Pub Date : 2023-05-17DOI: 10.31043/2410-2733-2023-1-26-31
L. Karpenko, A. Bakhta, A. Kozitcyna
Purpose: the study of biochemical and morphological indicators of the blood of dogs of small breeds with obesity depending on age, breed and weight.Materials and methods. The analysis of biochemical and morphological indicators of blood 21 dogs of small breeds in the summer-autumn period was analyzed. The age distribution was from 3 to 13 years. In the blood serum, the level of total protein, albumin, globulin, urea, creatinine, total calcium, phosphorus, the activity of aspartateataminostrostrostrase (asat), alanineine -orgrase (alat), alkaline phosphatase were determined. In stabilized blood, indicators of hematocrit, hemoglobin, the number of red blood cells, leukocytes and platelets were determined. The determination of blood indicators was carried out according to generally accepted methods.Results. Higher indicators of the activity of asat enzymes and alkaline phosphatase in the absence of a significant increase in the activity of Alat, the activity of which will increase primarily with the liver damage, were identified. When evaluating red blood indicators, the most visual change was a decrease in the level of hemoglobin and hematocrit, both with the course of age and with an increase in body weight. This may indicate inhibition of hematopoietic function in animals with increased fat mass of the body, possibly due to chronic prolonged inflammation as a result of the release of inflammatory adipokins with fat tissue. The chronic damaging effect of the presumably adipokins of adipose tissue, expressed in the non -specific increase in the activity of blood serum enzymes, anemia of chronic inflammation and moderate leukocytosis in the absence of obvious clinical signs. All of these factors have a negative impact on the work of all organs and systems, including reproductive, as well as significantly reduce the quality and life expectancy of dogs.
{"title":"Correlation analysis of blood biochemical and morphological markers in small breeds dogs with obesity","authors":"L. Karpenko, A. Bakhta, A. Kozitcyna","doi":"10.31043/2410-2733-2023-1-26-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2023-1-26-31","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: the study of biochemical and morphological indicators of the blood of dogs of small breeds with obesity depending on age, breed and weight.Materials and methods. The analysis of biochemical and morphological indicators of blood 21 dogs of small breeds in the summer-autumn period was analyzed. The age distribution was from 3 to 13 years. In the blood serum, the level of total protein, albumin, globulin, urea, creatinine, total calcium, phosphorus, the activity of aspartateataminostrostrostrase (asat), alanineine -orgrase (alat), alkaline phosphatase were determined. In stabilized blood, indicators of hematocrit, hemoglobin, the number of red blood cells, leukocytes and platelets were determined. The determination of blood indicators was carried out according to generally accepted methods.Results. Higher indicators of the activity of asat enzymes and alkaline phosphatase in the absence of a significant increase in the activity of Alat, the activity of which will increase primarily with the liver damage, were identified. When evaluating red blood indicators, the most visual change was a decrease in the level of hemoglobin and hematocrit, both with the course of age and with an increase in body weight. This may indicate inhibition of hematopoietic function in animals with increased fat mass of the body, possibly due to chronic prolonged inflammation as a result of the release of inflammatory adipokins with fat tissue. The chronic damaging effect of the presumably adipokins of adipose tissue, expressed in the non -specific increase in the activity of blood serum enzymes, anemia of chronic inflammation and moderate leukocytosis in the absence of obvious clinical signs. All of these factors have a negative impact on the work of all organs and systems, including reproductive, as well as significantly reduce the quality and life expectancy of dogs.","PeriodicalId":346303,"journal":{"name":"Genetics and breeding of animals","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132593927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-114-123
A. Gulov, Z. Sayfutdinova, A. Brandorf
Biological diversity of bee - the genetic resource in Russia, which enables maintaining homeostasis of ecosystems through pollination entomophilies plants. The biodiversity of bees in human life has ecological, social, economic and aesthetic significance. Of particular interest in the preservation of biodiversity are taxonomically isolated species and populations, not resemble others and therefore unique in their genetic constitution. These species are often endemic, that is limited to the dissemination of one area. Their extinction of will mean the loss of biodiversity. Uncontrolled introduction of bees of different species breeds and populations leads to the spread of diseases and hidden genetic defects. In the process of mass introduction of not adapted breeds of honey bees there is a loss of breed diversity of endemic populations, accompanied by a narrowing of breeding opportunities and a reduction in pollinators. Using modern methods of monitoring with the use of microsatellite analysis to improve the efficiency study of the gene pool of honeybees. Biotechnological methods of artificial insemination of Queens and cryopreservation of drone sperm in liquid nitrogen allow preserving the gene pool of endangered native breeds of honeybees. The use of these methods makes it possible to avoid polyandry and conduct controlled mating in breeding and genetic studies. Obtaining a culture of honeybee cells is promising for a more in-depth study of the interaction with intracellular infectious agents, genomic and epigenetic mechanisms of variability of this unique object.
{"title":"The honey bee Apis mellifera L. biodiversity in Russia and its preservation","authors":"A. Gulov, Z. Sayfutdinova, A. Brandorf","doi":"10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-114-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-114-123","url":null,"abstract":"Biological diversity of bee - the genetic resource in Russia, which enables maintaining homeostasis of ecosystems through pollination entomophilies plants. The biodiversity of bees in human life has ecological, social, economic and aesthetic significance. Of particular interest in the preservation of biodiversity are taxonomically isolated species and populations, not resemble others and therefore unique in their genetic constitution. These species are often endemic, that is limited to the dissemination of one area. Their extinction of will mean the loss of biodiversity. Uncontrolled introduction of bees of different species breeds and populations leads to the spread of diseases and hidden genetic defects. In the process of mass introduction of not adapted breeds of honey bees there is a loss of breed diversity of endemic populations, accompanied by a narrowing of breeding opportunities and a reduction in pollinators. Using modern methods of monitoring with the use of microsatellite analysis to improve the efficiency study of the gene pool of honeybees. Biotechnological methods of artificial insemination of Queens and cryopreservation of drone sperm in liquid nitrogen allow preserving the gene pool of endangered native breeds of honeybees. The use of these methods makes it possible to avoid polyandry and conduct controlled mating in breeding and genetic studies. Obtaining a culture of honeybee cells is promising for a more in-depth study of the interaction with intracellular infectious agents, genomic and epigenetic mechanisms of variability of this unique object.","PeriodicalId":346303,"journal":{"name":"Genetics and breeding of animals","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125159059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-124-131
K. Plemyashov, V. Avdeenko, G. Nikitin, S. Loshchinin
Purpose: to establish the reliability of diagnostic markers and determine a change in the metabolic status in Novostic sick cows with acute purulent-catarrhal inflammation of the uterus.Materials and methods. Under the supervision were 2758 lactating cows. The clinical diagnosis of purulent-cataral metritis at the first-and-and-out cows in the early postpartum period was carried out as part of the obstetric and gynecological dispensation. Samples of blood for hematological studies were selected from cows before the morning meal, when confirming the diagnosis, acute purulent-catarrhal methy (n = 15), it was possible to study the “acid-abbreal state” systems (braids) and “lipid oxidation-antioxidant protection” (gender ”(gender -Aoz). During the analysis, the voltage in the blood of oxygen, carbon dioxide, buffer of blood, primary products of lipid peroxidation - the estimate was carried out according to the concentration of cdist and recreation center, isolated double bonds and ketodene. In the diagnosis of acute purulent-catarrhal inflammation of the former engraving horn of the uterus, from the 3rd to 10th day after the hotel at the Novotniki cows, which degree of the cervix was covered and the excudate is allocated from the genitals.Results. Acute inflammation of the uterus on the 9th ... 14th day after calving on echograms has a more pronounced cavity, which is increased by 1.72 times in comparison with echograms obtained from clinically healthy animals of the same study period, and the thickness of the uterine wall is increased by 1.71 times than in healthy animals and averaged 28.2 ± 0.6 mm. On echograms of the uterus, when scanning a sick animal with acute postpartum metritis, the cavity is identified with a diameter of 67.8 ± 4.6 mm, filled with purulent-catarrhal exudate with echopositive inclusions of medium and high density. In the field of view of the microscope on histopreparations, we clearly record the peeling of the epithelium by layers. Cellular infiltration of the endometrial and myometrial lamina is expressed. There are many plasma cells among the infiltrate cells. The mesothelium is preserved. Laboratory studies of blood samples obtained from sick cows revealed a shift in the content of buffer bases to 18.41 ± 1.53 mmol /l, a decrease to 2.25 ± 0.16 mmol / l of glucose, which indicates deviations in the daily metabolism characteristic of metabolic disorders with symptoms of metritis on the 5th ... 10th day after calving. In case of cow disease with acute purulent-catarrhal inflammation of the former gravid horn of the uterus, an increase of 2.24 times in the amount of malondialdehyde, 1.75 times in the intermediate products of ketodienes, as well as conjugated trienes in the blood plasma of new-bodied animals was confirmed. At the beginning of lactation, in the first ten days of the postpartum period, there is a decrease in the level of total protein and the fraction of γ - globulins in sick animals with acute purulent-catarrha
{"title":"Clinic, morphology and echography of acute postpartum metritis in cows at a high-tech dairy enterprise","authors":"K. Plemyashov, V. Avdeenko, G. Nikitin, S. Loshchinin","doi":"10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-124-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-124-131","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to establish the reliability of diagnostic markers and determine a change in the metabolic status in Novostic sick cows with acute purulent-catarrhal inflammation of the uterus.Materials and methods. Under the supervision were 2758 lactating cows. The clinical diagnosis of purulent-cataral metritis at the first-and-and-out cows in the early postpartum period was carried out as part of the obstetric and gynecological dispensation. Samples of blood for hematological studies were selected from cows before the morning meal, when confirming the diagnosis, acute purulent-catarrhal methy (n = 15), it was possible to study the “acid-abbreal state” systems (braids) and “lipid oxidation-antioxidant protection” (gender ”(gender -Aoz). During the analysis, the voltage in the blood of oxygen, carbon dioxide, buffer of blood, primary products of lipid peroxidation - the estimate was carried out according to the concentration of cdist and recreation center, isolated double bonds and ketodene. In the diagnosis of acute purulent-catarrhal inflammation of the former engraving horn of the uterus, from the 3rd to 10th day after the hotel at the Novotniki cows, which degree of the cervix was covered and the excudate is allocated from the genitals.Results. Acute inflammation of the uterus on the 9th ... 14th day after calving on echograms has a more pronounced cavity, which is increased by 1.72 times in comparison with echograms obtained from clinically healthy animals of the same study period, and the thickness of the uterine wall is increased by 1.71 times than in healthy animals and averaged 28.2 ± 0.6 mm. On echograms of the uterus, when scanning a sick animal with acute postpartum metritis, the cavity is identified with a diameter of 67.8 ± 4.6 mm, filled with purulent-catarrhal exudate with echopositive inclusions of medium and high density. In the field of view of the microscope on histopreparations, we clearly record the peeling of the epithelium by layers. Cellular infiltration of the endometrial and myometrial lamina is expressed. There are many plasma cells among the infiltrate cells. The mesothelium is preserved. Laboratory studies of blood samples obtained from sick cows revealed a shift in the content of buffer bases to 18.41 ± 1.53 mmol /l, a decrease to 2.25 ± 0.16 mmol / l of glucose, which indicates deviations in the daily metabolism characteristic of metabolic disorders with symptoms of metritis on the 5th ... 10th day after calving. In case of cow disease with acute purulent-catarrhal inflammation of the former gravid horn of the uterus, an increase of 2.24 times in the amount of malondialdehyde, 1.75 times in the intermediate products of ketodienes, as well as conjugated trienes in the blood plasma of new-bodied animals was confirmed. At the beginning of lactation, in the first ten days of the postpartum period, there is a decrease in the level of total protein and the fraction of γ - globulins in sick animals with acute purulent-catarrha","PeriodicalId":346303,"journal":{"name":"Genetics and breeding of animals","volume":"582 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131610380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-108-113
E. Korochkina, A. Moroz
Purpose: to systematize and analyze scientific information about diluents of sperm of farm animals in the process of its cryopreservation, taking into account specific featuresAssisted reproductive technologies are extremely in demand in animal husbandry at the moment, especially with regard to artificial insemination. However, this technology is of priority importance if the sperm is stored for a long period when the sperm is cryopreserved. At the same time, numerous studies have established that the cryopreservation process causes adverse changes in germ cells, which leads to their damage or death, and partially irreversible damage to the morphological structures of cells occurs. To obtain high results from the use of frozen-thawed sperm, it is necessary to prevent damage to spermatozoa. In this regard, the use of sperm diluents is urgent. Each type of animal sperm has its own distinctive parameters volume, concentration, chemical composition, osmotic pressure, pH, etc. Therefore, it is difficult to develop a universal sperm diluent suitable for each type of animal.
{"title":"The importance of sperm diluents of different types of farm animals in the process of the cryopreservation","authors":"E. Korochkina, A. Moroz","doi":"10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-108-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-108-113","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to systematize and analyze scientific information about diluents of sperm of farm animals in the process of its cryopreservation, taking into account specific featuresAssisted reproductive technologies are extremely in demand in animal husbandry at the moment, especially with regard to artificial insemination. However, this technology is of priority importance if the sperm is stored for a long period when the sperm is cryopreserved. At the same time, numerous studies have established that the cryopreservation process causes adverse changes in germ cells, which leads to their damage or death, and partially irreversible damage to the morphological structures of cells occurs. To obtain high results from the use of frozen-thawed sperm, it is necessary to prevent damage to spermatozoa. In this regard, the use of sperm diluents is urgent. Each type of animal sperm has its own distinctive parameters volume, concentration, chemical composition, osmotic pressure, pH, etc. Therefore, it is difficult to develop a universal sperm diluent suitable for each type of animal.","PeriodicalId":346303,"journal":{"name":"Genetics and breeding of animals","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127041008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-132-138
O. Tretyakova, A. Degtyar
Purpose: assessment of the introduction of innovations in the conditions of a pig -breeding complex.A special role in increasing the profitability of agricultural production is given to the use of digital technologies. The authors organized a local network that provides the collection of information about animals throughout the entire period of their use, as a result of which the database is constantly updated with new information. The problem of the correct organization of the in-line process of reproduction of the herd and the uniform production of young animals of the desired condition was solved by scientists of the Don State Agrarian University using the system of index evaluation of young animals, which is implemented in the ACC program package. The complex of ACC programs allows you to keep records of the presence and condition of breeding and commercial pigs; compile reports on the movement of the herd for a day, month, quarter, year; promptly and comprehensively analyze the productivity of animals, timely detect and eliminate deviations in technological indicators; optimize the reproduction process to reduce the number of sow failures; timely identification of sows not coming to hunt; accounting for abortions, causes of death, production rhythm disturbances; accounting for the quantity and quality of sperm production of boars-producers. All this makes it possible to reduce unproductive technological downtime and reduce losses in the production of final products, identify the causes of rejection, conduct a reliable assessment of the quality of work of insemination technicians, animal care operators, as well as analyze veterinary measures. The use of new methods for assessing the breeding value of animals, index selection based on the use of computer technology creates ample opportunities for further improvement of breeding management systems. The positive experience of step-by–step introduction of breeding methods and comprehensive work on a closed circuit "production - science – IT solutions - production" allows you to increase not only the quantity of products, but also its quality.
{"title":"Experience in the introduction of scientific, information, technological innovations in the production process of the pig breeding complex","authors":"O. Tretyakova, A. Degtyar","doi":"10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-132-138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-132-138","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: assessment of the introduction of innovations in the conditions of a pig -breeding complex.A special role in increasing the profitability of agricultural production is given to the use of digital technologies. The authors organized a local network that provides the collection of information about animals throughout the entire period of their use, as a result of which the database is constantly updated with new information. The problem of the correct organization of the in-line process of reproduction of the herd and the uniform production of young animals of the desired condition was solved by scientists of the Don State Agrarian University using the system of index evaluation of young animals, which is implemented in the ACC program package. The complex of ACC programs allows you to keep records of the presence and condition of breeding and commercial pigs; compile reports on the movement of the herd for a day, month, quarter, year; promptly and comprehensively analyze the productivity of animals, timely detect and eliminate deviations in technological indicators; optimize the reproduction process to reduce the number of sow failures; timely identification of sows not coming to hunt; accounting for abortions, causes of death, production rhythm disturbances; accounting for the quantity and quality of sperm production of boars-producers. All this makes it possible to reduce unproductive technological downtime and reduce losses in the production of final products, identify the causes of rejection, conduct a reliable assessment of the quality of work of insemination technicians, animal care operators, as well as analyze veterinary measures. The use of new methods for assessing the breeding value of animals, index selection based on the use of computer technology creates ample opportunities for further improvement of breeding management systems. The positive experience of step-by–step introduction of breeding methods and comprehensive work on a closed circuit \"production - science – IT solutions - production\" allows you to increase not only the quantity of products, but also its quality.","PeriodicalId":346303,"journal":{"name":"Genetics and breeding of animals","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121579908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-98-107
A. Shapkin, N. Arsentseva, N. Sukhanova
Purpose: to study the age of manufacturers, the share of their participation in the rut and assess the contribution of males of wild deer to the implementation of reproductive cycles of the Taimyr population in the period 1993–2008.Materials and methods. The fees of the material were carried out in the period 1993-2008. On Western Taimyr and Putoran plateau. To identify the environmental-morphophysiological characteristics of males (a pre-productive group 1–3+, reproductive low-ranking and high-ranking males from 4 years and older) performed selective weighing of 38 males in the summer-autumn period (August-October). The body weight of the animal is an indirect reproductive sign of its strength. For low -ranking, animals were taken with a live weight of 80 to 130 kg. High -ranking bulls with body weight for 130 kg were attributed. During the period of spring migration 2001, 2004, 2006. 37 males are balanced. The reproductive success of males was evaluated from the values of the potential fertility of adult females in herds of spring migration flows 1998–2006. During scientific shootings in April -May, 218 pregnant and Yalov female wild deer deer were examined. The reproductive contribution of adult males in the seasonal reproductive cycles of this part of the Taimyr population (the number of fruits per 100 adult females) was calculated from the equality of two relations (proportions) - sexually mature females of this commercial sample (A) to pregnant females of this sample (B) and 100 sexually mature females ( c) to pregnant females (D), i.e. By the main property of the proportion. The individual age of the males was evaluated according to the layered structures of the incisors [12] of the formed layers of the cement of the cutter I1, previously decalcinated by a 5 % solution of nitric acid. Sections of males from samples 1993–2008. Received on a microtome with a freezing model X MZ-1. To count the annual rings of wild reindeer, samples were painted with hematoxylane Erlich.Results. According to selective data (n = 128), the reproductive age of males of Taimyr wild deer was investigated: bulls of 14 age groups from 3 years and older are involved in Gona. The main contribution is made by age groups from 4 to 9 years. These males make up 78.9 % of the reproductive nucleus that supports the reproduction of the population. Until the age of 7, the number of males participating in the rut is growing. From 8 years, the fraction of manufacturers is reduced. In terms of age distribution, the decline of highly productive males begins with 6 years. The largest number of potential manufacturers is provided by 5–7-lite groups (48.42 %), but the maximum number of reproductive males in age distribution is concentrated in a 5-year group, quite numerous in the population-9.4 %. The maximum reproductive age is 16 years (1 male or 0.78 % of the reproductive nucleus). The average age of reproductive males in the population of 7.14 years. The race of animals in West
{"title":"The reproductive age of males of the taimyr of wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus)","authors":"A. Shapkin, N. Arsentseva, N. Sukhanova","doi":"10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-98-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-98-107","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: to study the age of manufacturers, the share of their participation in the rut and assess the contribution of males of wild deer to the implementation of reproductive cycles of the Taimyr population in the period 1993–2008.Materials and methods. The fees of the material were carried out in the period 1993-2008. On Western Taimyr and Putoran plateau. To identify the environmental-morphophysiological characteristics of males (a pre-productive group 1–3+, reproductive low-ranking and high-ranking males from 4 years and older) performed selective weighing of 38 males in the summer-autumn period (August-October). The body weight of the animal is an indirect reproductive sign of its strength. For low -ranking, animals were taken with a live weight of 80 to 130 kg. High -ranking bulls with body weight for 130 kg were attributed. During the period of spring migration 2001, 2004, 2006. 37 males are balanced. The reproductive success of males was evaluated from the values of the potential fertility of adult females in herds of spring migration flows 1998–2006. During scientific shootings in April -May, 218 pregnant and Yalov female wild deer deer were examined. The reproductive contribution of adult males in the seasonal reproductive cycles of this part of the Taimyr population (the number of fruits per 100 adult females) was calculated from the equality of two relations (proportions) - sexually mature females of this commercial sample (A) to pregnant females of this sample (B) and 100 sexually mature females ( c) to pregnant females (D), i.e. By the main property of the proportion. The individual age of the males was evaluated according to the layered structures of the incisors [12] of the formed layers of the cement of the cutter I1, previously decalcinated by a 5 % solution of nitric acid. Sections of males from samples 1993–2008. Received on a microtome with a freezing model X MZ-1. To count the annual rings of wild reindeer, samples were painted with hematoxylane Erlich.Results. According to selective data (n = 128), the reproductive age of males of Taimyr wild deer was investigated: bulls of 14 age groups from 3 years and older are involved in Gona. The main contribution is made by age groups from 4 to 9 years. These males make up 78.9 % of the reproductive nucleus that supports the reproduction of the population. Until the age of 7, the number of males participating in the rut is growing. From 8 years, the fraction of manufacturers is reduced. In terms of age distribution, the decline of highly productive males begins with 6 years. The largest number of potential manufacturers is provided by 5–7-lite groups (48.42 %), but the maximum number of reproductive males in age distribution is concentrated in a 5-year group, quite numerous in the population-9.4 %. The maximum reproductive age is 16 years (1 male or 0.78 % of the reproductive nucleus). The average age of reproductive males in the population of 7.14 years. The race of animals in West ","PeriodicalId":346303,"journal":{"name":"Genetics and breeding of animals","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134321249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-143-147
M. Naumov, E. Stepura, N. Naumov, A. Burzhinskiy
Studies of the electrophysiological indicators of the VCR in the Cows of the Jersey breed with different levels of autonomic regulation were not previously carried out, and their normal values in the accessible literature are not described. Given the subtlety of the mechanisms of autonomic heart regulation, there is a need to expand the diagnosis of very common heart disease in animals. The purpose of research is to study the electrophysiological parameters of the variability of the heart rhythm in cattle to assess the possibility of including them in an integrated approach to the analysis of the functioning of the heart in animals. The 103 healthy cows of the Jersey breed studied. The dependence of the change in electrophysiological indicators of the variability of the heart rhythm on the vegetative status of the animal has been studied. To register cardio intervalograms, a computer complex electrophysiological laboratory “Conan - 4.5” was used. The recording was carried out in cattle in a calm state in a standing position. The electrophysiological indicators of the VCR were studied. In this regard, it is advisable to include the assessment of these parameters to include in the basic set of a complex of diagnostics of heart disease in cattle.
{"title":"Electrophysiological parameters of the HRV of animals with different vegetative status","authors":"M. Naumov, E. Stepura, N. Naumov, A. Burzhinskiy","doi":"10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-143-147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-143-147","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of the electrophysiological indicators of the VCR in the Cows of the Jersey breed with different levels of autonomic regulation were not previously carried out, and their normal values in the accessible literature are not described. Given the subtlety of the mechanisms of autonomic heart regulation, there is a need to expand the diagnosis of very common heart disease in animals. The purpose of research is to study the electrophysiological parameters of the variability of the heart rhythm in cattle to assess the possibility of including them in an integrated approach to the analysis of the functioning of the heart in animals. The 103 healthy cows of the Jersey breed studied. The dependence of the change in electrophysiological indicators of the variability of the heart rhythm on the vegetative status of the animal has been studied. To register cardio intervalograms, a computer complex electrophysiological laboratory “Conan - 4.5” was used. The recording was carried out in cattle in a calm state in a standing position. The electrophysiological indicators of the VCR were studied. In this regard, it is advisable to include the assessment of these parameters to include in the basic set of a complex of diagnostics of heart disease in cattle.","PeriodicalId":346303,"journal":{"name":"Genetics and breeding of animals","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115057487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-139-142
T. Ippolitova, A. Lukashin, A. Veberg
Purpose: Creation of a device and a new methodology for registering an electrocardiogram that does not require fixation of dogs and impose electrodes.Materials and methods. Two groups have formed that included clinically healthy 12 dogs of small breeds with a weight category of 10 kg, age restrictions were from 3 to 5 years. Electrocardiograms were recorded as a standard veterinary electrocardiogram, so on the CONAN hardware and software, using standard I, II, III ECG of lead. Electrodes "Crocodile" were fixed on the skin of the pelvic folds, the skin near the elbow joint. The second stage of the study was based on the creation of a contact platform capable of registering a nervous impulse. The proposed methodology for registering electrophysiological activity of the heart is based on the creation of mycal electrodes that can perceive indications in the position of the studied animal standing, excluding a stressful effect, lowering the degree of excitation. The third stage of the study was to register an electrocardiogram through a contact site, followed by assessment and comparison with classical methods.Results. In the testimony of atrial and ventricular complexes, when using both methods, there were no differences. The amplitude is preserved, the distance between the intervals did not change. During the observation, the lack of pronounced excitement in dogs was revealed when using the simulated site, which, in turn, facilitates the interpretation procedure. The observation revealed a reduction in the time spent on research when using an experimental methodology.
{"title":"Alternative approaches to clinical electrophysiology","authors":"T. Ippolitova, A. Lukashin, A. Veberg","doi":"10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-139-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-139-142","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Creation of a device and a new methodology for registering an electrocardiogram that does not require fixation of dogs and impose electrodes.Materials and methods. Two groups have formed that included clinically healthy 12 dogs of small breeds with a weight category of 10 kg, age restrictions were from 3 to 5 years. Electrocardiograms were recorded as a standard veterinary electrocardiogram, so on the CONAN hardware and software, using standard I, II, III ECG of lead. Electrodes \"Crocodile\" were fixed on the skin of the pelvic folds, the skin near the elbow joint. The second stage of the study was based on the creation of a contact platform capable of registering a nervous impulse. The proposed methodology for registering electrophysiological activity of the heart is based on the creation of mycal electrodes that can perceive indications in the position of the studied animal standing, excluding a stressful effect, lowering the degree of excitation. The third stage of the study was to register an electrocardiogram through a contact site, followed by assessment and comparison with classical methods.Results. In the testimony of atrial and ventricular complexes, when using both methods, there were no differences. The amplitude is preserved, the distance between the intervals did not change. During the observation, the lack of pronounced excitement in dogs was revealed when using the simulated site, which, in turn, facilitates the interpretation procedure. The observation revealed a reduction in the time spent on research when using an experimental methodology.","PeriodicalId":346303,"journal":{"name":"Genetics and breeding of animals","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117066587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-05DOI: 10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-5-13
O. Mityashova, O. Kostyunina, O. Aleinikova, N. Bardukov, I. Lebedeva
Thyroid hormones can affect the reproductive function of cows through the regulation of various metabolic pathways. The activity of the thyroid system is under the control of three types of deiodinases (DIO). In cattle, there are several genetic variants for the DIO1 and DIO3 genes, but there is no information on the polymorphism of the DIO2 gene.Purpose: to conduct a search for genetic variants for SNPs in the DIO2 gene and in nearby regions and investigate their association with prepartum and postpartum thyroid profiles and reproductive performance in dairy cows.Materials and methods. Black-and-white cows of calving 2-4 were used in the experiments. Before calving and after calving, blood was taken from the animals to determine the concentration of hormones by ELISA. The assessment of the luteal activity of the ovaries was performed on the basis of an ultrasound study and the content of progesterone in the blood. Genotyping was performed on 48 samples of cow DNA using a Bovine GGP 150K biochip.Results. No SNPs present on the Bovine GGP 150K chip were found within the target gene. The SNP Bovine- HD1000026761, localized upstream of the DIO2 gene, was selected for research, with a frequency of genotypes being 45.83% (AA), 47.92% (AG), and 6.25% (GG). In cows with the AA and AG genotypes, a decrease of 1.4 times (p<0.01) in the blood concentration of total thyroxine (T4) 2 weeks before calving, compared with that for 4 weeks, and its further decrease by 1.5 -1.9 times (p<0.001-p<0.05) by the 1st week of lactation were found. From the 6th to the 2nd week before parturition, this indicator was 1.5–1.6 times higher (p<0.001–p<0.05) in individuals with the AG genotype than in ones with the AA genotype. In animals with the AG genotype, a decrease in the blood concentration of reverse T3 (1.4 times, p<0.05) between the 4th week before calving and the 1st week of lactation was revealed. At the same time, this concentration was relatively constant in the animals of the other two groups. Furthermore, in animals with the AG genotype, the content of rT3 in the blood was 1.3 times lower than in animals with the AA genotype from the 3rd to the 7th week of lactation. In cows with a heterozygous genotype, the T4/T3 ratio increased 2.1 times (p<0.001) between the 2nd week before calving and the 1st week after calving, and then decreased 2.2 times (p<0.001) to the 3rd week. After 1 week of lactation, this ratio was 1.9 times higher (p<0.001) than in animals with the AA genotype. Meanwhile, the frequency of occurrence of individuals with the shortest period of recovery of the ovarian function and open days period was the lowest in the group with the AA genotype.Conclusions. The data obtained indicate that the SNP BovineHD1000026761, located upstream of the DIO2 gene, is associated with long-term changes in thyroid hormone levels in the prepartum and postpartum periods.
{"title":"Association of SNP localized near DIO2 gene with hormonal profiles of the thyroid axis and fertility indicators in black-and-white cows","authors":"O. Mityashova, O. Kostyunina, O. Aleinikova, N. Bardukov, I. Lebedeva","doi":"10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-5-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-5-13","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroid hormones can affect the reproductive function of cows through the regulation of various metabolic pathways. The activity of the thyroid system is under the control of three types of deiodinases (DIO). In cattle, there are several genetic variants for the DIO1 and DIO3 genes, but there is no information on the polymorphism of the DIO2 gene.Purpose: to conduct a search for genetic variants for SNPs in the DIO2 gene and in nearby regions and investigate their association with prepartum and postpartum thyroid profiles and reproductive performance in dairy cows.Materials and methods. Black-and-white cows of calving 2-4 were used in the experiments. Before calving and after calving, blood was taken from the animals to determine the concentration of hormones by ELISA. The assessment of the luteal activity of the ovaries was performed on the basis of an ultrasound study and the content of progesterone in the blood. Genotyping was performed on 48 samples of cow DNA using a Bovine GGP 150K biochip.Results. No SNPs present on the Bovine GGP 150K chip were found within the target gene. The SNP Bovine- HD1000026761, localized upstream of the DIO2 gene, was selected for research, with a frequency of genotypes being 45.83% (AA), 47.92% (AG), and 6.25% (GG). In cows with the AA and AG genotypes, a decrease of 1.4 times (p<0.01) in the blood concentration of total thyroxine (T4) 2 weeks before calving, compared with that for 4 weeks, and its further decrease by 1.5 -1.9 times (p<0.001-p<0.05) by the 1st week of lactation were found. From the 6th to the 2nd week before parturition, this indicator was 1.5–1.6 times higher (p<0.001–p<0.05) in individuals with the AG genotype than in ones with the AA genotype. In animals with the AG genotype, a decrease in the blood concentration of reverse T3 (1.4 times, p<0.05) between the 4th week before calving and the 1st week of lactation was revealed. At the same time, this concentration was relatively constant in the animals of the other two groups. Furthermore, in animals with the AG genotype, the content of rT3 in the blood was 1.3 times lower than in animals with the AA genotype from the 3rd to the 7th week of lactation. In cows with a heterozygous genotype, the T4/T3 ratio increased 2.1 times (p<0.001) between the 2nd week before calving and the 1st week after calving, and then decreased 2.2 times (p<0.001) to the 3rd week. After 1 week of lactation, this ratio was 1.9 times higher (p<0.001) than in animals with the AA genotype. Meanwhile, the frequency of occurrence of individuals with the shortest period of recovery of the ovarian function and open days period was the lowest in the group with the AA genotype.Conclusions. The data obtained indicate that the SNP BovineHD1000026761, located upstream of the DIO2 gene, is associated with long-term changes in thyroid hormone levels in the prepartum and postpartum periods.","PeriodicalId":346303,"journal":{"name":"Genetics and breeding of animals","volume":"24 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117249339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-05DOI: 10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-36-41
V. Eremenko, E. Rotmistrovskaya
Purpose: The study of the dynamics of insulin in the blood of growing heifers of different breeds.Materials and methods. The object of the study were heifers of the Calledinized Black-Black-Avoid, Simumal, Aberdeine-Anga and brown heifers obtained as a result of the intersection of Simmental х Aberdine –angus rocks in each group. The study of animals was grown in the same conditions. Blood for the study of insulin was taken from the tail vein until morning feeding at birth, aged 3, 6, 12 and 15 months. Weighing experimental animals was also carried out at the indicated time.Results. At birth, the golpinized black festival, simulars and place-codes in live weight significantly exceeded the peers of Aberdin-Angus. The differences in relation to Aberdin-Anguss were statistically reliable (p_ 0.05). At the age of 15, due to the black and qualified breed, statistically reliable differences at this age were noted in Aberdin Anges and Montflowers (P<0.05). Statistically reliable differences (P<0.05) were also noted between the five property and Simmental. The average daily growth of blacks and pollen from birth to 15 months was 875.7 g, in the Simmental 902.1 g, in Aberdina-Angus 911.7 g, for estates of 947.5 g. The level of bloodshed at birth was almost the same in all in all animal breeds. Thus, in black heels it was 7.4 ± 0.5, in Simmental-7.2 ± 4.4, in Aberdine-Angas-7.0 ± 4.8, in estates-7.2 ± 3.4 MKM/ml. By 3 months, the level of insulin increased in all experimental groups of heifers. In the future, with an increase in the age of the animals, the concentration of this hormone in the blood has not changed. At the age of the 3rd and 6-month age between the heifers of the simultaneous, Aberdin-Angus, animals, as well as breeds with black sand, a statistically reliable difference is established (P<0.05). In the future, under the age of 15 months, the concentration of insulin in the blood changes illegally, but it should be noted that a relatively low concentration during all growth periods was noted in the heifers of the black and qualifying department of the breed.
{"title":"Dynamics of live weight and insulin concentration in the blood of growing heifers of different breeds","authors":"V. Eremenko, E. Rotmistrovskaya","doi":"10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-36-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2022-4-36-41","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study of the dynamics of insulin in the blood of growing heifers of different breeds.Materials and methods. The object of the study were heifers of the Calledinized Black-Black-Avoid, Simumal, Aberdeine-Anga and brown heifers obtained as a result of the intersection of Simmental х Aberdine –angus rocks in each group. The study of animals was grown in the same conditions. Blood for the study of insulin was taken from the tail vein until morning feeding at birth, aged 3, 6, 12 and 15 months. Weighing experimental animals was also carried out at the indicated time.Results. At birth, the golpinized black festival, simulars and place-codes in live weight significantly exceeded the peers of Aberdin-Angus. The differences in relation to Aberdin-Anguss were statistically reliable (p_ 0.05). At the age of 15, due to the black and qualified breed, statistically reliable differences at this age were noted in Aberdin Anges and Montflowers (P<0.05). Statistically reliable differences (P<0.05) were also noted between the five property and Simmental. The average daily growth of blacks and pollen from birth to 15 months was 875.7 g, in the Simmental 902.1 g, in Aberdina-Angus 911.7 g, for estates of 947.5 g. The level of bloodshed at birth was almost the same in all in all animal breeds. Thus, in black heels it was 7.4 ± 0.5, in Simmental-7.2 ± 4.4, in Aberdine-Angas-7.0 ± 4.8, in estates-7.2 ± 3.4 MKM/ml. By 3 months, the level of insulin increased in all experimental groups of heifers. In the future, with an increase in the age of the animals, the concentration of this hormone in the blood has not changed. At the age of the 3rd and 6-month age between the heifers of the simultaneous, Aberdin-Angus, animals, as well as breeds with black sand, a statistically reliable difference is established (P<0.05). In the future, under the age of 15 months, the concentration of insulin in the blood changes illegally, but it should be noted that a relatively low concentration during all growth periods was noted in the heifers of the black and qualifying department of the breed.","PeriodicalId":346303,"journal":{"name":"Genetics and breeding of animals","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115797775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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