Artus de Bretagne is a French Arthurian prose romance: its hero, Arthur, son of the Duke of Brittany, is a descendant of Lancelot and the text reuses many Arthurian motifs. This romance was probably composed around 1300. The oldest preserved version is found in the manuscript Paris BnF 761. Having edited Artus de Bretagne and studied all the manuscripts, I hypothesised that this version consisted of an initial, unfinished version followed by a continuation. In this article, the stylistic method, adapted to the medieval text, makes it possible to confirm this hypothesis. Portraits are very different in the two parts. As this Arthurian romance adopts an original oriental setting, with a Greek toponymy, and as the supposed patron is Duke John II of Brittany, who is known to have travelled to the Byzantine area following the crusade led by his brother-in-law Edward I, King of England, the study of the portraits invites us to put forward (with caution) the hypothesis of an influence of the Byzantine romances, as a fairy, a princess and an automaton have the same appearance.
{"title":"Des portraits qui ont du style : Artus de Bretagne, un roman et sa continuation dans le manuscrit Paris, BnF fr. 761","authors":"Christine Ferlampin-Acher","doi":"10.1556/068.2022.00047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2022.00047","url":null,"abstract":"Artus de Bretagne is a French Arthurian prose romance: its hero, Arthur, son of the Duke of Brittany, is a descendant of Lancelot and the text reuses many Arthurian motifs. This romance was probably composed around 1300. The oldest preserved version is found in the manuscript Paris BnF 761. Having edited Artus de Bretagne and studied all the manuscripts, I hypothesised that this version consisted of an initial, unfinished version followed by a continuation. In this article, the stylistic method, adapted to the medieval text, makes it possible to confirm this hypothesis. Portraits are very different in the two parts. As this Arthurian romance adopts an original oriental setting, with a Greek toponymy, and as the supposed patron is Duke John II of Brittany, who is known to have travelled to the Byzantine area following the crusade led by his brother-in-law Edward I, King of England, the study of the portraits invites us to put forward (with caution) the hypothesis of an influence of the Byzantine romances, as a fairy, a princess and an automaton have the same appearance.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43111830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article deals with the proposal to edit in French the Geoponica, issued by François de Neufchâteau in 1807, when he was president of the Society of Agriculture of Paris, in a document which I found in the National Library in France. This proposition, based on the Greek manuscript attributed to Constantine VII, would be a major scientific and editorial achievement, but it would also entail political issues, as it would respond to the dynastic evolution of the Napoleonic régime. This interest in Byzantine literature is uncommon but can be linked to the growing interest in the Orient and its past, which is an important aspect of the French imperial society under Napoléon. Those elements reveal the historical and scientific implications of such a proposition to edit a Byzantine text, a proposition that would remain unsuccessful, however.
我在法国国家图书馆找到了一份文件，内容是我在1807年担任巴黎农业学会会长的弗朗索瓦·德·诺伊夫·查斯特(franois de neufch teau)发表的《地质文献》(geoonica)中提出的用法文编辑的建议。根据君士坦丁七世的希腊手稿提出的这一主张，将是一项重大的科学和编辑成就，但它也将涉及政治问题，因为它将回应拿破仑帝国的王朝演变。这种对拜占庭文学的兴趣并不常见，但可以与对东方及其过去日益增长的兴趣联系起来，这是拿破仑时代法国帝国社会的一个重要方面。这些因素揭示了这样一个命题的历史和科学含义，编辑一个拜占庭文本，一个命题，将保持不成功，然而。
{"title":"Le projet d’édition des Géoponiques par François de Neufchâteau : un traité agronomique byzantin dans la France impériale de 1807","authors":"Nils Renard","doi":"10.1556/068.2022.00055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2022.00055","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with the proposal to edit in French the Geoponica, issued by François de Neufchâteau in 1807, when he was president of the Society of Agriculture of Paris, in a document which I found in the National Library in France. This proposition, based on the Greek manuscript attributed to Constantine VII, would be a major scientific and editorial achievement, but it would also entail political issues, as it would respond to the dynastic evolution of the Napoleonic régime. This interest in Byzantine literature is uncommon but can be linked to the growing interest in the Orient and its past, which is an important aspect of the French imperial society under Napoléon. Those elements reveal the historical and scientific implications of such a proposition to edit a Byzantine text, a proposition that would remain unsuccessful, however.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45735627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At the center of the study is the motif spread in Italy and Greece, in the Middle Ages and in folklore, of Mary's search for Jesus during the Passion. The historiographical and philological reconstruction of the motif takes its cue from a medieval Italian text, the “Pianto delle Marie marchigiano”, and first investigates modern Italian songs, to show their continuity with the Middle Ages; then the observation expands to the Hellenic “moirologia”, to highlight the strong resemblance to the Italic counterparts; we therefore try to bring these similarities back to historical unity, showing that we are dealing with two forms in which a long-lasting cultural memory persists.
研究的中心是中世纪在意大利和希腊流传的主题，以及在民间传说中，玛丽在受难期间寻找耶稣。该主题的史学和语言学重建从中世纪意大利文本“钢琴delle Marie marchigiano”中获得线索，并首先调查了现代意大利歌曲，以显示它们与中世纪的连续性;然后将观察扩展到希腊的“moirologia”，以突出与意大利对应的强烈相似之处;因此，我们试图将这些相似性带回历史统一性，表明我们正在处理两种形式，其中持久的文化记忆持续存在。
{"title":"La Vierge en quête de Jésus pendant la Passion. Entrelacs médiévaux et folkloriques entre l’Italie et la Grèce : rapprochements et questions ouvertes","authors":"Andrea Ghidoni","doi":"10.1556/068.2022.00048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2022.00048","url":null,"abstract":"At the center of the study is the motif spread in Italy and Greece, in the Middle Ages and in folklore, of Mary's search for Jesus during the Passion. The historiographical and philological reconstruction of the motif takes its cue from a medieval Italian text, the “Pianto delle Marie marchigiano”, and first investigates modern Italian songs, to show their continuity with the Middle Ages; then the observation expands to the Hellenic “moirologia”, to highlight the strong resemblance to the Italic counterparts; we therefore try to bring these similarities back to historical unity, showing that we are dealing with two forms in which a long-lasting cultural memory persists.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42377544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article sets out to explore different roles that the mention of zoophytes can play into some texts of Plato, Aristotle and byzantine commentators. Thus, the staging of the life of the marine lung in the Philebus represents a possible horizon of regression to be kept in mind, and not, as in John Philopon, a stage of man's formation that will necessarily be surpassed. For the latter, as for Aristotle, evoking zoophytes is a way of resolving the question of the frontier between living animals and plants by postulating the continuity between the plant and animal orders.
{"title":"Mentions des zoophytes chez Platon, Aristote et certains commentateurs byzantins : l’occasion d’un discours sur l’homme","authors":"Julie Minas","doi":"10.1556/068.2022.00046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2022.00046","url":null,"abstract":"This article sets out to explore different roles that the mention of zoophytes can play into some texts of Plato, Aristotle and byzantine commentators. Thus, the staging of the life of the marine lung in the Philebus represents a possible horizon of regression to be kept in mind, and not, as in John Philopon, a stage of man's formation that will necessarily be surpassed. For the latter, as for Aristotle, evoking zoophytes is a way of resolving the question of the frontier between living animals and plants by postulating the continuity between the plant and animal orders.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43407417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Not only the relationship of the known descendants of Prince Árpád to each other, but also their existence is sometimes in question. This paper discusses the possible names of Árpád’s grandchildren, taking into account the written sources – above all the DAI. After reviewing and partially refuting previous research findings, a new solution regarding Árpád’s family tree and the possibilities of princely succession to the throne will be offered with the help of philological methods. The paper draws attention to the importance of textual criticism and the importance of researching the manuscript tradition.
{"title":"Ein Enkel des Fürsten Arpad, den es nicht gab","authors":"E. Juhász","doi":"10.1556/068.2022.00040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2022.00040","url":null,"abstract":"Not only the relationship of the known descendants of Prince Árpád to each other, but also their existence is sometimes in question. This paper discusses the possible names of Árpád’s grandchildren, taking into account the written sources – above all the DAI. After reviewing and partially refuting previous research findings, a new solution regarding Árpád’s family tree and the possibilities of princely succession to the throne will be offered with the help of philological methods. The paper draws attention to the importance of textual criticism and the importance of researching the manuscript tradition.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43859611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The second part of Psellus’ poem on grammar is a glossary compiled from rare words (270–490), where the lines are ordered and linked according to the Greek alphabet. The first part (1–269) is not – as it might be expected of a didactic poem – a systematic descriptive Greek grammar, but rather a loose collection of teacher’s comments lacking a definite logical structure. The didactic comments set in verse are organised to some extent by words (e.g. ἔγκλισις, μεσότης) that refer to several different grammatical phenomena functioning as cues and thus connecting the subsequent sections. At the time the novelty of this otherwise ordinary poem might have been that Greek grammar was set in political verse (versus politicus) in order to make it easy to memorise and the fact that it discusses Psellus’ views on koine.
{"title":"Notes on a Technē: Psellus’ Poem 6 W","authors":"Z. Farkas","doi":"10.1556/068.2022.00042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2022.00042","url":null,"abstract":"The second part of Psellus’ poem on grammar is a glossary compiled from rare words (270–490), where the lines are ordered and linked according to the Greek alphabet. The first part (1–269) is not – as it might be expected of a didactic poem – a systematic descriptive Greek grammar, but rather a loose collection of teacher’s comments lacking a definite logical structure. The didactic comments set in verse are organised to some extent by words (e.g. ἔγκλισις, μεσότης) that refer to several different grammatical phenomena functioning as cues and thus connecting the subsequent sections. At the time the novelty of this otherwise ordinary poem might have been that Greek grammar was set in political verse (versus politicus) in order to make it easy to memorise and the fact that it discusses Psellus’ views on koine.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41754938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Franciscus Filelfus (Tolentino 1398 – Florenz 1481) is the author of the largest Humanistic correspondence in Latin and Greek. He is also a relevant source for the intellectual and political history of his times. In the 1420s, he gained a full knowledge of Greek in Constantinople, where he was integrated into Byzantine élite. In particular, the joint emperor John VIII Palaiologos appointed him as his personal secretary. On behalf of John, Filelfo attended in 1423 the international congress in Buda, where he met personally with the Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund and other European leaders. In his Letters to Roman popes, kings and princes, the Italian humanist proposed himself as alter Nestor, the best man to give his advice on the war against the Turks in Central and South-Eastern Europe. He is particularly interested in Hungarian history. At this respect, he mentions the most important events relating to Hungarian resistance against the Ottoman empire such as the defence of Belgrade (Nándorfehérvár) in 1456. Therefore, he praises the exploits and military successes against the Turks pursued by the regent John Hunyadi and his son, King Matthias Corvinus who is remarkably worthy of admiration. Both are praised as defensores Christianitatis. Therefore, Filelfo assigns to Hungary and Hungarian people the leading role in the crusade against the Ottomans.
{"title":"Johannes Hunyadi und Matthias Corvinus in Filelfos Episteln: Laus Hungariae und Türkenkrieg","authors":"Salvatore Costanza","doi":"10.1556/068.2022.00044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2022.00044","url":null,"abstract":"Franciscus Filelfus (Tolentino 1398 – Florenz 1481) is the author of the largest Humanistic correspondence in Latin and Greek. He is also a relevant source for the intellectual and political history of his times. In the 1420s, he gained a full knowledge of Greek in Constantinople, where he was integrated into Byzantine élite. In particular, the joint emperor John VIII Palaiologos appointed him as his personal secretary. On behalf of John, Filelfo attended in 1423 the international congress in Buda, where he met personally with the Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund and other European leaders. In his Letters to Roman popes, kings and princes, the Italian humanist proposed himself as alter Nestor, the best man to give his advice on the war against the Turks in Central and South-Eastern Europe. He is particularly interested in Hungarian history. At this respect, he mentions the most important events relating to Hungarian resistance against the Ottoman empire such as the defence of Belgrade (Nándorfehérvár) in 1456. Therefore, he praises the exploits and military successes against the Turks pursued by the regent John Hunyadi and his son, King Matthias Corvinus who is remarkably worthy of admiration. Both are praised as defensores Christianitatis. Therefore, Filelfo assigns to Hungary and Hungarian people the leading role in the crusade against the Ottomans.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44208961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the Theogony, Hesiod tells us that there was a primitive, loveless Eros at the beginning of the universe, but later in the poem Eros appears as the god of love and the follower of Aphrodite. Asian kings, Greek tyrants, and Athenian imperialists experienced a loveless desire for absolute power and sexual abuse, but the Greek poets celebrate Eros and Aphrodite as gods of love who bring happiness into their lives. Euripides will later question the benevolence of Eros and Aphrodite, and Plato will violently rejects all physical and sexual love. Plato imagines love as being a manifestation of the primitive loveless god of Hesiod, and he uses this nightmare to attack human love, and the Athenians, and their democracy.
{"title":"Eros the tyrant in ancient Greece","authors":"H. Walker","doi":"10.1556/068.2022.00030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2022.00030","url":null,"abstract":"In the Theogony, Hesiod tells us that there was a primitive, loveless Eros at the beginning of the universe, but later in the poem Eros appears as the god of love and the follower of Aphrodite. Asian kings, Greek tyrants, and Athenian imperialists experienced a loveless desire for absolute power and sexual abuse, but the Greek poets celebrate Eros and Aphrodite as gods of love who bring happiness into their lives. Euripides will later question the benevolence of Eros and Aphrodite, and Plato will violently rejects all physical and sexual love. Plato imagines love as being a manifestation of the primitive loveless god of Hesiod, and he uses this nightmare to attack human love, and the Athenians, and their democracy.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45371723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Investigation about Greek lexicography is very important for the Byzantine culture and for the knowledge of classical authors. The German-Danish school has studied lexicography with a historical view and in particular in the nineteenth century it reconstructed lost lexicons. In contrast, the Italian school had a functionalist and structuralist approach. In recent years, however, scholars have adopted the best aspects of both schools. Indeed, now the method of lexicographic studies is unitary.
{"title":"Gli studi italiani di lessicografia e la scuola tedesco-danese","authors":"R. Tosi","doi":"10.1556/068.2022.00039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2022.00039","url":null,"abstract":"Investigation about Greek lexicography is very important for the Byzantine culture and for the knowledge of classical authors. The German-Danish school has studied lexicography with a historical view and in particular in the nineteenth century it reconstructed lost lexicons. In contrast, the Italian school had a functionalist and structuralist approach. In recent years, however, scholars have adopted the best aspects of both schools. Indeed, now the method of lexicographic studies is unitary.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46828862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Love is one of the most frequent literary motifs, often differentiated in various forms. A plurality of words for love in ancient Greek corresponds to a plurality of their divine representations in particular works, and more generally in Ancient religious and philosophical images. The most famous concept is that of the two Loves which is represented in Plato's dialogue Symposium. In the paper, the author revises the standard interpretation of the ‘Two Loves Topos’, considered in Mart. 2. 144–148, literalized as the presence of Amor and absence of Cupid in Philology's suite during her journey to heaven, in terms of literary intertextuality. After a brief outline of the literary evidence of the ‘Two Loves Topos’, Martianus Capella's comprehensive picture is analysed, connecting the archaic opposition between Amor and Cupid and the Platonic division to support his compositional intention to create a ‘new’ comprehensive Love god person, who is in accordance with the unified and harmonious world of mythological, cosmological, and philosophical scholarship.
{"title":"Puer renidens (Mart. Cap. 2.144). Revisited Topos of ‘Two Loves’ and intertextuality","authors":"Katarina Petrovićová","doi":"10.1556/068.2022.00034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1556/068.2022.00034","url":null,"abstract":"Love is one of the most frequent literary motifs, often differentiated in various forms. A plurality of words for love in ancient Greek corresponds to a plurality of their divine representations in particular works, and more generally in Ancient religious and philosophical images. The most famous concept is that of the two Loves which is represented in Plato's dialogue Symposium. In the paper, the author revises the standard interpretation of the ‘Two Loves Topos’, considered in Mart. 2. 144–148, literalized as the presence of Amor and absence of Cupid in Philology's suite during her journey to heaven, in terms of literary intertextuality. After a brief outline of the literary evidence of the ‘Two Loves Topos’, Martianus Capella's comprehensive picture is analysed, connecting the archaic opposition between Amor and Cupid and the Platonic division to support his compositional intention to create a ‘new’ comprehensive Love god person, who is in accordance with the unified and harmonious world of mythological, cosmological, and philosophical scholarship.","PeriodicalId":35670,"journal":{"name":"Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48827037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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