Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijvs.2020.10033767
Di Tan, Guangcheng Ge, Liwei Shi, Kun Yang
{"title":"Research status of electronic differential control of electric vehicle driven by in-wheel motor","authors":"Di Tan, Guangcheng Ge, Liwei Shi, Kun Yang","doi":"10.1504/ijvs.2020.10033767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvs.2020.10033767","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66693628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1504/ijvs.2020.10033783
C. Proppe, Xiaoyu Zhang
{"title":"Modelling aspects and risk analysis for road vehicles under non-stationary wind excitation","authors":"C. Proppe, Xiaoyu Zhang","doi":"10.1504/ijvs.2020.10033783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvs.2020.10033783","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66693651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-27DOI: 10.1504/ijvs.2019.10023478
Yuan-Lin Chen
This paper presents a forward collision probability evaluation based on the tired index of a driver for alerting and assisting the driver to avoid the forward collision in highway driving. From Electroencephalograph (EEG), we could figure out the Relaxed Index (RI) and Focus Index (FI) of the driver. And then a Tired Index (TI) of the driver will be found. We use the tired index of the driver, the Time-To-Collision (TTC) and Headway Time (HT) to be the factors for evaluating the forward collision probability. When we evaluate the forward collision probability indices of TTC and HT, a Mamdani fuzzy inference algorithm is presented for calculating the forward collision probability index of the vehicle. The Forward Collision Probability Index (FCPI) is easily understood for the driver even those who do not have any professional knowledge in the vehicle field. It is useful and easily understood for the presented probability index of forwarding collision for alerting the driver to avoid the forward collision when driving on the highway.
{"title":"Based on tired index of driver to evaluate a forward collision probability index","authors":"Yuan-Lin Chen","doi":"10.1504/ijvs.2019.10023478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvs.2019.10023478","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a forward collision probability evaluation based on the tired index of a driver for alerting and assisting the driver to avoid the forward collision in highway driving. From Electroencephalograph (EEG), we could figure out the Relaxed Index (RI) and Focus Index (FI) of the driver. And then a Tired Index (TI) of the driver will be found. We use the tired index of the driver, the Time-To-Collision (TTC) and Headway Time (HT) to be the factors for evaluating the forward collision probability. When we evaluate the forward collision probability indices of TTC and HT, a Mamdani fuzzy inference algorithm is presented for calculating the forward collision probability index of the vehicle. The Forward Collision Probability Index (FCPI) is easily understood for the driver even those who do not have any professional knowledge in the vehicle field. It is useful and easily understood for the presented probability index of forwarding collision for alerting the driver to avoid the forward collision when driving on the highway.","PeriodicalId":35143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46575440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-27DOI: 10.1504/ijvs.2019.10023480
Yang Chen, Andrew Peterson, Ce Zhang, M. Ahmadian
This paper investigates the lateral stability and manoeuvrability in long combination vehicles (LCVs), namely semi-trucks with 28-ft doubles, 28-ft triples, and 33-ft doubles, using TruckSim. In particular, the likelihood of rollovers, rearward amplification, and off-tracking are analysed among those LCVs using the multi-domain dynamic models developed in TruckSim. The efforts to validate the truck dynamic model against test results are also included. The simulation results show that trucks with triple trailers exhibit a larger rearward amplification, higher likelihood of rollovers, and larger off-tracking than trucks with double trailers. Additionally, the results indicate that increasing the trailer length from 28 to 33 feet does not increase the likelihood of rollovers or the rearward amplification. In fact, the longer trailers provide a slight amount of additional roll stability due to their longer wheelbase.
{"title":"A simulation-based comparative study on lateral characteristics of trucks with double and triple trailers","authors":"Yang Chen, Andrew Peterson, Ce Zhang, M. Ahmadian","doi":"10.1504/ijvs.2019.10023480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvs.2019.10023480","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the lateral stability and manoeuvrability in long combination vehicles (LCVs), namely semi-trucks with 28-ft doubles, 28-ft triples, and 33-ft doubles, using TruckSim. In particular, the likelihood of rollovers, rearward amplification, and off-tracking are analysed among those LCVs using the multi-domain dynamic models developed in TruckSim. The efforts to validate the truck dynamic model against test results are also included. The simulation results show that trucks with triple trailers exhibit a larger rearward amplification, higher likelihood of rollovers, and larger off-tracking than trucks with double trailers. Additionally, the results indicate that increasing the trailer length from 28 to 33 feet does not increase the likelihood of rollovers or the rearward amplification. In fact, the longer trailers provide a slight amount of additional roll stability due to their longer wheelbase.","PeriodicalId":35143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44288828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-27DOI: 10.1504/ijvs.2019.10023483
Biao Wu, Lin Liu, Rui Liu, Xichan Zhu
The accelerating behaviour of the driver and the relationship between the extreme acceleration and dangerous events are studied by using the naturalistic driving data. Firstly, the bivariate accelerating patterns between the longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration and velocity are proposed. Next, the univariate accelerating behaviour characteristics are achieved. Then, the extreme driving data in 0.01st density contour outer area are analysed. In the last, the driving style is studied based on the extreme acceleration data. The conclusions include: the univariate acceleration distributions approximate the Pareto distribution, which is known as the heavy tail distribution. Most of the extreme acceleration data are not dangerous events. And the majority of the dangerous events are in the high brake deceleration region, whereas high lateral acceleration does not have apparent relationship with the dangerous event. Aggressive drivers account for most of the extreme acceleration data, and they are more likely to be in danger.
{"title":"Accelerating behaviour of the driver and acceleration characteristics of the dangerous event","authors":"Biao Wu, Lin Liu, Rui Liu, Xichan Zhu","doi":"10.1504/ijvs.2019.10023483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvs.2019.10023483","url":null,"abstract":"The accelerating behaviour of the driver and the relationship between the extreme acceleration and dangerous events are studied by using the naturalistic driving data. Firstly, the bivariate accelerating patterns between the longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration and velocity are proposed. Next, the univariate accelerating behaviour characteristics are achieved. Then, the extreme driving data in 0.01st density contour outer area are analysed. In the last, the driving style is studied based on the extreme acceleration data. The conclusions include: the univariate acceleration distributions approximate the Pareto distribution, which is known as the heavy tail distribution. Most of the extreme acceleration data are not dangerous events. And the majority of the dangerous events are in the high brake deceleration region, whereas high lateral acceleration does not have apparent relationship with the dangerous event. Aggressive drivers account for most of the extreme acceleration data, and they are more likely to be in danger.","PeriodicalId":35143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44021868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-27DOI: 10.1504/ijvs.2019.10023479
Yingjie Liu, Dawei Cui
A path planning problem for inverse vehicle handling dynamics is considered. The objective is to devise a path tracking controller under the condition that a vehicle travels along a prescribed path to generate an expected trajectory. Aiming at this purpose, a tyre model and optimal preview time are established firstly. And then a path tracking controller based on Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) method is designed and calculation for the path tracking problem is simulated with a joint simulation of Carsim/Simulink. Finally, a real-vehicle test is executed to verify the rationality of the path tracking controller. The results show that the minimum lateral position error between the generated trajectory and the prescribed path can be a good indicator of successful solving of the path tracking problem in inverse vehicle handling dynamics for LQR method. The study can help drivers easily identify safe lane-keeping trajectories and area.
{"title":"Path tracking control for inverse vehicle handling dynamics","authors":"Yingjie Liu, Dawei Cui","doi":"10.1504/ijvs.2019.10023479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvs.2019.10023479","url":null,"abstract":"A path planning problem for inverse vehicle handling dynamics is considered. The objective is to devise a path tracking controller under the condition that a vehicle travels along a prescribed path to generate an expected trajectory. Aiming at this purpose, a tyre model and optimal preview time are established firstly. And then a path tracking controller based on Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) method is designed and calculation for the path tracking problem is simulated with a joint simulation of Carsim/Simulink. Finally, a real-vehicle test is executed to verify the rationality of the path tracking controller. The results show that the minimum lateral position error between the generated trajectory and the prescribed path can be a good indicator of successful solving of the path tracking problem in inverse vehicle handling dynamics for LQR method. The study can help drivers easily identify safe lane-keeping trajectories and area.","PeriodicalId":35143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42571326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-27DOI: 10.1504/ijvs.2019.10023482
Syed Imam, Hwai Chang Wu, King H. Yang, S. Barbat
Most of the applied vehicle side-impact occupant protection research to date has concentrated on near-side occupants. Currently, no regulation exists in North America for the far-side occupant protection. Real-world crash data has shown that occupants seated on the non-struck side, defined as 'far-side' occupants, are still subjected to a risk of injuries. The objective of this study is to investigate body responses for the far-side occupant using current US side impact protocols. Current side impact protocol in the USA is designed to meet side Moving Deformable Barrier (MDB) and fixed oblique pole impact. Two seating cases are addressed; the first case consisted of a far-side occupant in the first row (single occupant) to evaluate the interaction of the occupant to the structure. The second case, a near-side occupant, was added to the far-side occupant (two occupants in a row) to study the interaction of the occupant-to-occupant. A finite element human body model (50th male) was used as a far-side and near-side occupant. Simulation results indicated that the LINCAP barrier could potentially produce the significant head rotational acceleration and thoracic rib deflection if the far-side occupant was included in the existing near-side crash protocols.
{"title":"Far-side occupant responses based on current US side-impact protocol using finite element human body models","authors":"Syed Imam, Hwai Chang Wu, King H. Yang, S. Barbat","doi":"10.1504/ijvs.2019.10023482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/ijvs.2019.10023482","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the applied vehicle side-impact occupant protection research to date has concentrated on near-side occupants. Currently, no regulation exists in North America for the far-side occupant protection. Real-world crash data has shown that occupants seated on the non-struck side, defined as 'far-side' occupants, are still subjected to a risk of injuries. The objective of this study is to investigate body responses for the far-side occupant using current US side impact protocols. Current side impact protocol in the USA is designed to meet side Moving Deformable Barrier (MDB) and fixed oblique pole impact. Two seating cases are addressed; the first case consisted of a far-side occupant in the first row (single occupant) to evaluate the interaction of the occupant to the structure. The second case, a near-side occupant, was added to the far-side occupant (two occupants in a row) to study the interaction of the occupant-to-occupant. A finite element human body model (50th male) was used as a far-side and near-side occupant. Simulation results indicated that the LINCAP barrier could potentially produce the significant head rotational acceleration and thoracic rib deflection if the far-side occupant was included in the existing near-side crash protocols.","PeriodicalId":35143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49633779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-26DOI: 10.1504/IJVS.2019.101304
Chen Chen, Fei Xiong, F. Lan, Songsong Kuang
In order to accurately simulate the crush process of power battery pack, ductility failure criterion was introduced. The ductility failure parameters of aluminium alloy materials were obtained by tensile test of aluminium alloy samples under different stress triaxialities and finite element simulation. To evaluate the crush resistance of profiles, the concept of specific crush force was proposed, the crush resistance of different sections of extruded aluminium profiles were compared, and the relationship between the angle and thickness of the reinforcement and crush force was summarised. The result shows that the form and thickness of the reinforcement have a great influence on the crush resistance of the section. The research provides a quantitative reference for the form of the stiffeners of aluminium section in the concept phase of power battery packs design.
{"title":"Crush simulation and optimisation study of power battery pack","authors":"Chen Chen, Fei Xiong, F. Lan, Songsong Kuang","doi":"10.1504/IJVS.2019.101304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJVS.2019.101304","url":null,"abstract":"In order to accurately simulate the crush process of power battery pack, ductility failure criterion was introduced. The ductility failure parameters of aluminium alloy materials were obtained by tensile test of aluminium alloy samples under different stress triaxialities and finite element simulation. To evaluate the crush resistance of profiles, the concept of specific crush force was proposed, the crush resistance of different sections of extruded aluminium profiles were compared, and the relationship between the angle and thickness of the reinforcement and crush force was summarised. The result shows that the form and thickness of the reinforcement have a great influence on the crush resistance of the section. The research provides a quantitative reference for the form of the stiffeners of aluminium section in the concept phase of power battery packs design.","PeriodicalId":35143,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Vehicle Safety","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1504/IJVS.2019.101304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41741871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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