Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry最新文献_第7页

Degradation mechanisms, long-term durability challenges, and mitigation methods for proton exchange membranes and membrane electrode assemblies with Pt/C electrocatalysts in low-temperature and high-temperature fuel cells: A comprehensive review 质子交换膜和膜电极组件与 Pt/C 电催化剂在低温和高温燃料电池中的降解机制、长期耐久性挑战和缓解方法：全面综述

IF 4.1 3区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2024.118712

Md Shahjahan Kabir Chowdury , YeJi Park , Sung Bum Park , Yong-il Park

Complying with durability regulations is crucial for the successful commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). This study evaluates the literature on complex and multi-faceted degradation processes, durability, lifetime concerns, recent advancements, and mitigation measures for proton exchange membranes (PEMs) and membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs). Extensive research has explored the degradation mechanisms of low-temperature perfluorinated ionomers, such as Nafion®, alongside non-fluorinated PEMs, including hydrocarbon-based polymers and organic–inorganic nanocomposites. Additionally, high-temperature PEMs based on phosphoric acid-doped polybenzimidazole (PA-PBI) have also been reported. In MEAs, the Pt/C electrocatalyst, catalyst layer (CL), and gas diffusion layer (GDL) play crucial roles, with degradation occurring through Pt nanoparticles dissolution, electrochemical Ostwald ripening, Pt particles growth/precipitation on the membrane, carbon support corrosion, mass transfer difficulties for ionomer redistribution and reduced porosity, and membrane deterioration. For long-term durability in fuel cell operation, various influential factors are investigated such as accelerated stress tests (ASTs) for open-circuit voltage, dynamic load, humidity cycling, high temperature, freeze–thaw effects, Pt degradation, GDL, startup-shutdown state, different fuels, along with measurements of membrane properties and cell performance. Accelerated stress test protocols for transportation accurately depict long-term failure modes, targeting specific degradation paths or combinations of mechanisms. Mitigation strategies for these issues are also suggested. In addition, this study aims to contribute to advancing durability enhancement and mitigation strategies through a comprehensive analysis of novel material systems optimized for the development of next-generation low-temperature and high-temperature PEMs.

遵守耐用性法规对于质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）的成功商业化至关重要。本研究评估了有关质子交换膜（PEM）和膜电极组件（MEA）复杂而多方面的降解过程、耐用性、寿命问题、最新进展和缓解措施的文献。大量研究探索了 Nafion® 等低温全氟离子膜与非氟 PEM（包括碳氢化合物基聚合物和有机-无机纳米复合材料）的降解机制。此外，基于磷酸掺杂的聚苯并咪唑（PA-PBI）的高温 PEM 也有报道。在 MEA 中，Pt/C 电催化剂、催化剂层 (CL) 和气体扩散层 (GDL) 起着至关重要的作用，降解发生在铂纳米颗粒溶解、电化学奥斯特瓦尔德熟化、铂颗粒在膜上生长/沉淀、碳支撑腐蚀、离子体再分布和孔隙率降低造成的传质困难以及膜劣化。对于燃料电池的长期耐用性，研究了各种影响因素，如开路电压、动态负载、湿度循环、高温、冻融效应、铂降解、GDL、启动-关闭状态、不同燃料的加速应力测试（AST），以及膜特性和电池性能的测量。针对特定降解路径或机制组合的运输加速应力测试协议可准确描述长期失效模式。此外，还针对这些问题提出了缓解策略。此外，本研究旨在通过全面分析为开发下一代低温和高温 PEM 而优化的新型材料系统，为推进耐久性增强和缓解策略做出贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of the electrochemical behaviour of praseodymium ions in a LiF-PrF3-Pr6O11 molten salt system 镨离子在 LiF-PrF3-Pr6O11 熔盐体系中的电化学行为研究

IF 4.1 3区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2024.118724

Shumei Chen, Peng Xukun, Mingyang Tan, Qiang Li, Chunfa Liao, Xu Wang, Xinyu Wu

Understanding the electrochemical of paseodymium ions in molten salt is essential to improve electrolytic efficiency. To elucidate the electroreduction mechanism of praseodymium ions and overcome the limitations associated with regulating the yield of praseodymium metal in the industrial praseodymium electrolysis process, the electrochemical behaviour of praseodymium on the W working electrode surface in the LiF-PrF₃-Pr₆O₁₁ molten salt system was determined by square–wave voltammetry, chronoamperometry, cyclic voltammetry and potentiometry analyses. The results indicated that the reduction of Pr³⁺ on the W cathode is a one-step quasireversible Pr³⁺/Pr reduction process controlled by diffusion of the LiF-PrF₃ and (LiF-PrF₃)_eut-Pr₆O₁₁ electrolytes at 1223 K Pr³⁺ in the LiF-PrF₃-Pr₆O₁₁ molten salt has a diffusion coefficient of D_Pr3+/Pr = 0.20 × 10⁻⁸–4.11 × 10⁻⁸ cm²·s⁻¹. The incorporation of Pr₆O₁₁ increased the electrochemical activity of Pr³⁺ in the LiF-PrF₃ system. Pr crystallization on the W electrode was achieved by three-dimensional progressive nucleation.

了解镨离子在熔盐中的电化学特性对于提高电解效率至关重要。为了阐明镨离子的电还原机理，克服工业镨电解过程中镨金属产率调节的局限性，研究人员通过方波伏安法、计时安培法、循环伏安法和电位计分析，确定了镨在 LiF-PrF3-Pr6O11 熔盐体系中 W 工作电极表面的电化学行为。结果表明，在 1223 K 时，LiF-PrF3 和 (LiF-PrF3)eut-Pr6O11 电解质中的 Pr3+ 在 LiF-PrF3-Pr6O11 熔盐中的扩散系数为 DPr3+/Pr = 0.20 × 10-8-4.11 × 10-8 cm2-s-1。在 LiF-PrF3 体系中，Pr6O11 的加入提高了 Pr3+ 的电化学活性。W 电极上的 Pr 结晶是通过三维渐进成核实现的。

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引用次数: 0

Reverse iontophoresis sensing electrode for joint detection of pH, NH4+, and lactic acid 用于联合检测 pH 值、NH4+ 和乳酸的反向离子渗透传感电极

IF 4.1 3区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2024.118722

Qiya Gao , Zetao Chen , Yongchang Bai , Jie Fu , Ziyue Qin , Shuang Li

With the rapid development of integrated electronic circuit technology, biological fluid-electricity integrated detection systems have gradually become a research hotspot. Researchers have integrated biological fluid electrical detection methods into circuits and developed small, low-power, portable detection devices equipped with sensing electrodes, which can achieve continuous monitoring of human health parameters. In recent years, the integration of reverse iontophoresis technology that can be used to extract body fluids with electrochemical sensors has opened up the possibility of flexible, portable biochemical sensing with excellent detection sensitivity. Herein, we present a method for extracting biofluids based on reverse iontophoresis technology, coupled with electrochemical sensing techniques for the simultaneous detection of various biomarkers in body fluids. The multi-channel sensing electrode was modified layer by layer using nitrogen-doped graphene (N-Gr), ion-selective membrane, or lactate oxidase for rapid and sensitive detection of pH (3–8), ammonium ion (NH₄⁺) (0.1 mM–50 mM), and lactic acid (1 mM–50 mM). Subsequently, an integrated system for electrical stimulation extraction and sensing analysis based on reverse iontophoresis was established and experimentally tested. Experimental results demonstrated that the multi-channel joint detection sensing electrode has excellent sensing linearity, specificity, repeatability, and long-term stability. Finally, a smartphone-based WeChat applet was developed, which can realize parameter setting, function selection, and result display of sensor detection. In this study, reverse iontophoresis technology was used to collect body fluids, and the important biomarkers pH, NH₄⁺, and lactic acid in the body fluids were detected. Overall, this research presents an integrated detection system and a multi-channel sensing scheme for the detection of important biochemical markers in bodily fluids, thereby providing potential value for health monitoring applications.

随着集成电子电路技术的飞速发展，生物液电一体化检测系统逐渐成为研究热点。研究人员将生物液电检测方法集成到电路中，开发出了配备传感电极的小型、低功耗、便携式检测设备，可实现对人体健康参数的连续监测。近年来，可用于提取体液的反向离子电泳技术与电化学传感器的结合，为灵活、便携、检测灵敏度高的生化传感技术提供了可能。在此，我们介绍一种基于反向离子渗透技术的生物液体提取方法，该方法与电化学传感技术相结合，可同时检测体液中的各种生物标记物。利用掺氮石墨烯（N-Gr）、离子选择膜或乳酸氧化酶对多通道传感电极进行逐层修饰，可快速灵敏地检测 pH 值（3-8）、铵离子（NH4+）（0.1 mM-50 mM）和乳酸（1 mM-50 mM）。随后，建立了基于反向离子渗透的电刺激提取和传感分析集成系统，并进行了实验测试。实验结果表明，多通道关节检测传感电极具有良好的传感线性度、特异性、重复性和长期稳定性。最后，开发了基于智能手机的微信小程序，可实现传感检测的参数设置、功能选择和结果显示。本研究采用反向离子透入技术采集体液，检测了体液中重要的生物标志物 pH、NH4+ 和乳酸。总之，本研究提出了一种用于检测体液中重要生化标志物的集成检测系统和多通道传感方案，从而为健康监测应用提供了潜在价值。

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引用次数: 0

Study on the enhancement of flexible zinc-air battery performance with polyethylene glycol and nano SiO2 composite hydrogel 利用聚乙二醇和纳米二氧化硅复合水凝胶提高柔性锌-空气电池性能的研究

IF 4.1 3区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2024.118721

Xinru Qu , Gaoyuan Liu , Na Xu , Lina Zhao , Zhanlin Xu

Flexible zinc-air batteries have garnered significant attention due to their high energy density, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, issues such as poor cycle life and anode dendrite growth severely hinder their practical application. This study introduces polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a pore-forming agent and incorporates nano SiO₂ into a polyacrylamide/carboxymethyl cellulose (PAM/CMC) composite hydrogel, resulting in a PAM/CMC/PEG/SiO₂ (PCPS) composite hydrogel. Phase analysis and electrochemical characterization of PCPS were conducted. The hydrogel electrolyte formed in an alkaline KI environment, when assembled into a battery, achieved a capacity of 494.6 mAh/g and maintained a low potential range of 0.36 V for over 40 h, with an energy efficiency of 86.3 % for the first 60 cycles. To address the issue of dendrite growth in alkaline environments, this study also explores the performance of PCPS composite hydrogel in near-neutral environments.

柔性锌空气电池因其能量密度高、成本低和环保而备受关注。然而，循环寿命短和阳极枝晶生长等问题严重阻碍了其实际应用。本研究引入聚乙二醇（PEG）作为成孔剂，并将纳米二氧化硅加入聚丙烯酰胺/羧甲基纤维素（PAM/CMC）复合水凝胶中，从而得到 PAM/CMC/PEG/SiO2 (PCPS) 复合水凝胶。对 PCPS 进行了相分析和电化学表征。在碱性 KI 环境中形成的水凝胶电解质组装成电池后，容量达到 494.6 mAh/g，并在 0.36 V 的低电位范围内维持了 40 多小时，前 60 个循环的能量效率为 86.3%。为了解决树枝状突起在碱性环境中生长的问题，本研究还探讨了 PCPS 复合水凝胶在近中性环境中的性能。

引用次数: 0

Platinum/Stainless-Steel mesh electrode fabrication via Chemically thermal reduction for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction 通过化学热还原法制造铂/不锈钢网电极，实现高效氢进化反应

IF 4.1 3区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2024.118723

Yuda Prima Hardianto , Naseemah A. Noorwali , Syed Shaheen Shah , Mostafa M. Mohamed , Syed Ali Abbas , Muhammad Ashraf , Md. Abdul Aziz

Platinum-based electrodes continue to be extensively studied, with a key focus on decreasing their cost. This research addresses this challenge by depositing platinum (Pt) nanoparticles onto a cost-effective stainless steel mesh (SSM) substrate for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Pt nanoparticles were deposited on SSM (Pt/SSM) using a simple chemical thermal reduction method. The effects of varying the concentration of the K₂PtCl₄ precursor on Pt deposition and catalytic performance were investigated. Results showed that higher precursor concentrations led to increased Pt loading and improved HER activity, although the loading remained lower than that of commercial electrodes (0.011 mg/cm²). The optimized Pt/SSM, prepared with a 2 mM K₂PtCl₄ solution, achieved a low overpotential of 101 mV and a Tafel slope of 53 mV/decade in 0.5 M H₂SO₄, with excellent stability. These findings highlight the potential of Pt/SSM electrocatalysts for efficient hydrogen production and emphasize the importance of electrolyte conditions in optimizing performance.

对铂基电极的研究仍在继续，重点是降低其成本。本研究通过将铂 (Pt) 纳米粒子沉积到成本低廉的不锈钢网 (SSM) 基质上，用于氢进化反应 (HER)，解决了这一难题。采用简单的化学热还原法将铂纳米粒子沉积在 SSM（Pt/SSM）上。研究了不同浓度的 K2PtCl4 前驱体对铂沉积和催化性能的影响。结果表明，前驱体浓度越高，铂负载量越大，HER 活性越高，但负载量仍低于商用电极（0.011 mg/cm2）。使用 2 mM K2PtCl4 溶液制备的优化 Pt/SSM 在 0.5 M H2SO4 中实现了 101 mV 的低过电位和 53 mV/decade 的塔菲尔斜率，且稳定性极佳。这些发现凸显了 Pt/SSM 电催化剂在高效制氢方面的潜力，并强调了电解质条件在优化性能方面的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Selection of high rate capability and cycling stability MnO anode material for lithium-ion capacitors: Effect of the carbon source 为锂离子电容器选择高倍率能力和循环稳定性 MnO 负极材料：碳源的影响

IF 4.1 3区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2024.118717

Jialing Ma , Huanqiao Song , Zhihong He , Yu Chen , Mingsheng Luo

The N-doped carbon modified MnO composites were successfully prepared using K₂MnO₄ as the manganese source, CH₄N₂O as the nitrogen source, and glucose, sucrose, or reduced graphene oxide as the carbon sources. Among them, the composite (MPN) prepared using glucose as the carbon source exhibited excellent electrochemical performance, attributed to its relatively small particle size (6.4 nm), high specific surface area of 199.4 m²·g⁻¹, and a high I_D/I_G ratio of 0.86. The MnO in MPN contained a significant amount of Mn³⁺, ∼16.8 %, which is ascribed to the incomplete reduction of high valence Mn during the process of synthesis. With the formation of Mn³⁺, a large number of cationic vacancies were generated, which increased the diffusion coefficient of Li⁺ from 2.12 × 10⁻¹⁴ cm² s ⁻¹ to 5.94 × 10⁻¹³ cm² s⁻¹. The carbon layer with appropriate thickness, doped N and mesoporous structure suitable for electrolyte transport provide a fast ion/electron transport channels for MnO, and ensure a stable interface structure in the electrochemical reactions. Consequently, the MPN anode material exhibited remarkable high current discharge capacity (769.5 mAh·g⁻¹ at a high current density of 2 A·g⁻¹) and excellent cycling performance (882.2 mAh·g⁻¹ after 200 cycles at 1 A·g⁻¹), indicating its exceptional rate performance and cycle stability. Furthermore, the lithium ion capacitor constructed with MPN as anode and activated carbon as cathode demonstrated a high specific energy of 190 Wh·kg⁻¹, a high specific power of 205.3 W·kg⁻¹, and an impressive cycling lifespan of up to 3000 cycles without obvious degradation.

以 K2MnO4 为锰源，CH4N2O 为氮源，葡萄糖、蔗糖或还原氧化石墨烯为碳源，成功制备了掺杂氮的碳修饰氧化锰复合材料。其中，以葡萄糖为碳源制备的复合材料（MPN）表现出优异的电化学性能，这归功于其相对较小的粒径（6.4 nm）、199.4 m2-g-1 的高比表面积以及 0.86 的高内径/内径比。MPN 中的 MnO 含有大量 Mn3+（16.8%），这是由于合成过程中高价 Mn 未完全还原所致。随着 Mn3+ 的形成，产生了大量阳离子空位，使 Li+ 的扩散系数从 2.12 × 10-14 cm2 s -1 增加到 5.94 × 10-13 cm2 s-1。适当厚度的碳层、掺杂的 N 和适合电解质传输的介孔结构为 MnO 提供了快速的离子/电子传输通道，并确保了电化学反应中稳定的界面结构。因此，MPN 阳极材料表现出显著的高电流放电容量（在 2 A-g-1 的高电流密度下为 769.5 mAh-g-1）和优异的循环性能（在 1 A-g-1 下循环 200 次后为 882.2 mAh-g-1），表明其具有优异的速率性能和循环稳定性。此外，以 MPN 为阳极、活性炭为阴极构建的锂离子电容器显示出 190 Wh-kg-1 的高比能量和 205.3 W-kg-1 的高比功率，并且循环寿命长达 3000 次而无明显降解。

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引用次数: 0

Synthesis and electrochemical performance of novel high-entropy spinel oxide (FeCoMgCrLi)3O4 新型高熵尖晶石氧化物 (FeCoMgCrLi)3O4 的合成与电化学性能

IF 4.1 3区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2024.118719

Chengjiao Che , Jianqiang Bi , Xihua Zhang , Yao Yang , Hongyi Wang , Jiacheng Rong

High-entropy oxides (HEOs) are attractive options for anode materials in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of their impressive specific capacity and structural stability. The multi-element composition of HEOs endows them with diverse physicochemical properties. However, the role of different elements in the energy storage mechanism remains unclear, and the limited number of successfully synthesized high-entropy oxide systems currently hinders further development. Therefore, developing HEOs with different compositions and studying their electrochemical properties is of great significance. Using the glycine-nitrate solution combustion synthesis (SCS) method, we produced two new High Entropy Oxides (HEOs), namely (FeCoMgCr)₃O₄ and (FeCoMgCrLi)₃O₄, and assessed their electrochemical performance as LIBs anode materials. The studies indicate that the inclusion of lithium significantly enhances the lithium storing capabilities of the material system. Specifically, after undergoing two hundred cycles at a current density of 200 mA/g, (FeCoMgCrLi)₃O₄ exhibited a specific capacity of 658 mAh/g, which was considerably greater than the specific capacity of (FeCoMgCr)₃O₄, which was 306.9 mAh/g. This work enriches the spinel-type high-entropy oxide systems and proposes a new design strategy for HEOs as LIBs anode materials.

高熵氧化物（HEOs）因其出色的比容量和结构稳定性而成为锂离子电池（LIBs）负极材料的理想选择。高熵氧化物的多元素组成赋予了它们多样化的物理化学特性。然而，不同元素在储能机制中的作用仍不明确，目前成功合成的高熵氧化物系统数量有限，阻碍了进一步的开发。因此，开发不同成分的高熵氧化物并研究其电化学特性具有重要意义。我们采用甘氨酸-硝酸盐溶液燃烧合成（SCS）方法制备了两种新的高熵氧化物，即（FeCoMgCr）3O4 和（FeCoMgCrLi）3O4，并评估了它们作为 LIBs 负极材料的电化学性能。研究表明，锂的加入大大增强了材料体系的锂存储能力。具体而言，在电流密度为 200 mA/g 的条件下循环两百次后，(FeCoMgCrLi)3O4 的比容量为 658 mAh/g，大大高于(FeCoMgCr)3O4 的 306.9 mAh/g。这项研究丰富了尖晶石型高熵氧化物体系，并为 HEOs 作为 LIBs 阳极材料提出了新的设计策略。

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引用次数: 0

Co-effect of perchlorate anions and hydrated protons on the electrochemical formation of Adams’ catalyst 高氯酸盐阴离子和水合质子对亚当斯催化剂电化学形成的共同作用

IF 4.1 3区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2024.118715

Xiru Cao , Xiao Sun , Weifan Chen , Jiaxing Han , Ao Li , Chen Ji , Juhua Zheng , Vinicius Del Colle , Hamilton Varela , Jiujun Zhang , Changwei Pan , Qingyu Gao

The structure and morphology of oxide on the metal electrodes are strongly linked with the activity and stability of the electrocatalysts. Herein, the novel co-effect of anion and hydrated proton on structure of PtO₂ formation is observed during the oxidation of water on Pt(100) preferentially oriented nanoparticles with in situ Raman spectroscopy and XPS. Higher concentrations (≥1.5 M) of non-specifically adsorbed perchlorate in 0.1 M perchloric acid solution facilitated the formation of crystalline α−PtO₂ during the electro−oxidation of Pt(100), and no crystalline α−PtO₂ was obtained without acid. Higher acidity electrolyte solution favors the formation of crystalline α–PtO₂, indicating that proton plays a key role since specifically adsorbed sulfate without sulfuric acid did not lead to the formation of crystalline α–PtO₂. A model containing anions, protons, and water molecules co-adsorbed on the Pt surface is constructed during density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which well explains the formation of crystalline α–PtO₂ depending on anion and proton. The study findings provide an alternate approach for environmentally friendly and controllable preparation of Adams’ catalyst and an atomic–level understanding of oxide formation on Pt electrodes, which is essential for developing the next–generation electro-catalyst with exceptional performance and stability.

金属电极上氧化物的结构和形态与电催化剂的活性和稳定性密切相关。本文利用原位拉曼光谱和 XPS 观察了 Pt（100）优先取向纳米粒子上水氧化过程中阴离子和水合质子对 PtO2 形成结构的新型协同效应。在 0.1 M 高氯酸溶液中，非特异性吸附的高氯酸盐浓度越高（≥1.5 M），在 Pt(100) 电氧化过程中形成的结晶 α-PtO2 就越容易，而在无酸的情况下则不会形成结晶 α-PtO2。酸度较高的电解质溶液有利于结晶α-PtO2 的形成，这表明质子起着关键作用，因为特异性吸附的硫酸盐（不含硫酸）不会导致结晶α-PtO2 的形成。密度泛函理论（DFT）计算构建了一个包含阴离子、质子和铂表面共吸附水分子的模型，该模型很好地解释了结晶α-PtO2的形成取决于阴离子和质子。研究结果为以环境友好和可控的方式制备亚当斯催化剂提供了另一种方法，并从原子水平上理解了铂电极上氧化物的形成，这对于开发具有优异性能和稳定性的下一代电催化剂至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Facile one-pot synthesis of Bi2S3 nanorod @ N, S co-doped carbon composite for high performance lithium ion batteries 用于高性能锂离子电池的 Bi2S3 纳米棒 @ N、S 共掺杂碳复合材料的简单单锅合成

IF 4.1 3区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2024.118714

Xiaowu Liu, Wanqing Li, Yuliang Zhou, Duoduo Zhu, Xin Chen, Kun Liu

Bismuth sulfide is favoured in lithium ion batteries due to its high specific capacity of 625 mAh/g. However, the Bi₂S₃ anode faces severe volume expansion problems during the lithium intercalation process, resulting in continuous electrode fragmentation and rapid degradation of lithium storage performance. In this study, Bi₂S₃ nanorod@N, S co-doped carbon composite prepared by a simple sintering method was used as the anode material for lithium ion batteries. 1D Bi₂S₃ nanorods with a length of 1 μm and a diameter of 50 nm were loaded in situ on 2D N, S co-doped carbon nanosheets. This unique structure can not only alleviate the volume change of bismuth sulfide, but also effectively shorten the diffusion distance of lithium ions, thereby improving the cycling stability and rate capability at the same time. The discharge capacity of Bi₂S₃@N, SC remained at 583.4 mAh g ^–1 after 400 cycles at 0.5 A g^–1. Even at a high current density of 2 A/g, the discharge capacity of Bi₂S₃@N, SC still reached 374.3 mAh g ^–1. This simple method also can be extended to the preparation of other metal sulfide composites.

硫化铋的比容量高达 625 mAh/g，因此在锂离子电池中备受青睐。然而，Bi2S3 负极在锂插层过程中面临严重的体积膨胀问题，导致电极不断碎裂，储锂性能迅速下降。本研究采用简单的烧结方法制备了 Bi2S3 纳米棒@N、S 共掺杂碳复合材料作为锂离子电池的负极材料。长度为 1 μm、直径为 50 nm 的一维 Bi2S3 纳米棒被原位负载在二维 N、S 共掺杂碳纳米片上。这种独特的结构不仅能缓解硫化铋的体积变化，还能有效缩短锂离子的扩散距离，从而同时提高循环稳定性和速率能力。在 0.5 A g-1 下循环 400 次后，Bi2S3@N, SC 的放电容量仍保持在 583.4 mAh g -1 的水平。即使在 2 A/g 的高电流密度下，Bi2S3@N, SC 的放电容量仍然达到 374.3 mAh g -1 。这种简单的方法还可以扩展到其他金属硫化物复合材料的制备。

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引用次数: 0

Advanced characterization of alkaline water electrolysis through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and polarization curves 通过电化学阻抗谱和极化曲线对碱性水电解进行高级表征

IF 4.1 3区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2024.118709

Matheus T. de Groot , Paul Vermeulen

Improved electrolyzer components are needed to make alkaline water electrolyzers more flexible and durable. The performance of these new components can be assessed through in situ electrochemical characterization in the form of polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Presently, EIS is still mostly used for the IR-correction of the polarization curve, but more valuable information can be extracted. In this work we show how EIS data can be used to determine the dependence of ohmic resistance on current density, to derive anodic and cathodic Tafel slopes and exchange current densities from fitted charge transfer resistances, and to derive anodic and cathodic capacitances from fitted constant phase elements. We do this for both a two electrode alkaline electrolysis flow cell setup as well as for a three electrode beaker type setup with two-dimensional nickel electrodes. The presented tools can be used in performance studies of new and existing electrodes and membranes in alkaline water electrolysis.

需要改进电解槽组件，使碱性水电解槽更加灵活耐用。这些新组件的性能可通过极化曲线和电化学阻抗光谱（EIS）形式的原位电化学表征进行评估。目前，EIS 仍主要用于极化曲线的红外校正，但可以提取更多有价值的信息。在这项工作中，我们展示了如何利用 EIS 数据来确定欧姆电阻对电流密度的依赖性，如何从拟合的电荷转移电阻中推导出阳极和阴极塔菲尔斜率和交换电流密度，以及如何从拟合的恒定相位元素中推导出阳极和阴极电容。我们在双电极碱性电解流动池设置和三电极烧杯式二维镍电极设置中都采用了这一方法。所介绍的工具可用于碱性水电解中新型和现有电极和膜的性能研究。

引用次数: 0