Vasantha Shetty, Aarti Deepak, Manisha B. S., Reshma Koteshwara
Introduction: Premedication has an important role to play in modern day anaesthesia care. In recent years, clonidine is making a comeback as a premedicant. Our study deals with haemodynamic changes to ephedrine after oral clonidine premedication for spinal anaesthesia with or without concurrent administration of drugs.The purpose of the study is to know the effect of oral clonidine premedication on haemodynamic status including vasopressor response of ephedrine during spinal anaesthesia. Materials: This is a prospective randomized double blinded controlled study. Sixty adult patients belonging to ASA I scheduled for elective surgery under spinal anaesthesia were selected. The patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups.Oral clonidine 4 microgram/kg was administered to group A(Clonidine group, n equal to 30) and 90 and one tablet of vitamin (placebo) orally 90 minutes was administered to group B (Control group, n equal to 30)90 minutes prior to anaesthesia. On the morning of surgery, blood pressure was measured before premedication and 90 minutes later. Sedation and anxiolysis were scored during clonidine premedication and 90th minute afterwards. When SBP decreased to 80% of the pre-spinal value, bolus IV injection of ephedrine 0.1 mg/kg was administered. After ephedrine injections, blood pressure and heart rate were recorded at 1 minute interval for 10 minutes. Results: Group A patients were found to have low SBP, DBP, MBP and HR when compared to group B. Intravenous ephedrine augmented blood pressure more than the control group. Statistically significant difference was found for SBP after 5 minutes, for MBP after 4 minutes of ephedrine administration and no significant difference was found for DBP. Conclusion: We conclude from our study that clonidine administered orally in a dose of 4 microgram/kg as a premedicant increases the pressor responses to IV injection ephedrine 0.2 mg/kg in patients with subarachnoid block.
{"title":"Clonidine premedication in spinal anaesthesia: Effect on hemodynamic status and vasopressor response to ephedrine","authors":"Vasantha Shetty, Aarti Deepak, Manisha B. S., Reshma Koteshwara","doi":"10.51248/.v43i5.3633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i5.3633","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Premedication has an important role to play in modern day anaesthesia care. In recent years, clonidine is making a comeback as a premedicant. Our study deals with haemodynamic changes to ephedrine after oral clonidine premedication for spinal anaesthesia with or without concurrent administration of drugs.The purpose of the study is to know the effect of oral clonidine premedication on haemodynamic status including vasopressor response of ephedrine during spinal anaesthesia. Materials: This is a prospective randomized double blinded controlled study. Sixty adult patients belonging to ASA I scheduled for elective surgery under spinal anaesthesia were selected. The patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups.Oral clonidine 4 microgram/kg was administered to group A(Clonidine group, n equal to 30) and 90 and one tablet of vitamin (placebo) orally 90 minutes was administered to group B (Control group, n equal to 30)90 minutes prior to anaesthesia. On the morning of surgery, blood pressure was measured before premedication and 90 minutes later. Sedation and anxiolysis were scored during clonidine premedication and 90th minute afterwards. When SBP decreased to 80% of the pre-spinal value, bolus IV injection of ephedrine 0.1 mg/kg was administered. After ephedrine injections, blood pressure and heart rate were recorded at 1 minute interval for 10 minutes. Results: Group A patients were found to have low SBP, DBP, MBP and HR when compared to group B. Intravenous ephedrine augmented blood pressure more than the control group. Statistically significant difference was found for SBP after 5 minutes, for MBP after 4 minutes of ephedrine administration and no significant difference was found for DBP. Conclusion: We conclude from our study that clonidine administered orally in a dose of 4 microgram/kg as a premedicant increases the pressor responses to IV injection ephedrine 0.2 mg/kg in patients with subarachnoid block.","PeriodicalId":35655,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine (India)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135430055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ligneous conjunctivitis is a type of chronic conjunctivitis characterized by the presence of pseudomembranes on the conjunctival surface. It can present as a part of a multisystem disease with involvement of other mucous membranes. A 1-year-old girl presented with features of conjunctivitis. Local examination revealed thick exudates in left tarsal conjunctiva, which was diagnosed as an ulcer with pseudomembrane and sterile culture. The patient presented with a nodular mass in the same site after a year, which showed a pseudomembrane along with sub- epithelial hyaline lobular deposits negative for Congo red, concurring a diagnosis of ligneous conjunctivitis. The patient was prescribed topical lubricating agents and regular follow up. Ligneous conjunctivitis is attributed to a deficiency of plasminogen, which plays a vital part in wound healing. The present case highlights the progression of pseudomembrane into a ligneous lesion in a child who was resisting medication and follows up.
{"title":"Pseudomembrane to nodule-gamut of ligneous conjunctivitis: A case report","authors":"Pavithra Prabhakar, Varun Kumar Singh, Namratha Rao, Sudha Girish Menon","doi":"10.51248/.v43i4.566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i4.566","url":null,"abstract":"Ligneous conjunctivitis is a type of chronic conjunctivitis characterized by the presence of pseudomembranes on the conjunctival surface. It can present as a part of a multisystem disease with involvement of other mucous membranes. A 1-year-old girl presented with features of conjunctivitis. Local examination revealed thick exudates in left tarsal conjunctiva, which was diagnosed as an ulcer with pseudomembrane and sterile culture. The patient presented with a nodular mass in the same site after a year, which showed a pseudomembrane along with sub- epithelial hyaline lobular deposits negative for Congo red, concurring a diagnosis of ligneous conjunctivitis. The patient was prescribed topical lubricating agents and regular follow up. Ligneous conjunctivitis is attributed to a deficiency of plasminogen, which plays a vital part in wound healing. The present case highlights the progression of pseudomembrane into a ligneous lesion in a child who was resisting medication and follows up.","PeriodicalId":35655,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine (India)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136314035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sri Varshini S., Abhenay Shree R., K. Adalarasu, Jagannath M.
Introduction and Aim: Music is known to have positive effects on humans and enhances mental health. This study presents the outcomes of a preliminary research that investigates Indian’s music preferences between string (sitar) and percussion (parai) instruments. Materials and Methods: 85 participants made up the sample (25 males and 60 females), who were aged between 18 and 60 and came from different regions of India. The participants responded to an online survey made up of Likert scale questions using Google forms. Results: According to preliminary findings from this study, female participants scored significantly (p<0.05) higher on the music preference scale for the string (sitar) instrument than male participants did. When compared to urban areas, people in rural areas have significantly (p<0.05) higher music preference scores. The participants’ preference score for percussion instruments was significantly (p<0.05) high as compared to string instruments. The male participants revealed significantly (p<0.05) high score for music importance when compared to the female participants. Conclusion: The study assessed the music preferences (sitar and parai) of Indian with an aid of questionnaire study with Likert scale. According to the study's findings, musical choices vary depending on a number of variables, including gender, age, place of residence, occupation, and musical instruments.
{"title":"Assessment of musical preferences and its association among Indian population","authors":"Sri Varshini S., Abhenay Shree R., K. Adalarasu, Jagannath M.","doi":"10.51248/.v43i4.2611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i4.2611","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Music is known to have positive effects on humans and enhances mental health. This study presents the outcomes of a preliminary research that investigates Indian’s music preferences between string (sitar) and percussion (parai) instruments. Materials and Methods: 85 participants made up the sample (25 males and 60 females), who were aged between 18 and 60 and came from different regions of India. The participants responded to an online survey made up of Likert scale questions using Google forms. Results: According to preliminary findings from this study, female participants scored significantly (p<0.05) higher on the music preference scale for the string (sitar) instrument than male participants did. When compared to urban areas, people in rural areas have significantly (p<0.05) higher music preference scores. The participants’ preference score for percussion instruments was significantly (p<0.05) high as compared to string instruments. The male participants revealed significantly (p<0.05) high score for music importance when compared to the female participants. Conclusion: The study assessed the music preferences (sitar and parai) of Indian with an aid of questionnaire study with Likert scale. According to the study's findings, musical choices vary depending on a number of variables, including gender, age, place of residence, occupation, and musical instruments.","PeriodicalId":35655,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine (India)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136308650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction and Aim: ‘Health is wealth’ is the best quote heard but the importance of it is realized only when health is lost. This study aims to assess the knowledge of health information, physical activity level among the adults and correlate this with their physical fitness. Methods: Healthy adults were recruited from the general population through simple random sampling. Physical activity, health literacy, muscle strength, endurance and flexibility were assessed using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Health Literacy Survey European Questionnaire 16, hand grip test, curl up test, sit and reach test respectively. Data analysis was performed using Primer of Biostatistics (Version 7) statistical software. Results: A total of 51 participants (36 females) with an average age of 34 years and BMI of 24.2 kg/m2 were recruited in the study. Health literacy (HL) score was found to be inadequate in 15% and limited in 37% of the studied population. Majority (62%) had low levels of physical activity. We found a strong association of health literacy, with physical activity and muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility and physical fitness index (p = 0.000 for all). Conclusion: The health literacy was good, though the physical activity scores indicated more inactive people. Majority had normal muscle strength and average to above average level of flexibility, but muscle endurance was greatly affected owing to an unacceptable physical fitness index. The study demonstrates significant association between health literacy, physical activity, and physical fitness level among adults. Adequate health literacy is necessary to comprehend and utilize health information.
引言和目的:“健康就是财富”是听过的最好的名言，但它的重要性只有在失去健康的时候才会意识到。本研究旨在评估成人的健康资讯知识、身体活动水平及其与身体素质的关系。方法:采用简单随机抽样的方法在普通人群中招募健康成人。采用国际体育活动问卷(IPAQ)、欧洲健康素养调查问卷16、握力测试、蜷起测试、坐姿测试和伸够测试，分别对身体活动量、健康素养、肌力、耐力和柔韧性进行评估。使用Primer of Biostatistics (Version 7)统计软件进行数据分析。结果:研究共招募了51名参与者(36名女性)，平均年龄34岁，BMI为24.2 kg/m2。健康素养(HL)评分在15%的研究人群中不足，在37%的研究人群中受到限制。大多数人(62%)的身体活动水平较低。我们发现健康素养与身体活动和肌肉力量、肌肉耐力、柔韧性和身体健康指数有很强的关联(p = 0.000)。结论:健康素养较好，但体力活动得分较高。大多数人肌肉力量正常，柔韧性平均或高于平均水平，但由于身体健康指数不可接受，肌肉耐力受到很大影响。研究表明，成年人的健康素养、身体活动和身体健康水平之间存在显著关联。充分的卫生知识是理解和利用卫生信息的必要条件。
{"title":"Association of health literacy and physical activity with physical fitness level among adults","authors":"Ramya Jayakumar, Seema Tanaji Methre, Ashwini Namdeorao Patil","doi":"10.51248/.v43i4.2045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i4.2045","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: ‘Health is wealth’ is the best quote heard but the importance of it is realized only when health is lost. This study aims to assess the knowledge of health information, physical activity level among the adults and correlate this with their physical fitness. Methods: Healthy adults were recruited from the general population through simple random sampling. Physical activity, health literacy, muscle strength, endurance and flexibility were assessed using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Health Literacy Survey European Questionnaire 16, hand grip test, curl up test, sit and reach test respectively. Data analysis was performed using Primer of Biostatistics (Version 7) statistical software. Results: A total of 51 participants (36 females) with an average age of 34 years and BMI of 24.2 kg/m2 were recruited in the study. Health literacy (HL) score was found to be inadequate in 15% and limited in 37% of the studied population. Majority (62%) had low levels of physical activity. We found a strong association of health literacy, with physical activity and muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility and physical fitness index (p = 0.000 for all). Conclusion: The health literacy was good, though the physical activity scores indicated more inactive people. Majority had normal muscle strength and average to above average level of flexibility, but muscle endurance was greatly affected owing to an unacceptable physical fitness index. The study demonstrates significant association between health literacy, physical activity, and physical fitness level among adults. Adequate health literacy is necessary to comprehend and utilize health information.","PeriodicalId":35655,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine (India)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136314034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Milind Ballal, Akshatha U. Shetty, Supreetha Shetty
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is an autosomal recessive disease marked by lack of enzymes required to produce specific hormones. About 90-95% of CAH are caused by steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency and are the result of mutations in the CYP21A2 gene. Bartter syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hyperreninemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypokalaemia, and hypochloremia by activation of the RAS. The underlying renal abnormality results in electrolyte and acid-base imbalance abnormalities. We present a rare case of NCCAH coexisting with Bartter syndrome. A 5 years and 7 months old male was diagnosed with NCCAH at 20 days of life presented with fever and cold for one month, as well as recurrent UTIs for two weeks. General physical examination revealed carpopedal spasm, pubic hairs (+) with penile length (8.5 cm). Investigation revealed kaliuresis, hypercalciuria, metabolic alkalosis, hypokalaemia, and hypochloremia. X-ray of the left wrist revealed bone age as 9 years and genetic analysis was recommended. NCCAH with coexisting BS complicated with central precocious puberty was diagnosed. Symptomatic treatment was administered, and long-term steroid replacement advised. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia and Bartter syndrome is difficult to treat, and there is currently no complete cure. Close monitoring and prompt electrolyte replacement with symptomatic treatment are recommended.
{"title":"Co-existence of non-classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia and Bartter syndrome complicated with central precocious puberty: A rare presentation","authors":"Milind Ballal, Akshatha U. Shetty, Supreetha Shetty","doi":"10.51248/.v43i4.3460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i4.3460","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is an autosomal recessive disease marked by lack of enzymes required to produce specific hormones. About 90-95% of CAH are caused by steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency and are the result of mutations in the CYP21A2 gene. Bartter syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hyperreninemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypokalaemia, and hypochloremia by activation of the RAS. The underlying renal abnormality results in electrolyte and acid-base imbalance abnormalities. We present a rare case of NCCAH coexisting with Bartter syndrome. A 5 years and 7 months old male was diagnosed with NCCAH at 20 days of life presented with fever and cold for one month, as well as recurrent UTIs for two weeks. General physical examination revealed carpopedal spasm, pubic hairs (+) with penile length (8.5 cm). Investigation revealed kaliuresis, hypercalciuria, metabolic alkalosis, hypokalaemia, and hypochloremia. X-ray of the left wrist revealed bone age as 9 years and genetic analysis was recommended. NCCAH with coexisting BS complicated with central precocious puberty was diagnosed. Symptomatic treatment was administered, and long-term steroid replacement advised. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia and Bartter syndrome is difficult to treat, and there is currently no complete cure. Close monitoring and prompt electrolyte replacement with symptomatic treatment are recommended.","PeriodicalId":35655,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine (India)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136308477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction and Aim: Mamta Abhiyaan is one of the major approaches towards reaching the MDGs of reduction of MMR from present 178 to 100 and IMR from present 42 to 30 in India. Mamta Day is celebrated as an outreach services provision to each single beneficiary at grassroots level. Functionaries of Mamta day are FHW, ASHA, and AWW mainly. ASHA & AWW acts as community personnel which helps in counselling and mobilization for all services provided on Mamta day. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of ASHA and AWW on VHND (Village health and nutrition day) i.e., Mamata day of study district. Materials and Methods: Quantitative and qualitative research method, cross sectional study was conducted in rural areas of western Gujarat covering 40 Mamta days. Every participant was clearly explained the purpose of study and their consent was taken. It was an anonymous study using pre structured proforma from available literature. Results: At 82.5 % sites, AWW was present whereas 77.5% sites ASHA workers were present. At 10 session sites ASHA did not have a due list of any beneficiary. Most sessions were conducted at Anganwadi and sub centre. At all 31 session sites, ASHA was mobilizing beneficiaries to the site; and at 6 (15%) session sites, there was not any mobiliser available. At 30 out of 31 session sites, ASHA was reminding beneficiaries for the next visit. AWW was involved in various services which varied from one session to another. Conclusion: The presence of all three frontline workers (AWW, ASHA, and ANM) is essential for comprehensive VHND services, but there are notable challenges, including incomplete beneficiary lists and inadequate tracking of left-out children, hampering effective growth monitoring.
{"title":"Evaluation of role of mobilizers (ASHA & AWW) on village health and nutrition day (VHND) –Mamta day of study district","authors":"Mittal Rathod, Mehul Kaliya, Nilesh Prajapati, Chintan Bundela, Ilesh Kotecha, Dipesh Parmar","doi":"10.51248/.v43i4.2353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i4.2353","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Mamta Abhiyaan is one of the major approaches towards reaching the MDGs of reduction of MMR from present 178 to 100 and IMR from present 42 to 30 in India. Mamta Day is celebrated as an outreach services provision to each single beneficiary at grassroots level. Functionaries of Mamta day are FHW, ASHA, and AWW mainly. ASHA & AWW acts as community personnel which helps in counselling and mobilization for all services provided on Mamta day. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of ASHA and AWW on VHND (Village health and nutrition day) i.e., Mamata day of study district. Materials and Methods: Quantitative and qualitative research method, cross sectional study was conducted in rural areas of western Gujarat covering 40 Mamta days. Every participant was clearly explained the purpose of study and their consent was taken. It was an anonymous study using pre structured proforma from available literature. Results: At 82.5 % sites, AWW was present whereas 77.5% sites ASHA workers were present. At 10 session sites ASHA did not have a due list of any beneficiary. Most sessions were conducted at Anganwadi and sub centre. At all 31 session sites, ASHA was mobilizing beneficiaries to the site; and at 6 (15%) session sites, there was not any mobiliser available. At 30 out of 31 session sites, ASHA was reminding beneficiaries for the next visit. AWW was involved in various services which varied from one session to another. Conclusion: The presence of all three frontline workers (AWW, ASHA, and ANM) is essential for comprehensive VHND services, but there are notable challenges, including incomplete beneficiary lists and inadequate tracking of left-out children, hampering effective growth monitoring.","PeriodicalId":35655,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine (India)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136308645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarcomatoid and rhabdoid dedifferentiation of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) has long been recognized as subtypes with extremely poor prognosis and reduced progression-free survival. The overall incidence ranges from 5% to 20%. These subtypes present at an advanced stage at diagnosis and are associated with aggressive behaviour with a high recurrence rate. Promising results including complete response were observed in patients who tolerate the multi-modal treatment well. We report a case of a 75-year-old lady who underwent radical nephrectomy with renal vein thrombectomy for RCC. Histopathology confirmed clear cell carcinoma with rhabdoid and sarcomatoid differentiation. She was started on Sunitinib and followed up for 1 year. She is doing well at present with no recurrence. This case report stresses that though rhabdoid and sarcomatoid carcinoma have a dismal prognosis, the outcome is promising if detected early and offered multimodal treatment. The sRCC (sarcomatoid RCC) and rRCC (rhabdoid RCC) portend a poorer prognosis. Overall survival is slightly better with rRCC compared to sRCC. IHC (immunohistochemistry) plays an important role in diagnosing and treating these variants. The combination of the two variants further worsens the prognosis. Results are much better if the diagnosis is made early and prompt multimodal treatment is initiated.
{"title":"Sarcomatoid and rhabdoid dedifferentiation in clear cell renal cell carcinoma, a rare combo: Does that have a dismal prognosis?","authors":"Avijit Banerjee, Subalakshmi Balasubramanian, Sandhya Sundaram, Sriram Krishnamoorthy","doi":"10.51248/.v43i4.2769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i4.2769","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcomatoid and rhabdoid dedifferentiation of Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) has long been recognized as subtypes with extremely poor prognosis and reduced progression-free survival. The overall incidence ranges from 5% to 20%. These subtypes present at an advanced stage at diagnosis and are associated with aggressive behaviour with a high recurrence rate. Promising results including complete response were observed in patients who tolerate the multi-modal treatment well. We report a case of a 75-year-old lady who underwent radical nephrectomy with renal vein thrombectomy for RCC. Histopathology confirmed clear cell carcinoma with rhabdoid and sarcomatoid differentiation. She was started on Sunitinib and followed up for 1 year. She is doing well at present with no recurrence. This case report stresses that though rhabdoid and sarcomatoid carcinoma have a dismal prognosis, the outcome is promising if detected early and offered multimodal treatment. The sRCC (sarcomatoid RCC) and rRCC (rhabdoid RCC) portend a poorer prognosis. Overall survival is slightly better with rRCC compared to sRCC. IHC (immunohistochemistry) plays an important role in diagnosing and treating these variants. The combination of the two variants further worsens the prognosis. Results are much better if the diagnosis is made early and prompt multimodal treatment is initiated.","PeriodicalId":35655,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine (India)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136308647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lalitha K., Chandrasekar R., Muthukumar R., Mathukumar S., Christian G. J., Elansekaran S., Ramamurthy R, Srinivasan V., Gayatri R.
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disease in which there is an accelerated turnover of skin cell growth. This is one of the challenging conditions in dermatology where the treatment remains a conundrum. The symptoms get relapsed once the medicine/ treatment is withdrawn. An integrated approach of Siddha and Ayurvedic treatments renders the relapse of this condition deferred. We report an integrated approach in a 31-year-old male patient diagnosed with Psoriasis Vulgaris (PASI -18.3) and suffered for a duration of 20 years. The patient had lesions in the chest, abdomen, back of trunk, shoulder, knees, and scalp. He was treated with integrated Siddha and Ayurvedic modalities of treatment for a period of consecutive 40 days and was followed up without a treatment for a period of 1 year. No recurrence was observed after the complete resolution of lesions which occurred within 41 days of treatment. reported after three months of treatment. The importance of diet is highlighted. This study has unraveled possible effective treatments with long-lasting relief for psoriasis with an integrated approach.
{"title":"An integrated approach of psoriasis in the light of Siddha and Ayurveda – A clinical case report","authors":"Lalitha K., Chandrasekar R., Muthukumar R., Mathukumar S., Christian G. J., Elansekaran S., Ramamurthy R, Srinivasan V., Gayatri R.","doi":"10.51248/.v43i4.2362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i4.2362","url":null,"abstract":"Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune skin disease in which there is an accelerated turnover of skin cell growth. This is one of the challenging conditions in dermatology where the treatment remains a conundrum. The symptoms get relapsed once the medicine/ treatment is withdrawn. An integrated approach of Siddha and Ayurvedic treatments renders the relapse of this condition deferred. We report an integrated approach in a 31-year-old male patient diagnosed with Psoriasis Vulgaris (PASI -18.3) and suffered for a duration of 20 years. The patient had lesions in the chest, abdomen, back of trunk, shoulder, knees, and scalp. He was treated with integrated Siddha and Ayurvedic modalities of treatment for a period of consecutive 40 days and was followed up without a treatment for a period of 1 year. No recurrence was observed after the complete resolution of lesions which occurred within 41 days of treatment. reported after three months of treatment. The importance of diet is highlighted. This study has unraveled possible effective treatments with long-lasting relief for psoriasis with an integrated approach.","PeriodicalId":35655,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine (India)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136308638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction and Aim: Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) infections have high morbidity and mortality. The bundle care therapy for insertion and maintenance can prevent VAP effectively. Crucial steps being mouth care with Chlorhexidine and subglottic aspiration to prevent VAP. This study focuses on the attitude of ICU health care staff towards the implementation of the ventilator care bundle. Materials and Methods: The study is a descriptive and observational cross-sectional study using a structured self-administered questionnaire without any intervention, ascertained 150 Health care staff members of ICU around the clock. The analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: This study showed elevation of head in semi-recumbent position to have the highest acceptance frequency of 127 (84.7%) study participants. While implementation of spontaneous breathing trials had the lowest acceptance frequency of 74(49.4%) study participants. Most of the study participants have a general understanding of the steps to be taken for VAP prevention however only 39 study participants (26%) are sufficiently familiar with all the measures included in ventilator bundles when executed together are more efficient than if implemented individually. Conclusion: Due to this negative psychological attitude of ICU staff towards the implementation of the guidelines provided to them, the risk of VAP is ever-increasing suggesting a strict need for more training and education with responsibility towards improving the infection control practices on healthcare workers.
{"title":"Impact on approach of ICU staff towards ventilator care bundles and infection control practices in prevention of ventilator associated pneumonia in a tertiary care hospital","authors":"Fiza Jakhar, Pooja Rao, Suchitra Shenoy","doi":"10.51248/.v43i4.2600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i4.2600","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) infections have high morbidity and mortality. The bundle care therapy for insertion and maintenance can prevent VAP effectively. Crucial steps being mouth care with Chlorhexidine and subglottic aspiration to prevent VAP. This study focuses on the attitude of ICU health care staff towards the implementation of the ventilator care bundle. Materials and Methods: The study is a descriptive and observational cross-sectional study using a structured self-administered questionnaire without any intervention, ascertained 150 Health care staff members of ICU around the clock. The analysis was conducted using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: This study showed elevation of head in semi-recumbent position to have the highest acceptance frequency of 127 (84.7%) study participants. While implementation of spontaneous breathing trials had the lowest acceptance frequency of 74(49.4%) study participants. Most of the study participants have a general understanding of the steps to be taken for VAP prevention however only 39 study participants (26%) are sufficiently familiar with all the measures included in ventilator bundles when executed together are more efficient than if implemented individually. Conclusion: Due to this negative psychological attitude of ICU staff towards the implementation of the guidelines provided to them, the risk of VAP is ever-increasing suggesting a strict need for more training and education with responsibility towards improving the infection control practices on healthcare workers.","PeriodicalId":35655,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine (India)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135108421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction and Aim: Antibacterial substances are abundant in medicinal herbs, which are used in many extremely effective traditional medical therapies. Conocarpus lancifolius Engl. a plant species, has a wide range of therapeutic uses for the handling of haemophilia, inflammation, illness, eye ailments, fever, diabetes and headache. The study's goal was to assess the antibacterial efficacy, in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties of the solvent-based extract of C. lancifolius leaf material. Methodology: The investigation started in March 2023 and C. lancifolius leaves were collected in Tamil Nadu, India. To make the extracts, the maceration technique was employed. The phytochemical constitutions were identified by phytochemical test results. Using the agar diffusion method, the antibacterial capacity of C. lancifolius extracted from leaves was evaluated. Results: At the concentration of 100 microgram/mL level of probability, Gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus in addition to Bacillus cereus, respectively (18 and 21 mm) and Gram-negative microorganisms Escherichia coli combined with Klebsiella pneumoniae (23 and 20 mm) were considerably inhibited. Additionally, it has the strongest antifungal activity (20 mm) against Candida albicans. While the ethanol extract of the leaves significantly inhibited both Gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli as well as the pneumonia-causing bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae (22 and 19 mm) and Gram-positive bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and the yeast Bacillus cereus (18 and 20 mm). Conclusion: When compared to normal ascorbic acid, which had an antioxidant activity of 87.96 percent, C. lncifolius extract with chloroform exhibited a substantial antioxidant activity of 62.96 percent inhibition. When compared to a larger dose of normal diclofenac (84.11 percent), the more potent quantity of C. lncifolius extract with chloroform significantly inhibited inflammation by 75.12 percent under similar circumstances. Because there are biologically active compounds in the herbal preparation, the current investigation found that C. lancifolius may be a good therapeutic candidate.
{"title":"Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities of chloroform leaf extracts of Conocarpus lancifolius Engl","authors":"Periyasamy Parthiban, Arthanari Saravanakumar, Subramanian Mohanraj, Chellamuthu Kavinkumar, Abinayashree Sekar, Arumugam Gowtham, Somasundharam Sabari, Nandhiya Venkatachalam, Subramanian Mutheeswaran","doi":"10.51248/.v43i4.3178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51248/.v43i4.3178","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction and Aim: Antibacterial substances are abundant in medicinal herbs, which are used in many extremely effective traditional medical therapies. Conocarpus lancifolius Engl. a plant species, has a wide range of therapeutic uses for the handling of haemophilia, inflammation, illness, eye ailments, fever, diabetes and headache. The study's goal was to assess the antibacterial efficacy, in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties of the solvent-based extract of C. lancifolius leaf material. Methodology: The investigation started in March 2023 and C. lancifolius leaves were collected in Tamil Nadu, India. To make the extracts, the maceration technique was employed. The phytochemical constitutions were identified by phytochemical test results. Using the agar diffusion method, the antibacterial capacity of C. lancifolius extracted from leaves was evaluated. Results: At the concentration of 100 microgram/mL level of probability, Gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus in addition to Bacillus cereus, respectively (18 and 21 mm) and Gram-negative microorganisms Escherichia coli combined with Klebsiella pneumoniae (23 and 20 mm) were considerably inhibited. Additionally, it has the strongest antifungal activity (20 mm) against Candida albicans. While the ethanol extract of the leaves significantly inhibited both Gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli as well as the pneumonia-causing bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae (22 and 19 mm) and Gram-positive bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus and the yeast Bacillus cereus (18 and 20 mm). Conclusion: When compared to normal ascorbic acid, which had an antioxidant activity of 87.96 percent, C. lncifolius extract with chloroform exhibited a substantial antioxidant activity of 62.96 percent inhibition. When compared to a larger dose of normal diclofenac (84.11 percent), the more potent quantity of C. lncifolius extract with chloroform significantly inhibited inflammation by 75.12 percent under similar circumstances. Because there are biologically active compounds in the herbal preparation, the current investigation found that C. lancifolius may be a good therapeutic candidate.","PeriodicalId":35655,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicine (India)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135208818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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