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Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology'98. 198 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (Cat. No.98EX135)最新文献

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Nature Of The Silicon And Silicon Dioxide Surfaces During Plasma Etching With Fluorocarbon Containing Discharges 含氟碳放电等离子体刻蚀过程中硅和二氧化硅表面的性质
E. Aydil, D. Marra
Plasma etching of silicon dioxide using fluorocarbon gas containing discharges is an important process in integrated circuit manufacturing. Except for subtle differences, many gas mixtures that contain fluorocarbon gases such as CnFzn+2 (n>O) and CHF3 exhibit similar etching behavior.lT2 During etching with these gases, a thin steady state layer that contains fluorocarbon moieties forms on the ~urface."~ Even in presence of such a layer, thin films of silicon, silicon dioxide and silicon nitride can be etched with rates as large as several thousands of Ang~tromdmin.~.~ However, under conditions that favor fluorocarbon polymerization, such as low energy ion bombardment, a continuous layer of a fluorocarbon film can deposit on the surface and inhibit the etching of the underlying film.'-7 It has been suggested and widely adopted that the etch inhibition results when the thin steady-state fluorocarbon layer that forms during etching becomes too thick to allow the etchant and the etching products to diffuse through this layer.3'436,7 The nature of these steady-state and etch-inhibiting overlayers has been the subject of many studies and vigorous debate over the last two decades. The conditions that favor etch inhibition on various films have been discovered by trial and error. For example, it is well known that the addition of HZ to the etching gas tends to promote the formation of an etch inhibiting film whereas an increase in ion bombardment and ion flux to the surface decreases the tendency of these layers to grow. The formation of the etch inhibiting layer can also depend on the film being etched. For example, in the presence of ion bombardment, the etch-inhibiting layer forms easier on Si than on silicon dioxide and this fact has been exploited to etch silicon dioxide selectively over Si.*
利用含氟碳气体放电对二氧化硅进行等离子刻蚀是集成电路制造中的一个重要工艺。除了细微的差异外,许多含有氟碳气体的气体混合物,如CnFzn+2 (n>O)和CHF3,都表现出类似的蚀刻行为。在用这些气体蚀刻的过程中,在表面形成一层含有碳氟化合物的薄稳态层。“~即使有这样一层存在,硅、二氧化硅和氮化硅薄膜的蚀刻速率也可以高达几千毫微米。”然而,在有利于氟碳聚合的条件下,如低能离子轰击,可以在表面沉积一层连续的氟碳膜,并抑制底层膜的蚀刻。'-7有人提出并广泛采用,当蚀刻过程中形成的薄的稳态氟碳层变得太厚,使蚀刻剂和蚀刻产物无法通过该层扩散时,就会产生蚀刻抑制作用。[436,7]在过去二十年中,这些稳定状态和抑制蚀刻的覆盖层的性质一直是许多研究和激烈争论的主题。通过反复试验,发现了各种薄膜上有利于蚀刻抑制的条件。例如,众所周知,在蚀刻气体中加入HZ会促进蚀刻抑制膜的形成,而离子轰击和表面离子通量的增加会降低这些层生长的趋势。蚀刻抑制层的形成也取决于被蚀刻的薄膜。例如,在离子轰击的情况下,硅比二氧化硅更容易形成蚀刻抑制层,这一事实已被利用来选择性地在硅上蚀刻二氧化硅
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引用次数: 0
A New Micromachining Technology Using 一种新的微加工技术
Sangwoong Lee, Sangjun Park, D. Cho
tract :new micromachining technology using (1 1 1)-oriented silicon is developed. The technology utilizes reactive ion etching (RIE) for patterning of microstructures to be released from the substrate, followed h y KOH wet etching of bulk silicon under the patterns to release the microstructures. The advantage of technique is that the microstructures are of single crystalline silicon. Furthermore, unlike bulk ranisotropic etching that can fabricate patterns limited by crystallographic directions, this technique can pattern vertical-walled, arbitrarily-shaped patterns. The pattern depth is limited by RIE, but the recent deep RIE processes can fabricate structures from sub-pn to 500pm depth. This compares favorably with polysilicon micromachining which is generally limited to a thickness of < 10pm. The release of microstructure is accomplished by an aqueous alkaline etch, and the gap between the substrate and microstructure is precisely controlled to almost any distance by RIE. The release etch utilize the high etch selectivity of { I 1 I} planes to (100) and {I IO} planes, and therefore, large plates can be released without additional etch holes, and with smooth structure undersurface and smooth substrate support surfaces . To understand the process, consider the two equilateral triangles bounded by {I 1I} planes of (1 11)oriented silicon as shown in Figure 1. Note that the various {I 1I } planes are tilted at f 19.47' angles from the vertical as indicated. Now consider a pattern opening shown in Figure 2. The pattern is micromachined using RIE processes, and partial nitride passivation performed as shown in Figure 3. If this structure is wet etched in an aqueous alkaline etchant, the pattern is released as in Figure 4. Due to the space limitation, a detailed flow sequence is not shown. Figure 5 shows fabricated single crystalline microbridges. Figure 5 (a) shows a released bridge. The dimensions are: length 55pm, width 20pm, and thickness 4 p . The gap to the substrate is 2pm. Figure 5 (b) shows a bridge with dimensions: 260pm length, 50pm width, and ,4pm thickness. The SEM shows that 260pm x 50pm is released, but that the bridge is stuck to the substrate because of the stiction caused by wet etching. This problem can be improved by the use of sublimation or super critical drying techniques, or by simply making the gap larger. Also note that because the micromachining technology relies on RIE for shape patterning and crystallography-dependent anisotropic etching, all shapes are sharply defined and all surfaces are clear. Other shapes including comb drives can be easily fabricated using this technique. This paper developed a new micromachining technology using (1 11)-oriented silicon for the first time. The technology combines the advantages of dry RIE processes and crystallography of silicon to fabricate sharply-defined, arbitrarily-shaped, released, single-crystalline silicon microstructures. This technology offers much potential as an alternati
摘要:开发了以(11 11)取向硅为材料的微加工新技术。该技术利用反应离子蚀刻(RIE)对从衬底上释放的微结构进行图图化,然后在图案下用KOH湿法蚀刻块状硅以释放微结构。该技术的优点是微结构为单晶硅。此外,不像大块各向同性蚀刻可以制作受晶体学方向限制的图案,这种技术可以制作垂直壁,任意形状的图案。图案深度受到RIE的限制,但最近的深RIE工艺可以制造从亚pn到500pm深度的结构。这与多晶硅微加工相比是有利的,多晶硅微加工通常限于< 10pm的厚度。微结构的释放是通过水碱性蚀刻完成的,基材和微结构之间的间隙是由RIE精确控制到几乎任何距离。释放蚀刻利用{I 1 I}平面对(100)和{I IO}平面的高蚀刻选择性,因此,无需额外的蚀刻孔就可以释放大板,并且具有光滑的下表面结构和光滑的基板支撑面。为了理解这个过程,考虑两个等边三角形,它们由(11)取向硅的{1I}面包围,如图1所示。请注意,不同的{1I}平面与垂直方向的角度为f19.47 '。现在考虑如图2所示的模式打开。使用RIE工艺对图案进行微机械加工,并执行部分氮化钝化,如图3所示。如果这种结构在水性碱性蚀刻剂中湿蚀刻,则图案释放如图4所示。由于篇幅限制,没有显示详细的流程顺序。图5显示了制作的单晶微桥。图5 (a)显示了一个释放的桥。尺寸:长55pm,宽20pm,厚4p。到底物的间隙是2pm。图5 (b)显示了一座桥的尺寸:260pm长,50pm宽,4pm厚。扫描电镜显示,260pm x 50pm被释放,但由于湿法蚀刻引起的粘滞,桥被粘在衬底上。这个问题可以通过使用升华或超临界干燥技术来改善,或者简单地使间隙更大。还要注意的是,由于微加工技术依赖于RIE的形状图案和晶体学相关的各向异性蚀刻,所有的形状都是清晰的,所有的表面都是清晰的。其他形状,包括梳状驱动器,可以很容易地制造使用这种技术。本文首次开发了一种新型的(1111)取向硅微加工技术。该技术结合了干燥RIE工艺和硅晶体学的优点,可以制造出定义清晰、形状任意、释放的单晶硅微结构。该技术作为一种替代微机械加工技术具有很大的潜力。
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引用次数: 4
Self-Assembled Quantum Dot Single Electron Devices 自组装量子点单电子器件
S.K. Jung, B. Choi, S.I. Kim, C.K. Hyun, B. Min, S. Hwang, J. Park, Y. Kim, E. Kim, S. Min
Single electron tunneling and its application to future VLSI systems has been an important subject extensively studied for the last decade [l]. Many types of materials and ideas have been applied to fabricate and implement single electron devices operating at high temperatures. The self-assembled quantum dot (SAQD) system is one of the attractive candidates for single electron devices since high quality Coulomb islands can be obtained in one-step growth processes. Furthermore, the characteristic energy scale of the devices would enhance because the quantum energy is expected to be added to the classical charging energy. on InGaAs SAQD's. lever-arms with nm spacings. staircases at 77 K and higher temperatures. Figure 1 (a) and (b) show an AFM photos of typical SAQD single electron devices fabricated by the lever-arm technique. The InGaAs SAQD's we have used were grown by an MOCVD technique and the typical diameter of the dots is approximately 20 nm [2]. The aluminum lever-arms with spacings from 200 to 40 nm were fabricated by a standard ebeam exposure and a lift-off process. Figure 2 (a) and (b) show the 77 K current-voltage (I V) and its differential conductance - voltage characteristics.(dUdV - V) of lever - arm device with the gap of 40 nm. Several staircases are clearly identified in both the I-V and the dVdV-V. dI/dV-V of the device with the gap of 150 nm. Clear staircases are also seen. These staircases are originated from the single electron tunneling through SAQD's located in the shortest current path between two lever - arms. In conclusion, self-assembled guantum dot single electron devices are made by the lever-arm technique with the minimum gap spacing of 40 nm and clear staircases are observed in the I-V characteristics. The result of more complicated devices with multiple lever-arms will also be presented at the conference.
近十年来,单电子隧穿及其在未来VLSI系统中的应用一直是一个被广泛研究的重要课题[1]。许多类型的材料和思想已经被应用于制造和实现在高温下工作的单电子器件。自组装量子点(SAQD)系统由于可以在一步生长过程中获得高质量的库仑岛而成为单电子器件的有吸引力的候选者之一。此外,由于量子能量有望被添加到经典充电能量中,因此器件的特征能量尺度将得到增强。在InGaAs SAQD上。间距为nm的杠杆臂。在77度或更高温度下的楼梯。图1 (a)和(b)显示了利用杠杆臂技术制造的典型SAQD单电子器件的AFM照片。我们使用的InGaAs SAQD是通过MOCVD技术生长的,其典型直径约为20 nm[2]。铝杆臂的间距从200到40纳米是由标准的电子束曝光和提离工艺。图2 (a)和(b)显示了77k电流-电压(I V)及其差分电导-电压特性。(dUdV - V),间隙为40nm。在I-V和dVdV-V中都可以清楚地识别出几个楼梯。器件的dI/dV-V差为150nm。清晰的楼梯也可以看到。这些阶梯是由位于两个杠杆臂之间的最短电流路径上的SAQD的单电子隧穿引起的。综上所述,利用杠杆臂技术制备了自组装的量子点单电子器件,最小间隙为40 nm,在I-V特性上观察到明显的阶梯状结构。带有多个杠杆臂的更复杂设备的结果也将在会议上展示。
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引用次数: 0
Measuring Odd Component Of Aberration Function Utilizing Alternating PSM 利用交变PSM测量像差函数奇分量
S. Nakao, J. Miyazaki, K. Tsujita, W. Wakamiya
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引用次数: 0
Determination Of The CD Dispersion And Proximity Bias Across The Lens Field By Electrical Linewidth Measurements 用电线宽测量法测定CD在透镜场中的色散和接近偏置
O. Toublan, D. Boutin, P. Schiavone
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引用次数: 1
Nanofabrication Using Scanning Near-Field Optical Microscopy 使用扫描近场光学显微镜的纳米制造
Y. Mitsuoka, K. Nakajima, N. Chiba, H. Muramatsu, T. Ataka
The interest in extremely small solid-state devices and high-density data storage has increased rapidly. To realize such applications, new techniques for fabricating nanometer-scale structures are important, because the conventional optical lithography has an insufficient resolution limited by the wavelength of the light and the numerical aperture of the lenses. In addition to electron beam lithography, scanning probe techniques such as scanning tunneling microscopy (STM)’) and atomic force microscopy (AFM)’) have been investigated to perform surface modifications in a simple way. Near-field optical lithography has a potential to fabricate nanometer-scale patterns more rapidly than the techniques based on STM or AFM. Scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) is a useful method to investigate the possibility of near-field optical lithography for nanometer-scale fabrication. The schematic diagram of our SNOM3) system for the fabrication is shown in Fig. 1. An optical fiber probe has an aperture with a subwavelength at the apex. The optical fiber probe is bent and vibrated vertically to control the distance between the sample and the probe tip. The light source is an Ar ion laser (A = 488 nm) or a He-Cd laser (A = 442 nm). Commercial photoresist, which is sensitive to g line (A = 436 nm), is coated on a Si wafer by a spin-coater. The photoresist film is exposed by the light emitted by the aperture of the optical fiber probe. Changing the incident light intensity or the scanning speed controls the exposure conditions. The exposed photoresist film is developed and observed by AFM. Figure 2 shows the AFM image of the positive photoresist film. The groove width in the photoresit film is about 100 nm. It is nearly equal to the aperture size of the optical fiber probe. In Fig. 3, an aluminum line pattern with the width of 100 nm on a Si wafer was fabricated by the lift-off technique. We have demonstrated that subwavelength patterns can be fabricated using SNOM. These results show the possibility of near-field optical lithography for fabricating nanometer-scale structures.
对极小的固态设备和高密度数据存储的兴趣迅速增加。由于传统的光学光刻技术受光的波长和透镜的数值孔径的限制,分辨率不足,因此要实现这种应用,制造纳米级结构的新技术是很重要的。除了电子束光刻,扫描探针技术,如扫描隧道显微镜(STM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)已经被研究,以一种简单的方式进行表面修饰。与基于STM或AFM的技术相比,近场光学光刻技术具有更快地制造纳米尺度图案的潜力。扫描近场光学显微镜(SNOM)是研究近场光刻技术用于纳米制造的一种有效方法。我们用于制造的snom系统的示意图如图1所示。一种光纤探头在其尖端有一个亚波长的孔径。光纤探头垂直弯曲和振动,以控制样品和探头尖端之间的距离。光源为Ar离子激光器(A = 488 nm)或He-Cd激光器(A = 442 nm)。商用光刻胶对g线(A = 436 nm)敏感,通过旋转涂层机涂覆在硅晶片上。光刻胶薄膜由光纤探头孔径发出的光暴露。改变入射光强度或扫描速度可以控制曝光条件。利用原子力显微镜对曝光的光刻胶薄膜进行显影和观察。图2显示了正光刻胶薄膜的AFM图像。光阻膜的沟槽宽度约为100nm。它几乎等于光纤探头的孔径大小。在图3中,我们利用发射技术在硅晶片上制备了宽度为100 nm的铝线图案。我们已经证明了亚波长模式可以用SNOM制造。这些结果显示了近场光学光刻技术用于制造纳米级结构的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
A Nano-Structure Memory With SOI Edge Channel And A Nano Dot 具有SOI边缘通道和纳米点的纳米结构存储器
Geunsook Park, Sangyeon Han, Hyungcheol Shin
11. Device Fabrication The ultra-thin SO1 film was formed by thermal oxidation of SIMOX wafers. The thickness of the recessed top-silicon layer was about 41nm. The edge region was formed by reactive ion etching, Then, the gate oxide was thermally grown to a thickness of about 14nm. Poly-silicon sidewall was formed by LPCVD and RIE etchback (Fig. 2). The thickness of the remained poly-silicon at the sidewall was determined by RIE etchback time. The poly-silicon remained at the side wall was patterned by E-beam lithography to form a nano-dot (Fig. 3). The poly-silicon dot acts as the floating gate for the storage of electrons. Interpoly oxide was deposited to a thickness of about 50nm. And then poly-silicon was deposited, and control gate was pattemed optically. As shown in Figure I@), oxide on top of the channel was very thick, whereas the gate oxide on the edge was thin. So, the inversion layer is formed only at the side edge. Both devices with dot and without dot were fabricated.
11. 采用SIMOX晶圆热氧化法制备超薄SO1薄膜。凹槽顶硅层的厚度约为41nm。通过反应离子刻蚀形成边缘区域,然后热生长栅极氧化物至约14nm厚度。通过LPCVD和RIE蚀刻形成多晶硅侧壁(图2),侧壁剩余多晶硅的厚度由RIE蚀刻时间决定。保留在侧壁的多晶硅通过电子束光刻形成纳米点(图3)。多晶硅点作为存储电子的浮栅。沉积了厚度约为50nm的内插氧化物。然后沉积多晶硅,对控制栅极进行光学制模。如图1所示,沟道顶部的氧化物很厚,而边缘的栅极氧化物很薄。因此,逆温层只在侧边形成。制作了带点和不带点两种器件。
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引用次数: 0
Progress In The Development Of Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography Exposure Systems 极紫外光刻曝光系统的研究进展
A. Ray-Chaudhuri
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引用次数: 1
MoSi(N) As A Diffusion Barrier Between Cu And Si MoSi(N)作为Cu和Si之间的扩散势垒
J. Park, Y.H. Lee, J. Bae, G. Yeom, J. Song
{"title":"MoSi(N) As A Diffusion Barrier Between Cu And Si","authors":"J. Park, Y.H. Lee, J. Bae, G. Yeom, J. Song","doi":"10.1109/IMNC.1998.730065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMNC.1998.730065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":356908,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology'98. 198 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (Cat. No.98EX135)","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128172115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development Of Silicon Based Inertial Sensor In SAIT 硅基惯性传感器的研制
Y. Oh
{"title":"Development Of Silicon Based Inertial Sensor In SAIT","authors":"Y. Oh","doi":"10.1109/IMNC.1998.729962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMNC.1998.729962","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":356908,"journal":{"name":"Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology'98. 198 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (Cat. No.98EX135)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114255826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology'98. 198 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (Cat. No.98EX135)
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