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Her Story, History, and the Ancient Versions of Daniel 11.6 她的故事,历史和但以理书的古代版本
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/20516770221105887
B. Scolnic
Text-critical study of Dan 11.6 shows that the Hebrew text behind the Old Greek may have been tweaked to be more historically accurate to present the verse as it appears in the Masoretic text and Theodotion. It is possible that two versions of this verse, one emphasizing the fate of the Ptolemaic princess Berenice and one that does not mention her, already existed in the earliest Hebrew texts. Recent proposals for the historical reconstruction of the Third Syrian War are considered alongside these textual points to portray the kind of close attention and activity that went into the writing and rewriting of Dan 10–12.
对但以理书11.6的文本批判研究表明,古希腊语后面的希伯来语文本可能被修改过,以便更准确地呈现马所拉文本和Theodotion中出现的经文。这节经文可能有两个版本,一个强调托勒密公主贝勒尼基的命运,另一个没有提到她,这两个版本在最早的希伯来文本中已经存在。最近关于第三次叙利亚战争的历史重建的建议与这些文本点一起被考虑,以描绘在但以理书10-12的写作和重写中所进行的密切关注和活动。
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引用次数: 0
Taiping Ideology and the Rewriting of the Chinese Bible 太平天国思想与中国圣经的改写
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/20516770221109851
Clement Tsz Ming Tong
When the Taiping insurgents overran the ancient Chinese capital of Nanjing in 1853, the barely two-year-old Christianity-inspired armed uprising appeared to be unstoppable, controlling a large area of Southern China south of the Yangtze River. One of the urgent tasks for the leader of this new “Heavenly Kingdom of Peace” (Taiping Tianguo), the self-proclaimed second son of God, Hong Xiu Quan, was to match his Taiping ideology with the teachings of the Bible—an important source of his inspiration and authority. Two official translations of the Bible were subsequently published by the Taipings, in which much alteration was done in order to promote Hong's brand of theology and beliefs and to remove stories of potential embarrassment for the regime. This article examines some of the major cases of rewriting found in the two Taiping editions, and provides possible reasons for the heavy-handed tampering with the biblical texts.
1853年,当太平天国叛军攻占中国古都南京时,这场由基督教启发的武装起义似乎势不可挡,控制了中国南方长江以南的大片地区。对于这个新的“和平天国”(太平天国)的领导人,自称是上帝的次子洪秀全来说,最紧迫的任务之一是将他的太平天国思想与圣经的教义相结合——圣经是他的灵感和权威的重要来源。随后,太平天国出版了两本《圣经》的官方译本,其中做了许多修改,以推广洪的神学和信仰,并消除可能给政权带来尴尬的故事。本文考察了太平天国两个版本中一些主要的重写案例,并提供了对圣经文本进行粗暴篡改的可能原因。
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: The Oxford Handbook of the Bible in China by K. K. Yeo, ed. 书评:《中国牛津圣经手册》,杨国强编。
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/20516770221112889
Clement Tsz Ming Tong
The massive 878-page Oxford Handbook of the Bible in China is an ambitious attempt to provide a broad and encompassing reference work to boost our understanding of the “impact of the Bible’s translation, expression, interpretation, and reception in China” (1). The forty-seven essays are grouped into four general categories: “Translation through Versions,” “Expression in Literary and Religious Contexts,” “Interpretation and Methods of Reading,” and “Reception in Institutions and the Arts.” The number of forty-nine contributors with their differing expertise and interest in the Chinese Bible is in itself impressive, and the range of topics offers a look at the impact of the Chinese Bible according to many different perspectives and disciplines. The first group of essays provides overviews of various Chinese Bible versions, which include some of the more rarely studied versions like the Eastern Orthodox Bible, the Basset-Su translation, and Louis de Poirot’s Mandarin translation. The second group of essays provides a welcome expansion of the discussion of textual and semantic interaction between the Chinese Bible and various Chinese religious writings and modern fiction, as well as the manifestation of the Chinese Bible in Chinese Christian writings, such as missionary novels and Christian poetry. The third section is more diverse, with articles ranging from reviews of the study of the Bible in Chinese academia and publication of NTmonographs and commentaries in China, to the Jesuits’ use of printed illustrations of the gospel, and discussions of how Christianity relates to the Chinese Jing culture and the concept of sacredness in Chinese cultures. The last group of essays focuses on the sociocultural impact of the Bible in China in areas such as basic
这本长达878页的《牛津中国圣经手册》雄心勃勃地试图提供一个广泛而全面的参考工作,以促进我们对“圣经在中国的翻译、表达、解释和接受的影响”的理解(1)。这47篇文章分为四大类:“通过版本的翻译”、“文学和宗教语境中的表达”、“解读和阅读方法”以及“机构和艺术中的接受”。四十九名作者对中文圣经有着不同的专业知识和兴趣,这本身就令人印象深刻,而主题的范围也从许多不同的角度和学科来看待中文圣经的影响。第一组文章提供了各种中文圣经版本的概述,其中包括一些较少研究的版本,如东正教圣经,巴塞特-苏译本和路易·德·波洛的普通话译本。第二组文章提供了一个受欢迎的扩展,讨论中文圣经与各种中国宗教著作和现代小说之间的文本和语义相互作用,以及中文圣经在中国基督教著作中的表现,如传教士小说和基督教诗歌。第三部分更加多样化,文章范围从中国学术界对圣经研究的回顾和中国新台币专著和注释的出版,到耶稣会士对福音的印刷插图的使用,以及基督教如何与中国荆文化和中国文化中的神圣概念联系起来的讨论。最后一组文章集中在《圣经》在中国的社会文化影响,如基本
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引用次数: 0
What’s New about David Bentley Hart’s Translation of the New Testament: Assessing Its Translation Effectiveness and Affectiveness 大卫·本特利·哈特翻译《新约》的新之处:对其翻译效果和翻译效果的评价
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/20516770221108341
Steve Berneking
This review of David Bentley Hart's New Testament makes use of a methodological lens from the field of translation studies, that is, the translation brief. The translation brief is an agreement between the client and the translator that sets forth the essential rubrics of the project and how it will best serve the client. My review of Hart's New Testament proceeds in a similar way, identifying the translator, the purpose of the translation, the type of translation, and the audience. In addition, I offer an assessment of the effectiveness and affectiveness of his work.
本文运用翻译研究领域的方法论视角,即翻译摘要,对大卫·本特利·哈特的《新约》进行了评述。翻译摘要是客户和翻译人员之间的协议,规定了项目的基本原则,以及如何最好地为客户服务。我对哈特的《新约》的评论也以类似的方式进行,确定译者、翻译的目的、翻译的类型和读者。此外,我还对他的工作的有效性和影响进行了评估。
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引用次数: 0
Robert Alter's New Translation of the Hebrew Bible: An Assessment for Translators 罗伯特·阿尔特的希伯来圣经新译本:对译者的评价
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/20516770211042273
Lénart J. de Regt
In the introduction to his new translation of the Hebrew Bible, Robert Alter is quite explicit about the task he set himself: “The present translation is an experiment in re-presenting the Bible in a language that conveys with some precision the semantic nuances and the lively orchestration of literary effects of the Hebrew and at the same time has stylistic and rhythmic integrity as literary English.” Alter explains this in more detail in the introduction and in his book, The Art of Bible Translation, with explicit criticisms of other English translations. In this paper I will explore Alter's own norms for translation and how he has applied them, paying special attention to parallel syntax, language level, repetition, wordplay, Hebrew and English word order, poetry in prose, rhythm, names of God, textual criticism, chapter division, and textual structure, as well as what Bible translators can learn from Alter’s translation.
在他新翻译的希伯来圣经的介绍中,罗伯特·阿尔特非常明确地说明了他给自己设定的任务:“目前的翻译是一个实验,用一种语言重新呈现圣经,这种语言精确地传达了希伯来语的语义细微差别和生动的文学效果,同时具有文学英语的风格和节奏完整性。”Alter在前言和他的书《圣经翻译的艺术》中对此作了更详细的解释,并对其他英文译本进行了明确的批评。在本文中,我将探讨Alter自己的翻译规范以及他是如何应用这些规范的,特别关注平行句法,语言水平,重复,文字游戏,希伯来语和英语的词序,散文诗,节奏,上帝的名字,文本批评,章节划分和文本结构,以及圣经译者可以从Alter的翻译中学到什么。
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引用次数: 0
Translating Sexual Taboos 性禁忌的翻译
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/20516770221104477
M. Palu
This paper outlines an approach for translating sexual references in the Bible in a culture that considers the subject taboo in public discussions. Such is the case in most Pacific Island cultures, especially in the Tongan culture. We will look at various examples of sex-related language, and conceptual metaphors in particular. For this, a method is proposed for understanding metaphorical expressions based on Lakoff and Johnson's cognitive linguistic view of metaphor. Then, this method is applied to biblical references to sex in the biblical storyline, focusing especially on the Old Testament. Finally, suggestions are offered for how best to translate sexual terms in Tongan Bible translation.
本文概述了一种在公共讨论中被视为禁忌话题的文化中翻译圣经中性引用的方法。这是大多数太平洋岛屿文化的情况,特别是汤加文化。我们会看一些与性有关的语言的例子,尤其是概念隐喻。为此,在Lakoff和Johnson的认知语言学隐喻观的基础上,提出了一种理解隐喻表达的方法。然后,将这种方法应用于圣经故事情节中对性的引用,特别是旧约。最后,对汤加语圣经翻译中如何更好地翻译性术语提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
From the Editors 来自编辑
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/20516770221113353
Marijke H. de Lang, Andy Warren-Rothlin
This issue of The Bible Translator offers two sets of papers. The first consists of a number of SBL papers, which were delivered at sessions of the Nida Institute at the SBL Annual Meeting in San Diego in November 2019. The second set consists of a number of Technical Papers. The first SBL session focused on Robert Alter’s translation of the Old Testament, The Hebrew Bible: A Translation with Commentary, published in 2019. A strong advocate of a foreignizing translation approach, Alter attempts to bring the reader closer to the Hebrew text and its original context. Lénart de Regt discusses the advantages and disadvantages of Alter’s foreignizing translation method, and a response to de Regt’s paper is given by Samy Tioyé. The three papers of the second SBL session reviewed David Bentley Hart’s The New Testament: A Translation of 2017 (a revision is expected to appear soon). Marijke de Lang discusses Hart’s work more generally, examining his assumptions about existing translations and discussing in detail some of his exegetical choices. Steve Berneking approaches Hart’s work from the perspective of translation studies, especially from that of skopos theory. Edgar Ebojo reviews Hart’s work from the viewpoint of textual criticism and examines Hart’s claims about the Greek text underlying his translation. The Technical Papers in this issue cover a range of issues. Mary Mercy Kobimbo’s article is the second part of a discussion of the rendering of the divine name י ה ו ה in Dholuo, a language spoken in Tanzania and Kenya. While the first part gave a historical overview, this second part looks at the translation of the term within the context of modern Dholuo language and culture. Benjamin Scolnic looks at the ancient versions of Dan 11.6, and argues that text-critical tools are not enough for a correct understanding of the biblical text and that profound knowledge of ancient history may be crucial for reviewing old exegetical suppositions and translation solutions. Ma’afu Palu tackles the problem of translating sexual language in cultures where talking about sex is taboo, such as the Tongan culture. Using Lakoff and Johnson’s notion of the conceptual metaphor, Palu offers some solutions for the translation of taboo language in the Tongan Bible. Philip Church shows how John Nelson Darby’s translation of 2 Tim 2.19-21 in terms of Editorial
这期《圣经翻译家》提供两套论文。第一部分包括一些SBL论文,这些论文于2019年11月在圣地亚哥举行的SBL年会上在Nida研究所的会议上发表。第二套包括一些技术论文。第一届SBL会议的重点是罗伯特·奥尔特对旧约的翻译,《希伯来圣经:带评论的翻译》,于2019年出版。作为异化翻译方法的强烈倡导者,Alter试图使读者更接近希伯来语文本及其原始语境。lassnart de Regt讨论了Alter异化翻译方法的优缺点,Samy tioy对de Regt的论文进行了回应。第二届SBL会议的三篇论文回顾了David Bentley Hart的《新约:2017年的翻译》(修订预计很快出现)。Marijke de Lang更广泛地讨论了哈特的作品,考察了他对现有译本的假设,并详细讨论了他的一些训诂选择。史蒂夫·伯纳金从翻译研究的角度,特别是从目的论的角度来看待哈特的作品。埃德加·埃博霍从文本批评的角度回顾了哈特的作品,并考察了哈特关于其翻译背后的希腊文本的主张。本期的技术论文涵盖了一系列问题。Mary Mercy Kobimbo的文章是讨论在Dholuo(坦桑尼亚和肯尼亚使用的一种语言)中如何翻译神名的第二部分。虽然第一部分给出了一个历史概述,但第二部分着眼于在现代Dholuo语言和文化背景下该术语的翻译。Benjamin scolic着眼于古代版本的《但以理书》11.6,并认为文本批判工具不足以正确理解圣经文本,对古代历史的深刻了解可能对回顾旧的训诂假设和翻译解决方案至关重要。Ma 'afu Palu解决了在汤加文化等禁忌谈论性的文化中翻译性语言的问题。利用Lakoff和Johnson的概念隐喻,Palu为汤加圣经禁忌语的翻译提供了一些解决方案。Philip Church展示了John Nelson Darby对提摩太后书2.19-21的翻译
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引用次数: 0
Separation from the (Evil) World: 2 Timothy 2.19-21 and the Plymouth Brethren Christian Church 与(邪恶)世界分离:提摩太后书2章19-21节和普利茅斯基督教弟兄会
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/20516770221097930
Philip Church
Separation from the (evil) world based on 2 Tim 2.19-21 is a defining characteristic of exclusive brethrenism, both in its most extreme form, the Plymouth Brethren Christian Church, and in other exclusive brethren groups. I examine this text in its context and then critically assess John Nelson Darby’s reading of it, working from his translation and his comments elsewhere in his writings. Darby misread the text as separation from “evil people” rather than avoidance of wrongdoing, with disastrous consequences. I conclude with some reflections on how his reading of v. 19 arose and on the dangers associated with translation work undertaken by influential individuals working in isolation from other scholars.
根据提摩太后书2:19 -21,与(邪恶)世界的分离是排他性弟兄主义的一个决定性特征,无论是最极端的形式,普利茅斯弟兄教会,还是其他排他性弟兄团体。我在上下文中考察了这篇文章,然后批判性地评估了约翰·纳尔逊·达比对它的阅读,从他的翻译和他在其他地方的评论中工作。达比误读了这段经文,认为这是与“恶人”的分离,而不是避免不法行为,这带来了灾难性的后果。最后,我思考了他对第19节的解读是如何产生的,以及有影响力的人在与其他学者隔绝的情况下从事翻译工作所带来的危险。
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引用次数: 0
David Bentley Hart's New Testament Translation 大卫·本特利·哈特的新约翻译
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/20516770211039495
Marijke H. de Lang
The article is an assessment of David Bentley Hart's New Testament translation, published in 2017. The article focuses on Hart's translation strategy, his views on Bible translation in general, some of his exegetical choices, and his stance on certain aspects of American evangelicalism.
这篇文章是对大卫·本特利·哈特2017年出版的《新约》译本的评价。本文主要探讨哈特的翻译策略、他对圣经翻译的总体看法、他的一些训诂选择,以及他对美国福音主义某些方面的立场。
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引用次数: 0
Robert Alter’s Translation of the Hebrew Bible: A Response to Lénart de Regt 罗伯特·奥尔特翻译的希伯来圣经:对莱姆纳特·德·雷特的回应
Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/20516770221104421
Samy Ikoa Tioyé
This paper responds to Lénart de Regt's discussion (in this issue of TBT) of Robert Alter's translation of the Hebrew Bible. First is a summary of de Regt's discussion of Alter's translation. The second part presents the driving points of Alter's norms for reading the Bible as literature. The third part discusses the application of Alter's norms to translation and ends with a few examples and observations.
本文回应了lsamnart de Regt(在本期TBT中)对Robert Alter翻译的希伯来圣经的讨论。首先是对德雷特对阿尔特翻译的讨论的总结。第二部分阐述了阿尔特将《圣经》作为文学来阅读的准则的驱动点。第三部分讨论了奥尔特规范在翻译中的应用,并以一些例子和观察作为结语。
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引用次数: 0
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