. The innovative technology is promising also when compared with benchmarks in the literature. The technology still needs proof of concept, both concerning the action as a filter and the behaviour as a fertiliser product, but performing an LCA at early stages provided useful insights into further development. It is clear that fish feed is underexplored in LCA contexts. Further work could also look into how the fish sludge could be valorised and what the best system integration is for the innovative technology.

减少技术圈中碳(C)、氮(N)和磷(P)损失造成的污染，并将这些流动转化为资源，是当前循环经济研究的重点。从生物质热解中生产生物炭并将其用于农业是缓解气候变化和改善土壤质量的一种有希望的方法。在本研究中，我们探讨了在循环水养殖系统（RAS）中使用生物炭进行养分回收和生产用于农业用途的营养丰富的生物炭的环境性能。通过前瞻性生命周期评估（LCA），研究了两种不同的RAS配置，一种是传统的生物过滤器，另一种是创新的生物炭过滤器。后者也使用两种不同的系统观点进行了探索：在第一种观点中，生物炭生产被认为是一种仅为养鱼目的而发生的活动，但它具有捕获和运输营养物质以及稳定碳到农业土壤的附加功能；在第二种情况下，生物炭被认为已经生产出来并用于农业，但它需要绕道去养鱼场收集一些营养物质。传统系统的主要环境热点与鱼饲料生产和电力使用有关。当生物过滤器被生物炭过滤器取代，而生物炭的主要目的是作为过滤器产生时，来自林业生物质生产和热解工厂建设的额外大影响与RAS相关。这只能被回收的热量和养分部分抵消，但就气候影响而言，与碳固存相关的收益是相当可观的。敏感性分析显示，由于NH4+吸附能力的变化，第一种RAS生物炭配置的性能存在相当大的差异。当生物炭被认为是一种“沉没成本”——一种为其他目的而产生的资源——影响的权重就回到了鱼饲料生产和生物炭容器建设上。就总体性能而言，与传统的RAS相比，生物炭的RAS显示出有希望的结果，但影响类别之间存在差异。与文献中的基准相比，创新技术也很有希望。该技术仍然需要概念验证，包括作为过滤器的作用和作为肥料的行为，但在早期阶段进行LCA为进一步发展提供了有用的见解。很明显，在LCA背景下，鱼饲料尚未得到充分的研究。进一步的工作还可以研究如何使鱼泥增值，以及创新技术的最佳系统集成是什么。

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引用次数: 0

Carbon footprint of immunocastrated male fattening pigs compared to entire males, gilts, and surgically castrated males 免疫阉割的育肥猪与全公猪、后备猪和手术阉割的公猪的碳足迹

IF 12.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-04-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100232

Julia Gickel , Christian Visscher

Efforts to minimize the environmental impact of livestock production are essential for sustainable agriculture. Immunocastration, using products like Improvac®, offers an alternative to surgical castration, enabling the physiological advantages of rearing entire male pigs while addressing issues such as boar taint and animal welfare. This review analyzes the effects of immunocastration on the performance and carbon footprint of fattening pigs compared to entire males, gilts, and surgically castrated males. Data from 39 trials reported in research articles were used to extract information on average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and mortality. The means of these parameters were used to calculate the carbon footprint. Results showed that immunocastrated males had a higher mean ADG and a lower mean FCR compared to gilts and surgically castrated males, resulting in 7.1% and 6.8% lower carbon footprints, respectively. However, entire males had a slightly lower carbon footprint than immunocastrated males due to a more favorable FCR, although differences were not statistically significant. The findings underscore the ecological advantage of immunocastration over surgical castration, driven by improved feed efficiency and growth rates. From a sustainability perspective, boar fattening offers the lowest environmental impact, but practical challenges like boar taint and behavioral issues remain. If boar fattening is not feasible, immunocastration emerges as the preferable alternative to surgical castration, aligning with ecological and animal welfare goals. This review highlights the potential of immunocastration to balance productivity and sustainability in fattening pigs while addressing consumer and regulatory concerns.

努力尽量减少畜牧生产对环境的影响对可持续农业至关重要。免疫阉割，使用像Improvac®这样的产品，提供了手术阉割的另一种选择，在解决公猪污染和动物福利等问题的同时，实现了整只雄性猪的生理优势。本文分析了免疫阉割对育肥猪生产性能和碳足迹的影响，并与全公猪、后备猪和手术阉割的公猪进行了比较。利用研究文章中报道的39项试验的数据提取平均日增重（ADG）、饲料系数（FCR）和死亡率的信息。利用这些参数的均值来计算碳足迹。结果表明，与后备母猪和手术阉割的雄性相比，免疫阉割的雄性平均平均日增重更高，平均FCR更低，碳足迹分别降低7.1%和6.8%。然而，由于更有利的FCR，整个雄性的碳足迹略低于免疫阉割的雄性，尽管差异没有统计学意义。研究结果强调了免疫去势优于手术去势的生态优势，其驱动因素是饲料效率和生长率的提高。从可持续发展的角度来看，养猪对环境的影响最小，但像猪污染和行为问题这样的实际挑战仍然存在。如果公猪育肥不可行，免疫阉割成为手术阉割的首选选择，符合生态和动物福利目标。本综述强调了免疫阉割在平衡育肥猪生产力和可持续性方面的潜力，同时解决了消费者和监管方面的问题。

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引用次数: 0

Bio-based flame retardants derived from forest industry — An approach towards circular economy 来自森林工业的生物基阻燃剂——走向循环经济的途径

IF 12.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100229

Sritama Mukherjee , Khan Mohammad Ahsan Uddin , Irina Turku , Anti Rohumaa , Juha Lipponen

Several environmental studies on conventional flame retardants (FR) have shown them as presistent chemicals that may end up being environmental and health hazards. The advancement of eco-friendly FRs is accelerating due to the needs of improved safety and environmental sustainability. Developing bio-based FR composite materials is crucial due to their regenerable resources, low toxicity, controllable biodegradability, and versatility in application. This review examines recent advancements in utilizing forest industry products, including cellulose and nanocellulose, along with byproducts like lignin and hemicellulose. It also addresses valorized organic waste streams of pulp industries, such as tannins and biopolyols, in the creation of materials that exhibit flame retardancy in polymers and textiles. The review demonstrates functionalization methodologies, qualitative and quantitative characterization carried out on their flame retardant properties following an overview of the FR mechanisms. Finally, the opportunities and challenges for the future development of bio-based FRs are briefly identified, emphasizing on the need of utilizing waste materials as chemical precursors that can alleviate prevailing ecological concerns and open a new set of possibilities in material development in a circular economy.

几项关于传统阻燃剂（FR）的环境研究表明，它们是持久性化学品，最终可能对环境和健康造成危害。由于提高安全性和环境可持续性的需要，生态友好型反应堆的发展正在加速。生物基FR复合材料具有资源可再生、毒性低、可生物降解性可控、应用广泛等特点，因此开发生物基FR复合材料至关重要。本文综述了利用森林工业产品的最新进展，包括纤维素和纳米纤维素，以及木质素和半纤维素等副产品。它还解决了纸浆工业的有机废物流，如单宁和生物多元醇，在聚合物和纺织品中表现出阻燃性的材料的创造。概述了阻燃机理后，综述了功能化方法，对阻燃性能进行了定性和定量表征。最后，简要地确定了生物基燃料燃料未来发展的机遇和挑战，强调需要利用废物作为化学前体，这可以缓解普遍的生态问题，并在循环经济中开辟材料开发的一系列新的可能性。

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引用次数: 0

Will China’s territorial spatial planning policies enhance land use sustainability? An integrated assessment under global environmental change 中国的国土空间规划政策能否提高土地利用的可持续性？全球环境变化下的综合评价

IF 12.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-04-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100228

Jinhui Xiong , Wenze Yue , Haoxuan Xia , Tianyu Wang , Yong Liu , Bryan C. Pijanowski

Land use sustainability (LUS) has exhibited profound impacts on addressing global change and achieving sustainable development. Although numerous policies have been implemented to improve LUS, their effectiveness remains unclear. This study builds an integrated assessment to model LUS dynamics in China for 2035 under nine scenarios, combining Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs), Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs), and three land use policy-oriented scenarios: Business As Usual (BAU), Biodiversity and Agricultural Adaptation (BAA), and Chinese Territorial Spatial Planning (TSP). Using the global change analysis model and future land use simulation model, we quantify changes and interactions among Ecological Sustainability (ES), Production Sustainability (PS), and Living Sustainability (LS). Under BAU, ES declines are predominant – with improvements observed in only 5 provinces under SSP126 and SSP245, and 3 provinces under SSP460 – while significant trade-offs emerge between ES-PS and PS-LS, with modest ES-LS synergy. In contrast, BAA outperforms enhancing average LUS, while TSP yields the most optimal outcomes. Specifically, under SSP126-TSP, up to 22 provinces show highest ES and LS, and PS peaks in 24 provinces. Meanwhile, Pearson correlation coefficient between ES-LS synergy reaches 0.46 under SSP126-TSP. Overall, TSP markedly reduces trade-offs and fosters synergies across all dimensions. These findings highlight TSP’s critical role in sustainable land use and provide actionable insights for policymaking to achieve sustainable development goals in China and globally.

土地利用可持续性对应对全球变化和实现可持续发展具有深远的影响。虽然已经实施了许多政策来改善LUS，但其有效性仍不清楚。本研究结合共享社会经济路径（ssp）、代表性集中化路径（rcp），以及以土地利用政策为导向的“一切照老”（BAU）、“生物多样性与农业适应”（BAA）和“中国国土空间规划”（TSP）三种情景，构建了2035年中国土地利用动态的综合评估模型。利用全球变化分析模型和未来土地利用模拟模型，量化了生态可持续性（ES）、生产可持续性（PS）和生活可持续性（LS）之间的变化及其相互作用。在BAU下，ES的下降占主导地位——在SSP126和SSP245下只有5个省有所改善，在SSP460下有3个省有所改善——而ES- ps和PS-LS之间出现了显著的权衡，ES- ls之间存在适度的协同效应。相比之下，BAA优于增强平均LUS，而TSP产生最优结果。其中，在SSP126-TSP下，ES和LS最高的省份有22个，PS最高的省份有24个。同时，在SSP126-TSP下，ES-LS协同效应的Pearson相关系数达到0.46。总体而言，TSP显著减少了权衡，促进了各方面的协同效应。这些发现突出了TSP在可持续土地利用中的关键作用，并为政策制定提供了可行的见解，以实现中国和全球的可持续发展目标。

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引用次数: 0

Soil phosphorus deficits and trade exacerbate African food shortage 土壤缺磷和贸易加剧了非洲的粮食短缺

IF 12.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-04-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100230

Zengwei Yuan , Hanwei Tian , Shujie Xu , Xin Liu , Olawale Olayide , Lianying Li , Andrey Zaytsev , Dmitry Rodionov

Phosphorus (P) is a critical nutrient for food production and population growth, particularly in regions with malnutrition such as Africa. This study estimated P flows across 53 countries in Africa from 2000 to 2020, aiming to understand the historical impacts of P on the African food system. Africa is endowed with substantial P resources, having extracted 125 Mt of P from phosphate rocks between 2000 and 2020, with Morocco accounting for 64% of this total. Despite 79 Mt of P in Africa being exported in terms of either rocks or fertilizers, only 3% of P produced within Africa was traded between African countries during this period. Additionally, 12 Mt of P were utilized for agricultural production. Intensive agricultural practices and inadequate P chemical fertilizer inputs have exacerbated soil P depletion in agricultural land in some African countries, especially Ethiopia. Nearly 20% of the food P is imported from other continents, which indicates a supply-chain P trade tendency of exporting from Africa as low-value rocks and then importing as downstream high-value food. Scenario analyses for the year 2050 suggest that while P demand can be decreased 492 kt through a combination of reducing food loss fraction and improving diet management, only increasing fertilizer P input could eliminate the African future P demand. Therefore, this study highlights the need for closer cooperation among African countries to improve local use of P resources and eliminate hunger within the continent.

磷(P)是粮食生产和人口增长的关键营养素，特别是在非洲等营养不良地区。本研究估算了2000年至2020年非洲53个国家的磷流量，旨在了解磷对非洲粮食系统的历史影响。非洲拥有丰富的磷资源，在2000年至2020年期间，从磷矿中提取了1.25亿吨磷，其中摩洛哥占64%。尽管非洲有7900万吨磷肥以岩石或化肥的形式出口，但在此期间，非洲国家之间只有3%的磷肥在非洲生产。另外，有1200万吨磷肥被用于农业生产。在一些非洲国家，特别是埃塞俄比亚，集约化农业实践和磷化肥投入不足加剧了农业用地土壤磷的耗竭。近20%的粮食P是从其他大陆进口的，这表明供应链P贸易的趋势是从非洲作为低价值岩石出口，然后作为下游高价值食品进口。2050年情景分析表明，虽然通过降低粮食损失比例和改善饮食管理相结合可以减少492kt的磷需求，但只有增加肥料磷投入才能消除非洲未来的磷需求。因此，本研究强调非洲国家之间需要更密切的合作，以改善当地对磷资源的利用，消除非洲大陆的饥饿。

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引用次数: 0

Widening inequality: Diverging trends in CO2 and air pollutant emissions across Chinese cities 日益扩大的不平等：中国城市二氧化碳和空气污染物排放的不同趋势

IF 12.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100227

Shuangzhi Li , Xiaoling Zhang , Zhongci Deng , Kang Liu , Jing Wang , Jin Fan

Chinese cities face escalating tensions between pollution mitigation and economic equity. Using an environmentally extended multi-regional input–output (EE-MRIO) model, we quantified the carbon and air pollutant footprints of 309 cities from 2012 to 2017 and applied structural decomposition analysis (SDA) to identify key emission drivers. The results indicate that inequality in air pollutant emissions, with a Gini coefficient of 0.31–0.53, is significantly higher than that of CO₂ (0.33–0.41). Developed cities generate 3.1 times more economic output per unit of CO₂ emissions than less developed cities, with the disparity widening over time. While intermediate input optimization contributed to a 1.94 Gt reduction in CO₂ emissions, its benefits were largely concentrated in developed regions and were accompanied by increased emissions of PM

_{2.5}

, BC, OC, and CO. Although reductions in emission intensity played a crucial role in mitigating pollutants, they paradoxically contributed to CO₂ growth in energy-intensive cities. Additionally, population growth and per capita final demand were the primary drivers of emission increases, and population growth had a greater impact on developed regions. These findings underscore the need for regionally differentiated policies, including carbon quota reallocation, industrial transformation in energy-dependent cities, and the promotion of green industries in less developed areas, to achieve a balance between environmental sustainability and economic development.

中国城市面临着污染缓解与经济公平之间日益紧张的局面。采用环境扩展的多区域投入产出（EE-MRIO）模型，对2012 - 2017年309个城市的碳足迹和空气污染物足迹进行量化，并应用结构分解分析（SDA）识别关键排放驱动因素。结果表明，大气污染物排放不平等的基尼系数为0.31 ~ 0.53，显著高于二氧化碳排放不平等的基尼系数（0.33 ~ 0.41）。发达城市每单位二氧化碳排放产生的经济产出是欠发达城市的3.1倍，而且差距随着时间的推移而扩大。虽然中间投入优化减少了1.94 Gt的二氧化碳排放量，但其效益主要集中在发达地区，并伴随着PM2.5、BC、OC和CO排放量的增加。尽管排放强度的降低在缓解污染物排放方面发挥了关键作用，但它们却矛盾地促进了能源密集型城市的二氧化碳排放量增长。此外，人口增长和人均最终需求是排放增加的主要驱动因素，人口增长对发达地区的影响更大。这些研究结果强调需要采取区域差别化政策，包括碳配额再分配、能源依赖型城市的产业转型和促进欠发达地区的绿色产业，以实现环境可持续性和经济发展之间的平衡。

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引用次数: 0

Characteristics and influencing factors of livestock residue nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter discharge and spatial distribution of pollution potential: Case study in the Yellow River Delta, China 畜禽粪便氮、磷、有机质排放特征、影响因素及污染潜力空间分布——以黄河三角洲地区为例

IF 12.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100225

Hong-tao Liu , Jia-yi Hou , Min Deng , Zhi-gang Sun

The Yellow River Delta, characterized by intense land-sea interactions, has a highly sensitive and fragile environment. Livestock residue, transported through runoff and infiltration, exacerbates soil and water contamination, posing a threat to offshore waters. Thus, mitigating the environmental risks associated with livestock residue in the delta is urgent. This study integrated field measurements and model analysis to provide new insights into livestock residue pollution control. It examined discharge characteristics in soil and aquatic environments and assessed the spatial distribution of pollution potential. In the Yellow River Delta, total nitrogen and total phosphorus levels in livestock residue exceeded the Ministry of Ecology and Environment’s limits by 3–6 times and 7.2 times, respectively. Large-scale breeding primarily reduced pollutant loads by increasing flushing. Shortening the distance between farms and rivers, along with adopting wet cleaning methods, mitigated nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic matter pollution risks. Compared to anaerobic digestion, aerobic composting reduced pollutant levels in manure but increased organic matter in slurry. Soil pollution was severe near farms, with total nitrogen and organic matter concentrations 2.0 and 2.1 times higher than those along the vertical transect from farms to rivers, while water pollution was relatively benign. High-risk non-point source pollution areas were concentrated in the northwest and south of the Yellow River Delta. Even low-risk waterways, such as the Yellow River and Xianxian Ditch, posed potential threats to the Bohai Sea. Optimizing breeding scale, flushing intensity, manure cleaning and treatment methods, and farm-river distances can effectively reduce pollution risks.

黄河三角洲具有海陆相互作用强烈的特点，是一个高度敏感和脆弱的环境。牲畜残留物通过径流和渗透运输，加剧了土壤和水污染，对近海水域构成威胁。因此，减轻与三角洲牲畜残留物相关的环境风险迫在眉睫。本研究将现场测量与模型分析相结合，为畜禽粪便污染控制提供新的见解。它审查了土壤和水生环境的排放特征，并评估了污染潜力的空间分布。黄河三角洲地区畜禽粪便中总氮和总磷含量分别超过生态环境部规定的3-6倍和7.2倍。大规模养殖主要通过增加冲洗来减少污染物负荷。缩短农场和河流之间的距离，以及采用湿式清洁方法，减轻了氮、磷和有机物污染的风险。与厌氧消化相比，好氧堆肥降低了粪肥中的污染物水平，但增加了泥浆中的有机物含量。农田附近土壤污染严重，总氮和有机质浓度分别是农田至河流垂直样带土壤污染的2.0和2.1倍，而水体污染相对较好。非点源污染高发区主要集中在黄河三角洲西北部和南部。即使是低风险的水道，如黄河和仙仙沟，也对渤海构成潜在威胁。优化养殖规模、冲洗强度、粪便清洗和处理方法以及农场与河流的距离可以有效降低污染风险。

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引用次数: 0

Deep dive into the global primary plastic trade over the past thirty-five years and its policy implications 深入研究过去35年的全球初级塑料贸易及其政策影响

IF 12.4 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100226

Xinlai Tan , Hongyan Zou , Zhong-Liang Wang , Jing Shui , Yidong Wang , Chang-Er Chen , Danyang Li , Dongmei Xue , Meng Hu , Zhanyun Wang

Since China’s import ban, there has been a stimulated global interest in the international trade of plastic wastes, but with a limited focus on the impact of such downstream events on the trade of primary plastics. Thus, this study focuses on analyzing the global trade of primary plastics from 1988 to 2022 to understand the effects of different events on the trade and offer policy implications. Specifically, we reconstruct relevant trade data from the UN Comtrade database using a rigorous method to handle data reporting issues in the database. The results show that the cumulative global trade of primary plastics reached 3,411 megatonnes over the past 35 years. The global trade boosted after 2017 as a result of China’s increasing import to mitigate the raw material shortages brought by its import ban of plastic wastes. A first negative growth of the global primary plastic trade in a decade showed up in 2022 due to China’s shrinking demand. This study also offers a detailed analysis about the current policy landscape, urgently calling for a well-designed policy framework aiming at sustainability throughout the entire plastic life cycle.

自中国的进口禁令以来，全球对塑料废物的国际贸易产生了兴趣，但对此类下游事件对初级塑料贸易的影响的关注有限。因此，本研究的重点是分析1988年至2022年全球初级塑料贸易，以了解不同事件对贸易的影响，并提供政策启示。具体而言，我们使用严格的方法来处理数据库中的数据报告问题，从联合国商品贸易数据库中重建相关贸易数据。结果显示，在过去的35年里，全球初级塑料的累计贸易额达到了3411亿吨。2017年之后，由于中国增加进口以缓解塑料废物进口禁令带来的原材料短缺，全球贸易得到了提振。由于中国需求萎缩，2022年全球初级塑料贸易出现了十年来的首次负增长。本研究还对当前的政策格局进行了详细的分析，迫切需要一个精心设计的政策框架，旨在实现整个塑料生命周期的可持续性。

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