EPPO Bulletin最新文献_第9页

PM 3/96 (1) Official controls of passenger luggage at points of entry PM 3/96 (1) 入境点对旅客行李的官方管制

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

EPPO Bulletin

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1111/epp.13034

Specific scope: This Standard provides recommendations to National Plant Protection Organizations (NPPOs) on the process for passenger luggage checks, including risk profiling, at airport points of entry. The Standard also provides guidance on inspection of plants or plant products and other regulated articles found in passenger luggage. Some elements of this Standard may also be applicable to passengers using other forms of travel (e.g. ship, train or by road). The Standard also provides guidance on cooperation with relevant authorities such as customs and provides general guidance to NPPOs on awareness raising for passengers.Specific Approval: This Standard was first approved in 2024–09.International passenger luggage can contain plants or plant products (e.g. cuttings, fruit, vegetables, cut flowers, and wood products) and other regulated articles (e.g. soil) (hereafter referred to as plants or plant products unless otherwise stated) that can be infested with pests. Such items may be intended for planting, private consumption (either during travel or upon entry), as souvenirs, or for sale in the country of destination. Each year, for air travel alone, billions of passengers travel on flights world-wide. In 2019, there were approximately 38.3 million flights transporting 4.5 billion passengers worldwide (ICAO, 2019). Although most passengers are unlikely to carry prohibited plants or plant products, surveys globally highlight sufficient interceptions to warrant a control system. In New Zealand for example, a survey of 6816 passengers luggage entering the country identified 3% were carrying fresh or dried plant products. In the United States of America, between 1984 and 2000, over 290 000 specimens of alien insects were intercepted from passenger luggage at international airports (Liebhold et al., 2006). From 2016 to 2021, large quantities of plant products were found in the luggage of passengers travelling from outside the EU to Italy. Several non-native pests were recorded mainly from fruits and vegetables including some quarantine pests (Pace et al., 2022). EPPO Pest Risk Analysis frequently identifies international passengers and their luggage as a potential pathway for the entry of pests into the EPPO region (for example fruit flies, beetles and caterpillars of Lepidoptera [EPPO, 2010, 2020a, 2020b]).Even if the amount of regulated plants or plant products in passenger luggage is mostly limited to small quantities, there is a chance that small items may be infested with pests constituting a risk in the country of destination. Plants or plant products may not only be purchased directly from nurseries or orchards, but could also originate from local markets or traders, which may be supplied with products grown in private gardens or collected in the natural environment. These items can pose a pest risk as they are not usually tre

应让旅客了解将植物或植物产品带入他国或本国的风险和限制。国家植物保护办公室可向国内和国际旅行社以及在其国内运营的航空公司通报国内和国际植物卫生法规。应鼓励旅行社和航空公司在旅行前或旅行中尽早告知客户。为了促使乘客遵守相关规定，必须让他们了解不受控制的植物或植物产品国际运输可能带来的虫害风险。这也是欧洲植物保护组织用各国语言制作的宣传海报和传单所要传达的信息，国家植物保护组织可在入境点展示这些海报和传单，以提高旅客对植物健康的认识。应提供的其他重要信息可能包括违禁品清单、植物检疫证书的要求和对某些植物或植物产品的植物检疫检查（如果国家有要求1），以及对规则的任何优惠。国家植物检疫组织可与其他国家的国家植物检疫组织建立联系，提请其注意本国的植物卫生法规，或提高对特定风险的认识。《欧洲植物检疫组织标准 PM 3/86 提高公众对检疫和新出现有害生物的认识》（欧洲植物检疫组织，2019a）为国家植物检疫组织提供了提高认识的一般指导，并介绍了一些不同的信息传播和宣传活动实例。EPPO 的 "不要冒险！"海报 (https://www.eppo.int/RESOURCES/eppo_publications/don_t_risk_it) 已张贴在整个 EPPO 地区的入境（和出境）点。在欧盟，成员国统一在入境点张贴关于禁止无植物检疫证书的受管制材料的信息海报，欧盟还建议（但非强制性）在出发点张贴类似海报。这些 "典型 "产品包括水果和蔬菜、切花或种子。对于每种主要的相关产品，本标准都提供了一般信息，并列举了害虫群的实例，其级别通常高于物种（如鞘翅目、鳞翅目等）。该标准中描述的植物检疫程序主要是为了防止 EPPO A1 和 A2 害虫通过入境点的旅客行李传入 EPPO 地区。有关 EPPO A1 和 A2 害虫的详细信息可查阅 EPPO 全球数据库（2023 年）。有关植物检疫检查的国际和地区标准（例如 ISPM 20（IPPC，2017 年）、ISPM 23（IPPC，2016a）、ISPM 31（IPPC，2016b）和 EPPO PM 3/72(2)（EPPO，2008 年））的典型内容并未规定旅客控制措施，但仍应遵守适当的基本原则。负责行李检查的检查员和其他边境工作人员应具备足够的检查专业知识（见第 3.3 章）。如果设施和设备允许，应仔细清空每个被检查的行李袋，以便能够检查其中的所有内容，例如在特定的检查台上进行检查。清空包装袋时应有条不紊，首先（重新）移动包装袋顶部的物品，然后再移动下面的物品。如果在调查行李时发现了可移动的昆虫，则必须安全地隔离相关产品和昆虫，以避免标本逃逸。因此，在打开行李时，应准备好用于取样的塑料袋和容器。为了确定症状或可能的害虫，或检测无症状的虫害，应采集样本并送往官方实验室，以确认害虫的身份。

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引用次数: 0

PM 3/98 (1) Inspection of growing media associated with consignments of plants for planting PM 3/98(1)检查与装运的植物有关的生长介质

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

EPPO Bulletin

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1111/epp.13039

Specific scope: This Standard describes the inspection and sampling of growing medium (including soil) associated with consignments of plants for planting to ensure the growing media is free from pests. The Standard does not cover inspection of plants for planting in the consignment. Growing media moved as a separate commodity or contaminating a commodity is also not considered in this Standard. The Standard includes relevant EPPO A1 and A2 pests1 recommended for regulation. This Standard provides guidance that may be relevant to inspections for export.Specific approval: This Standard was first approved in 2024–09.Many plants for planting are imported or traded within the EPPO region with growing media. ISPM 5 Glossary of phytosanitary terms (IPPC, 2019) defines growing medium as ‘Any material in which plant roots are growing or intended for that purpose’. Soil is included in this definition of growing media and consequently this Standard will refer to growing media without re-specifying that growing media includes soil. Plant pests such as bacteria, nematodes, molluscs, insects and fungi can all be associated with growing media. Growing media can provide a substrate for pests to survive and possibly reproduce on the host or in the soil. In addition, pests in soil have the potential to be introduced into a suitable habitat as the plants may be replanted, even in outdoor situations. As a result, growing media attached to plants is considered as a high-risk pathway for the introduction or spread of quarantine pests (ISPM 40 International movement of growing media in association with plants for planting, IPPC, 2017a). EPPO has long recognized the risk of movement of soil with plants for planting and in 2016 an EPPO Council declaration was published where the Council reiterated that the intercontinental movement of soil with plants for planting is a high risk for plant health (https://www.eppo.int/RESOURCES/position_papers/council_soil_movement).Growing media acts to protect the root system and enables the plant to sustain vitality and survival while being moved. Some plants such as bonsai are mainly imported with growing media attached.Many countries in the EPPO region have restrictions on the import of growing media attached to plants. The pest risk of growing media depends on a number of different factors such as the type of media, its origin, production mode, treatment, storage, and the way the plants for planting have been produced (ISPM 40: IPPC, 2017a). Soil attached to plants is mostly prohibited from import into the EPPO region and only certain types of growing media are allowed for import and these must have been stored and/or treated to ensure freedom from pests.Inspection and testing is performed to verify that growing media attached to or associated with plants for planting does not represent a risk.ISPM 5 Glossary of phytosanitary

具体范围：本标准规定了对与托运种植植物相关的生长介质（包括土壤）的检查和取样，以确保生长介质不含害虫。本标准不包括对托运种植植物的检查。本标准也不考虑作为单独商品移动或污染商品的生长介质。本标准包括建议监管的相关 EPPO A1 和 A2 害虫1 。本标准提供可能与出口检查相关的指导：本标准于 2024-09 年首次获得批准。许多用于种植的植物连同生长介质一起进口或在 EPPO 区域内交易。ISPM 5 植物检疫术语表》（IPPC，2019 年）将生长介质定义为 "植物根系生长的任何材料或用于此目的的任何材料"。土壤也包含在生长介质的定义中，因此本标准在提及生长介质时，不会再明确指出生长介质包括土壤。细菌、线虫、软体动物、昆虫和真菌等植物害虫都可能与生长介质有关。种植介质可为害虫提供生存的基质，并可能在寄主或土壤中繁殖。此外，土壤中的害虫有可能被引入合适的栖息地，因为植物可能会被移栽，即使是在室外。因此，附着在植物上的种植介质被认为是检疫性有害生物传入或传播的高风险途径（ISPM 40 与植物种植有关的种植介质的国际流动，IPPC，2017a）。欧洲植物保护组织（EPPO）早已认识到种植用土壤移动的风险，并于 2016 年发布了欧洲植物保护组织理事会宣言，重申种植用土壤的洲际移动是植物健康的高风险（https://www.eppo.int/RESOURCES/position_papers/council_soil_movement）。种植介质起到保护根系的作用，使植物在移动过程中保持活力和存活。一些植物（如盆景）在进口时主要附带生长介质。EPPO 地区的许多国家对植物附带生长介质的进口有限制。生长介质的虫害风险取决于多种不同因素，如介质类型、产地、生产方式、处理、储存以及种植植物的生产方式（ISPM 40：IPPC，2017a）。ISPM 5 植物检疫术语表》（IPPC，2019 年）将检查定义为对植物、植物产品或其他受管制物品进行正式的目视检查，以确定是否存在有害生物或验证是否符合植物检疫要求。本标准中描述的程序主要涉及在 EPPO 进口国入境点对托运货物的检查，但也可能适用于出口检查，以检查是否符合进口国的植物检疫要求。进口检查（包括核对文件和身份检查）的目的是核实是否符合植物检疫进口要求，如不存在规定的有害生物。进口检查（包括检查文件和身份检查）的目的是核实是否符合植物检疫进口要求，如是否存在受管制的有害生物。检查还可能是为了发现尚未确定植物检疫风险的有害生物。当发现不熟悉的有害生物时，应遵循 EPPO 标准 PM 5/2：进口货物中发现有害生物时的有害生物风险分析（EPPO，2002 年）中规定的程序，以便 NPPO 决定采取何种植物检疫行动。对进口国植物附着或相关的生长介质的检查可在批准的入境点或目的地进行，这取决于检查场所、进行有效检查的可能性以及在检查结果出来之前将植物置于官方控制之下的可能性。如果无法用肉眼检测害虫，检查方法应结合肉眼检查、抽样检查和实验室检测。

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引用次数: 0

First report of Scaphoideus titanus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Germany (Baden-Württemberg) 德国（巴登-符腾堡）首次报告 Scaphoideus titanus（半翅目：蝉科）的情况

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

EPPO Bulletin

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1111/epp.13053

L. Askani, O. Zimmermann, C. Zimmermann, F. Rinke, B. Jarausch, C. Hoffmann, K. Zikeli, R. Fuchs

In August 2024, adult individuals of Scaphoideus titanus were detected for the first time in Germany on yellow sticky traps in two different vineyards (Vitis vinifera) in Baden-Württemberg. This leafhopper is the main vector of Grapevine flavescence dorée phytoplasma (FD). According to initial analyses, however, the flavescence dorée-causing phytoplasma could not be detected in the trapped leafhoppers. An area of 80 hectares of non-contiguous vineyards is declared as infested.

2024 年 8 月，德国首次在巴登-符腾堡州的两个不同葡萄园（葡萄）的黄色粘性诱捕器上发现了泰坦叶蝉（Scaphoideus titanus）的成虫个体。这种叶蝉是葡萄花叶病毒（FD）的主要传播媒介。然而，根据初步分析，在被捕获的叶蝉中无法检测到引起多雷病的植原体。80 公顷的非毗连葡萄园被宣布为侵染区。

引用次数: 0

PM 3/97 (1) Inspection of consignments of plants for planting for invasive alien plants PM 3/97(1)检查托运的外来入侵植物的种植情况

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

EPPO Bulletin

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1111/epp.13033

Specific scope: This Standard describes inspection procedures for consignments of plants for planting imported with soil or other growing medium (and aquatic plants with water) to avoid the import of regulated invasive plants. The Standard does not cover inspection of seeds and plants for planting such as tubers, rhizomes imported as the commodity itself, without soil or growing medium, nor does it cover inspection of pests other than plants.1 The Standard describes (1) the inspection to check whether the plants for planting are regulated or prohibited as invasive alien plants, and (2) the inspection and sampling of soil or other growing medium associated with plants for planting to ensure it is free from invasive alien plant as contaminants. The Standard provides guidance that may be relevant to inspections for exports.Specific Approval: This Standard was first approved in 2024-09.Invasive alien plant (IAPs) species are considered a major threat to biodiversity and ecosystem services (Early et al., 2016; Huisman et al., 2021). These species can have negative impacts on agricultural systems, reducing crop yields and degrading pastures (Eschen et al., 2021). One of the main pathways for the entry of IAPs into the EPPO region is via the horticulture trade (Hulme et al., 2018). Although most ornamental species do not cause any adverse impacts, some may become invasive and cause ecological and economic impacts to the areas where introduced (van Kleunen et al., 2015).Invasive alien plants may be imported as a commodity themselves. The species indicated on the import documents (e.g. a phytosanitary certificate) may be the correct species name, a synonym, or a misapplied scientific or common name. Incorrect labelling and misidentification of plants for planting in trade is widespread and may be deliberate or by neglect (Brunel, 2009; Hulme et al., 2018; Neucker & Scheers, 2022; Thum et al., 2012; Verbrugge et al., 2014). Mislabelling may consist of simple misspelling of names or considering a variety as a true species, or just preferring one name over another (Van Valkenburg et al., 2022, 2023). Using synonyms, rather than the preferred scientific name can also lead to confusion. Detecting mislabelled IAPs requires some taxonomic knowledge of the species in question by the inspector.Invasive alien plants may be imported accidently as contaminants of soil or other growing medium associated with plants for planting, including water for aquatic plants. ISPM 5 Glossary of phytosanitary terms (IPPC, 2024) defines growing medium as ‘Any material in which plant roots are growing or intended for that purpose’. Soil and water are included in this definition of growing media and consequently this Standard will refer to growing media.The EPPO

一些 EPPO 国家可能还有其他可纳入检查程序的物种清单。附录 1 提供了有关 EPPO 地区检疫关注的 IAPs 的更多信息，这些 IAPs 可作为种植植物的污染物进入 EPPO 地区。EPPO 标准 PM 3/72(1)提供了有关批次识别的一般背景信息，包括生产地检查、区域范围监督、托运货物检查和批次识别的共同要素（EPPO，2009 年）、在对附带生长介质的种植用植物进行检查时，批次识别取决于物种、品种或大小以及生产地。此外，在检查外来入侵植物污染物时，还可考虑种植介质的类型。植物检疫证书上确定的批次应作为计划检查的出发点。如果一批货物包含多个批次，则应针对每个批次进行检查以确定是否符合规定，并对每个批次分别取样。对相关生长介质的检查可以不以单个批次的商品为基础，而是以首先在原产地和其次在生长介质类型上具有同质性的合并批次为基础。如果怀疑某种 IAP，无论是作为商品本身还是作为污染物，都应采集样本并送往实验室确认其身份。如果植株较小，则应多送几株。小苗和幼株可添加生长介质。植物材料最好用纸包好，以防止滋生细菌和真菌。然后，应将材料放入密封的密闭箱或塑料袋中，直接送往实验室。保持低温，避免样品暴露在应激条件下（具体步骤见附录 1）。所有包装上都应清楚地贴上标签。对某些 IAP 而言，物种级别的鉴定可能比较复杂。此外，处于早期发育阶段的植物可能无法表现出所有形态特征，因此仅凭入境时的目测无法准确鉴定其物种级别。EPPO-Q-bank 入侵植物数据库（2022 年）包含维管植物（不包括藻类和苔藓）的序列数据，特别关注水生（非海洋）植物。EPPO-Q-bank Invasive Plants 数据库（2022 年）包含维管植物（不包括藻类和苔藓）的序列数据，特别关注水生（非海洋）植物。

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引用次数: 0

Cereal aphid species: their natural enemies and efficiency of Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson, 1880) to control Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch, 1856) 谷物蚜虫的天敌及其对小麦蚜的防治效果（Cresson, 1880）

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

EPPO Bulletin

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1111/epp.13050

Dalila Haouas, Lassaad Mdellel, Mayssa Zgolli, Mohamed Habib Manai, Jean Pierre Sarthou

Cereal grains both for human consumption and animal feed are an essential component of global food systems. However, during production they are often targeted by various pest insects, including aphids. A survey was carried out from 2017 to 2021 in six cereal production sites in Tunisia to evaluate aphid diversity and identify natural enemies on Triticum turgidum subsp. durum (durum wheat), Hordeum vulgare (barley), Avena sativa (oat) and Triticum secale (triticale). Six aphid species belonging to four genera were recorded: Diuraphis noxia, Rhopalosiphum maidis, R. padi, Schizaphis graminum, Sitobion avenae and Sitobion fragariae. Among these, S. avenae and R. padi emerged as the most prevalent species across the majority of sites, infesting durum wheat, barley and triticale. Sc. graminum, R. maidis and D. noxia were less frequent, while S. fragariae was exclusively found on oat plants. Common aphid predators observed included Coccinella algerica, Hippodamia variegata and C. undecimpunctata, as well as syrphid flies such as Episyrphus balteatus and Sphaerophoria rueppellii. Lysiphlebus testaceipes was the sole parasitoid species detected, emerging exclusively from R. padi and R. maidis mummies. Furthermore, the study on the efficacy of L. testaceipes against R. maidis indicated that parasitism levels increased with the number of introduced parasitoid pairs. Aphid and natural enemy diversity were also evaluated.

用于人类消费和动物饲料的谷物是全球粮食系统的重要组成部分。然而，在生产过程中，谷物经常成为包括蚜虫在内的各种害虫的攻击目标。从 2017 年到 2021 年，在突尼斯的六个谷物生产地开展了一项调查，以评估蚜虫的多样性，并确定硬质小麦亚种（Triticum turgidum subsp. durum）、大麦（Hordeum vulgare）、燕麦（Avena sativa）和三棱麦（Triticum secale）上的天敌。记录了属于 4 个属的 6 种蚜虫：Diuraphis noxia、Rhopalosiphum maidis、R. padi、Schizaphis graminum、Sitobion avenae 和 Sitobion fragariae。其中，S. avenae 和 R. padi 是大多数地点最常见的物种，侵染硬质小麦、大麦和三粒豆。Sc. graminum、R. maidis 和 D. noxia 的出现频率较低，而 S. fragariae 只出现在燕麦植株上。常见的蚜虫天敌包括 Coccinella algerica、Hippodamia variegata 和 C. undecimpunctata，以及蚜蝇，如 Episyrphus balteatus 和 Sphaerophoria rueppellii。Lysiphlebus testaceipes 是唯一被检测到的寄生虫物种，只出现在 R. padi 和 R. maidis 木乃伊上。此外，关于 L. testaceipes 对 R. maidis 的效力的研究表明，寄生水平随着引入的寄生虫对数的增加而提高。还对蚜虫和天敌的多样性进行了评估。

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引用次数: 0

PM 7/76 (6) Use of EPPO Diagnostic Standards PM 7/76 (6) 使用 EPPO 诊断标准

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

EPPO Bulletin

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1111/epp.13046

This Standard describes the purpose and use of EPPO Diagnostic Standards. Definitions used in these Standards are given in Appendix 1. This Standard is based on ISPM 27 (IPPC, 2006).

Approved in 2006-09. Revised in 2010-09, 2014-09, 2016-11, 2018-09 and in 2024-09.

This Standard is designed to be used in conjunction with the EPPO Standards of series PM 7 on diagnostics.

Diagnostic tests have different performance characteristics (e.g. levels of analytical sensitivity and analytical specificity resulting in different risks of false-positive and false-negative results), speed and cost. These elements are taken into account by the customer and the laboratory when choosing a test or a combination of tests for the diagnosis of a pest in specific circumstances of use.

The reliability of a test depends on its performance characteristics, obtained from validation and verification studies. Information on how to perform validation and verification is provided in PM 7/98 Specific requirements for laboratories preparing accreditation for a plant pest diagnostic activity (EPPO, 2021). Validation data is not available for all tests that are currently widely used in plant pest diagnostic laboratories. Lack of validation data is, in particular, often the case for routine tests such as ELISA or morphological analyses. However, there is often a long period of experience of use of such tests and it is usually possible for the laboratory to qualify the reliability of such tests (e.g. based on the number of years of experience, the number of samples tested, the use of controls and participation in proficiency tests). It is nevertheless recognized that performance characteristics allow a better understanding of the reliability of the tests. There are cases where a combination of tests is used to increase the overall accuracy and confidence in the diagnosis (e.g. see Section 4).

It should be noted that the result of a test or a combination of tests also depends on the proficiency of the laboratory.

Critical cases:

The circumstances of use described in the latter three bullet points (in bold) are considered in this Standard as critical cases where additional confidence in the outcome of the diagnosis will be required (see Section 2.1). The detection of a pest in a consignment declared to have been submitted to a phytosanitary treatment is also considered to be a critical case (see also Section 5.3.2).

本标准描述了EPPO诊断标准的目的和用途。本标准中使用的定义见附录1。本标准基于ISPM 27 （IPPC, 2006）。于2006-09年度获批准。2010-09年、2014-09年、2016-11年、2018-09年和2024-09年修订。本标准旨在与EPPO pm7系列诊断标准一起使用。诊断测试具有不同的性能特征（例如，分析敏感性和分析特异性水平导致假阳性和假阴性结果的不同风险）、速度和成本。客户和实验室在选择在特定使用环境中诊断有害生物的测试或组合测试时，会考虑到这些因素。测试的可靠性取决于其性能特征，这些特征是通过验证和验证研究获得的。关于如何进行确认和验证的信息在PM 7/98中提供了准备对植物害虫诊断活动进行认证的实验室的具体要求（EPPO, 2021）。目前在植物病虫害诊断实验室中广泛使用的所有测试都没有验证数据。特别是，缺乏验证数据，通常是常规测试，如ELISA或形态分析的情况。然而，使用这种测试的经验往往很长，实验室通常有可能对这种测试的可靠性进行鉴定（例如，根据经验的年数、测试样品的数量、使用对照和参加熟练程度测试）。然而，人们认识到，性能特征可以更好地理解测试的可靠性。在某些情况下，使用组合检测来提高诊断的总体准确性和置信度（例如见第4节）。应该注意的是，一项检测或组合检测的结果也取决于实验室的熟练程度。危重病例：在本标准中，后三个要点（粗体）中描述的使用情况被认为是危重病例，需要对诊断结果增加信心（见章节2.1）。在宣布已提交植物检疫处理的货物中发现有害生物也被认为是一个关键案例（另见第5.3.2节）。

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引用次数: 0

PP 1/335 (1) Seed wasps in almonds, pistachios and plums PP 1/335(1)杏仁、开心果和李子中的种子黄蜂

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

EPPO Bulletin

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1111/epp.13042

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum: EPPO Standard PM 5/6 (1) EPPO prioritization process for invasive alien plants 更正：EPPO标准PM 5/6(1)入侵外来植物的EPPO优先排序流程

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

EPPO Bulletin

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1111/epp.13052

The EPPO Panel on Invasive Alien Plants would like to update some information presented in EPPO Standard PM 5/6 (1) EPPO Prioritization Process for Invasive Alien Plants (EPPO, 2012a).

In PM 5/6, the references to the EPPO Standard PM 3/67 Guidelines for the management of invasive alien plants or potentially invasive alien plants which are intended for import or have been intentionally imported should be deleted. The Standard was withdrawn in 2023.

The references to ISPM no. 11 (Pest Risk Analyses for Quarantine Pests including analysis of environmental risks and living modified organisms) should be changed to ISPM 11 Pest Risk Analyses for Quarantine Pests.

The text which states:

‘The guidelines on pest risk analysis of EPPO Standard PM 5/3 Decision-support scheme for quarantine pests should be followed for the performance of a PRA’.

should be replaced by.

‘The guidelines on pest risk analysis of EPPO Standard PM 5/3 Decision-support scheme for quarantine pests may be followed for the performance of a PRA or, for a simplified scheme, the EPPO Standard PM 5/5 Decision-support scheme for an Express Pest Risk Analysis (EPPO, 2012b), and the additional guidance can be used.’

The reference to EPPO Plant Quarantine Data Retrieval system (PQR) should be changed to EPPO Global Database: https://gd.eppo.int/. This resource should be used to cross-check the validity of species names cited in the Standard.

Other specific updates

Additional resources to assess the distribution and origin of plants include:

Plants of the World Online: https://powo.science.kew.org/

The World Flora Online: https://www.worldfloraonline.org/

Reference to specific EUNIS habitat types has been updated and the following website should be consulted for up-to-date classifications: https://eunis.eea.europa.eu/

Köppen-Geiger high-resolution maps have been recently updated for six approximately 30- year periods within 1901-2099: https://www.gloh2o.org/koppen/

For up-to-date maps of biogeographical regions in Europe consulate: https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/biogeographical-regions-in-europe-2

The DAISIE database is available via https://www.gbif.org/dataset/39f36f10-559b-427f-8c86-2d28afff68ca

The Global Invasive Species Information Network (GISIN) website is no longer available.

The Global Invasive Species database is available via https://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/

An additional resource for introduced and invasive species is the Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species: https://griis.org/

EPPO外来入侵植物专家组希望更新EPPO标准PM 5/6 (1) EPPO外来入侵植物优先排序流程（EPPO, 2012a）中的一些信息。在PM 5/6中，应删除参考EPPO标准PM 3/67关于外来入侵植物或拟进口或有意进口的潜在入侵外来植物管理指南的内容。该标准于2023年被撤销。参考ISPM编号。11（检疫性有害生物的有害生物风险分析，包括对环境风险和改性活生物体的分析）应改为ISPM 11检疫性有害生物有害生物风险分析。该文本指出：“实施PRA应遵循EPPO标准PM 5/3检疫性有害生物决策支持方案的有害生物风险分析指南”。应该由。“对于PRA的执行，可以遵循EPPO标准PM 5/3检疫性有害生物决策支持方案的有害生物风险分析指南，或者对于简化方案，可以遵循EPPO标准PM 5/5快速有害生物风险分析决策支持方案（EPPO, 2012b），并且可以使用附加指南。”EPPO植物检疫数据检索系统（PQR）的名称应改为EPPO全球数据库：https://gd.eppo.int/。该资源应用于交叉检查标准中引用的物种名称的有效性。其他具体更新评估植物分布和起源的额外资源包括：世界植物在线：https://powo.science.kew.org/The世界植物在线：https://www.worldfloraonline.org/Reference对特定的EUNIS生境类型进行了更新，有关最新分类应参考以下网站：https://eunis.eea.europa.eu/Köppen-Geiger高分辨率地图最近更新了1901-2099年的六个大约30年的时期：https://www.gloh2o.org/koppen/For欧洲生物地理区域最新地图领事馆：https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/biogeographical-regions-in-europe-2The DAISIE数据库可通过https://www.gbif.org/dataset/39f36f10-559b-427f-8c86-2d28afff68caThe全球入侵物种信息网络（GISIN）网站获得。全球入侵物种数据库可通过https://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/An获得，关于引进和入侵物种的额外资源是全球引进和入侵物种登记册：https://griis.org/

{"title":"Corrigendum: EPPO Standard PM 5/6 (1) EPPO prioritization process for invasive alien plants","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/epp.13052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/epp.13052","url":null,"abstract":"The EPPO Panel on Invasive Alien Plants would like to update some information presented in EPPO Standard PM 5/6 (1) EPPO Prioritization Process for Invasive Alien Plants (EPPO, 2012a).In PM 5/6, the references to the EPPO Standard PM 3/67 Guidelines for the management of invasive alien plants or potentially invasive alien plants which are intended for import or have been intentionally imported should be deleted. The Standard was withdrawn in 2023.The references to ISPM no. 11 (Pest Risk Analyses for Quarantine Pests including analysis of environmental risks and living modified organisms) should be changed to ISPM 11 Pest Risk Analyses for Quarantine Pests.The text which states:‘The guidelines on pest risk analysis of EPPO Standard PM 5/3 Decision-support scheme for quarantine pests should be followed for the performance of a PRA’.should be replaced by.‘The guidelines on pest risk analysis of EPPO Standard PM 5/3 Decision-support scheme for quarantine pests may be followed for the performance of a PRA or, for a simplified scheme, the EPPO Standard PM 5/5 Decision-support scheme for an Express Pest Risk Analysis (EPPO, 2012b), and the additional guidance can be used.’The reference to EPPO Plant Quarantine Data Retrieval system (PQR) should be changed to EPPO Global Database: https://gd.eppo.int/. This resource should be used to cross-check the validity of species names cited in the Standard.\u0000 Other specific updates\u0000 Additional resources to assess the distribution and origin of plants include:Plants of the World Online: https://powo.science.kew.org/The World Flora Online: https://www.worldfloraonline.org/Reference to specific EUNIS habitat types has been updated and the following website should be consulted for up-to-date classifications: https://eunis.eea.europa.eu/Köppen-Geiger high-resolution maps have been recently updated for six approximately 30- year periods within 1901-2099: https://www.gloh2o.org/koppen/For up-to-date maps of biogeographical regions in Europe consulate: https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/biogeographical-regions-in-europe-2The DAISIE database is available via https://www.gbif.org/dataset/39f36f10-559b-427f-8c86-2d28afff68caThe Global Invasive Species Information Network (GISIN) website is no longer available.The Global Invasive Species database is available via https://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/An additional resource for introduced and invasive species is the Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species: https://griis.org/","PeriodicalId":34952,"journal":{"name":"EPPO Bulletin","volume":"54 3","pages":"393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/epp.13052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143187076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

PP 1/131 (4) Diaspididae scales on pome and stone fruits PP 1/131(4)梨果和核果上的水蛭科鳞片

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

EPPO Bulletin

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1111/epp.13041

引用次数: 0

PP 1/336 (1) Efficacy evaluation of herbicides used with mechanical weeders PP 1/336(1)与机械除草机一起使用除草剂的效果评价

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

EPPO Bulletin

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1111/epp.13043

引用次数: 0