Although it is one of the central concepts of Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT), unconditional self-acceptance has not been sufficiently empirically examined, especially not experimentally. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of unconditional self-acceptance on mental health indicators in an egoprovoking experimental situation. For a sample of 182 students, we simulated the situation of public speaking. After the simulation, participants were given previously prepared and randomly assigned positive, neutral and negative feedback. We used the Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (USAQ: Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001), Serbian Inventory of Affect based on PANAS-X (SIAB-PANAS: Novović & Mihić, 2008), Anxiety subscale (DASS-42: Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), State Depression Scale (SD: Novović, Biro & Nedimović, 2009) and Situational Attributional Style constructed for the purpose of this study (according to Peterson & Seligman, 1984). Data were collected during the winter semester 2013/2014 at the University of Novi Sad. In the case of anxiety and depression as outcome variables (posttest measures), the analysis of covariance revealed a significant three-way interaction between the level of unconditional self-acceptance, the type of feedback and the satisfaction with feedback. On the other hand, the same predictors did not influence the measures of positive and negative affect. Various expectations from the feedback, as well as the feedback, provoke a certain self-assessment. Different pattern of effects in case of different outcome variables is in accordance with REBT theory.
{"title":"Unconditional self-acceptance and mental health in ego-provoking experimental context","authors":"S. Popov, Jelena Radanovic, M. Biró","doi":"10.21465/2016-SP-191-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21465/2016-SP-191-06","url":null,"abstract":"Although it is one of the central concepts of Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy (REBT), unconditional self-acceptance has not been sufficiently empirically examined, especially not experimentally. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of unconditional self-acceptance on mental health indicators in an egoprovoking experimental situation. For a sample of 182 students, we simulated the situation of public speaking. After the simulation, participants were given previously prepared and randomly assigned positive, neutral and negative feedback. We used the Unconditional Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (USAQ: Chamberlain & Haaga, 2001), Serbian Inventory of Affect based on PANAS-X (SIAB-PANAS: Novović & Mihić, 2008), Anxiety subscale (DASS-42: Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), State Depression Scale (SD: Novović, Biro & Nedimović, 2009) and Situational Attributional Style constructed for the purpose of this study (according to Peterson & Seligman, 1984). Data were collected during the winter semester 2013/2014 at the University of Novi Sad. In the case of anxiety and depression as outcome variables (posttest measures), the analysis of covariance revealed a significant three-way interaction between the level of unconditional self-acceptance, the type of feedback and the satisfaction with feedback. On the other hand, the same predictors did not influence the measures of positive and negative affect. Various expectations from the feedback, as well as the feedback, provoke a certain self-assessment. Different pattern of effects in case of different outcome variables is in accordance with REBT theory.","PeriodicalId":35108,"journal":{"name":"Suvremena Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21465/2016-SP-191-06","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68290198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Empathy Quotient (EQ, Baron-Cohen & Wheelwright, 2004) measures empathy as an ability to identify what someone else is thinking and feeling, and to respond to their thoughts and feelings with an appropriate emotion. Although the questionnaire was developed in order to be sensitive to empathy deficits as a part of psychopathology, it is often used in other areas of psychological research as well. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the factor structure and psychometric properties of the short version of the translated Empathy Quotient (EQ-28) that has psychometric superiority over the original version (Lawrence et al., 2004). Data was collected on-line on a convenient sample (N = 115 ; 81 female and 34 male) with a mean age of 31.30 (SD = 7.49), within a larger study. The results of the principal component analysis showed a clear three-factor solution consistent with the structure proposed by Lawrence et al. (2004). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients indicated high internal consistency of the Cognitive Empathy and the Emotional Reactivity subscales, unlike the Social Skills subscale. The correlations of the EQ-28 subscales and the relevant subscales of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1983) provided information about the convergent validity of the Cognitive Empathy and the Emotional Reactivity subscales, while the correlations with measures of altruism (measured by HEXACOPI- R, Lee & Ashton, 2004) and the Dark Triad (Jones & Paulhus, 2014) showed the theoretically expected relationships between the given constructs. On the basis of the results of this preliminary study it can be concluded that the Croatian version of the EQ-28 has satisfactory metric characteristics and represents a good measure of cognitive and affective empathy, but these results should be replicated on a larger and more gender balanced sample.
同理心商数(EQ, Baron-Cohen & Wheelwright, 2004)将同理心作为一种能力来衡量，即识别他人的想法和感受，并以适当的情绪回应他们的想法和感受。虽然该问卷是为了对共情缺陷敏感而开发的，作为精神病理学的一部分，但它也经常用于心理学研究的其他领域。因此，本研究的目的是确定翻译后的移情商(EQ-28)的简短版本的因素结构和心理测量特性，该版本在心理测量上优于原始版本(Lawrence et al.， 2004)。数据在线采集方便样本(N = 115;81名女性和34名男性)，平均年龄为31.30岁(SD = 7.49)。主成分分析结果显示了一个清晰的三因素解，与Lawrence et al.(2004)提出的结构一致。Cronbach α系数显示认知共情和情绪反应分量表与社交技能分量表具有较高的内部一致性。EQ-28子量表与人际反应指数相关子量表(Davis, 1983)的相关性提供了认知共情和情绪反应子量表的收敛效度信息，而与利他主义量表(HEXACOPI- R, Lee & Ashton, 2004)和黑暗人格量表(Jones & Paulhus, 2014)的相关性显示了给定构式之间的理论预期关系。根据这项初步研究的结果，可以得出结论，克罗地亚版本的EQ-28具有令人满意的度量特征，代表了认知和情感共情的良好测量，但这些结果应该在更大、更性别平衡的样本上得到复制。
{"title":"Faktorska struktura i psihometrijske karakteristike hrvatske kratke verzije Upitnika kvocijenta empatije","authors":"Anja Wertag, Ivana Hanzec","doi":"10.21465/2016-SP-191-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21465/2016-SP-191-09","url":null,"abstract":"The Empathy Quotient (EQ, Baron-Cohen & Wheelwright, 2004) measures empathy as an ability to identify what someone else is thinking and feeling, and to respond to their thoughts and feelings with an appropriate emotion. Although the questionnaire was developed in order to be sensitive to empathy deficits as a part of psychopathology, it is often used in other areas of psychological research as well. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the factor structure and psychometric properties of the short version of the translated Empathy Quotient (EQ-28) that has psychometric superiority over the original version (Lawrence et al., 2004). Data was collected on-line on a convenient sample (N = 115 ; 81 female and 34 male) with a mean age of 31.30 (SD = 7.49), within a larger study. The results of the principal component analysis showed a clear three-factor solution consistent with the structure proposed by Lawrence et al. (2004). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients indicated high internal consistency of the Cognitive Empathy and the Emotional Reactivity subscales, unlike the Social Skills subscale. The correlations of the EQ-28 subscales and the relevant subscales of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1983) provided information about the convergent validity of the Cognitive Empathy and the Emotional Reactivity subscales, while the correlations with measures of altruism (measured by HEXACOPI- R, Lee & Ashton, 2004) and the Dark Triad (Jones & Paulhus, 2014) showed the theoretically expected relationships between the given constructs. On the basis of the results of this preliminary study it can be concluded that the Croatian version of the EQ-28 has satisfactory metric characteristics and represents a good measure of cognitive and affective empathy, but these results should be replicated on a larger and more gender balanced sample.","PeriodicalId":35108,"journal":{"name":"Suvremena Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21465/2016-SP-191-09","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68290438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efekti smjenskoga rada na dinamiku srčane aktivnosti i percepciju posla","authors":"Andrea Tokić","doi":"10.21465/2016-SP-191-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21465/2016-SP-191-05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35108,"journal":{"name":"Suvremena Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21465/2016-SP-191-05","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68289954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Artificial neural networks have a wide use in the prediction and classification of different variables, but their application in the area of educational psychology is still relatively rare. The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of artificial neural networks in predicting students’ general giftedness. The participants were 221 fourth grade students from one Croatian elementary school. The input variables for artificial neural networks were teachers’ and peers’ nominations, school grades, earlier school readiness assessment and parents’ education. The output variable was result on the Standard progressive matrices (Raven, 1994), according to which students were classified as gifted or non-gifted. We tested two artificial neural networks’ algorithms: multilayer perceptron and radial basis function. Within each algorithm, a number of different types of activation functions were tested. 80% of the sample was used for training the network and the remaining 20% was used to test the network. For a criterion according to which students were classified as gifted if their result on Standard progressive matrices was in 95th centile or above, the best model was obtained by the hyperbolic tangent multilayer perceptron, which had a high accuracy of 100% of correctly classified non-gifted students and 75% correctly classified gifted students in the test sample. When the criterion was 90th centile or above, the best model was also obtained by the hyperbolic tangent multilayer perceptron, but the accuracy was lower: 94.7% in the classification non-gifted students and 66.7% in the classification of gifted students. The study has shown artificial neural networks’ potential in this area, which should be further explored.
{"title":"The application of artificial neural networks in predicting children's giftedness","authors":"Nina Pavlin-Bernardić, Silvija Ravić, I. Matić","doi":"10.21465/2016-SP-191-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21465/2016-SP-191-04","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial neural networks have a wide use in the prediction and classification of different variables, but their application in the area of educational psychology is still relatively rare. The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of artificial neural networks in predicting students’ general giftedness. The participants were 221 fourth grade students from one Croatian elementary school. The input variables for artificial neural networks were teachers’ and peers’ nominations, school grades, earlier school readiness assessment and parents’ education. The output variable was result on the Standard progressive matrices (Raven, 1994), according to which students were classified as gifted or non-gifted. We tested two artificial neural networks’ algorithms: multilayer perceptron and radial basis function. Within each algorithm, a number of different types of activation functions were tested. 80% of the sample was used for training the network and the remaining 20% was used to test the network. For a criterion according to which students were classified as gifted if their result on Standard progressive matrices was in 95th centile or above, the best model was obtained by the hyperbolic tangent multilayer perceptron, which had a high accuracy of 100% of correctly classified non-gifted students and 75% correctly classified gifted students in the test sample. When the criterion was 90th centile or above, the best model was also obtained by the hyperbolic tangent multilayer perceptron, but the accuracy was lower: 94.7% in the classification non-gifted students and 66.7% in the classification of gifted students. The study has shown artificial neural networks’ potential in this area, which should be further explored.","PeriodicalId":35108,"journal":{"name":"Suvremena Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.21465/2016-SP-191-04","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68289916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-01-01DOI: 10.4135/9781849200462.n26
L. Stankov, S. Kleitman
{"title":"Processes on the borderline between cognitive abilities and personality: Confidence and its realism","authors":"L. Stankov, S. Kleitman","doi":"10.4135/9781849200462.n26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849200462.n26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35108,"journal":{"name":"Suvremena Psihologija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70658276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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