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Negative Politeness Strategies in ”The Menu” Movie 电影《菜单》中的消极礼貌策略
Pub Date : 2023-07-27 DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v11i1.3825
Laila Marfirah, Afriana Afriana
The aim of study discovers the different types of negative politeness methods is classified as descriptive qualitative research. The study's findings were derived from words recognized the character "The Menu” as negative politeness techniques and analyzed using theory presented by Brown and Levinson (1987). The observation and non-participatory methods were used to collect data. In addition, the pragmatic identity method was employed to analyze the data. The findings of this study are as follows: 2 Be conveniently indirect, 4 Question and Hedge, 1 Be pessimistic, 1 Minimize the Imposition, 1 Give Deference,2 Apologize, 1 Impersonalize interlocutors, 1 State the FTA as general Rule, 1 Nominalize , 1 Go on record as incurring a debt , or as not indebting H. We have 15 negative politeness strategies overall. In The Menu Movie, the main character's refusal to connect with the other character became the most common technique. We have 15 negative politeness strategies overall. In The Menu Movie, the main character's refusal to connect with the other character became the most common technique.
研究的目的是发现不同类型的消极礼貌方法被归类为描述性质的研究。该研究的发现来源于将“菜单”视为消极礼貌技巧的单词,并使用Brown和Levinson(1987)提出的理论进行分析。采用观察法和非参与式方法收集数据。此外,采用语用同一性方法对数据进行分析。本研究的结果如下:2方便间接,4问题和回避,1悲观,1尽量减少强加,1给予尊重,2道歉,1使对话者非个人化,1将自由贸易协定作为一般规则,1名词化,1记录为负债或不负债h。我们总共有15种消极礼貌策略。在《菜单电影》中,主角拒绝与其他角色联系成为最常见的技巧。我们总共有15种消极礼貌策略。在《菜单电影》中,主角拒绝与其他角色联系成为最常见的技巧。
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引用次数: 0
Increasing the students’ speaking ability in giving suggestions and advice by the using of "whip around" strategy 运用“忽冷忽热”的策略,提高学生提出建议和建议的口语能力
Pub Date : 2023-07-02 DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v11i1.3804
Atalisi Zalukhu, Mitra Gusmeni Hia
Speaking is the ability to convey information or expressing to convey everything in their mind orally. Therefore, it is important for students to master speaking in their daily life because through speaking students can express their ideas, feelings, opinions, and knowledge. There were some problems faced by the students in speaking in Second grade of SMP ADHYAKSA namely: the students lacked vocabularies, and the students are not able to deliver their suggestion and advice. Therefore, to overcome the problems, the researcher conducted this research by using “Whip Around” Strategy in second grade of SMP ADHYAKSA. The purpose of the research is to increase the students’ ability in speaking by using whip around Strategy at the second grade of SMP adhyaksa. To achieve the purpose, the researcher conducted CAR Method. The result of the data in Cycle I showed the average of students’ value was 60, the maximum score was 78 and the minimum score was 41. While in Cycle II 20 students (100%), the student got the maximum score was 83 and the minimum score was 75. From the result o the research, it can be concluded that “Whip Around” Strategy increases the students’ speaking ability in second grade of SMP adhyaksa. Finally, the researcher suggested all English teacher to use this strategy in teaching speaking skill because “Whip Around” Strategy is effective to increase the students’ ability in speaking. “Whip Around” Strategy encourages the students’ to express their suggestion and advice orally and engaged the student high motivation during the teaching and learning process.
说话是传达信息或表达的能力,口头传达他们心中的一切。因此,学生在日常生活中掌握口语是很重要的,因为通过口语,学生可以表达自己的想法、感受、观点和知识。SMP ADHYAKSA二年级学生在口语中面临的问题是:词汇量不足,学生不能表达自己的意见和建议。因此,为了克服这些问题,研究者在SMP ADHYAKSA二年级中使用了“鞭子绕”策略进行了本研究。本研究的目的是为了提高小学二年级学生的口语能力。为了达到这个目的,研究者进行了CAR法。Cycle I的数据结果显示,学生的平均分为60分,最高分为78分,最低分为41分。而在第二期20人(100%)中,该生的最高成绩为83分,最低成绩为75分。从研究结果来看,“鞭策”策略提高了中学二年级学生的口语能力。最后,研究者建议所有的英语教师在口语教学中使用这种策略,因为“鞭子”策略对提高学生的口语能力是有效的。“鞭策”策略鼓励学生口头表达自己的意见和建议,在教学和学习过程中调动学生的积极性。
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引用次数: 0
The Presence of Diglossia in American-Based Talk Shows 论八卦在美国脱口秀节目中的存在
Pub Date : 2023-07-02 DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v11i1.3749
Muhammad Ahsan Tampubolon, Nurmawati Nurmawati, Sukma Septian Nasution
This study aims to find the types of diglossia and the factors of the use of language variations in the videos of “Steve Tv show, Netflix is a Joke, ABC, The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon” on the YouTube channel. Diglossia is defined as a situation where two language variations occur at the same time. This is a content analysis and the data were taken from conversations in the video analyzed using Trudgill's theory. Further, factors of the occurrence of diglossia in the use of language variations are based on Yule's theory of diglossia. Using observation as main instrument of collecting data, all diglossia occurring in the selected videos are classified into high, medium, and low classes to be tallied to come to the final findings. The findings highlight that diglossia is found in six of the eight videos. The writers identified standard English as dominant on the Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon's YouTube channel. While the use of non-standard English is more dominant in videos on the Steve Tv Show, Netflix is a Joke and ABC channel. The factor that causes a lot of language variation is the ethnic background where this factor is found on 3 YouTube channels, the age factor on 2 YouTube channels, the speech community factor on 2 YouTube channels, and the gender factor on 1 YouTube channel. From the two types of language variation and four of the five factors of diglossia found in the videos, high language variation and ethnic background factors are language variations and dominating factors
本研究旨在找出YouTube频道上的“Steve Tv show”、“Netflix is a Joke”、“ABC”、“the Tonight show Starring Jimmy Fallon”等视频中diglossia的类型及其语言变异使用的因素。Diglossia被定义为两种语言同时发生变化的情况。这是一个内容分析,数据来自视频中的对话,使用特鲁吉尔的理论进行分析。此外,根据Yule的双说理论,分析了语言变体使用中双说发生的因素。采用观察法作为收集数据的主要手段,将所选视频中出现的所有对话分为高、中、低三个等级进行统计,得出最终结果。研究结果强调,在这8个视频中,有6个发现了解密。编剧们认为标准英语在《吉米·法伦今夜秀》的YouTube频道中占据主导地位。虽然非标准英语的使用在史蒂夫电视节目的视频中占主导地位,但Netflix是一个笑话和ABC频道。导致大量语言差异的因素是种族背景,在3个YouTube频道中发现了这个因素,在2个YouTube频道中发现了年龄因素,在2个YouTube频道中发现了语言社区因素,在1个YouTube频道中发现了性别因素。从视频中发现的两种语言变异和五种diglosia因素中的四种来看,高度语言变异和种族背景因素是语言变异和主导因素
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引用次数: 0
Improving the Students’ Motivation in Learning Vocabulary Using Song Lyrics 利用歌词提高学生学习词汇的积极性
Pub Date : 2023-07-02 DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v11i1.3588
Setiana Sri Wahyuni Sitepu, Eka Safitri, Nur Najibah Sukmawati, Sukma Septian Nasution, Laksmy Ady Kusumoriny
This study aims to increase the students' motivation in learning vocabulary using song lyrics in the seventh grade of SMP Citra Bangsa. This classroom action research uses tests, observations, questionnaires, and documentation to determine the improvement that occurs in each cycle. Tests given to Pre-Test, Post-Test cycle 1, and Post-Test cycle 2 showed that the average score of each vocabulary test in the class increased significantly. In the Pre-Test, the mean score was 41.25. Then in the Post-Test cycle 1 the average score raised to 56. In the Post-Test cycle 2, the average score reached 63.5. The improvements proved that song lyrics is worth implementing in teaching vocabulary. It is supported by the results of observations which showed an increase in terms of students' motivation in learning vocabulary. The results of the questionnaire also showed an increase in the number of positive questions. While the number of negative questions decreased. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a significant increase in motivation and vocabulary achievement of seventh grade students of SMP Citra Bangsa after they are taught to use song lyrics.
本研究旨在提高小学七年级学生使用歌词学习词汇的动机。这种课堂行动研究使用测试、观察、问卷调查和文档来确定每个周期中发生的改进。通过前测、后测和后测三个周期的测试,发现班级词汇测试的平均分都有明显的提高。前测平均得分为41.25分。然后在测试后周期1中,平均分数上升到56分。在后测周期2中,平均分达到63.5分。这些改进证明了歌词在词汇教学中是值得实施的。观察结果表明,学生学习词汇的动机有所增加,这也支持了这一观点。调查问卷的结果也显示,积极问题的数量有所增加。而否定问题的数量则有所减少。因此,我们可以得出结论,SMP Citra Bangsa的七年级学生在学习歌词后,他们的动机和词汇成绩都有显著的提高。
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引用次数: 0
Politeness Strategies in Classroom Interaction between Teacher and Students and among Students at Senior High School 高中师生和学生课堂互动中的礼貌策略
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v11i1.3799
Kristiani Lisma Vera Br Ginting, Arsen Nahum Pasaribu
In classroom, politeness is needed to be applied to build a good relationship, good social interaction, and comfortable communication between teacher and students and avoid conflict which possibly happens. The purpose of this research is to know the types of politeness strategies used by students and teachers in classroom interaction and to describe the politeness strategies are realized in the teacher – student’s classroom interaction. This research are expected to be valuable for the teacher as the model in English teaching, the teacher can teach moral education in the teaching and learning process. Students will aware of the importance of politeness in English teaching and learning. The people who use polite language will be more honored and accepted in community. Polite in communication make conversation get closer between sepaker and hearer. There are four types of polieness strategies, there are Blad On Record, Positive Politeness Strategies, Negative Politeness Strategies and Off Recordthe researcher found the dominant strategy in teacher-students communication was Bald On Record Strategy which has 13 frequency (44,82%), and followed by Positive which has 10 fruquency (34,48%)In communication among students, the researcher found the most dominant politeness strategy used among students is positive politeness which has 21 frequency (46,66%) and followed by bald on record 17 frequency (37,77%).
在课堂上,需要运用礼貌,在师生之间建立良好的关系,良好的社会互动,舒适的沟通,避免可能发生的冲突。本研究的目的是了解师生在课堂互动中使用的礼貌策略类型,并描述师生在课堂互动中所实现的礼貌策略。期望本研究能对教师在英语教学中起到示范作用,使教师能在教与学的过程中进行德育教学。学生将意识到礼貌在英语教学中的重要性。使用礼貌语言的人在社区中会更受尊敬和接受。礼貌的交流使说话者和听话者之间的对话更加紧密。礼貌策略有四种类型,分别是主动礼貌策略、积极礼貌策略、消极礼貌策略和非正式礼貌策略。研究者发现师生交流中的优势策略是主动礼貌策略,频率为13次(44.82%),其次是积极礼貌策略,频率为10次(34.48%)。研究人员发现,学生使用最多的礼貌策略是积极礼貌,频率为21次(46.66%),其次是秃顶礼貌,频率为17次(37.77%)。
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引用次数: 0
The Implementation of Cooperative Script Technique to Improve the Students’ Speaking Skill 运用合作剧本技巧提高学生的口语能力
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v11i1.3921
Musfirah Musfirah, Ahmad Munawir, Fajriani Fajriani, Ridwan Ridwan
The objective of this study was to find out whether the implementation of the Cooperative Script technique could improve students’ speaking skills at SMA Negeri 3 Majene of second grade students. The method used in this study was quantitative research through a quasi-experimental design. The population was the social second grade students of SMA Negeri 3 Majene. There was XI IPS 1 as the experimental class and XI IPS 2 as the control class. The sample used for the research consisted of saturated sampling, consisting of two classes: XI IPS 1 and XI IPS 2. The result of this research shows that the Cooperative Script technique has a positive result in improving students’ speaking skills. It can be proven by the students’ average scores from pre-test and post-test. It means that the Cooperative Script technique has a significant effect on students’ speaking skills. It proved by the result of the testing Independent Sample T-test with the value of Sig. (2-tailed) was 000,0 < 0,05. It can be concluded that Ha means Cooperative Script technique has significance effect to improve students’ speaking skill was accepted and H0 means Cooperative Script technique has no significance to improves students’ speaking skill was rejected. Then, the results of the questionnaire analysis regarding students’ perception of the Cooperative Script technique, it showed that most students agreed that Cooperative Script technique makes them more active and easier to express opinions during the learning process, in this case helps students in speaking English.
本研究的目的是为了了解在SMA Negeri 3 Majene小学二年级学生中,合作文字技巧的实施是否能提高学生的口语能力。本研究采用准实验设计的定量研究方法。人群为SMA Negeri 3 Majene的社会二年级学生。本研究结果表明,合作脚本技术对提高学生的口语能力有积极的效果。这可以从学生的前测和后测平均分中得到证明。这意味着合作脚本技术对学生的口语技能有显著的影响。独立样本t检验的值Sig(双尾)为000,0 <0 05。可以得出,Ha表示协作脚本技术对提高学生口语能力有显著作用被接受,H0表示协作脚本技术对提高学生口语能力没有显著作用被拒绝。然后,对学生对合作剧本技巧的看法进行问卷分析,结果表明,大多数学生认为合作剧本技巧使他们在学习过程中更加主动,更容易表达意见,在这种情况下有助于学生的英语口语。
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引用次数: 0
The Efficacy of Using Guided Questions in Teaching Writing Descriptive Text to Indonesian English as Foreign Language (EFL) Students 引导性问题在印尼英语学生写作描述文本教学中的效果
Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v11i1.3989
Soleman Dapa Taka
This research aims at finding out the efficacy of using Guided Questions in teaching writing especially descriptive text to Indonesian English as Foreign Language (EFL) students. The main question of this research: Is the use of Guided Questions effective in teaching writing to Indonesian EFL students? The research can be an addition to the persisting teaching writing in English particularly the descriptive text through the use of guided questions. This research was conducted at the tenth-grade students at SMA Kristen Mercusuar Kupang, an Indonesian High School. The total number of samples was 25 students. The research used a pre-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test design. The pre-test was given to find out the basic ability of the students in mastering writing descriptive text and the post-test given to find out the students’ improvement in mastering writing descriptive text after giving the treatment by using guided questions. The findings show that using guided questions is effective in teaching writing descriptive text to Indonesian EFL students. It is supported by the result of the significance test through SPSS 20 program that the P was 0.00. Therefore, it is recommended to use the guided questions in developing students’ writing descriptive of Indonesian EFL students.
本研究旨在探讨引导问题在印尼英语作为外语学生写作教学中的效果,尤其是描述性文本教学。本研究的主要问题是:引导问题在印尼英语学生写作教学中是否有效?本研究可以作为英语写作教学的补充,特别是通过使用引导性问题来进行描述性文章的写作教学。本研究以印尼高中SMA Kristen Mercusuar Kupang的十年级学生为研究对象。样本总数为25名学生。本研究采用预实验方法,采用前测和后测设计。通过前测了解学生掌握描述性文本写作的基本能力,通过引导问题处理后进行后测了解学生掌握描述性文本写作的提高情况。研究结果表明,引导问题在印尼英语学生写作描述性文本教学中是有效的。通过SPSS 20程序进行显著性检验的结果支持P为0.00。因此,建议在培养印尼英语学生的写作描述能力时使用引导性问题。
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引用次数: 0
The Lexical and Contextual Meaning in Fajar Sadboy's Quotes 法贾尔·萨德博伊语录的词汇和语境意义
Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.24256/ideas.v11i1.3597
Vivi Novalia Sitinjak, Rifkha Sinambela, Dian Elizabeth Nababan, Yance Cerelina Sihotang, Grace Widya Hutagalung
The goal of this study is to analyze the lexical and contextual significance of Fajar Sadboy's quotes. Researchers employed qualitative methods to carry out this study. Fajar Sadboy's utterances, obtained from web pages, served as the research's data source. Fajar Sadboy's quotes, which have lexical and contextual interpretations, serve as the study's primary source of data. This study used observation, lexical analysis, and contextual interpretation to collect the data. Fajar Sadboy's quotes were found online and recorded after being found, as well as their lexical and contextual meanings. The data is then examined using the meaning study. There are lexical meanings and contextual meanings based on the analysis of the quotes from Fajar Sadboy that was done for the research. Lexical meanings are dictionary translations of Indonesian and English words. The situation described in the quotes from Fajar Sadboy serves as the contextual meanings.
本研究的目的是分析法贾尔·萨德博伊语录的词汇和语境意义。研究者采用定性方法进行本研究。从网页上获得的Fajar Sadboy的话语作为研究的数据来源。法贾尔·萨德博伊(Fajar Sadboy)的语录有词汇和语境的解释,是这项研究的主要数据来源。本研究采用观察法、词法分析法和语境解释法收集资料。Fajar Sadboy的语录是在网上找到的,并在被发现后记录下来,以及它们的词汇和上下文含义。然后使用意义研究来检查数据。本研究通过对法贾尔·萨德博伊语录的分析,分为词汇意义和语境意义。词汇含义是字典对印尼语和英语单词的翻译。Fajar Sadboy的引言中所描述的情况是上下文含义。
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引用次数: 0
Infancia, niñez y desigualdades en las Américas 美洲的儿童、儿童和不平等
Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.4000/ideas.16685
gilda charrier, Edna Hernández González, Jean-Marc Serme
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引用次数: 0
Rethinking Dobbs and Its Impact: The Devil is in the Constitutional Details 重新思考多布斯及其影响:魔鬼在宪法细节
Pub Date : 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.4000/ideas.16584
Yvonne-Marie Rogez
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引用次数: 0
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