Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-28-32
A. Voloshenko, E.V. Kokorin, A. V. Podgrushny, S. Batmanov
The analysis was carried out concerning the regulatory requirements for fire safety aimed at preventing the spread of fire from the parking lot of motor vehicles to various buildings and structures located on the territory of industrial use, as well as an analysis of fires on the motor vehicles. The need is shown related to applying a calculation estimate of the possibility of ignition of a fire-hazardous irradiated material from the effect of a radiated heat flux during a fire for establishing a fire-prevention distance. To assess the fulfillment of fire safety requirements aimed at preventing the spread of fire with the subsequent establishment of a fire-prevention distance from the parking lot of motor vehicles, it is required to implement the calculated scenarios. Scenarios should consider the type (body, opening), the location of the surface (front, rear, side) and its calculated values, the number of motor vehicles, the burning and irradiated materials with their calculated values, the location of the irradiated material relative to the radiating surface (centered, perpendicular, outside zone center). They are based on the mechanism of ignition of the irradiated material from the action of a radiant heat flux during the combustion of a motor vehicle. The practical use of this technique will allow to simulate the threat of propagation of the radiated heat flux to nearby protection objects, to establish a safe distance from the parking of motor vehicles to various buildings and structures for industrial purposes, and to make decisions on the compliance of protection objects with fire safety requirements. To carry out calculations to determine the safe fire-prevention distance from the parking lots of motor vehicles, a computer program was developed for the computer “Assessment of the safe distance from the boundaries of open areas of motor vehicles”. Its practical application will significantly simplify the procedure associated with the assessment of compliance with fire safety requirements aimed at preventing the spread of fire from the parking lot of the motor vehicle to buildings and structures for industrial purposes and will allow to set the value of the safe fire distance between them.
{"title":"Management of Fire-Prevention Distances from the Parking Lot of a Motor Vehicle to the Buildings, Industrial Facilities","authors":"A. Voloshenko, E.V. Kokorin, A. V. Podgrushny, S. Batmanov","doi":"10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-28-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-28-32","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis was carried out concerning the regulatory requirements for fire safety aimed at preventing the spread of fire from the parking lot of motor vehicles to various buildings and structures located on the territory of industrial use, as well as an analysis of fires on the motor vehicles. The need is shown related to applying a calculation estimate of the possibility of ignition of a fire-hazardous irradiated material from the effect of a radiated heat flux during a fire for establishing a fire-prevention distance. To assess the fulfillment of fire safety requirements aimed at preventing the spread of fire with the subsequent establishment of a fire-prevention distance from the parking lot of motor vehicles, it is required to implement the calculated scenarios. Scenarios should consider the type (body, opening), the location of the surface (front, rear, side) and its calculated values, the number of motor vehicles, the burning and irradiated materials with their calculated values, the location of the irradiated material relative to the radiating surface (centered, perpendicular, outside zone center). They are based on the mechanism of ignition of the irradiated material from the action of a radiant heat flux during the combustion of a motor vehicle. The practical use of this technique will allow to simulate the threat of propagation of the radiated heat flux to nearby protection objects, to establish a safe distance from the parking of motor vehicles to various buildings and structures for industrial purposes, and to make decisions on the compliance of protection objects with fire safety requirements. To carry out calculations to determine the safe fire-prevention distance from the parking lots of motor vehicles, a computer program was developed for the computer “Assessment of the safe distance from the boundaries of open areas of motor vehicles”. Its practical application will significantly simplify the procedure associated with the assessment of compliance with fire safety requirements aimed at preventing the spread of fire from the parking lot of the motor vehicle to buildings and structures for industrial purposes and will allow to set the value of the safe fire distance between them.","PeriodicalId":35650,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost'' Truda v Promyshlennosti","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44730183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-52-55
V.Yu. Grigorov, O. Krivoshapkina, V. Melnikov, N. V. Smirnov
The article is devoted to topical issues of research on the fire hazard of composite materials in particular the materials based on the aramid fibers. Preliminary analysis of possible areas of their application showed the need for conducting hazard studies. For fire-resistant fabrics considering the operating conditions, research and test methods were justified and selected to determine and evaluate the indicators of flammability, smoke-generating ability, toxicity of combustion products, specific emission of some toxic gases and oxygen consumption, burnout rate. For this purpose, both standard methods and a separate experimental method of complex testing were used. Based on the results of these studies, the new experimental data were obtained, which indicate the fireproof properties of composite materials and fabrics based on the aramid fibers. So, for example, the tested samples belong to the groups (classes) of materials D1 (with low smoke-forming ability), T1 (low-hazardous) in terms of toxicity of combustion products, B1 (hard to ignite) in terms of flammability. The experimental fire hazard data analyzed in the work allow to draw conclusions about the possibility of using the tested composite materials based on the aramid fibers with virtually no restrictions. This is especially true for air support structures of various functional purposes.
{"title":"Fire Hazards and Priority Areas of Fire-Safe Application of Composite Materials Based on the Aramid Fibers","authors":"V.Yu. Grigorov, O. Krivoshapkina, V. Melnikov, N. V. Smirnov","doi":"10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-52-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-52-55","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to topical issues of research on the fire hazard of composite materials in particular the materials based on the aramid fibers. Preliminary analysis of possible areas of their application showed the need for conducting hazard studies. For fire-resistant fabrics considering the operating conditions, research and test methods were justified and selected to determine and evaluate the indicators of flammability, smoke-generating ability, toxicity of combustion products, specific emission of some toxic gases and oxygen consumption, burnout rate. For this purpose, both standard methods and a separate experimental method of complex testing were used. Based on the results of these studies, the new experimental data were obtained, which indicate the fireproof properties of composite materials and fabrics based on the aramid fibers. So, for example, the tested samples belong to the groups (classes) of materials D1 (with low smoke-forming ability), T1 (low-hazardous) in terms of toxicity of combustion products, B1 (hard to ignite) in terms of flammability. The experimental fire hazard data analyzed in the work allow to draw conclusions about the possibility of using the tested composite materials based on the aramid fibers with virtually no restrictions. This is especially true for air support structures of various functional purposes.","PeriodicalId":35650,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost'' Truda v Promyshlennosti","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49507770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-62-66
A. Fedoseev, V. Gorelov
The paper considers the conditions and causes that led to an accident during the construction of a bridge crossing over the Volga on support № 4. For the construction of the pile foundation of the main supports, a SENNEBOGEN 7700 erection crane was used, installed on an auxiliary technological bridge. The accident occurred on 06.12.2020. The SENNEBOGEN 7700 crane fell from the technological bridge into the water when moving a diesel hammer with a cage weighing 61 tons to the storage site. Analysis of the accident recording of the external surveillance camera, the results of the diving survey and the information decoded from the parameter recorder allow to conclude that the crane was lifting a load less than the maximum load capacity according to the project. The parameter recorder before the time of the accident showed that there was no overload. The accident was caused by the destruction of one of the ceiling beams on which the crane was located. This beam was found destroyed at the bottom of the river. To determine the reasons for the destruction of the beam, the expert organization EDO Research Center LLC conducted an expert examination of the support beams BO1. To do this, the destroyed elements of the bridge were raised from the bottom of the river, and the studies of the metal of the beam, welds, and the entire structure were carried out. A full analysis of the design and working documentation, according to which the beams were made, was carried out. The article analyzes the reasons that led to the destruction of the beam, and provides recommendations for the designers, manufacturers and enterprises operating technical devices at the hazardous production facilities. The organization-customer of such structures should entrust their manufacture only to the specialized organizations. The manufacturing organization is obliged to prepare a passport with a serial number, instructions for installation and operation, documents confirming the performance of the designated type and scope of non-destructive testing of welds, provide the design with a marking plate, and apply personal marks of welders to the welds. The operating organization, in case of doubt as to the quality of the manufacture of the product, should not use such structures in the construction of especially hazardous facilities.
{"title":"Reasons for the Destruction of the Technological Bridge","authors":"A. Fedoseev, V. Gorelov","doi":"10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-62-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-62-66","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers the conditions and causes that led to an accident during the construction of a bridge crossing over the Volga on support № 4. For the construction of the pile foundation of the main supports, a SENNEBOGEN 7700 erection crane was used, installed on an auxiliary technological bridge. The accident occurred on 06.12.2020. The SENNEBOGEN 7700 crane fell from the technological bridge into the water when moving a diesel hammer with a cage weighing 61 tons to the storage site. Analysis of the accident recording of the external surveillance camera, the results of the diving survey and the information decoded from the parameter recorder allow to conclude that the crane was lifting a load less than the maximum load capacity according to the project. The parameter recorder before the time of the accident showed that there was no overload. The accident was caused by the destruction of one of the ceiling beams on which the crane was located. This beam was found destroyed at the bottom of the river. To determine the reasons for the destruction of the beam, the expert organization EDO Research Center LLC conducted an expert examination of the support beams BO1. To do this, the destroyed elements of the bridge were raised from the bottom of the river, and the studies of the metal of the beam, welds, and the entire structure were carried out. A full analysis of the design and working documentation, according to which the beams were made, was carried out. The article analyzes the reasons that led to the destruction of the beam, and provides recommendations for the designers, manufacturers and enterprises operating technical devices at the hazardous production facilities. The organization-customer of such structures should entrust their manufacture only to the specialized organizations. The manufacturing organization is obliged to prepare a passport with a serial number, instructions for installation and operation, documents confirming the performance of the designated type and scope of non-destructive testing of welds, provide the design with a marking plate, and apply personal marks of welders to the welds. The operating organization, in case of doubt as to the quality of the manufacture of the product, should not use such structures in the construction of especially hazardous facilities.","PeriodicalId":35650,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost'' Truda v Promyshlennosti","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48705018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-7-14
V. Gorev, Evgeniya Chelekova, N.V. Leshchev
The dynamics of the development of an internal explosion is studied considering the action of blast relief panels. The time spent on the exit of the blast relief panel from the opening, as well as the effect of gravity, are considered. The processes are investigated from the moment the blast relief panel leaves the opening and until it is fully opened. A model is formed considering the initial speed of the blast relief panel at the exit from the opening. The model is limited to considering the pressures, at which it is assumed that the degree of expansion of gases during combustion is unchanged, and to determine the rate of gas outflow, the Bernoulli equation for an incompressible liquid is applicable. Dimensionless complexes and parameters characterizing the process under study are established. As a final result, the dependence of the maximum pressure during the opening-up of the opening (the first peak) from the dimensionless complex based on the initial data is proposed. Among them are the characteristics of the blast relief panel, the combustion rate, the geometric shape, and dimensions of the opening. It is concluded that the maximum possible pressure at the first peak does not directly depend on the area of the opening. The rate of pressure relief at the moment of opening-up of the opening is determined by the area of the side space calculated as the product of the perimeter of the opening to the amount of displacement of the blast relief panel. A method is proposed for reducing pressure at the first peak by increasing the number of openings while maintaining the total area for pressure relief, which depends on the bearing capacity of panels. The results obtained allow to establish under what conditions the pressure at the first peak exceeds the pressure at the second one. Thanks to this, it is possible to adjust the explosion resistance of an object by changing the design of a blast relief panel, or by strengthening the load-bearing elements.
{"title":"On the Efficiency of Blast Relief Panels Located in the Cover","authors":"V. Gorev, Evgeniya Chelekova, N.V. Leshchev","doi":"10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-7-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-7-14","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamics of the development of an internal explosion is studied considering the action of blast relief panels. The time spent on the exit of the blast relief panel from the opening, as well as the effect of gravity, are considered. The processes are investigated from the moment the blast relief panel leaves the opening and until it is fully opened. A model is formed considering the initial speed of the blast relief panel at the exit from the opening. The model is limited to considering the pressures, at which it is assumed that the degree of expansion of gases during combustion is unchanged, and to determine the rate of gas outflow, the Bernoulli equation for an incompressible liquid is applicable. Dimensionless complexes and parameters characterizing the process under study are established. As a final result, the dependence of the maximum pressure during the opening-up of the opening (the first peak) from the dimensionless complex based on the initial data is proposed. Among them are the characteristics of the blast relief panel, the combustion rate, the geometric shape, and dimensions of the opening. It is concluded that the maximum possible pressure at the first peak does not directly depend on the area of the opening. The rate of pressure relief at the moment of opening-up of the opening is determined by the area of the side space calculated as the product of the perimeter of the opening to the amount of displacement of the blast relief panel. A method is proposed for reducing pressure at the first peak by increasing the number of openings while maintaining the total area for pressure relief, which depends on the bearing capacity of panels. The results obtained allow to establish under what conditions the pressure at the first peak exceeds the pressure at the second one. Thanks to this, it is possible to adjust the explosion resistance of an object by changing the design of a blast relief panel, or by strengthening the load-bearing elements.","PeriodicalId":35650,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost'' Truda v Promyshlennosti","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48198518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-41-45
N. Ovchinnikov
Safety of the underground mining operations largely depends on the reliability of the functioning of the drainage facilities system. Practice shows that over the past few years, the reliability of the main drainage system of the underground kimberlite mine Udachny was noticeably decreased. One of the reasons for this was the low operational reliability of pumping equipment. External examinations of the failed parts of the flow part of pumps operating in the drainage systems of domestic kimberlite mines indicate the dominance of hydroabrasive wear in the overall picture of their multifactorial destruction. Mine waters pumped from the drainage mine workings of the Udachny mine is considered the most polluted among the mines of ALROSA. The main reason for the increase in the concentration of solid particles in the mine waters pumped to the daytime surface by the pumping equipment of the main drainage plant of the Udachny mine was the growing pollution of the waters coming from the drainage basins of the district drainage into its clarifying reservoirs. Such an intensive removal of mechanical impurities from the catchments of the district drainage into the clarifying tanks of the main drainage system is explained by an increase in the rate of siltation of the catchment tanks. And the rapid siltation of the catchments, in turn, is caused by the systematic removal of sludge-slurry pulp from the lower part of the skip trunk. It is established that the sludge slurry is formed during the overload of the extracted kimberlite ore from the feeder to the conveyor belt. There, its spilled part is washed off with water used for irrigation of diamond-bearing raw materials into the skip barrel. To reduce the rate of siltation of the drainage basins of the district drainage system, a mechanized complex for cleaning spilled rock mass was developed, described in the article.
{"title":"On Ensuring the Safe Operation of the Main Dewatering Plant at the Udachny Mine","authors":"N. Ovchinnikov","doi":"10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-41-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-41-45","url":null,"abstract":"Safety of the underground mining operations largely depends on the reliability of the functioning of the drainage facilities system. Practice shows that over the past few years, the reliability of the main drainage system of the underground kimberlite mine Udachny was noticeably decreased. One of the reasons for this was the low operational reliability of pumping equipment. External examinations of the failed parts of the flow part of pumps operating in the drainage systems of domestic kimberlite mines indicate the dominance of hydroabrasive wear in the overall picture of their multifactorial destruction. Mine waters pumped from the drainage mine workings of the Udachny mine is considered the most polluted among the mines of ALROSA. The main reason for the increase in the concentration of solid particles in the mine waters pumped to the daytime surface by the pumping equipment of the main drainage plant of the Udachny mine was the growing pollution of the waters coming from the drainage basins of the district drainage into its clarifying reservoirs. Such an intensive removal of mechanical impurities from the catchments of the district drainage into the clarifying tanks of the main drainage system is explained by an increase in the rate of siltation of the catchment tanks. And the rapid siltation of the catchments, in turn, is caused by the systematic removal of sludge-slurry pulp from the lower part of the skip trunk. It is established that the sludge slurry is formed during the overload of the extracted kimberlite ore from the feeder to the conveyor belt. There, its spilled part is washed off with water used for irrigation of diamond-bearing raw materials into the skip barrel. To reduce the rate of siltation of the drainage basins of the district drainage system, a mechanized complex for cleaning spilled rock mass was developed, described in the article.","PeriodicalId":35650,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost'' Truda v Promyshlennosti","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46628984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-56-61
V. Efimov, T. Korchagina
Liquidation of the vertical shafts at hazardous production facilities — mines closed by dry or wet methods, in standard situations does not present any particular difficulties. The most complex, but environmentally friendly in technical and technological terms is the development and implementation of the combined method for the liquidation of hazardous mines of the Prokopyevsko-Kiselevsky coal district of Kuzbass with the depleted space of spent powerful coal seams opened by vertical shafts. This is related to the fact that these mines have, as a rule, common boundaries of mountain allotments and either a direct hydraulic or hydrogeological connection. It is established that the mines of the Prokopyevsko-Kiselevsky coal district form two hydraulically connected groups of mines: northern and southern. When they are closed and flooded, there is a flow of groundwater from one depleted space of the mine to another — neighboring, with the danger of water leaving at the lowest point on the earth surface. The combined method provides for flooding of the liquidated mines to a certain level, the level of which is regulated by installation in one of the vertical shafts of submersible pumps. After establishing the fact of complete flow of water and stabilization of the depression funnel, the dewatering complex is dismantled and the trunk, in which it was mounted, is eliminated. On the example of the Ziminka mine and the mine named after K.E. Voroshilov, the technical solutions, and the technological schemes for the safe liquidation of vertical shafts of pits and wells are shown. Liquidation is carried out by backfilling with non-combustible material with the preliminary erection of water-resistant insulating jumpers in the horizontal workings, and the installation of floor shelves in the long part and mouth.
{"title":"Features of Ecological and Safe Liquidation of the Vertical Workings of Mines of the Prokopyevsko-Kiselevskiy Coal District of Kuzbass","authors":"V. Efimov, T. Korchagina","doi":"10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-56-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-56-61","url":null,"abstract":"Liquidation of the vertical shafts at hazardous production facilities — mines closed by dry or wet methods, in standard situations does not present any particular difficulties. The most complex, but environmentally friendly in technical and technological terms is the development and implementation of the combined method for the liquidation of hazardous mines of the Prokopyevsko-Kiselevsky coal district of Kuzbass with the depleted space of spent powerful coal seams opened by vertical shafts. This is related to the fact that these mines have, as a rule, common boundaries of mountain allotments and either a direct hydraulic or hydrogeological connection. It is established that the mines of the Prokopyevsko-Kiselevsky coal district form two hydraulically connected groups of mines: northern and southern. When they are closed and flooded, there is a flow of groundwater from one depleted space of the mine to another — neighboring, with the danger of water leaving at the lowest point on the earth surface. The combined method provides for flooding of the liquidated mines to a certain level, the level of which is regulated by installation in one of the vertical shafts of submersible pumps. After establishing the fact of complete flow of water and stabilization of the depression funnel, the dewatering complex is dismantled and the trunk, in which it was mounted, is eliminated. On the example of the Ziminka mine and the mine named after K.E. Voroshilov, the technical solutions, and the technological schemes for the safe liquidation of vertical shafts of pits and wells are shown. Liquidation is carried out by backfilling with non-combustible material with the preliminary erection of water-resistant insulating jumpers in the horizontal workings, and the installation of floor shelves in the long part and mouth.","PeriodicalId":35650,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost'' Truda v Promyshlennosti","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41784286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-73-78
N.Ya. Samchuk-Khabarova, V. Gaponov
The issue of optimizing the process of training in occupational safety by converting it into an electronic format using distance technologies is considered. It is proposed to use a software product synchronized with existing databases, while access to e-learning is open for use from any convenient devices, including numbers and mobiles. In order to personalize the participants in the learning process, when registering each account, an electronic signature is created, which the employee uses to confirm the completion of the briefing and other training. When an employee logs in to a personal account, an active list of available training programs is displayed. The relevant database of information is displayed for the persons conducting training and knowledge testing. As part of the innovations, the current legislation provides the employer with the opportunity to independently determine the form and method of recording the briefing, which allows to get away from keeping a log of briefings, i.e., switch from paper to digital. An algorithm for conducting and accounting for instruction in electronic format is presented step by step. Internship is carried out directly at the production site, however, the workflow is automated in the program and the development of new skills is also recorded in the electronic application. Training in occupational safety according to the necessary programs is carried out according to automatically generated lists. Depending on the type of training, it is supposed to independently familiarize yourself with the educational and methodological material, conduct lectures via video conferencing, and conduct practical exercises in the classroom or at production sites. The application has a separate tab for checking knowledge. The commission, trained and certified in accordance with the requirements of the law, tests the knowledge of employees either in the format of testing or via videoconferencing. Based on the results of the check, a protocol with electronic signatures of all participants in the process is automatically generated.
{"title":"Rationalization of the Process of Training in Occupational Safety Requirements in Order to Increase the Efficiency of Risk Hedging","authors":"N.Ya. Samchuk-Khabarova, V. Gaponov","doi":"10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-73-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-73-78","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of optimizing the process of training in occupational safety by converting it into an electronic format using distance technologies is considered. It is proposed to use a software product synchronized with existing databases, while access to e-learning is open for use from any convenient devices, including numbers and mobiles. In order to personalize the participants in the learning process, when registering each account, an electronic signature is created, which the employee uses to confirm the completion of the briefing and other training. When an employee logs in to a personal account, an active list of available training programs is displayed. The relevant database of information is displayed for the persons conducting training and knowledge testing. As part of the innovations, the current legislation provides the employer with the opportunity to independently determine the form and method of recording the briefing, which allows to get away from keeping a log of briefings, i.e., switch from paper to digital. An algorithm for conducting and accounting for instruction in electronic format is presented step by step. Internship is carried out directly at the production site, however, the workflow is automated in the program and the development of new skills is also recorded in the electronic application. Training in occupational safety according to the necessary programs is carried out according to automatically generated lists. Depending on the type of training, it is supposed to independently familiarize yourself with the educational and methodological material, conduct lectures via video conferencing, and conduct practical exercises in the classroom or at production sites. The application has a separate tab for checking knowledge. The commission, trained and certified in accordance with the requirements of the law, tests the knowledge of employees either in the format of testing or via videoconferencing. Based on the results of the check, a protocol with electronic signatures of all participants in the process is automatically generated.","PeriodicalId":35650,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost'' Truda v Promyshlennosti","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41795110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-67-72
N. Cherdantsev
Sorption isotherm is dependence between the specific mass of methane contained in a unit volume of coal and its pore pressure, and it is constructed based on the Langmuir dependence. Two coefficients included in this dependence are determined from the solution of the system of equations after the values of the specific mass of methane in two different places of the reservoir are determined. In this regard, a control well is drilled from the face of mining working, and measurements of methane parameters are made from it at two different depths. These parameters include the initial rate of gas release from the well and the pressure of methane in it. The initial outgassing rate is determined using a flow meter. And for pressure measurements, capital sealing of the well is required since the pressure of methane in it can squeeze out the sealer. Therefore, for these purposes, it is proposed to use not a sealer, but a spherical shell into which methane enters from the well. The shell material is adopted with low stiffness characteristics therefore it is easy to measure its dimensions. Deformation of the shell under the action of excessive pressure of methane is associated with its geometric and physical-mechanical parameters, which are determined by the well-known formulas of the theory of shells. Knowing the magnitude of shell deformation, it is easy to calculate the methane excess pressure. According to the conclusions of Academician S.A. Khristianovich the filtration processes in a coal seam with a moving free edge are stationary, and isothermal. Therefore, it is not difficult to switch from the excess pressure in the shell to the pressure in the well, and, consequently, to the pore pressure of methane. With known values of the initial gas release rate and methane pressure, it is easy to calculate the specific mass of the methane in the well in two of its sections, and then determine the porosity coefficients from the Langmuir equation.
{"title":"On One Method of Constructing a Sorption Isotherm of a Coal Seam","authors":"N. Cherdantsev","doi":"10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-67-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-67-72","url":null,"abstract":"Sorption isotherm is dependence between the specific mass of methane contained in a unit volume of coal and its pore pressure, and it is constructed based on the Langmuir dependence. Two coefficients included in this dependence are determined from the solution of the system of equations after the values of the specific mass of methane in two different places of the reservoir are determined. In this regard, a control well is drilled from the face of mining working, and measurements of methane parameters are made from it at two different depths. These parameters include the initial rate of gas release from the well and the pressure of methane in it. The initial outgassing rate is determined using a flow meter. And for pressure measurements, capital sealing of the well is required since the pressure of methane in it can squeeze out the sealer. Therefore, for these purposes, it is proposed to use not a sealer, but a spherical shell into which methane enters from the well. The shell material is adopted with low stiffness characteristics therefore it is easy to measure its dimensions. Deformation of the shell under the action of excessive pressure of methane is associated with its geometric and physical-mechanical parameters, which are determined by the well-known formulas of the theory of shells. Knowing the magnitude of shell deformation, it is easy to calculate the methane excess pressure. According to the conclusions of Academician S.A. Khristianovich the filtration processes in a coal seam with a moving free edge are stationary, and isothermal. Therefore, it is not difficult to switch from the excess pressure in the shell to the pressure in the well, and, consequently, to the pore pressure of methane. With known values of the initial gas release rate and methane pressure, it is easy to calculate the specific mass of the methane in the well in two of its sections, and then determine the porosity coefficients from the Langmuir equation.","PeriodicalId":35650,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost'' Truda v Promyshlennosti","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46677330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-15-19
M. Lišková, V. Golik
The issue was studied related to increasing occupational safety in underground mining of the mineral raw materials. The forms of the goaf are classified. An algorithm was developed for air distribution in emergency ventilation mode, including when the main ventilation fan is turned on after an emergency stop. The possibilities and mechanism of the fan influence at the stages of ventilation in emergency conditions was clarified. An algorithm is proposed for calculating ventilation parameters in case of emergency reversion of the ventilation jet. The methods for calculating the amount of air and the inertia of the ventilation system are presented at normal ventilation and during the transition from normal ventilation to emergency. The problem of air distribution during the transition period is solved with the representation of the air branch in the form of a node with multidirectional and limited movement of air jets. The methodology for predicting hazardous working situations is detailed based on the laws of diffusion transfer of gas components of the mine atmosphere. A new method of experimental determination of elements of the transitional period of ventilation was developed. The results are given concerning the study of the influence of the goaf on the efficiency of the fans operation and the duration of the transition process after reversing the fan in an emergency. A new idea is substantiated related to the gas situation as a fragment of a ventilation network with distributed sources of oxygen absorption and gas release. The structure of the matrix of the state of mine workings in an emergency was proposed. An algorithm for calculating ventilation modes for optimizing emergency response plans is formulated. It is shown that the establishment of the regularity of the processes of gas transfer during emergency ventilation mode allows to increase the efficiency of measures to ensure occupational safety in underground mining.
{"title":"Regularities of Aerogasodynamic Processes During the Underground Fires","authors":"M. Lišková, V. Golik","doi":"10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-15-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-15-19","url":null,"abstract":"The issue was studied related to increasing occupational safety in underground mining of the mineral raw materials. The forms of the goaf are classified. An algorithm was developed for air distribution in emergency ventilation mode, including when the main ventilation fan is turned on after an emergency stop. The possibilities and mechanism of the fan influence at the stages of ventilation in emergency conditions was clarified. An algorithm is proposed for calculating ventilation parameters in case of emergency reversion of the ventilation jet. The methods for calculating the amount of air and the inertia of the ventilation system are presented at normal ventilation and during the transition from normal ventilation to emergency. The problem of air distribution during the transition period is solved with the representation of the air branch in the form of a node with multidirectional and limited movement of air jets. The methodology for predicting hazardous working situations is detailed based on the laws of diffusion transfer of gas components of the mine atmosphere. A new method of experimental determination of elements of the transitional period of ventilation was developed. The results are given concerning the study of the influence of the goaf on the efficiency of the fans operation and the duration of the transition process after reversing the fan in an emergency. A new idea is substantiated related to the gas situation as a fragment of a ventilation network with distributed sources of oxygen absorption and gas release. The structure of the matrix of the state of mine workings in an emergency was proposed. An algorithm for calculating ventilation modes for optimizing emergency response plans is formulated. It is shown that the establishment of the regularity of the processes of gas transfer during emergency ventilation mode allows to increase the efficiency of measures to ensure occupational safety in underground mining.","PeriodicalId":35650,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost'' Truda v Promyshlennosti","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44950466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-46-51
E. Gvozdev
The use of the method of complex numbers for solving problems of managing the integrated safety system at the enterprises of the oil and gas complex of Russia is substantiated. A formalized description is presented related to the sequence of processing data taken from the statistics of accidents and fires at the enterprises under consideration. The mathematical apparatus of complex numbers was successfully used in various fields — for example, to determine the magnitude of the deviation of characteristics (current from voltage) in electrical engineering. It is possible to represent the instantaneous value of the characteristic under study on the plane through the proven connection between trigonometric functions and the exponent using the method of complex numbers. The use of this method in the integrated safety of enterprises allows to compactly state the sequence in the growth and development of conditions for the occurrence of hazardous events (accidents and fires) that cause damage (material and economic, sanitary, and irretrievable losses of the personnel and third parties). The figures allow to represent the complex value of the influence of factors causing damage from hazardous events (accidents and fires) in the form of vectors directed towards the area of primary and secondary factors and having a deviation from each other by an angle φ. This angle is used in the calculations for the equivalent determination of the impact of damage caused by hazardous events. The example is presented that proves in practice the adequacy of using the method of complex numbers for solving problems in managing the integrated safety system of enterprises in the oil and gas complex of Russia.
{"title":"Integrated Safety Management of Russian Oil and Gas Enterprises Using the Complex Number Method","authors":"E. Gvozdev","doi":"10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-46-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2023-5-46-51","url":null,"abstract":"The use of the method of complex numbers for solving problems of managing the integrated safety system at the enterprises of the oil and gas complex of Russia is substantiated. A formalized description is presented related to the sequence of processing data taken from the statistics of accidents and fires at the enterprises under consideration. The mathematical apparatus of complex numbers was successfully used in various fields — for example, to determine the magnitude of the deviation of characteristics (current from voltage) in electrical engineering. It is possible to represent the instantaneous value of the characteristic under study on the plane through the proven connection between trigonometric functions and the exponent using the method of complex numbers. The use of this method in the integrated safety of enterprises allows to compactly state the sequence in the growth and development of conditions for the occurrence of hazardous events (accidents and fires) that cause damage (material and economic, sanitary, and irretrievable losses of the personnel and third parties). The figures allow to represent the complex value of the influence of factors causing damage from hazardous events (accidents and fires) in the form of vectors directed towards the area of primary and secondary factors and having a deviation from each other by an angle φ. This angle is used in the calculations for the equivalent determination of the impact of damage caused by hazardous events. The example is presented that proves in practice the adequacy of using the method of complex numbers for solving problems in managing the integrated safety system of enterprises in the oil and gas complex of Russia.","PeriodicalId":35650,"journal":{"name":"Bezopasnost'' Truda v Promyshlennosti","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43487136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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