Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.1177/2051677021995970
Y. Sadiq
This article discusses the Punjabi New Testament in Persian script. It explores different phases of its preparation and its translation features, as well as the individuals who contributed to its translation and revision.
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Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.1177/20516770211018805
R. Bascom
It has been observed that “words do not have meanings but rather meanings have words.” But even more, words and phrases, usually thought of as the basic units of meaning, actually should be seen as having only usages within contexts. These contexts themselves are the elements of communication that activate mental and bodily states and processes, and can be properly thought of as the construal of meaning. Sometimes these contexts of usage are shaped by phonological or grammatical patterns (see B. Bergen), sometimes by sociological factors such as reciprocity (see E. Goffman), and of course most commonly by lexical (usually radial) patterns and categories (traditionally presented as “semantic domains”). Cognitive linguists (e.g., Lakoff, Turner) have been hinting at something like this for a long time, but a clear restatement of what constitutes semantics is overdue.
{"title":"Term or Phrase Usage and Contextual Meaning: A Reexamination of Semantic Issues in Translation","authors":"R. Bascom","doi":"10.1177/20516770211018805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20516770211018805","url":null,"abstract":"It has been observed that “words do not have meanings but rather meanings have words.” But even more, words and phrases, usually thought of as the basic units of meaning, actually should be seen as having only usages within contexts. These contexts themselves are the elements of communication that activate mental and bodily states and processes, and can be properly thought of as the construal of meaning. Sometimes these contexts of usage are shaped by phonological or grammatical patterns (see B. Bergen), sometimes by sociological factors such as reciprocity (see E. Goffman), and of course most commonly by lexical (usually radial) patterns and categories (traditionally presented as “semantic domains”). Cognitive linguists (e.g., Lakoff, Turner) have been hinting at something like this for a long time, but a clear restatement of what constitutes semantics is overdue.","PeriodicalId":354951,"journal":{"name":"The Bible Translator","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127969027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.1177/20516770211013079
Simon Wong
Bible translations in (or for) Greater China may be classified into three categories: Chinese, Han dialects, and indigenous languages. All these language groups witness translation activities by Protestant missionaries. However, in its earliest history, Bible translation was pioneered by missionaries of Eastern Christianity in the seventh century or even earlier, whereas from the Catholic side, clear historical narrative has recorded Bible translation work in the thirteenth century by John of Montecorvino (1247–1328) into a Tatar language. Sadly, this work was not preserved. The earliest extant Bible translation in this vast area was published in 1661 in the Siriya language of Taiwan. This article reports on two major digitization projects: digitization of old Chinese Bibles (1707–1960), including 51 translations in total, and digitization of Bibles in Han dialects/fangyan and indigenous languages (1661–1960)—about 50 languages (including dialects) and 60 translations. These two projects represent the largest and most systematic full-text digitization of the Bible heritage of the area ever undertaken.
{"title":"Digitization of Bibles in Greater China (1661–1960)","authors":"Simon Wong","doi":"10.1177/20516770211013079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20516770211013079","url":null,"abstract":"Bible translations in (or for) Greater China may be classified into three categories: Chinese, Han dialects, and indigenous languages. All these language groups witness translation activities by Protestant missionaries. However, in its earliest history, Bible translation was pioneered by missionaries of Eastern Christianity in the seventh century or even earlier, whereas from the Catholic side, clear historical narrative has recorded Bible translation work in the thirteenth century by John of Montecorvino (1247–1328) into a Tatar language. Sadly, this work was not preserved. The earliest extant Bible translation in this vast area was published in 1661 in the Siriya language of Taiwan. This article reports on two major digitization projects: digitization of old Chinese Bibles (1707–1960), including 51 translations in total, and digitization of Bibles in Han dialects/fangyan and indigenous languages (1661–1960)—about 50 languages (including dialects) and 60 translations. These two projects represent the largest and most systematic full-text digitization of the Bible heritage of the area ever undertaken.","PeriodicalId":354951,"journal":{"name":"The Bible Translator","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117249900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-01DOI: 10.1177/20516770211020076
Mark Penner
In this article I look at articles in past issues of The Bible Translator to note what they say about sign language Bible translation (SLBT) and to highlight areas of particular importance to today’s SLBT movement. After a summary and some updates on the history of the movement, I look at the various issues raised in the articles about SLBT work, covering topics such as Deaf identity, issues surrounding sign language, the need for Deaf ownership, setting up SLBT projects, and the process of translation.
{"title":"The Sign Language Bible Translation Movement: A Look through the Eyes of TBT","authors":"Mark Penner","doi":"10.1177/20516770211020076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20516770211020076","url":null,"abstract":"In this article I look at articles in past issues of The Bible Translator to note what they say about sign language Bible translation (SLBT) and to highlight areas of particular importance to today’s SLBT movement. After a summary and some updates on the history of the movement, I look at the various issues raised in the articles about SLBT work, covering topics such as Deaf identity, issues surrounding sign language, the need for Deaf ownership, setting up SLBT projects, and the process of translation.","PeriodicalId":354951,"journal":{"name":"The Bible Translator","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125476240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.1177/20516770211001418
Mary Mercy Kobimbo
The rendering of the divine name יהוה is one of the most debated issues in Bible translation. This is also the case in translation of the Bible into the Dholuo language of Kenya and Tanzania. Different solutions have been proffered in different Dholuo versions, but without a clear rationale. This raises important questions. To what extent do versions used as sources influence translation choice? Should traditional religion and culture provide guidance in the search for a solution? This study analyses renderings of יהוה in existing Dholuo versions against the background of the history of church and mission in the Dholuo context.
{"title":"The Translation of יהוה in Dholuo: Overview and History","authors":"Mary Mercy Kobimbo","doi":"10.1177/20516770211001418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20516770211001418","url":null,"abstract":"The rendering of the divine name יהוה is one of the most debated issues in Bible translation. This is also the case in translation of the Bible into the Dholuo language of Kenya and Tanzania. Different solutions have been proffered in different Dholuo versions, but without a clear rationale. This raises important questions. To what extent do versions used as sources influence translation choice? Should traditional religion and culture provide guidance in the search for a solution? This study analyses renderings of יהוה in existing Dholuo versions against the background of the history of church and mission in the Dholuo context.","PeriodicalId":354951,"journal":{"name":"The Bible Translator","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134442751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.1177/20516770211005184
Stephen Pattemore
Dr Peter Watkins (Editor) Dr James A O Ahlquist Professor Morris J Brown Dr Timothy Chambers Dr Kevin Channer Professor J Grimley Evans Dr Pamela W Ewan Professor Malcolm Forsythe Professor Stephen J Frankel Professor George E Griffin Professor Rodney Harris Dr Charles Hind Professor Humphrey Hodgson Professor Roger Jones Professor Parveen Kumar Dr Ian G Lewin Dr Robert Mahler (Editor Emeritus) Professor W Ian McDonald Dr Nicholas Morrell Professor John S Savill Professor Anne E Tattersfield Clin Med JRCPL 2002;2:177–8
{"title":"From the Editor","authors":"Stephen Pattemore","doi":"10.1177/20516770211005184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20516770211005184","url":null,"abstract":"Dr Peter Watkins (Editor) Dr James A O Ahlquist Professor Morris J Brown Dr Timothy Chambers Dr Kevin Channer Professor J Grimley Evans Dr Pamela W Ewan Professor Malcolm Forsythe Professor Stephen J Frankel Professor George E Griffin Professor Rodney Harris Dr Charles Hind Professor Humphrey Hodgson Professor Roger Jones Professor Parveen Kumar Dr Ian G Lewin Dr Robert Mahler (Editor Emeritus) Professor W Ian McDonald Dr Nicholas Morrell Professor John S Savill Professor Anne E Tattersfield Clin Med JRCPL 2002;2:177–8","PeriodicalId":354951,"journal":{"name":"The Bible Translator","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121357522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.1177/2051677020971015
Xiaojun Xu
The note as a paratextual element has played an important role in Bible translation. This article collects the translational notes from the New Testament in the Chinese Protestant Union Version Bible (CUV) and the Chinese Catholic Sigao Bible (SBV) to uncover the ideological leanings of translators as well as the types and functions of translational notes in these versions. With a quantitative and qualitative analysis of eight selected notes, the article shows that: (1) CUV followed the “without note or comment” principle for unbiased comments and thus employed more linguistic notes, but SBV followed the Catholic tradition in writing exegetical comments; (2) the notes help readers understand the reasons for textual variations and the problem of selectivity in translating; and (3) CUV translators took account of the Chinese literati’s taste, whereas SBV aimed to reach the common people. Further research is needed for a more in-depth interpretation.
{"title":"Adding a Cubit to Bible Understanding: A Study of Notes in the Chinese Union Version Bible and the Sigao Bible","authors":"Xiaojun Xu","doi":"10.1177/2051677020971015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2051677020971015","url":null,"abstract":"The note as a paratextual element has played an important role in Bible translation. This article collects the translational notes from the New Testament in the Chinese Protestant Union Version Bible (CUV) and the Chinese Catholic Sigao Bible (SBV) to uncover the ideological leanings of translators as well as the types and functions of translational notes in these versions. With a quantitative and qualitative analysis of eight selected notes, the article shows that: (1) CUV followed the “without note or comment” principle for unbiased comments and thus employed more linguistic notes, but SBV followed the Catholic tradition in writing exegetical comments; (2) the notes help readers understand the reasons for textual variations and the problem of selectivity in translating; and (3) CUV translators took account of the Chinese literati’s taste, whereas SBV aimed to reach the common people. Further research is needed for a more in-depth interpretation.","PeriodicalId":354951,"journal":{"name":"The Bible Translator","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128644686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.1177/2051677020984533
Jamin Andreas Hübner
The pleonastic hypernegation οὐ μὴ is widely recognized as conveying an emphatic “no.” However, all major English translations fail to render it consistently with such emphasis. This article explores the nature of this disparity by locating οὐ μὴ linguistically, semantically, and lexically within New Testament literature and contemporary research. It concludes that, despite theoretical exceptions and the erroneous trend of translations, οὐ μὴ should, in the New Testament, always be rendered with some explicit emphasis.
夸张的超否定词ο ο μ ο被广泛认为是表达一个强调的“不”。然而，所有主要的英文译本都未能始终如一地强调这一点。本文通过在新约文献和当代研究中对ο ο μ m在语言、语义和词汇上的定位，探讨了这种差异的本质。它的结论是，尽管有理论上的例外和翻译的错误趋势，在新约中，“ο ο μ ν”应该总是被明确地强调。
{"title":"The Emphatic Hypernegation That Was(n’t): Revisiting οὐ μὴ and New Testament Translation in Light of Research and Contemporary Linguistics","authors":"Jamin Andreas Hübner","doi":"10.1177/2051677020984533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2051677020984533","url":null,"abstract":"The pleonastic hypernegation οὐ μὴ is widely recognized as conveying an emphatic “no.” However, all major English translations fail to render it consistently with such emphasis. This article explores the nature of this disparity by locating οὐ μὴ linguistically, semantically, and lexically within New Testament literature and contemporary research. It concludes that, despite theoretical exceptions and the erroneous trend of translations, οὐ μὴ should, in the New Testament, always be rendered with some explicit emphasis.","PeriodicalId":354951,"journal":{"name":"The Bible Translator","volume":"115 26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126382468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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