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Provjera konstruktne i kriterijske valjanosti Skale situacijske motivacije u sportskom kontekstu 测试体育情境中情境动机量表的建设性和标准
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.21465/2021-sp-241-03
Petra Anić, Ivana Host, Tamara Mohorić
Motivacija za vježbanje, odnosno bavljenje sportom ili sudjelovanje u tjelesnoj aktivnosti tema je koja se istražuje dugi niz godina. Cilj ovoga rada bio je validirati prevedenu verziju Skale situacijske motivacije u sportskom kontekstu na hrvatski jezik te provjeriti njezine metrijske karakteristike. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno 449 (55% žena) aktivnih i rekreativnih sportaša, u dobi od 15 do 64 godine (M = 27,60, SD = 10,50). Sudionici su ispunili Upitnik motivacije za vježbanje EMI-2 (Markland i Ingledew, 1997; Vlašić i sur., 2002) te Skalu situacijske motivacije (Guay i sur., 2000), koja, prema teoriji samoodređenja, ispituje intrinzičnu motivaciju, identificiranu regulaciju, eksternalnu regulaciju i amotivaciju. Rezultati potvrđuju zadovoljavajuću konstruktnu i kriterijsku valjanost hrvatske verzije Skale situacijske motivacije te invarijatnost s obzirom na spol sportaša. S obzirom na važnost tjelesne aktivnosti za zdravlje, potrebno je razumjeti motive koji se nalaze u podlozi vježbanja ili treniranja kako bismo mogli potaknuti ljude na bavljenje sportom i ostanak u sportu, bilo aktivnom ili rekreativnom. Ključne riječi: teorija samoodređenja, Skala situacijske motivacije, motivacija za vježbanje
多年来,人们一直在研究运动、运动或身体活动动机。这项工作的目的是验证Skala在克罗地亚体育背景下的情境动机的翻译版本,并验证其度量特征。共有449名(55%的女性)年龄在15岁至64岁(M=27.60,SD=10.50)的活跃和娱乐运动员参与了这项研究。Sudionici su ispunili Upitnik motivacije za vježbanje EMI-2(Markland i Ingledew,1997;Vlaš。研究结果证实了克罗地亚版Skala的情境动机和运动员配偶的无效性具有令人满意的建设性和批判性价值。鉴于身体健康活动的重要性,有必要了解锻炼或训练的动机,以便我们能够鼓励人们进行体育运动并继续从事体育运动,无论是积极的还是娱乐性的。关键词:自决理论、情境动机量表、锻炼动机
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引用次数: 0
Što roditelji imaju pravo znati o dječjim vršnjačkim odnosima – mišljenje adolescenata i njihovih majki 父母有权了解儿童的高级关系——青少年及其母亲的意见
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2020-07-06 DOI: 10.21465/2019-SP-222-05
Zora Raboteg-Šarić, Ivan Zovak
Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati stavove adolescenata i njihovih majki o tome što roditelji imaju pravo znati o svojoj djeci te razlike u stavovima roditelja i djece u odno-su na spol i dob adolescenata. Uzorak je obuhvaćao 188 srednjoškolaca (94 djevojke i 94 mladića) prosječne dobi od 16,6 godina i njihove majke (N = 188). Primijenjena je hrvatska verzija Upitnika roditeljskog prava na informacije o djeci (Right to Know In-ventory, Krein i Brown, 2004), kojim se mjere stavovi prema legitimnosti roditeljskog autoriteta u odnosu na četiri domene vršnjačkih odnosa adolescenata: aktivnosti s pri-jateljima, značajke odnosa, negativne karakteristike vršnjaka i pozitivne karakteristike vršnjaka. Rezultati su pokazali da majke općenito procjenjuju svoje pravo na znanje o djeci i njihovim aktivnostima većim nego što im to pravo daju adolescenti. Dobivene su značajne razlike između rezultata majki i djece na svim skalama Upitnika roditelj-skog prava na informacije o djeci, osim za pozitivne karakteristike vršnjaka. Složene analize varijance pokazale su značajan efekt spola adolescenata na njihove stavove o roditeljskom pravu na informacije o djeci, kao i značajan efekt spola djeteta na stavove majki. U obje analize učinci dobi djeteta te interakcije spola i dobi nisu značajni. Dje-vojke, u usporedbi s mladićima, procjenjuju značajno većim roditeljsko pravo na in-formacije o djeci u svim područjima, osim za pozitivne karakteristike vršnjaka. Majke koje imaju kćer smatraju da imaju značajno veće pravo na informacije o aktivnostima djece s prijateljima i značajkama njihovih odnosa s vršnjacima nego majke sinova. Rezultati se razmatraju u odnosu na istraživanja o legitimnosti roditeljskog autoriteta različitim socijalnim domenama i istraživanja o adolescentskom samootkrivanju. Ključne riječi: adolescenti, autonomija, odnosi s vršnjacima, roditeljsko pravo na informacije
这项研究的目的是调查青少年及其母亲对有权了解其子女的态度,以及父母和儿童对性和青少年的态度差异。样本包括188名平均年龄16.6岁的高中生(94名女孩和94名年轻人)及其母亲(N=188)。克罗地亚版本的父母获得儿童信息的权利(知情权,Krein和Brown,2004年)已被用于衡量对父母权力合法性的态度,涉及四个青少年领域:与朋友的活动、重要关系、男性的负面特征和男性的正面特征。结果表明,母亲通常比青少年更重视了解儿童及其活动的权利。除了老年人的积极特征外,母亲和儿童在父母对儿童的知情权的所有尺度上的结果都存在显著差异。一项复杂的方差分析显示,青少年的性别对其父母获得儿童信息的权利产生了重大影响,儿童的性别对母亲的地位也产生了重要影响。在这两项分析中,儿童年龄和性互动的影响都不显著。与年轻人相比,两名士兵评估了除老年人的积极特征外,所有领域的父母对孩子的重要权利。有女儿的母亲认为,与儿子的母亲相比,她们有更大的权利了解孩子与朋友的活动以及她们与成年人关系的迹象。Rezultati se razmatraju u odnosu na istraživanja o legalimnosti roditeljskog autoriteta različitim socijalnim domenama i istraž。关键词:青少年、自主性、老年关系、父母知情权
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引用次数: 0
ATTITUDES ABOUT CANNABIS AND CANNABIS USE IN TWO CONSECUTIVE STUDIES AMONG THE GENERAL POPULATION IN CROATIA 克罗地亚普通人群对大麻和大麻使用的连续两项研究态度
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2020-06-17 DOI: 10.21465/2019-SP-222-06
Renata Glavak Tkalić, Josip Razum, Anja Wertag
Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit drug in Croatia. Although some peo-ple seem to use cannabis without adverse consequences, widespread cannabis use still poses a significant burden on public health. The aims of this study ware to determine if prevalence of cannabis use and cannabis attitudes changed between the two study waves, and to determine wich groups regarding cannabis user and attitudes exist in the Croatian general population and did they change between the two study waves. The re-search was conducted on two representative samples of Croatian citizens aged betwe-en 15 and 64 years, first collected in 2011 (N=4756), and second in 2015 (N=4992). Cross-sectional design was employed, and face-to-face survey was used in data collec-tion. In the current study, data on the prevalence and extent of cannabis use, attitudes on cannabis use and policies regarding cannabis use, risk perception of cannabis use, as well as relevant characteristics of respondents were used. Data were analyzed using confidence intervals and latent class analysis (LCA). Cannabis use increased between the two study waves and the attitudes became more favorable. Three classes were obta-ined in the LCA in both waves: “non-users – cannabis conservative” (the biggest cla-ss), “rare to occasional users – cannabis liberal” (medium sized class) and “moderate to heavy users – very cannabis liberal” (the smallest class). The size of classes changed between the waves, with the latter two classes increasing in size in 2015. Results are discussed in the context of recent legal and societal events in Croatian society which might have driven the discovered changes in cannabis use and attitudes. Key words: attitudes about cannabis, cannabis use, prevalence of cannabis use, ge-neral population, Croatia
大麻是克罗地亚最常用的非法毒品。虽然有些人使用大麻似乎没有不良后果,但大麻的广泛使用仍然对公共卫生造成重大负担。本研究的目的是确定大麻使用的流行程度和大麻态度在两次研究期间是否发生了变化,并确定克罗地亚一般人口中存在哪些大麻使用者和态度群体,以及它们在两次研究期间是否发生了变化。该研究对年龄在15至64岁之间的克罗地亚公民的两个代表性样本进行了研究,第一次收集于2011年(N=4756),第二次收集于2015年(N=4992)。采用横断面设计,资料收集采用面对面调查。在目前的研究中,使用了关于大麻使用的流行程度和程度、对大麻使用的态度和有关大麻使用的政策、对大麻使用的风险认知以及受访者的相关特征的数据。数据分析采用置信区间和潜在类分析(LCA)。在两次研究期间,大麻的使用增加了,态度变得更有利。在两次浪潮中,LCA都有三个类别:“非使用者-大麻保守派”(最大类别),“很少到偶尔使用者-大麻自由派”(中等类别)和“中度到重度使用者-非常大麻自由派”(最小类别)。班级的规模在两次浪潮之间发生了变化,后两个班级的规模在2015年有所增加。在克罗地亚社会最近的法律和社会事件的背景下讨论了结果,这些事件可能推动了大麻使用和态度的发现变化。关键词:对大麻的态度,大麻使用,大麻使用率,普通人群,克罗地亚
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引用次数: 0
Interactive Effects of Multi-Foci Justice Climates on Teams’ Psychological Empowerment 多焦点公正气候对团队心理授权的交互影响
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2020-03-10 DOI: 10.21465/2019-SP-221-02
Zoran Sušanj, Ana Jakopec, Antonija Radoš
Psychological empowerment refers to the degree in which an employee feels that he controls events in the organization. This construct is studied on a group level as well, as a team members’ common experience. Team empowerment is a multidimensional construct that includes the collective belief about freedom, independence and discretion in decision-making (autonomy), teams’ effectiveness (potency), the importance and value of teams’ work (meaningfulness), and the contribution of the teams’ work to organizational performance (impact). Organizations are interested in empowering individuals and teams because empowerment relates to positive work outcomes. Justice climate, as an important component of the overall experience of the working environment, greatly determines psychological empowerment. The aim of this study is to verify the interactive effects of organizational, supervisory and peer justice climate on teams’ psychological empowerment. We analyzed data collected from 196 work teams from different organizations. Results of polynomial regression combined with response surface methodology show that with the increase of the level of congruence between multi-foci justice climates, teams’ psychological empowerment increases as well. Misalignment between different sources of justice climate, a situation in which one source is fair while the other is unfair, does not affect the team members’ joint perception of psychological empowerment. As long as the team perceives one source of justice as fair, the teams’ psychological empowerment is high, regardless of the injustice of another source. Although the cross- sectional study design does not allow inferring causality, the theoretical implications of the results for the application of the congruence theory in the organizational context in understanding the effects of (mis)alignment between different sources of justice climate, as well as the practical applicability of the results in human resource management, are discussed. Keywords: teams’ psychological empowerment, multi-foci justice climate
心理授权是指员工感觉自己控制组织中事件的程度。这种结构也在团队层面上进行了研究,作为团队成员的共同经验。团队赋权是一个多维的结构,包括关于决策自由、独立和自由裁量权(自主性)、团队有效性(效力)、团队工作的重要性和价值(意义)以及团队工作对组织绩效的贡献(影响)的集体信念。组织对赋予个人和团队权力感兴趣,因为赋予权力与积极的工作成果有关。公正氛围作为工作环境整体体验的重要组成部分,在很大程度上决定了心理赋权。本研究的目的是验证组织、监督和同伴公正氛围对团队心理赋权的互动效应。我们分析了从不同组织的196个工作团队收集的数据。多项式回归与响应面方法相结合的结果表明,随着多焦点司法氛围一致性水平的提高,团队的心理赋权也在增加。不同来源的司法氛围不一致,即一个来源是公平的,而另一个来源不公平的情况,不会影响团队成员对心理赋权的共同感知。只要团队认为正义的一个来源是公平的,团队的心理赋权就很高,而不考虑另一个来源的不公正。尽管跨部门研究设计不允许推断因果关系,但讨论了研究结果对在组织背景下应用一致性理论理解不同司法氛围来源之间(不一致)的影响的理论意义,以及研究结果在人力资源管理中的实际适用性。关键词:团队心理赋权、多焦点司法氛围
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引用次数: 1
Pavle Jurković (1941.-2020.) 帕夫勒·尤尔科维奇(1941-2020)
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21465/2020-sp-231-06
Josip Lopižić, Krunoslav Matešić
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of Low Scores on the WISC-IV-HR: Are the Low Scores Always a Reason for Concern? WISC-IV-HR低分的流行:低分总是一个值得关注的原因吗?
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21465/2020-sp-232-02
K. Matešić, V. Ružić, Antonia Štefanec
The fourth edition of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV) was published in 2003. and it quickly became one of the world’s most used measures of intelligence for children and adolescents. Adaptation and standardization for the Croatian language, in 2009, made this test available for experts to assess the level of intelligence of children in Croatia, but for the interpretation of individual achievement to be accurate, there is a need to consider the overall prevalence of low subtest and Index scores in healthy children. Understanding the prevalence of obtaining low scores on a particular test battery provides an estimate of the probability that a specific result obtained by the clinician is clinically significant and unusual for the normative population. The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of low scores on the WISC-IV-HR subtests and Indexes in overall Croatian standardization sample and depending on child’s intelligence level. The study included 1200 children and adolescents aged between 6 years 0 months and 16 years 11 months. The results show that even when considering a cut-off more than 2 SD below the mean, 1 out of 5 children obtains at least one low WISC-IV subtest score. The prevalence of low Index scores is smaller but still should not be ignored while interpreting test results. Also important to keep in mind is that those results cannot be explained only by the overall level of child’s intelligence since even using the most rigorous cut-off value, around 1 out of 10 children with average or higher intelligence level will obtain low subtest scores and around 3% of them will have one low Index score. Keywords: intelligence, Croatian adaptation, WISC-IV, low scores
韦氏儿童智力量表第四版(WISC-IV)于2003年出版。它很快成为世界上最常用的儿童和青少年智力测量方法之一。2009年,克罗地亚语的适应和标准化使专家能够利用这一测试来评估克罗地亚儿童的智力水平,但为了准确地解释个人成就,需要考虑健康儿童总体上普遍存在的低分项测试和指数得分。了解在特定测试组中获得低分的普遍性,可以估计临床医生获得的特定结果在临床上具有重要意义且对正常人群不寻常的可能性。该研究的目的是检查总体克罗地亚标准化样本中WISC-IV-HR子测试和指数低分的流行程度,并取决于儿童的智力水平。该研究包括1200名年龄在6岁0个月至16岁11个月之间的儿童和青少年。结果表明,即使考虑到比平均值低2个标准差以上的截止值,每5名儿童中仍有1名至少获得一个低WISC-IV子测试分数。低指数得分的患病率较小,但在解释测试结果时仍不应忽视。同样重要的是要记住,这些结果不能仅仅用儿童的整体智力水平来解释,因为即使使用最严格的临界值,大约十分之一的平均或更高智力水平的儿童将获得较低的子测试分数,大约3%的儿童将获得一个低指数分数。关键词:智力,克罗地亚适应,WISC-IV,低分
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引用次数: 0
Povezanost različitih psiholoških čimbenika s izraženosti stresa, anksioznosti i depresivnosti u zdravstvenih djelatnika tijekom pandemije bolesti COVID-19 u Republici Hrvatskoj 克罗地亚共和国新冠肺炎大流行期间医护人员的不同心理原因与压力、焦虑和抑郁之间的关系
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21465/2020-SP-231-03
L. Pačić-Turk, Dominik-Borna Ćepulić, Ana Haramina, Josip Bošnjaković
Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi izraženost stresa, anksioznosti i depresivnosti u zdravstvenih djelatnika tijekom pandemije bolesti COVID-19, čimbenike koji predviđaju njihov intenzitet te stresnost različitih situacija u radnom i obiteljskom okruženju. Primijenjeni su DASS, Brief RCOPE i CD-RISC-10. Istraživanje je provedeno online tijekom svibnja i lipnja 2020. na 135 sudionika metodom snježne grude. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju višu izraženost stresa i anksioznosti, te podjednaku razinu depresivnosti kao i u istraživanju provedenom u SAD-u na nekliničkom uzorku. Otpornost je negativno povezana sa stresom, anksioznosti i depresivnosti, a negativno religijsko suočavanje je pozitivno povezano s depresivnosti. Također, žene pokazuju niže razine depresivnosti od muških sudionika. Što se tiče situacija u radnom okruženju, zdravstveni djelatnici podjednako brinu o tome je li njihova zaštitna oprema neprimjerena, hoće li imati dovoljno djelatnika na raspolaganju te hoće li se netko od njihovih kolega razboljeti. Nešto manje brinu o tome da je njihovo vlastito zdravlje ugroženo i jesu li zaštitnu opremu upotrebljavali na adekvatan način. Što se tiče situacija u obiteljskom okruženju, najviše brige izaziva pomisao da zbog svojeg posla članove svoje obitelji izlaže riziku zaraze; slijedi briga zbog mogućnosti samoizolacije, dok je briga zbog promjena u ponašanju koje mogu utjecati na kvalitetu bliskih odnosa na posljednjem mjestu. Sudionici u direktnom kontaktu s oboljelima više brinu o tome da neće imati dovoljno djelatnika na raspolaganju i da je njihovo zdravlje ugroženo. Sudionici koji su bili u kontaktu s COVID-19 pacijentima i kolegama kojima je kasnije dijagnosticiran COVID-19 više brinu da neće imati dovoljno djelatnika na raspolaganju i da će se netko od kolega razboljeti. Samci su više zabrinuti zbog neprimjerenosti zaštitne opreme od onih koji žive sa suprugom ili u izvanbračnoj vezi. Ključne riječi: COVID-19, stres, anksioznost, depresivnost, otpornost, religijsko suočavanje
该研究的目的是确定新冠肺炎疾病大流行期间医护人员压力、焦虑和抑郁的表达,以及预测他们在不同工作和家庭情况下的强度和压力的因素。使用DASS、RCOPE和CD-RISC-10。研究于2020年5月和6月在网上进行。135名参与者参加雪箱法。结果显示,在美国非临床样本中,压力和焦虑的频率更高,抑郁程度相似。韧性对压力、焦虑和抑郁是消极的,消极的宗教对抗对抑郁是积极的。女性的抑郁程度也低于男性。Što se tiče situacija u radnom okruženju,zdravstveni djelatnici podjednako brinu o tome je li njihova zaštitna oprema neprimjerena,hoće li imati dovoljno djelatnika na raspolaganju te hoć。一些人不太担心自己的健康以及防护设备是否得到充分使用。就家庭环境的情况而言,最令人关切的是,由于其工作,其家庭成员面临感染的风险;在自我隔离的可能性之后,他关心行为的变化,这些变化最终会影响亲密关系的质量。与患者直接接触的参与者更担心他们没有足够的工作人员,他们的健康面临风险。与新冠肺炎患者和后来被诊断为新冠肺炎的同事接触的参与者更担心他们没有足够的员工,他们的一名同事会生病。与那些与妻子或有外国关系的人相比,孤独者更担心防护设备的不可接受性。关键词:新冠肺炎、压力、焦虑、抑郁、抵抗、宗教
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引用次数: 4
Uloga dimenzija ličnosti, stilova suočavanja i netolerancije na neizvjesnost u doživljavanju osjećaja koherentnosti 人格维度、对抗风格和对无意识的不容忍在体验连贯中的作用
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21465/2020-sp-232-03
Boris Mlačić, Mihaela Ovčar
Osjećaj koherentnosti pokazao se značajnim faktorom koji doprinosi pozitivnim zdravstvenim ishodima. U prethodnim istraživanjima dimenzije ličnosti pokazale su se značajnim prediktorom osjećaja koherentnosti, a stilovi suočavanja bili su značajno povezani s osjećajem koherentnosti. Veza konstrukta netolerancije na neizvjesnost i osjećaja koherentnosti nije do sada istraživana, stoga je cilj ovog istraživanja bio ispitati prediktivni doprinos dimenzija ličnosti velepetorog modela, stilova suočavanja i netolerancije na neizvjesnost, osjećaju koherentnosti kod mladih odraslih osoba. Rezultati hijerarhijske regresijske analize pokazali su da dimenzije ličnosti iz velepetorog modela snažno doprinose objašnjenju varijance osjećaja koherentnosti, no povrh toga stilovi suočavanja i netolerancija na neizvjesnost uspjeli su dodatno objasniti varijancu kriterija. Ovo istraživanje pokazalo je da viša razina emocionalne stabilnosti, ekstraverzije, ugodnosti, savjesnosti; učestalije korištenje suočavanja usmjerenog na problem; manje često korištenje suočavanja izbjegavanjem te niža razina netolerancije na neizvjesnost značajno predviđaju snažniji osjećaj koherentnosti. Ključne riječi: osjećaj koherentnosti, dimenzije ličnosti, stilovi suočavanja, netolerancija na neizvjesnost
有助于取得积极健康成果的一个重要因素显示了连贯性。此前,人格维度研究显示,面对风格与连贯性显著相关。到目前为止,还没有研究对不确定性和连贯性的不容忍的设计,本研究的目的是检验成人模型的大小维度、对抗和对不确定性的不容忍风格、年轻人的连贯感的预测贡献。层次回归分析的结果表明,velepetoran模型的人格维度有助于解释连贯性的可变性,但最重要的是,对抗风格和对不确定性的不容忍能够解释标准的可变性。本研究表明,更多层次的情绪稳定、奢侈、愉悦、自觉;经常使用以问题为导向的挑战;回避的使用频率降低,对不确定性的不容忍程度降低,预示着连贯性更强。Ključne riječi:osjećaj koherentnosti、dimenzije ličnosti、stilovi suočavanja、netoleranija na neizvjesnost
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引用次数: 0
Prvi udžbenici iz psihologije objavljeni u Hrvatskoj u 1870-ima 19世纪70年代克罗地亚出版的第一本心理学教科书
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21465/2020-SP-232-05
K. Matešić
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引用次数: 0
Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 7. izdanje 美国心理学会出版手册,7。izdanje
Q4 Psychology Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.21465/2020-sp-231-05
V. Ružić
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引用次数: 0
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Suvremena Psihologija
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