Pub Date : 2023-05-15eCollection Date: 2023-01-01DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v19-e230419-2022-53
Goce Kalcev, Alessandra Scano, Germano Orrù, Diego Primavera, Giulia Cossu, Antonio Egidio Nardi, Mauro Giovanni Carta
Objective: The objective is to verify whether a genetic condition associated with bipolar disorder (BD) is frequent in old adults adapted to their environment, without BD, but with aptitudes for hyperactivity and novelty seeking (H/NS).
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the study sample included healthy elderly people (40 participants, aged 60 or older) living in an urban area and recruited from a previous study on physical exercise and active aging, who were compared with 21 old adults with BD from the same area. The genetic methodology consisted of blood sampling, DNA extraction, real-time PCR jointly with FRET probes, and the SANGER sequencing method. The genetic variant RS1006737 of CACNA1C, found to be associated with bipolar disorder diagnosis, was investigated.
Results: The frequency of the RS1006737 genetic variant in the study group (H/NS) is not higher than in the BD group and is statistically significantly higher than in all the control groups found in the literature. However, the familiarity for BD is higher in old adults with BD than in the H/NS sample without BD. The risk of BD in the family (also considering those without BD but with family members with BD) is not associated with the presence of the genetic variant examined.
Conclusion: The study suggests that the gene examined is associated with characteristics of hyperactivity rather than just BD. Nevertheless, choosing to participate in an exercise program is an excessively general way to identify H/NS. The next step would be to identify the old adults with well-defined H/NS features with an adequate tool.
{"title":"Is a Genetic Variant associated with Bipolar Disorder Frequent in People without Bipolar Disorder but with Characteristics of Hyperactivity and Novelty Seeking?","authors":"Goce Kalcev, Alessandra Scano, Germano Orrù, Diego Primavera, Giulia Cossu, Antonio Egidio Nardi, Mauro Giovanni Carta","doi":"10.2174/17450179-v19-e230419-2022-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/17450179-v19-e230419-2022-53","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective is to verify whether a genetic condition associated with bipolar disorder (BD) is frequent in old adults adapted to their environment, without BD, but with aptitudes for hyperactivity and novelty seeking (H/NS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, the study sample included healthy elderly people (40 participants, aged 60 or older) living in an urban area and recruited from a previous study on physical exercise and active aging, who were compared with 21 old adults with BD from the same area. The genetic methodology consisted of blood sampling, DNA extraction, real-time PCR jointly with FRET probes, and the SANGER sequencing method. The genetic variant RS1006737 of CACNA1C, found to be associated with bipolar disorder diagnosis, was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequency of the RS1006737 genetic variant in the study group (H/NS) is not higher than in the BD group and is statistically significantly higher than in all the control groups found in the literature. However, the familiarity for BD is higher in old adults with BD than in the H/NS sample without BD. The risk of BD in the family (also considering those without BD but with family members with BD) is not associated with the presence of the genetic variant examined.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study suggests that the gene examined is associated with characteristics of hyperactivity rather than just BD. Nevertheless, choosing to participate in an exercise program is an excessively general way to identify H/NS. The next step would be to identify the old adults with well-defined H/NS features with an adequate tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"e174501792303280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10351339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71427515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/objective: There is little research on the effectiveness of new approaches to psychology, including mindfulness-acceptance-commitment, especially in team disciplines. Therefore, this study compared mindfulness-acceptance and commitment-based approaches to rumination, cognitive flexibility, and sports performance of elite beach soccer players during a two-month follow-up.
Methods: The research design consisted of a randomized controlled trial (RCT), with follow-up. Thus, 34 players of the premier league of beach soccer were randomly divided into intervention and control groups based on mindfulness acceptance and commitment. The experimental group exercises consisted of one session per week for 7 weeks and daily homework. Participants filled out the questionnaires of the Ruminative Response Scale, Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, and Sports Performance Questionnaire before, after, and at two months of follow-up of the intervention.
Results: Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures were used to evaluate the changes over time and compare the scores of the subjects of the two groups. The results showed a significant difference in mindfulness-acceptance and commitment intervention in the experimental group on pre- vs. post-test and pre-test vs. follow-up scores of research variables. Also, a comparison of groups using independent T-test analysis showed a significant effect of mindfulness-acceptance and commitment exercises on research variables in the experimental group in the post-test and follow-up stages.
Conclusion: Findings suggest that mindfulness, commitment, and acceptance exercises can be used as a new method to reduce rumination and increase cognitive flexibility and sports performance of elite beach soccer players.
{"title":"Effectiveness of Mindfulness-acceptance-commitment based approach for Rumination, Cognitive Flexibility and Sports Performance of Elite Players of Beach Soccer: A Randomized Controlled Trial with 2-months Follow-up.","authors":"Fatemeh Sabzevari, Hossein Samadi, Farahnaz Ayatizadeh, Sergio Machado","doi":"10.2174/17450179-v19-e230419-2022-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/17450179-v19-e230419-2022-33","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objective: </strong>There is little research on the effectiveness of new approaches to psychology, including mindfulness-acceptance-commitment, especially in team disciplines. Therefore, this study compared mindfulness-acceptance and commitment-based approaches to rumination, cognitive flexibility, and sports performance of elite beach soccer players during a two-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research design consisted of a randomized controlled trial (RCT), with follow-up. Thus, 34 players of the premier league of beach soccer were randomly divided into intervention and control groups based on mindfulness acceptance and commitment. The experimental group exercises consisted of one session per week for 7 weeks and daily homework. Participants filled out the questionnaires of the Ruminative Response Scale, Cognitive Flexibility Inventory, and Sports Performance Questionnaire before, after, and at two months of follow-up of the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures were used to evaluate the changes over time and compare the scores of the subjects of the two groups. The results showed a significant difference in mindfulness-acceptance and commitment intervention in the experimental group on pre- <i>vs.</i> post-test and pre-test <i>vs.</i> follow-up scores of research variables. Also, a comparison of groups using independent T-test analysis showed a significant effect of mindfulness-acceptance and commitment exercises on research variables in the experimental group in the post-test and follow-up stages.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings suggest that mindfulness, commitment, and acceptance exercises can be used as a new method to reduce rumination and increase cognitive flexibility and sports performance of elite beach soccer players.</p>","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"e174501792303282"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10487324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71427513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12eCollection Date: 2023-01-01DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v19-e230419-2022-50
Goce Kalcev, Giulia Cossu, Antonio Preti, Maria Teresa Littera, Stèphanie Frau, Diego Primavera, Rosanna Zaccheddu, Veronica Matza, Marta Ermellino, Elisa Pintus, Mauro G Carta
Objective: This paper illustrates the preliminary psychometric properties of the Questionnaire for Adaptive Hyperactivity and Goal Achievement (AHGA), aimed at measuring adaptive characteristics of hyperactivity and goal pursuit in older adults.
Methods: The 12-item scale was administered to a sample of 120 subjects (older adults) between February 2022 and June 2022. The reliability of AHGA was measured using Cronbach's alpha, and factor structure was established using parallel analysis (PA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Convergent validity was tested against the Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN).
Results: All included subjects have an average age of 74.1±5.1 years. AHGA reliability was good (Cronbach's alpha: 0.713 [95%CI: 0.630 to 0.783]). Factor analysis suggested two main components: goal achievement and hyperactivity, which explained 41% of the variance in the data. The results support the convergent validity of the scale: AHGA measures adaptive characteristics of hyperactivity and goal pursuit, in contrast to BRIAN, which measures pathological characteristics.
Conclusion: The reported findings represent an innovative approach to hyperthymic features by embracing a broader spectrum concept that conceptualizes the potential transition between pathological and adaptive aspects as a continuum.
{"title":"Development and Validation of the Questionnaire for Adaptive Hyperactivity and Goal Achievement (AHGA).","authors":"Goce Kalcev, Giulia Cossu, Antonio Preti, Maria Teresa Littera, Stèphanie Frau, Diego Primavera, Rosanna Zaccheddu, Veronica Matza, Marta Ermellino, Elisa Pintus, Mauro G Carta","doi":"10.2174/17450179-v19-e230419-2022-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/17450179-v19-e230419-2022-50","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This paper illustrates the preliminary psychometric properties of the Questionnaire for Adaptive Hyperactivity and Goal Achievement (AHGA), aimed at measuring adaptive characteristics of hyperactivity and goal pursuit in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 12-item scale was administered to a sample of 120 subjects (older adults) between February 2022 and June 2022. The reliability of AHGA was measured using Cronbach's alpha, and factor structure was established using parallel analysis (PA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Convergent validity was tested against the Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All included subjects have an average age of 74.1±5.1 years. AHGA reliability was good (Cronbach's alpha: 0.713 [95%CI: 0.630 to 0.783]). Factor analysis suggested two main components: goal achievement and hyperactivity, which explained 41% of the variance in the data. The results support the convergent validity of the scale: AHGA measures adaptive characteristics of hyperactivity and goal pursuit, in contrast to BRIAN, which measures pathological characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The reported findings represent an innovative approach to hyperthymic features by embracing a broader spectrum concept that conceptualizes the potential transition between pathological and adaptive aspects as a continuum.</p>","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"e174501792303281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10351347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71427511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v19-e230403-2022-29
T. Akter, M. Haque, Md Zobaer Hasan, Faisal Muhammad, Sharmin Sultana, M. G. D. Harun, Md. Shahinuzzaman, Syeda Humayra, Md. Monirul Islam, Sabina Sharmin, Alauddin Chowdhury Abm
Gender Based Violence (GBV) represents a severe violation of women's human rights beyond geographical, cultural, religious, social, and economic aspects. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of GBV, its association with mental health status, and familial and social determinants among the higher socio-economic married working women in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to November 2019 among the higher socio-economic married women working in Dhaka. To reach the targeted participants, five hundred sixty participants were recruited using multistage sampling. Women with a minimum graduate degree, monthly income >35000, and working outside were included in this study. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data through a face-to-face interview. Mental health status was measured by 20 items on the CES-D scale. Descriptive statistics and bivariate (unadjusted) and multivariate (adjusted) logistic regression were used to explore the determinants and mental health status. The mean age of participants was 35.7 ± 4.8 years. Around 13.6% of women faced GBV. The age, marriage duration, family type, monthly income, parental status, number of children, and education level showed a significant association with GBV. The binary logistic regression model found that the status of mental health was strongly significant in both unadjusted and adjusted models, OR (95% CI) =2.589 (1.577-4.252) and 4.542 (2.362-8.734). Participation in the family's decision-making process was strongly associated with GBV OR (95% CI) = 4.529 (2.332- 8.796). The attitude of the husband or in-laws was strongly significant in both unadjusted OR (95% CI) = 10.605 (4.988 - 22.548) and adjusted models 5.972 (1.836-19.421). Having a good understanding of the husband was strongly significant in two models, OR (95% CI) = 27.383 (13.568 -55.263) and 17.553 (6.160 -50.018). The odds of GBV, if any family members are suffering from chronic disease, were around six-fold higher among married working women in the unadjusted model OR (95% CI) =5.935 (2.791 - 12.623) and almost eight-fold higher in adjusted model 7.679 (2.293 -25.719). Time for attending social obligation was strongly significant in both unadjusted OR (95% CI)= 11.633 (5.239 -25.832) and adjusted model 24.402 (7.511 -79.277). The GBV prevalence was comparatively low, and it was found to be related to working women with higher socio-economic status. This issue should not be neglected as it impedes the empowerment of women, which is a global concern and developmental plan. Hence, there is a need to formulate better policies and programs to attain a gender-based, violence-free society.
{"title":"The Association of Gender Based Violence (GBV) with Familial and Social Determinants and Mental Health Status of Bengali Married Working Women: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"T. Akter, M. Haque, Md Zobaer Hasan, Faisal Muhammad, Sharmin Sultana, M. G. D. Harun, Md. Shahinuzzaman, Syeda Humayra, Md. Monirul Islam, Sabina Sharmin, Alauddin Chowdhury Abm","doi":"10.2174/17450179-v19-e230403-2022-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/17450179-v19-e230403-2022-29","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Gender Based Violence (GBV) represents a severe violation of women's human rights beyond geographical, cultural, religious, social, and economic aspects. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of GBV, its association with mental health status, and familial and social determinants among the higher socio-economic married working women in Bangladesh.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to November 2019 among the higher socio-economic married women working in Dhaka. To reach the targeted participants, five hundred sixty participants were recruited using multistage sampling. Women with a minimum graduate degree, monthly income >35000, and working outside were included in this study. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data through a face-to-face interview. Mental health status was measured by 20 items on the CES-D scale. Descriptive statistics and bivariate (unadjusted) and multivariate (adjusted) logistic regression were used to explore the determinants and mental health status.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The mean age of participants was 35.7 ± 4.8 years. Around 13.6% of women faced GBV. The age, marriage duration, family type, monthly income, parental status, number of children, and education level showed a significant association with GBV. The binary logistic regression model found that the status of mental health was strongly significant in both unadjusted and adjusted models, OR (95% CI) =2.589 (1.577-4.252) and 4.542 (2.362-8.734). Participation in the family's decision-making process was strongly associated with GBV OR (95% CI) = 4.529 (2.332- 8.796). The attitude of the husband or in-laws was strongly significant in both unadjusted OR (95% CI) = 10.605 (4.988 - 22.548) and adjusted models 5.972 (1.836-19.421). Having a good understanding of the husband was strongly significant in two models, OR (95% CI) = 27.383 (13.568 -55.263) and 17.553 (6.160 -50.018). The odds of GBV, if any family members are suffering from chronic disease, were around six-fold higher among married working women in the unadjusted model OR (95% CI) =5.935 (2.791 - 12.623) and almost eight-fold higher in adjusted model 7.679 (2.293 -25.719). Time for attending social obligation was strongly significant in both unadjusted OR (95% CI)= 11.633 (5.239 -25.832) and adjusted model 24.402 (7.511 -79.277).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The GBV prevalence was comparatively low, and it was found to be related to working women with higher socio-economic status. This issue should not be neglected as it impedes the empowerment of women, which is a global concern and developmental plan. Hence, there is a need to formulate better policies and programs to attain a gender-based, violence-free society.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75596493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This research aimed to develop and investigate the effects of a life skills enhancement program on the life skills and risk behaviors of social media addiction in early adolescence.
Methods: This research used a quasi-experimental design for a controlled study with a pre-test and post-test that collected data through a general information questionnaire, Social Media Addiction Screening Scale: S-MASS, and a life skills test. There were 48 samples recruited by purposive sampling from 5 schools in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The life skills enhancement program was developed under the theory of cognitive and behavioral therapy in combination with group therapy or occupational therapy. The program had a total of 10 sessions, with 1 session per week for 60 minutes and 10 weeks in total.
Results: For the results, a statistically significant difference in post-test SMASS scores between the control and experimental group was found (p<0.01). Moreover, a statistically significant difference in the experimental group between pre-test and post-test using S-MASS scores decreased significantly after participating in the program but not in the control group. This result is similar to the comparative data of life skills scores that revealed there was a statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test only in the experimental group. For the comparative data between the control and experimental group, however, there were no statistically significant differences in pre-test and post-test life skills scores between the two groups.
Conclusion: From the results, it can be summarized that the life skills enhancement program had affected an increase in life skills and a decrease in risky social media usage among adolescents.
{"title":"Effects of a Life Skills Enhancement Program on the Life Skills and Risk Behaviors of Social Media Addiction in Early Adolescence.","authors":"Jedbordin Kumkronglek, Pornpen Sirisatayawong, Supat Chupradit","doi":"10.2174/17450179-v19-e230113-2022-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/17450179-v19-e230113-2022-26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research aimed to develop and investigate the effects of a life skills enhancement program on the life skills and risk behaviors of social media addiction in early adolescence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research used a quasi-experimental design for a controlled study with a pre-test and post-test that collected data through a general information questionnaire, Social Media Addiction Screening Scale: S-MASS, and a life skills test. There were 48 samples recruited by purposive sampling from 5 schools in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The life skills enhancement program was developed under the theory of cognitive and behavioral therapy in combination with group therapy or occupational therapy. The program had a total of 10 sessions, with 1 session per week for 60 minutes and 10 weeks in total.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the results, a statistically significant difference in post-test SMASS scores between the control and experimental group was found (p<0.01). Moreover, a statistically significant difference in the experimental group between pre-test and post-test using S-MASS scores decreased significantly after participating in the program but not in the control group. This result is similar to the comparative data of life skills scores that revealed there was a statistically significant difference between the pre-test and post-test only in the experimental group. For the comparative data between the control and experimental group, however, there were no statistically significant differences in pre-test and post-test life skills scores between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From the results, it can be summarized that the life skills enhancement program had affected an increase in life skills and a decrease in risky social media usage among adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"19 ","pages":"e174501792301110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10351340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71427514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-15DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v19-e230215-2022-24
I. Rammouz, M. Nakajima, S. Boujraf, R. Aalouane, A. Lemieux, M. al’Absi
Evidence indicates sex differences in stress response and mental health challenges. Psychobiological research of early symptoms of psychopathology has suggested that cortisol, as a marker of stress, is positively associated with depressive mood and anxiety in adolescents. To date, no study has examined sex differences in the relationships between cortisol levels and negative mood among Moroccan youth. A total of 332 Moroccan secondary students (171 female) aged 11 to 20 completed a range of psychological measures and provided two morning saliva samples across atwo-hour period. We hypothesized that females would show greater levels of depression and anxiety symptoms than males. We also anticipated positive relationships between cortisol and those symptoms. The results demonstrated the expected cortisol morning decline due to the diurnal pattern. Higher anxiety (p < .001), higher depressive mood (p < .001), and more clinically relevant depression were found in the females (47.7%) than the males (22.5%; p < .001). In addition, anxiety (p < .05) was positively associated with later morning cortisol in females but not males. Our results demonstrated sex differences in depressive mood among youth and the feasibility of psychobiological stress research in Morocco. More research is needed to identify sex-specific factors of depression and anxiety. Such effort would inform strategies to tailor treatment programs for females and males.
{"title":"The Sex Differences in Cortisol Concentrations, Anxiety, and Depressive Mood In Moroccan Youth","authors":"I. Rammouz, M. Nakajima, S. Boujraf, R. Aalouane, A. Lemieux, M. al’Absi","doi":"10.2174/17450179-v19-e230215-2022-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/17450179-v19-e230215-2022-24","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Evidence indicates sex differences in stress response and mental health challenges. Psychobiological research of early symptoms of psychopathology has suggested that cortisol, as a marker of stress, is positively associated with depressive mood and anxiety in adolescents. To date, no study has examined sex differences in the relationships between cortisol levels and negative mood among Moroccan youth.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of 332 Moroccan secondary students (171 female) aged 11 to 20 completed a range of psychological measures and provided two morning saliva samples across atwo-hour period. We hypothesized that females would show greater levels of depression and anxiety symptoms than males. We also anticipated positive relationships between cortisol and those symptoms.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The results demonstrated the expected cortisol morning decline due to the diurnal pattern. Higher anxiety (p < .001), higher depressive mood (p < .001), and more clinically relevant depression were found in the females (47.7%) than the males (22.5%; p < .001). In addition, anxiety (p < .05) was positively associated with later morning cortisol in females but not males.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our results demonstrated sex differences in depressive mood among youth and the feasibility of psychobiological stress research in Morocco. More research is needed to identify sex-specific factors of depression and anxiety. Such effort would inform strategies to tailor treatment programs for females and males.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84938257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-05DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v17-e211208-2021-ht2-1910-4
Olga Mulas, Ilaria Pili, Marco Sanna, Giorgio La Nasa
Background: β-Thalassemia major (β-TM) represents one of the most important hemoglobinopathies worldwide. Remarkable improvements have been achieved in supportive therapy based on blood transfusions and iron chelation, and nowadays, this approach is capable of assuring a long life in these patients in industrialized countries. The only curative treatment is represented by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, this treatment may be burdened by deterioration in the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). This paper aimed to evaluate the role of HRQoL in transplanted β-TM patients with a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed database, Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched for studies published between January 1st, 2000 to September 2020. The following terms were entered in the database queries: β-thalassemia, HRQoL, and HSCT. The study was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. Results: We identified a total of 33 potential studies. Among these, 10 were finally considered in the systematic review and 5 in the meta-analysis. Overall, good scores in the principal domains of HRQoL were reported by transplanted patients. These data were confirmed by results of meta-analysis that showed significant difference between transplanted and β-TM patients treated with conventional therapy in the physical and emotional dimension, with a medium effect size [d=0.65, 95% CI (0.29-1.02), z = 3.52, p =0.0004, I 2 =75%; and d=0.59, 95% CI (0.43-0.76), z = 6.99, p <0.00001, I 2 =0%, respectively]. Conclusion: HRQoL is generally good in β-TM transplanted patients and may significantly contribute in deciding whether or not to transplant a β-TM patient treated with conventional therapy.
背景:β-地中海贫血(β-TM)是世界上最重要的血红蛋白病之一。以输血和铁螯合为基础的支持治疗取得了显著的进步，如今，这种方法能够确保工业化国家这些患者的长寿。唯一的治愈方法是造血干细胞移植(HSCT)。然而，这种治疗可能会因健康相关生活质量(HRQoL)的恶化而负担过重。本文旨在通过系统综述和荟萃分析来评价HRQoL在移植β-TM患者中的作用。方法:系统检索2000年1月1日至2020年9月期间发表的PubMed数据库、Web of Science和Scopus。在数据库查询中输入以下术语:β-地中海贫血、HRQoL和HSCT。本研究按照系统和荟萃分析首选报告项目(PRISMA)声明进行。结果:我们共确定了33项潜在的研究。其中10个最终纳入系统评价，5个纳入meta分析。总的来说，移植患者在HRQoL的主要领域获得了良好的评分。meta分析结果证实了这些数据，移植β-TM患者与常规治疗的β-TM患者在身体和情绪方面存在显著差异，效应量中等[d=0.65, 95% CI (0.29-1.02)， z = 3.52, p =0.0004, I 2 =75%;d=0.59, 95% CI (0.43-0.76)， z = 6.99, p <0.00001, i2 =0%]。结论:β-TM移植患者的HRQoL普遍较好，可能是决定β-TM移植患者是否接受常规治疗的重要因素。
{"title":"Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with β-Thalassemia that Underwent Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation","authors":"Olga Mulas, Ilaria Pili, Marco Sanna, Giorgio La Nasa","doi":"10.2174/17450179-v17-e211208-2021-ht2-1910-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/17450179-v17-e211208-2021-ht2-1910-4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: β-Thalassemia major (β-TM) represents one of the most important hemoglobinopathies worldwide. Remarkable improvements have been achieved in supportive therapy based on blood transfusions and iron chelation, and nowadays, this approach is capable of assuring a long life in these patients in industrialized countries. The only curative treatment is represented by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, this treatment may be burdened by deterioration in the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). This paper aimed to evaluate the role of HRQoL in transplanted β-TM patients with a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed database, Web of Science, and Scopus were systematically searched for studies published between January 1st, 2000 to September 2020. The following terms were entered in the database queries: β-thalassemia, HRQoL, and HSCT. The study was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. Results: We identified a total of 33 potential studies. Among these, 10 were finally considered in the systematic review and 5 in the meta-analysis. Overall, good scores in the principal domains of HRQoL were reported by transplanted patients. These data were confirmed by results of meta-analysis that showed significant difference between transplanted and β-TM patients treated with conventional therapy in the physical and emotional dimension, with a medium effect size [d=0.65, 95% CI (0.29-1.02), z = 3.52, p =0.0004, I 2 =75%; and d=0.59, 95% CI (0.43-0.76), z = 6.99, p <0.00001, I 2 =0%, respectively]. Conclusion: HRQoL is generally good in β-TM transplanted patients and may significantly contribute in deciding whether or not to transplant a β-TM patient treated with conventional therapy.","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"256 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135323989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-05DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v17-e211118-2021-ht2-1910-12
Antonio E. Nardi, Federica Sancassiani, Vanessa Barrui, Goce Kalcev, Veronica Uras, Giulia Meloni, Luigi Marongiu, Giorgio Tamburini, Alberto Maleci, Laiana A. Quagliato, Giorgio La Nasa, Mauro Giovanni Carta
Background: The era of establishing tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) changed the outcome and the course of this life-threatening malignancy. People suffering from CML have now a better prognosis and a longer life expectancy due to the development of TKIs, even if it requires long-term, often lifelong, treatments that are nonetheless associated with improved Health-related Quality of life (HRQoL). However, data on the effects of TKIs on HRQoL are not always systematic; sometimes the data have been obtained by studies different from RCTs, or without a clear definition of what HRQoL is. The main purpose of this systematic review is to summarize all randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) including HRQoL as main or secondary outcome in patients with CML treated with TKIs or with TKIs plus an add-on treatment. Methods: A systematic review has been conducted by searching the relevant papers in PubMed/Medline and Web of Science with the following keywords: “quality of life” OR “health-related quality of life” OR “QoL” OR “HRQoL” OR “H-QoL” AND “chronic myeloid leukemia”. Interval was set from January 2000 to December 2020. Results: 40 papers were identified through the search. Out of them, 7 RCTs were included. All the studies used standardized measures to assess HRQoL, even not always specific for CML. 5 RCTs randomized subjects to 2 or 3 arms to evaluate the effects of TKIs of the first, second and third generation in monotherapy. 2 RCTs randomized subjects to TKI therapy plus an add-on treatment versus TKI therapy as usual. The results of all these trials were examined and discussed. Conclusion: All the included RCTs pointed out significant findings regarding the positive effects of TKIs on HRQoL of people with CML, both when they were used in monotherapy or, notably, with an add-on treatment to enhance TKIs effects.
背景:建立酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKIs)治疗慢性髓性白血病(CML)的时代改变了这种危及生命的恶性肿瘤的结局和病程。由于tki的发展，患有CML的人现在有更好的预后和更长的预期寿命，即使它需要长期的，通常是终身的治疗，但与健康相关的生活质量(HRQoL)的改善有关。然而，tki对HRQoL影响的数据并不总是系统性的;有时数据是通过与随机对照试验不同的研究获得的，或者没有明确定义HRQoL是什么。本系统综述的主要目的是总结所有随机对照试验(RCTs)，包括HRQoL作为CML患者接受TKIs治疗或TKIs加附加治疗的主要或次要结局。方法:以“生活质量”或“健康相关生活质量”或“QoL”或“HRQoL”或“H-QoL”和“慢性髓系白血病”为关键词，在PubMed/Medline和Web of Science中检索相关论文进行系统综述。时间间隔为2000年1月至2020年12月。结果:共检索到40篇论文。其中纳入7项随机对照试验。所有的研究都使用标准化的方法来评估HRQoL，即使并不总是针对CML。5项随机对照试验将受试者随机分为2或3组，以评估第一代、第二代和第三代TKIs在单药治疗中的效果。2项随机对照试验将受试者随机分为TKI治疗加附加治疗组和常规TKI治疗组。对所有这些试验的结果进行了检验和讨论。结论:所有纳入的随机对照试验都指出了TKIs对CML患者HRQoL的积极作用的显著发现，无论是在单一治疗中使用，还是在附加治疗中使用以增强TKIs的作用。
{"title":"The Effects of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) in Monotherapy and with Add-on Treatments on Health-related Quality of Life of People with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Systematic Review of Randomized-Controlled Trials","authors":"Antonio E. Nardi, Federica Sancassiani, Vanessa Barrui, Goce Kalcev, Veronica Uras, Giulia Meloni, Luigi Marongiu, Giorgio Tamburini, Alberto Maleci, Laiana A. Quagliato, Giorgio La Nasa, Mauro Giovanni Carta","doi":"10.2174/17450179-v17-e211118-2021-ht2-1910-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/17450179-v17-e211118-2021-ht2-1910-12","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The era of establishing tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) changed the outcome and the course of this life-threatening malignancy. People suffering from CML have now a better prognosis and a longer life expectancy due to the development of TKIs, even if it requires long-term, often lifelong, treatments that are nonetheless associated with improved Health-related Quality of life (HRQoL). However, data on the effects of TKIs on HRQoL are not always systematic; sometimes the data have been obtained by studies different from RCTs, or without a clear definition of what HRQoL is. The main purpose of this systematic review is to summarize all randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) including HRQoL as main or secondary outcome in patients with CML treated with TKIs or with TKIs plus an add-on treatment. Methods: A systematic review has been conducted by searching the relevant papers in PubMed/Medline and Web of Science with the following keywords: “quality of life” OR “health-related quality of life” OR “QoL” OR “HRQoL” OR “H-QoL” AND “chronic myeloid leukemia”. Interval was set from January 2000 to December 2020. Results: 40 papers were identified through the search. Out of them, 7 RCTs were included. All the studies used standardized measures to assess HRQoL, even not always specific for CML. 5 RCTs randomized subjects to 2 or 3 arms to evaluate the effects of TKIs of the first, second and third generation in monotherapy. 2 RCTs randomized subjects to TKI therapy plus an add-on treatment versus TKI therapy as usual. The results of all these trials were examined and discussed. Conclusion: All the included RCTs pointed out significant findings regarding the positive effects of TKIs on HRQoL of people with CML, both when they were used in monotherapy or, notably, with an add-on treatment to enhance TKIs effects.","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135368715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.2174/1745017902117010331
L. Mineo, A. Rodolico, C. Concerto, A. Natale, Manuela Pennisi, M. Tusconi, A. Aguglia, A. Amerio, G. Serafini, M. Amore, E. Aguglia
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (5th edition) introduced the specifier “with Mixed Features” to the diagnosis of Major Depressive Episode to designate the presence of (hypo) manic symptoms as part of the clinical presentation. This change has led to renewed attention on the operational definition, diagnosis, and treatment of Mixed Depression. To investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches towards Mixed Depression among a representative sample of Italian psychiatrists. Between March and April 2021, 342 psychiatrists working in Italian adult mental health services were invited to participate in an anonymous online survey comprising 32 questions designed to investigate clinical and psychopathological approaches regarding the management of mixed depression in daily psychiatric practice. 83.74% of participants reported having performed a diagnosis of mixed depression in the last five years, with the majority of respondents affirming that they had not used any diagnostic tool. Only 7,5% of the surveyed psychiatrists considered the DSM-5 criteria to be fully adequate in the description of this clinical entity. The most used pharmacological approach was combined therapy, in particular antipsychotics plus mood stabilizers. For monotherapy, the preferred drugs were Valproate and Quetiapine. Regarding the conceptualization of mood disorders, 199 of the participants chose the Kraepelinian unitary spectrum view; meanwhile, 101 expressed their preference for the binary model. Our results suggest a prominent position of mixed depression in the context of mood disorders. Univocal operational criteria and additional research on pharmacological treatment are also needed to ensure the correct recognition and management of mixed depression.
{"title":"Mixed Depression: A Survey on Psychopathological, Diagnostic, and Therapeutic Approaches among a Sample of Italian Psychiatrists","authors":"L. Mineo, A. Rodolico, C. Concerto, A. Natale, Manuela Pennisi, M. Tusconi, A. Aguglia, A. Amerio, G. Serafini, M. Amore, E. Aguglia","doi":"10.2174/1745017902117010331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1745017902117010331","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (5th edition) introduced the specifier “with Mixed Features” to the diagnosis of Major Depressive Episode to designate the presence of (hypo) manic symptoms as part of the clinical presentation. This change has led to renewed attention on the operational definition, diagnosis, and treatment of Mixed Depression.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches towards Mixed Depression among a representative sample of Italian psychiatrists.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Between March and April 2021, 342 psychiatrists working in Italian adult mental health services were invited to participate in an anonymous online survey comprising 32 questions designed to investigate clinical and psychopathological approaches regarding the management of mixed depression in daily psychiatric practice.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 83.74% of participants reported having performed a diagnosis of mixed depression in the last five years, with the majority of respondents affirming that they had not used any diagnostic tool. Only 7,5% of the surveyed psychiatrists considered the DSM-5 criteria to be fully adequate in the description of this clinical entity. The most used pharmacological approach was combined therapy, in particular antipsychotics plus mood stabilizers. For monotherapy, the preferred drugs were Valproate and Quetiapine. Regarding the conceptualization of mood disorders, 199 of the participants chose the Kraepelinian unitary spectrum view; meanwhile, 101 expressed their preference for the binary model.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Our results suggest a prominent position of mixed depression in the context of mood disorders. Univocal operational criteria and additional research on pharmacological treatment are also needed to ensure the correct recognition and management of mixed depression.\u0000","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83371278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-24eCollection Date: 2021-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1745017902117010242
Claudia Carmassi, Virginia Pedrinelli, Valerio Dell'Oste, Carlo Antonio Bertelloni, Chiara Grossi, Camilla Gesi, Giancarlo Cerveri, Liliana Dell'Osso
Background: Increasing evidence highlights the susceptibility of Healthcare Workers to develop psychopathological sequelae, including Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and depression, in the current COronaVIrus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, but little data have been reported in the acute phase of the pandemic.
Objective: To explore Healthcare Workers' mental health reactions in the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in the first European epicenter (Lodi/Codogno, Italy), with particular attention to post-traumatic stress and depressive symptoms and their interplay with other psychological outcomes.
Methods: 74 Healthcare Workers employed at the Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale of Lodi (Lombardy, Italy) were recruited and assessed by means of the Impact of Event Scale- Revised, the Professional Quality of Life Scale-5, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 item, the Resilience Scale and the Work and Social Adjustment Scale. Socio-demographic and clinical variables were compared across three subgroups of the sample (No PTSD, PTSD only, PTSD and depression).
Results: A total of 31% of subjects endorsed a diagnosis of PTSD and 28.4% reported PTSD comorbid with major depression. Females were more prone to develop post-traumatic stress and depressive symptoms. Subjects with PTSD and depression groups showed high levels of PTSD, depression, burnout and impairment in functioning. Anxiety symptoms were higher in both PTSD and depression and PTSD groups rather than in the No PTSD group.
Conclusion: Our results showed high rates of PTSD and depression among Healthcare Workers and their comorbidity overall being associated with worse outcomes. Current findings suggest that interventions to prevent and treat psychological implications among Healthcare Workers facing infectious outbreaks are needed.
{"title":"PTSD and Depression in Healthcare Workers in the Italian Epicenter of the COVID-19 Outbreak.","authors":"Claudia Carmassi, Virginia Pedrinelli, Valerio Dell'Oste, Carlo Antonio Bertelloni, Chiara Grossi, Camilla Gesi, Giancarlo Cerveri, Liliana Dell'Osso","doi":"10.2174/1745017902117010242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1745017902117010242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Increasing evidence highlights the susceptibility of Healthcare Workers to develop psychopathological sequelae, including Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and depression, in the current COronaVIrus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, but little data have been reported in the acute phase of the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore Healthcare Workers' mental health reactions in the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in the first European epicenter (Lodi/Codogno, Italy), with particular attention to post-traumatic stress and depressive symptoms and their interplay with other psychological outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>74 Healthcare Workers employed at the Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale of Lodi (Lombardy, Italy) were recruited and assessed by means of the <i>Impact of Event Scale- Revised</i>, the <i>Professional Quality of Life Scale-5</i>, the <i>Patient Health Questionnaire-9</i>, the <i>Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 item</i>, the <i>Resilience Scale</i> and the <i>Work and Social Adjustment Scale</i>. Socio-demographic and clinical variables were compared across three subgroups of the sample (No PTSD, PTSD only, PTSD and depression).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 31% of subjects endorsed a diagnosis of PTSD and 28.4% reported PTSD comorbid with major depression. Females were more prone to develop post-traumatic stress and depressive symptoms. Subjects with PTSD and depression groups showed high levels of PTSD, depression, burnout and impairment in functioning. Anxiety symptoms were higher in both PTSD and depression and PTSD groups rather than in the No PTSD group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results showed high rates of PTSD and depression among Healthcare Workers and their comorbidity overall being associated with worse outcomes. Current findings suggest that interventions to prevent and treat psychological implications among Healthcare Workers facing infectious outbreaks are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":35447,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health","volume":"17 ","pages":"242-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8728562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39929573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号