Resources Environment and Sustainability最新文献_第6页

In-situ synthesizing CoONAl-C catalysts from spent LiCoO2 batteries and tobacco stems biomass: nearly 100 % peroxymonosulfate utilization 从废LiCoO2电池和烟草茎生物质中原位合成CoONAl-C催化剂：近100%过氧单硫酸盐利用率

IF 7.8 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100280

Teng Guo , Xiaoya Gao , Xingxin Yang , Jiatian Wang , Yucheng Yin , Yaoran Hu , Yue Luo , Yongming Luo

Strategic metal recovery from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is urgently required novel technologies with high efficiency, low environmental impact, and strong economic viability. This study proposes a tobacco stems biomass assisted strategy that directly converts spent LiCoO₂ into advanced functional Co-based catalyst in water treatment. Benefited from the biomass pyrolysis, Co-based catalyst was first in-situ doped with metal (Al) and non-metal (C and N) to obtain CoON_Al-C catalysts. The prepared CoON_Al-C achieved nearly 100 % peroxymonosulfate (PMS) utilization efficiency, which exhibited a persulfate per mass pollutants normalized kinetic rate constant surpassing reported water treatment systems by 2–42 times. The co-doping of metal (Al) and non-metal (C and N) not only shortened the bond length between PMS and Co-O but also upward shifted the d-band center close to Fermi-level. The alteration of Co active sites' electronic distribution via Co-N coordination, combined with loading and reduction of biomass pyrolysis, significantly promoted Co(II)/Co(III) redox cycles. This synergy boosted PMS adsorption-activation and Fenton-like catalytic activity, ultimately driving O-O bond cleavage to generate reactive oxygen species for efficient degradation of emerging contaminants. Moreover, the practical applicability of CoON_Al-C was supported by its high stability over seven cycles, minimal ion leaching, reduced toxicity of intermediates, and effective operation in real water samples. This study addressed the high PMS consumption bottleneck in water treatment, contributing to the sustainable utilization of spent LIBs and waste biomass.

从废旧锂离子电池（LIBs）中战略性回收金属，迫切需要高效、低环境影响、经济可行性强的新技术。本研究提出了一种烟草茎生物质辅助策略，直接将废LiCoO2转化为高级功能性co基催化剂用于水处理。得益于生物质热解，co基催化剂首先原位掺杂金属（Al）和非金属（C和N），得到CoONAl-C催化剂。制备的CoONAl-C对过氧单硫酸盐（PMS）的利用率接近100%，每质量污染物的过硫酸盐归一化动力学速率常数是现有水处理系统的2-42倍。金属（Al）和非金属（C和N）的共掺杂不仅缩短了PMS与Co-O之间的键长，而且使d带中心向上移动，接近费米能级。通过Co- n配位改变Co活性位点的电子分布，结合生物质热解的加载和还原，显著促进Co(II)/Co（III）氧化还原循环。这种协同作用提高了PMS吸附活化和fenton类催化活性，最终推动O-O键裂解产生活性氧，从而有效降解新出现的污染物。此外，CoONAl-C在7次循环中具有很高的稳定性，离子浸出最小，中间体毒性降低，并且在实际水样中有效运行，这支持了它的实用性。该研究解决了水处理中PMS消耗高的瓶颈，有助于废lib和废生物质的可持续利用。

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引用次数: 0

High-efficiency and green recycling of manganese, nickel, cobalt, and zinc in a hydrogen peroxide–sulfuric acid system from electrolytic manganese dioxide sulfide slag 在双氧水-硫酸体系中从电解硫化锰渣中高效、绿色回收锰、镍、钴和锌

IF 7.8 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100278

Panpan Mu (穆攀攀) , Meichen Pan (潘美晨) , Zixiu Li (李子秀) , Guosai Jiang (蒋国赛) , Zhe Tan (谭哲) , Xiaoguang Zhang (张晓光) , Gang Fang (方刚) , De'an Pan (潘德安)

Electrolytic manganese dioxide sulfidation slag (EMDSS) is a hazardous waste generated during the production of electrolytic manganese dioxide (EMD), containing strategic metal resources such as nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and manganese (Mn), with a total content exceeding 10.00 %. Currently, the recovery of strategic metals from EMDSS has received limited attention, and existing methods are inefficient, accompanied by the risk of H₂S gas generation. This study proposes a hydrogen peroxide-sulfuric acid (H₂O₂-H₂SO₄) leaching process to address these challenges and recover strategic metals such as Mn, Ni, Co, and zinc (Zn) from EMDSS. Optimal process parameters were determined through single-factor and response surface optimization experiments. Thermodynamic, kinetic, and characterization analyses were conducted to elucidate the reaction process and mechanism of H₂O₂-H₂SO₄ leaching. In an acidic environment, sulfide ion (S²⁻) and oxygen ion (O⁻) exhibit strong redox reactivity, directly converting into sulfate ion (SO₄²⁻) without generating hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) gas. The 20 × magnified experiments demonstrated that the average leaching rates of Mn, Ni, Co, and Zn exceeded 99.20 %, with deviations between the measured and predicted values within 1.00 %. The proposed new process achieves over 99.00 % recovery of strategic metals such as Ni, Co, Mn, and Zn, providing raw materials for the subsequent resource utilization of strategic metals. Moreover, stable large-scale experimental results indicate its potential for industrial-scale application, expanding the raw material sources for Ni, Co, and Mn new energy metals.

电解二氧化锰硫化渣（EMDSS）是电解二氧化锰（EMD）生产过程中产生的危险废弃物，含有镍（Ni）、钴（Co）、锰（Mn）等战略性金属资源，总含量超过10.00%。目前，从EMDSS中回收战略金属受到的关注有限，现有方法效率低下，并且存在产生H2S气体的风险。本研究提出了一种过氧化氢-硫酸（H2O2-H2SO4）浸出工艺，以解决这些挑战，并从EMDSS中回收Mn， Ni， Co和锌（Zn）等战略金属。通过单因素试验和响应面优化试验确定了最佳工艺参数。通过热力学、动力学和表征分析，阐明了H2O2-H2SO4浸出的反应过程和机理。在酸性环境中，硫离子（S2−）和氧离子（O−）表现出较强的氧化还原活性，直接转化为硫酸盐离子（SO42−），不产生硫化氢（H2S）气体。20倍放大实验表明，Mn、Ni、Co、Zn的平均浸出率均超过99.20%，实测值与预测值偏差在1.00%以内。新工艺对Ni、Co、Mn、Zn等战略金属的回收率达到99.00%以上，为后续战略金属资源化利用提供了原料。此外，稳定的大规模实验结果表明其具有工业规模应用的潜力，扩大了Ni， Co和Mn新能源金属的原料来源。

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引用次数: 0

Divert or donate? Early experiences with California’s attempt to reduce organic waste and food insecurity 转移还是捐赠？加州尝试减少有机废物和食品不安全的早期经验

IF 7.8 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100252

Yulia Lamoureaux , Charles J. Corbett , Scott Rodilitz , Edward S. Spang

Food waste poses significant environmental and societal challenges, with an estimated 30% of global food production lost or wasted along the supply chain, threatening both environmental sustainability and food security. The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goal 12.3 aims to halve global food waste by 2030, linking waste reduction to hunger alleviation. California sought to address both priorities simultaneously through Senate Bill (SB) 1383, a novel organic waste law. This article contributes to the literature on food loss and waste (FLW) mitigation by examining tensions between SB 1383’s dual goals: diverting organic waste from landfills and redistributing surplus food to communities in need. While SB 1383 is a progressive policy, its implementation has revealed conflicts between these objectives. We assess the impact of SB 1383 on stakeholder compliance with its food waste reduction and recovery requirements. Specifically, we examine the two key objectives of this regulation: (1) mitigating climate change by diverting organic waste from landfills, and (2) addressing food insecurity by redistributing recovered food to communities in need. We interviewed 37 stakeholders, including food recovery organizations, jurisdiction representatives, and edible food generators involved in implementation. Additionally, we analyzed the distribution of Local Assistance Grant funds across California counties and between the policy’s dual goals. Our findings indicate a stronger focus on waste diversion than food recovery, and an uneven distribution of funding, with rural areas facing greater challenges in adapting to SB 1383’s requirements. We conclude by highlighting tensions in FLW policy design that seeks to advance multiple, sometimes competing, goals.

食物浪费构成了重大的环境和社会挑战，据估计，全球30%的粮食产量在供应链上损失或浪费，对环境可持续性和粮食安全构成威胁。联合国可持续发展目标12.3旨在到2030年将全球食物浪费减半，将减少浪费与缓解饥饿联系起来。加州试图通过参议院1383号法案（一项新的有机废物法）同时解决这两个优先事项。本文通过研究sb1383的双重目标之间的紧张关系，为减轻粮食损失和浪费（FLW）的文献做出贡献：从垃圾填埋场转移有机废物，并将剩余粮食重新分配给有需要的社区。虽然sb1383是一项进步的政策，但它的实施暴露了这些目标之间的冲突。我们评估SB 1383对利益相关者遵守其减少食物浪费和回收要求的影响。具体来说，我们研究了该法规的两个关键目标：(1)通过从垃圾填埋场转移有机废物来缓解气候变化；(2)通过将回收的食物重新分配给有需要的社区来解决粮食不安全问题。我们采访了37个利益相关者，包括参与实施的食品回收组织、司法管辖区代表和食用食品生产商。此外，我们还分析了加州各县的地方援助补助金的分配情况，以及该政策的双重目标之间的分配情况。我们的研究结果表明，废物转移比食物回收更受重视，而且资金分配不均，农村地区在适应SB 1383的要求方面面临更大的挑战。最后，我们强调了FLW政策设计中的紧张关系，这种紧张关系寻求推进多个（有时是相互竞争的）目标。

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引用次数: 0

Implications of a consumption-based accounting of greenhouse gas emissions from global dairy cattle systems 以消费为基础的全球奶牛系统温室气体排放核算的含义

IF 7.8 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100268

D. Caro , F.M. Pulselli , F. Sporchia

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from dairy systems at the national level are typically estimated at the point of production, following guidelines for national reporting. However, exploring the emissions allocated to the point of consumption also provides key insights into reducing emissions across all stages (inputs, production, trade, and consumption). In this study, the GHG emissions associated with global dairy cattle products were estimated using a consumption-based accounting approach. The analysis was based on data from 2015, covering 254 territories and considering 21 dairy cattle commodities. Our findings reveal that international trade in dairy products is dominated by a few countries, with the top 20 net importing/exporting countries accounting for about 70% of global emissions embodied in trade. Although, at the global level, GHG emissions embodied in the international trade of dairy cattle products represented a relatively small share of the total (133 Mt CO₂ eq, 9%), they were significant at the country level, particularly for countries heavily involved in trade. In some cases, imports accounted for more than 50% of consumption-related emissions. Trade among European Union countries was relevant representing 32% of the global GHG emission linked with the international trade of dairy products. By adopting a system-wide approach, this study aims to provide novel and critical information to reduce GHG emissions from the global dairy sector, contributing to initiatives such as Pathways to Dairy Net Zero. The results are discussed in the context of the importance of dairy products for global food security. The consumption-based analysis presented represents a different and original perspective in the computation of GHG emissions at the national level for a specific and relevant food item. This approach, guiding policymakers in identifying key impact areas across all stages of the supply chain, can foster the transition to low-carbon dairy products, and support circular economy practices.

国家一级乳制品系统的温室气体（GHG）排放量通常在生产点进行估算，并遵循国家报告准则。然而，探索分配到消费点的排放也为减少所有阶段（投入、生产、贸易和消费）的排放提供了关键见解。在本研究中，使用基于消费的核算方法估算了与全球奶牛产品相关的温室气体排放。该分析基于2015年的数据，涵盖254个地区，并考虑了21种奶牛商品。我们的研究结果表明，乳制品的国际贸易由少数几个国家主导，前20个净进口国/出口国占全球贸易隐含排放量的70%左右。虽然在全球层面上，奶牛产品国际贸易中体现的温室气体排放量占总量的比例相对较小（1.33亿吨二氧化碳当量，9%），但在国家层面上，特别是对那些大量参与贸易的国家来说，它们的排放量很大。在某些情况下，进口占消费相关排放量的50%以上。欧盟国家之间的贸易是相关的，占与乳制品国际贸易相关的全球温室气体排放量的32%。通过采用全系统的方法，本研究旨在为减少全球乳制品行业的温室气体排放提供新颖而关键的信息，为“乳品零排放之路”等倡议做出贡献。研究结果在乳制品对全球粮食安全的重要性的背景下进行了讨论。所提出的以消费为基础的分析代表了在国家一级计算特定和相关食品的温室气体排放量的不同和原始的视角。这种方法可以指导政策制定者确定供应链各个阶段的关键影响领域，促进向低碳乳制品的过渡，并支持循环经济实践。

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引用次数: 0

Tracking terbium metabolism in China with implications for its dominance in global rare earth supply 追踪中国的铽代谢及其在全球稀土供应中的主导地位

IF 7.8 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100263

Wei Liu , Wuhu Guo , Jiaming Chen , Shuhui Peng , Lele Ru , Yuejin Chen , Zanxu Chen , Dan Wang , Shijie Dai , Wending Huang , Zhiwen Li , Evgeny Abakumov , Wenjuan Wang , Yanqi Liu , Xiaowen Ji , Shuoyao Lian , Huoqing Xiao , Zugen Liu , Hannan Ahmad Anjum , Xianchuan Xie

Terbium (Tb), a critical heavy rare earth element, faces intensifying supply–demand imbalances driven by its irreplaceable role in green technologies and geopolitical supply chain complexities. To explore sustainable pathways for Tb, this study establishes a spatially and temporally explicit material flow analysis framework to map Tb’s life cycle dynamics across China’s socioeconomic systems (1990–2024) and global trade networks. Results reveal that Asia and Europe as pivotal hubs, with China dominating 68.57% (1.05 × 10⁴ t) of global Tb flows, primarily channeled into phosphors (peaking at 74.5% in 2007) and permanent magnets (90% of post-2021. Historically, Tb flows have been closely tied to industrial product cycles. From 1990 to 2024, approximately 1.16 × 10⁴ t of Tb were mined and processed into various end-use products. Fluorescent lamps were historically the dominant end use; however, since 2014, permanent magnets have become precedence, accounting for 90% of the market flow in 2024, followed by new energy technologies and household appliances. Tb demand in the new energy sector is expected to exceed that of household appliances and become the main driver of consumption. Therefore, the most significant potential for Tb recovery resides in fluorescent lamps and home appliances, which account for 63% of total recovery in 2023. However, an urgent imperative exists for the proactive development of systematic recycling industries to address the imminent surge in end-of-life products such as wind turbines and new energy vehicles. To achieve global sustainability of Tb, technology-accelerated pathways urgently require diversified supply sources and innovations in industrial-scale recycling.

铽（Tb）是一种重要的重稀土元素，由于其在绿色技术中不可替代的作用和地缘政治供应链的复杂性，其供需失衡日益加剧。为了探索结核病的可持续发展途径，本研究建立了一个时空明确的物质流分析框架，以绘制结核病在中国社会经济系统（1990-2024）和全球贸易网络中的生命周期动态。结果显示，亚洲和欧洲是关键枢纽，其中中国占全球Tb流量的68.57% (1.05 × 104 t)，主要流向荧光粉（2007年达到峰值74.5%）和永磁体（2021年后占90%）。从历史上看，结核病流量与工业产品周期密切相关。从1990年到2024年，大约有1.16 × 104吨的Tb被开采并加工成各种最终用途产品。荧光灯历来是主要的最终用途；但从2014年开始，永磁体占据先机，2024年占市场流量的90%，其次是新能源技术和家用电器。新能源领域的需求预计将超过家用电器的需求，成为消费的主要推动力。因此，结核病回收潜力最大的是荧光灯和家用电器，它们将占2023年总回收的63%。然而，迫切需要积极发展系统回收产业，以应对即将到来的报废产品激增，如风力涡轮机和新能源汽车。为了实现结核病的全球可持续性，技术加速途径迫切需要多样化的供应来源和工业规模回收方面的创新。

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引用次数: 0

Long-term organic fertilization decreases soil carbon biodegradability by mediating molecular transformation of dissolved organic matter 长期施用有机肥通过调节溶解有机质的分子转化降低土壤碳的可降解性

IF 7.8 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100261

Siwei Shi , Danna Chang , Ting Liang , Songjuan Gao , Guopeng Zhou , Weidong Cao

Soil dissolved organic matter (DOM), the most biogeochemically active carbon fraction, plays a critical role in regional and global carbon cycling. However, the DOM molecular transformation pathways through which long-term organic fertilization influences soil carbon stability remain poorly understood. Here, we employed carbon quantification, multiple spectroscopic techniques, and ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry to characterize the quantity and quality of soil DOM across depths of 0–20, 20–40, 40–60, 60–80, and 80–100 cm in a 35-year field experiment with chemical fertilizer (CF), cattle manure (CM), and green manure (GM). Compared to CF, CM and GM increased DOM content by 73.0%–162.8% and 81.4%–101.7%, respectively, in the 0–40 cm layers, with CM also enhancing DOM by 24.9%–69.6% in the 40–100 cm layers. DOM in organic-fertilized soils exhibited higher molecular weights and contained 23.0%–26.2% more nitrogen-containing molecular formulas than in CF-treated soils. Organic fertilization also promoted the accumulation of humic-like fluorescence components and recalcitrant compounds such as lignin-, tannin-, and condensed aromatic-like structures. Transformation network analysis showed that organic fertilization increased total number of DOM molecular transformations by 10.4%–14.1%, with positive net transformations observed in tannin- and condensed aromatic-like compounds, suggesting their formation from lignin-like and aliphatic precursors. A 28-day laboratory incubation further suggested that soil DOM under CM or GM exhibited 10.3%–13.2% lower biodegradability than CF treatment. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that long-term organic fertilization drives DOM molecular transformations toward more chemically stable assemblages, thereby reducing its biodegradability and enhancing the potential for soil carbon sequestration.

土壤溶解有机质（DOM）是生物地球化学活性最高的碳组分，在区域和全球碳循环中起着至关重要的作用。然而，长期有机施肥影响土壤碳稳定性的DOM分子转化途径尚不清楚。本研究采用碳定量、多光谱技术和超高分辨率质谱技术，对化肥（CF）、牛粪（cm）和绿肥（GM）土壤DOM在0-20、20-40、40-60、60-80和80-100 cm深度的数量和质量进行了表征。与CF相比，CM和GM在0 ~ 40 CM层的DOM含量分别提高了73.0% ~ 162.8%和81.4% ~ 101.7%，CM在40 ~ 100 CM层的DOM含量也提高了24.9% ~ 69.6%。有机肥土壤DOM分子量较高，含氮分子式比cf处理土壤高23.0% ~ 26.2%。有机施肥也促进了腐殖质样荧光成分和顽固性化合物的积累，如木质素-、单宁-和凝聚的芳香样结构。转化网络分析表明，有机肥使DOM分子转化总数增加了10.4%-14.1%，其中单宁类和缩合类芳香化合物的净转化为正，表明它们是由木质素类和脂肪族前体形成的。28天的室内培养进一步表明，CM或GM处理下土壤DOM的生物降解性比CF处理低10.3% ~ 13.2%。综上所述，这些发现表明，长期有机施肥会促使DOM分子向更稳定的化学组合转变，从而降低其生物降解性，增强土壤固碳潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing the use of pyrolysis waste oil as a feedstock for the naphtha cracking process by hydrotreating and hydrocracking 优化利用热解废油作为石脑油加氢处理加氢裂化工艺的原料

IF 7.8 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100277

Suk Hyun Lim , Hai Hung Pham , Eun Hee Kwon , Nam Sun Nho

In this study, a process using hydroprocessing technology was investigated to utilize waste plastic pyrolysis oil (WPPO) produced from a 10-ton/day commercial rotary kiln pyrolysis reactor as feedstock for the naphtha cracking center (NCC) process. Experiments were conducted using two continuous processes with different capacities to perform hydroprocessing and hydrocracking reactions. Reactivity according to feedstock processing, reaction stages, and process configuration, as well as the effects of process operating variables, were evaluated. Hydrocracking of the hydrotreated WPPO was found to result in particularly high performance compared to the single hydrocracking reaction alone. As the reaction severity increased, the yield and impurity reduction improved, finally achieving an impurity content close to commercial naphtha and a naphtha yield of approximately 93.3 wt%. Additionally, hydrogen consumption was confirmed to be comparable to that in conventional oil refineries. This study confirmed that the operating conditions can be adjusted according to the desired yield and impurity content levels or the feed ratio to the NCC process, to select the appropriate operating conditions, and that commercial-level naphtha or naphtha suitable for the specifications of the NCC process can be produced from WPPO.

以10吨/天商业回转窑热解反应器生产的废塑料热解油（WPPO）为原料，采用加氢工艺进行了石脑油裂解中心（NCC）工艺研究。实验采用两种不同容量的连续工艺进行加氢加工和加氢裂化反应。根据原料处理、反应阶段和工艺配置以及工艺操作变量的影响，对反应性进行了评估。经加氢处理的WPPO加氢裂化反应与单独加氢裂化反应相比，具有特别高的性能。随着反应强度的增加，收率和杂质降低率提高，最终得到的杂质含量接近商品石脑油，石脑油收率约为93.3 wt%。此外，氢的消耗被证实与传统炼油厂相当。本研究证实，可根据期望的产率和杂质含量水平或NCC工艺的进料比调整操作条件，选择合适的操作条件，从WPPO中可以生产出商品级或适合NCC工艺规格的石脑油。

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引用次数: 0

Technology to utilise and suppress weeds for sustainable maize production 玉米可持续生产的杂草利用和抑制技术

IF 7.8 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100279

Kaixian Wu , Shiyong Zhou , Guang Zeng , Hongli Yang , Bozhi Wu

Throughout agricultural history, controlling weeds to prevent yield loss has been a longstanding focus. However, a practical technology that leverages weeds as a beneficial biological resource without compromising crop yields has remained elusive. Our study proposes and evaluates an innovative integrated technology to utilise and suppress weeds (ITUSW) for sustainable maize cultivation. In brief, maize was planted in ultrawide rows (100 cm apart) with two plants per hill on strip-tillage beds. Interrow weeds were allowed to grow naturally. These weeds were mowed during the seedling, tillering, and flowering stages. The mowed material, combined with the previous year's maize stover that was laid on the interrows, was then used as mulch over the maize rows and eventually returned to the soil through the practice of strip-tillage. Our five-year field study suggest that maize yields under the ITUSW treatment did not differ from those achieved by the plastic film mulching for weeding (MFW), chemical weeding (CW), chemical weeding plus straw return (CWSR), and mechanical weeding by hand hoeing (MHW)(p > 0.05) treatments, yet they significantly surpassed those of the chemical weeding combined with straw mulching (CWSM)(p < 0.05) treatment. Importantly, the above-ground intra-row weed biomass under the ITUSW was notably reduced compared to the MFW treatment, resembling the levels observed in other treatments. Conversely, the inter-row weed biomass experienced substantial increases of up to 448 g/m² through maize growth season, specifically by 9.89-, 5.14-, 4.36-, and 3.51-fold in contrast to the SWSM, CW, MHW, and MFW, treatments respectively (p < 0.05). Our series of supplementary experiments confirmed that weeds beyond a 25 cm radius do not induce yield loss (p < 0.05). Moreover, ITUSW designed with a wide row layout, strip tillage, inter-row weed mowing, and intra-row weed mulching eliminated competition from inter-row weeds and achieved the resource utilisation of inter-row weeds, such as soil improvement and biomass mulching. Besides, ITUSW is compatible with winter crops such as wheat. Consequently, ITUSW shows potential to replace chemical herbicides in maize production, and weeds are redefined from foes to allies, propelling agriculture towards enhanced sustainability.

纵观农业历史，控制杂草以防止产量损失一直是一个长期关注的焦点。然而，利用杂草作为一种有益的生物资源而不影响作物产量的实用技术仍然难以实现。我们的研究提出并评价了一种创新的综合利用和抑制杂草技术（ITUSW），用于玉米的可持续种植。简而言之，玉米以超宽行（间隔100厘米）种植，每山两株，在带状耕作床上种植。杂草被允许自然生长。这些杂草在幼苗、分蘖和开花阶段被修剪。割下的材料，加上前一年铺在玉米垄上的玉米秸秆，然后被用作玉米垄的覆盖物，最后通过条带耕作的做法返回土壤。5年田间研究表明，ITUSW处理玉米产量与地膜除草（MFW）、化学除草（CW）、化学除草加秸秆还田（CWSR）和手锄机械除草（MHW）处理差异不显著（p > 0.05），但显著优于化学除草加秸秆覆盖（CWSM）处理（p < 0.05）。重要的是，与MFW处理相比，ITUSW处理的地上行内杂草生物量显著减少，与其他处理的水平相似。相反，玉米生长季行间杂草生物量显著增加，最高达448 g/m2，分别比SWSM、CW、MHW和MFW处理增加了9.89倍、5.14倍、4.36倍和3.51倍（p < 0.05）。我们的一系列补充试验证实，半径超过25 cm的杂草不会导致产量损失（p < 0.05）。此外，ITUSW采用宽行布局、条形耕作、行间除草和行内杂草覆盖设计，消除了行间杂草的竞争，实现了行间杂草的资源利用，如土壤改良和生物质覆盖。此外，ITUSW与小麦等冬季作物兼容。因此，ITUSW显示了在玉米生产中取代化学除草剂的潜力，杂草被从敌人重新定义为盟友，推动农业向增强可持续性发展。

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引用次数: 0

Gastrointestinal modification based on probiotic feed additive enviro-alleviators to reduce enteric methane production in ruminant and non-ruminant livestock 基于益生菌饲料添加剂环境缓解剂的胃肠道改造以减少反刍和非反刍牲畜肠道甲烷的产生

IF 7.8 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100276

Benjamin Ndeshipanda Kashenye , Jiachao Zhang

Abatement of livestock enteric-produced methane (CH₄) has become an avenue of interest to improve global economical and environmental burdens. Among these approaches, probiotic feed additives (PFAs) are increasingly pointed out in literature to potentially facilitate effective gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiome manipulation. These modulations aim to improve enteric fermentation without harming livestock health or productivity, while also reducing CH₄ emissions to help ease food supply chain pressures. Agricultural by-product wastes have increased over the previous three decades, and notably, PFAs are also proposed as livestock feedstuff nutrient availability enhancers. While numerous studies have examined the effects of PFAs on fermentation parameters, direct comparative investigations into their specific impact on GIT CH₄ profiles across both ruminant and non-ruminant species remain limited in literature. Herein, we characterize and summarize the CH₄ status reported by previous studies based on dictating GIT fermentative parameters of ruminants and non-ruminants supplemented with PFAs, along with their corresponding comparable CH₄-reducing mechanism pathway. Simultaneously, we also evaluate PFA species for their potential to reduce enteric-produced CH₄ in livestock, alongside their intricate optimizing implications and delivery efficacy within farming systems. Justifiably, livestock productivity remains vital, as farming remains an essential practice for humans to derive dietary commodities. This review provides connected insights into existing gaps and prospective opportunities to better understand host-microbiome interactions in reducing agricultural CH₄ emissions, aiding farmers to better grasp the application potential of PFAs as a possible sustainable practice for future livestock-derived food security.

减少家畜肠道产生的甲烷（CH4）已成为改善全球经济和环境负担的重要途径。在这些方法中，越来越多的文献指出益生菌饲料添加剂（PFAs）可能有助于有效地控制胃肠道（GIT）微生物群。这些调节的目的是在不损害牲畜健康或生产力的情况下改善肠道发酵，同时减少甲烷排放，以帮助缓解食品供应链的压力。在过去的三十年中，农业副产品废物有所增加，值得注意的是，PFAs也被提出作为牲畜饲料的营养有效性增强剂。虽然已有大量研究考察了PFAs对发酵参数的影响，但文献中对其对反刍动物和非反刍动物GIT CH4谱的具体影响的直接比较研究仍然有限。本文在确定添加PFAs的反刍动物和非反刍动物的GIT发酵参数的基础上，对以往研究报道的CH4状态进行了表征和总结，并对其对应的CH4还原机制途径进行了比较。同时，我们还评估了PFA物种减少牲畜肠道产生CH4的潜力，以及它们在农业系统中复杂的优化意义和输送效率。有理由认为，牲畜生产力仍然至关重要，因为农业仍然是人类获取膳食商品的基本做法。这篇综述提供了对现有差距和未来机会的相关见解，以更好地了解宿主-微生物组在减少农业CH4排放中的相互作用，帮助农民更好地掌握PFAs的应用潜力，作为未来牲畜来源的粮食安全的一种可能的可持续做法。

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引用次数: 0

Integrating deep learning with patch-based multilevel cellular automata for urban growth simulation: A case study of the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration 融合深度学习与基于斑块的多层次元胞自动机的城市增长模拟——以珠三角城市群为例

IF 7.8 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Resources Environment and Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.resenv.2025.100275

Hongjiang Guo, Yanpeng Cai, Zixuan Qi, Bowen Li, Dianheng Jiang

Accurate modeling of urban spatial dynamics is crucial for regional land resource allocation and sustainable development. However, most existing studies lack spatiotemporal collaborative considerations of historical development processes when mining transition rules for cellular automata (CA)-based modeling. Traditional pixel-based spatial units also tend to produce fragmented simulation results that are inconsistent with reality. To address these gaps, this study proposed a novel spatiotemporal collaborative convolutional and patch-based multilevel CA (SC-Pb-CA) model and applied it to simulate urban growth in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) urban agglomeration. The results revealed that the SC-Pb-CA model outperformed the other traditional hybrid models in terms of simulation accuracy, with the kappa and figure of merit (FoM) indices increasing by 0.011–0.049 and 3.9 %–28 %, respectively. Multiscenario simulations indicated that the urban expansion trend in the PRD region remains significant in the future, particularly under the economic development priority (EDP) scenario, with projected increases reaching 17.86 × 10⁴ ha, 30.23 × 10⁴ ha, and 48.12 × 10⁴ ha by 2025, 2035, and 2050, respectively. The integrated economic–ecological development (IEED) scenario resulted in an urban land area of 80.34 × 10⁴ ha by 2035, which does not exceed the 1.3-fold upper limit stipulated in regional planning, making it more aligned with future sustainable development requirements. These findings emphasize the need for coordinated regional ecological and economic development. They also revealed the importance of strategies such as infilling development, cross-regional coordination, and ecological reflux for promoting sustainable urban spatial development in the PRD. This study provides new theoretical support for urban expansion simulation research and offers scientific guidance for regional urban spatial planning.

准确的城市空间动态建模对区域土地资源配置和可持续发展至关重要。然而，大多数现有研究在挖掘基于元胞自动机（CA）的建模转换规则时，缺乏对历史发展过程的时空协同考虑。传统的基于像素的空间单元也容易产生碎片化的模拟结果，与现实不一致。为了解决这些问题，本研究提出了一种基于时空协同卷积和斑块的多层CA （SC-Pb-CA）模型，并将其应用于珠江三角洲城市群的城市增长模拟。结果表明，SC-Pb-CA模型在仿真精度上优于其他传统混合模型，kappa和FoM指数分别提高0.011 ~ 0.049和3.9% ~ 28%。多情景模拟结果表明，在经济发展优先（EDP）情景下，珠三角地区未来的城市扩张趋势仍然明显，预计到2025年、2035年和2050年，珠三角地区的城市扩张将分别达到17.86 × 104 ha、30.23 × 104 ha和48.12 × 104 ha。经济生态一体化发展情景下，2035年城市用地面积为80.34 × 104 ha，不超过区域规划1.3倍的上限，更符合未来可持续发展要求。这些研究结果强调了区域生态与经济协调发展的必要性。研究还揭示了填充发展、跨区域协调和生态回流等战略对促进珠三角城市空间可持续发展的重要性。该研究为城市扩展模拟研究提供了新的理论支持，为区域城市空间规划提供了科学指导。

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引用次数: 0