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Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology'98. 198 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (Cat. No.98EX135)最新文献

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Enhancement Of Ionization In Ionized PVD By RF Pulsing And Magnetic Field 用射频脉冲和磁场增强电离PVD中的电离
J. Joo
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引用次数: 0
Illumination Condition And Mask Bias For 0.18/spl mu/m Pattern With KrF Lithography KrF光刻0.18/spl mu/m图案的光照条件和掩模偏差
H. Tabuchi, Y. Shichijo, I. Okabe, N. Oka, M. Inoue, K. Iguchi
1. htroduction KrF excimer laser lithography will be used to manufacture 0.1 8pm design-rule devices, because ArF lithography infrastructure will not be in time for 1999, when SIA roadmap mentions that first 0.18pm products are shipped. Therefore it is necessary to use resolution enhancement technology(RET) together. In this paper the optimization of illumination condition and mask bias with half-tone mask(HTM) d off-axis illumination(OAl), as a result in the line width control and the process rgin of both isolated and dense 0.18pm resist pattern, is reported .
1. KrF准分子激光光刻将用于制造0.1 pm设计规则器件,因为ArF光刻基础设施将无法在1999年及时完成,届时SIA路线图提到第一批0.18pm产品将发货。因此,有必要将分辨率增强技术(RET)结合使用。本文报道了利用半色调掩模(HTM)和离轴照明(OAl)对光照条件和掩模偏置进行优化,从而实现0.18pm隔离和密集抗蚀图案的线宽控制和工艺起始。
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引用次数: 1
Plasma-Induced Deactivation Of P, B, Sb By Low-Energy (<30 eV) Ion Bombardment During Low-Temperature Silicon Epitaxy 低温硅外延过程中低能量(<30 eV)离子轰击等离子体诱导P, B, Sb失活
H. Kumami, W. Shindo, J. Kakuta, T. Ohmi
We have experimentally shown for the first time that threshold energies of plasma-induced deactivation for phosphorus, boron and antimony in silicon epitaxy by using a low-energy ion bomibardment process [l-41. The deactivation energy of phosphorus, boron and antimony at a growing silicon film surface is -13 eV, -5 eV and -10 eV respectively as shown in Table 1. Since the deactivation energy of boron is extremely small (< 5 eV), ion bombardment energy must be precisely controlled to be lower than 5 eV in order to make the activation ratio of dopants 100 %. The experimental results of plasma-induced deactivation energy of dopants will be crucial value for plasma processing, especially for low temperature processing using ion bombardment processes. Figure 1 schematically shows an rfdc coupled mode bas sputtering system [l] used in silicon epitaxy. The kinetic energies of ions incident on the target and the substrate were independentlly determined by two external dc voltages applied to the sputtering target and the substrate, respecitiiely. Prior to the film deposition, in situ surface cleaning [1,3] under the optimized condition was carried out to remove physically adsorbed molecules onto the wafer surface during the air exposure in a clean room. The deposition rate was controlled to be 10 ndmin in this work. The sputtering target material was phosphorus (2-3x10‘’ cmS), boron ( 6 ~ 1 0 ’ ~ cmS) antimony ( 3 ~ 1 0 ’ ~ cmS) doped silicon. The crystallinity of grown silicon films was evaluated by reflective high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) analysis. The resistivrty of the in situ doped epitaxial silicon film was measured by a four-point probe method. Figure 2 shows the resistivity of a silicon film deposited using the antimony doped silicoin target as a function of the ion bombardment energy. The substrate temperature was kept at 3150’C during the deposition. Normalized ion flux which is defined as the number of bombarding argon ions per each deposited Si atom is the same in all points. In region (I), ion bombardment energy is not enough to enhance silicon film growth. Crystal structure of the grown film is polycrystal or aimorphous. Increase of resistivlty is caused by this degraded crystallinity. This situation is schemalically illustrated in Fig. 3(1). In region (II), antimony impunty was fully activated and perfect single cirystal was achieved. Kikuchi lines were observed in the RHEED photograph. It indicates that the crystallinlty of the as-deposited silicon epitaxial layer is high quality single crystal. This is also illustrated in Fig. 3(11). In region (Ill), antimony impurity was not fully activated in the as-deposited silicon epitaxial layer. However, the RHEED photograph showed Kikuchi lines. This clearly shows that antimony is unstable at growing silicon surface and easily displaced from lattice site by ion bombardment higher than -10 eV. This situation is illustrated in Fig. 3(111). In this article, deactivation energy of dopant at
我们通过实验首次证明了在硅外延中,利用低能离子轰击过程,等离子体诱导磷、硼和锑失活的阈值能量[l-41]。在生长的硅膜表面,磷、硼、锑的失活能分别为-13 eV、-5 eV和-10 eV,如表1所示。由于硼的失活能非常小(< 5 eV),为了使掺杂剂的活化率达到100%,必须精确控制离子轰击能低于5 eV。等离子体诱导掺杂剂失活能的实验结果将对等离子体加工,特别是离子轰击低温加工具有重要意义。图1示意图显示了用于硅外延的rfdc耦合模式溅射系统[1]。入射到靶材和衬底上的离子的动能分别由分别施加在靶材和衬底上的两个外部直流电压决定。在薄膜沉积之前,在优化条件下进行原位表面清洗[1,3],以去除在洁净室空气暴露过程中物理吸附到晶圆表面的分子。本研究将沉积速率控制在10 / min。溅射靶材为磷(2-3x10”cmS)、硼(6 ~ 10’~ cmS)、锑(3 ~ 10’~ cmS)掺杂硅。用反射高能电子衍射(RHEED)分析了生长的硅薄膜的结晶度。采用四点探针法测量了原位掺杂外延硅薄膜的电阻率。图2显示了使用掺锑硅靶沉积的硅膜的电阻率与离子轰击能量的关系。沉积过程中衬底温度保持在3150℃。归一化离子通量(定义为每个沉积的硅原子轰击氩离子的数量)在所有点上都是相同的。在(I)区,离子轰击能量不足以促进硅膜的生长。所生长薄膜的晶体结构为多晶或非晶。电阻率的增加是由结晶度的降低引起的。这种情况如图3(1)所示。在区域(II)中,锑离子被充分激活,得到了完美的单晶。在RHEED照片中观察到菊池线。结果表明,所制备的硅外延层是高质量的单晶。图3(11)也说明了这一点。在(ii)区,锑杂质在沉积的硅外延层中未被完全活化。然而,RHEED的照片显示了菊池的线条。这清楚地表明锑在生长的硅表面是不稳定的,并且在高于-10 eV的离子轰击下很容易从晶格位置移位。这种情况如图3(111)所示。在本文中,掺杂剂在生长膜表面的失活能由区(11)与区(111)的阈值能量分离决定。因此,锑的失活能为-10 eV。图4和图5分别总结了350℃氩气轰击下磷掺杂和硼掺杂硅外延的结果。衬底温度为3.50℃。纵轴为归一化离子通量,横轴为离子轰击能。区(11)与区(111)的分界线为硼的-5 eV和磷的-13 eV。完全活化硼的单晶膜可以在极小的区域(11)内实现。离子轰击能量必须小于-5 eV才能达到100%的硼活化率。与掺锑或掺磷硅外延相比,获得100%硼活化比的高质量硅膜是极其困难的。总之,我们得到了等离子体诱导磷、硼和锑在硅外延中失活的阈值能量。为了达到理想的掺杂激活比,必须精确控制等离子体参数,特别是离子轰击能小于掺杂的失活能。这一发现将是等离子体加工中的一个关键问题,并指导我们利用低能离子轰击在硅外延中实现高质量的薄膜。
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引用次数: 0
Fabrication Of Ordered Nonohole Arrays Using Anodizing Of AL 铝阳极氧化法制备有序非孔阵列
H. Masuda
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引用次数: 0
A CMOS Compatible Capacitive Silicon Accelerometer With Polysilicon Rib-Style Flexures 具有多晶硅肋式弯曲的CMOS兼容电容式硅加速度计
Seokyu Kim, Y. Yee, H. Kim, K. Chun
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引用次数: 2
Electron-Beam Doping In Damageless Regions Of Semiconductors By The Kick-Out Mechanism (Intersticialcy Mechanism) 利用踢出机制(间隙机制)在半导体无损区掺杂电子束
T. Wada, H. Fujimoto, Y. Tomita
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引用次数: 0
The origin of photoluminescence In Ge - implanted SiO/sub 2/ layer Ge注入SiO/ sub2 /层中光致发光的来源
H.B. Kim, K. Chae, C. Whang, J. Yeong, M. Oh, S. Im, J. Song
The study of semiconductor nanocrystals embeded in Si02 is becoming an expanding field of interest because of their potential as optoelectronic emission devices directly coupled with Si integrated circuits. These nanocrystals emit luminescence that usually doesn't appear in the bulk materials. For fabrication technique of these nanocrystals, ion implantation is a good candidate in that it produces a controlled depth distribution of desired species and is extensively used in semiconductor technology. In this work, we present possible luminescence origins observed from Ge implanted Si02 layers. The Si02 layer with a thickness of 300 nm was grown by wet oxidation of Si(100). Ge negative ions were implanted into Si02 layer at room temperature(RT) with an energy of 100 keV. The employed dose of Geion was 5 X 10l6 ions/cm2. After implantation, the samples were annealed in nitrogen ambient for 2 hour at various temperatures. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) measurements were performed using a standard A1 K a (1486.7 eV) excitation source in an electron spectrometer ESCA 5700(PHI Ldt.) at a residual gas pressure of 2 X lo-'' torr. The photoemitted electrons were detected by hemispherical analyzer with a pass energy of 23.5 eV. Photoluminescence spectra were obtained at RT in a conventional way. An Ar-ion laser (457.9 nm) was used as an excitation source and the luminescence was detected by a cooled photomultiplier tube employing the photon counting technique. Figure 1 shows the PL spectra of an as-implanted sample and samples annealed for 2 hours at 900, 1000, and 1100 "C . After annealing at 900 "C in nitrogen ambient for 2 hours, the PL peak around 2.0 eV observed from as implanted sample disappeares. It implies that the luminescence from the as-implanted sample is related to some radiative defects formed by Ge implantation. However, after annealing at temperature higher than 900 C , the luminescence with the same peak position as that of the as-implanted sample shows up again, and its intensity increases with temperature. Hence, the PL from the annealed sample should be regarded as a luminescence emitted from the Ge nanocrystal. Similar results of luminescence from Ge nanocrystals were reported by others.[ 1,2] In order to confirm the origin of PL, we carried out XPS analysis for both asimplanted sample and the other samples annealed at 1 100 "C . In the case of the asimplanted sample, Ge-0 bond appears dominant, but the annealed sample shows mainly Ge-Ge bond with small amount of Ge-0 bond near the projected range of iplanted Ge.
嵌入二氧化硅的半导体纳米晶体由于其作为光电发射器件与硅集成电路直接耦合的潜力而成为一个不断扩大的研究领域。这些纳米晶体发出的光通常不会出现在大块材料中。对于这些纳米晶体的制备技术,离子注入是一个很好的选择,因为它可以产生所需物质的深度分布,并广泛应用于半导体技术。在这项工作中,我们提出了从锗注入的二氧化硅层中观察到的可能的发光来源。采用湿式氧化法制备了厚度为300 nm的sio2层。在室温(RT)下,以100 keV的能量将Ge负离子注入到sio2层中。Geion的使用剂量为5 × 106离子/cm2。注入后,在不同温度的氮气环境中退火2小时。X射线光电子能谱(XPS)测量使用ESCA 5700(PHI Ldt.)电子能谱仪的标准A1 K a (1486.7 eV)激发源,残余气体压力为2 × 10 " torr。用半球形分析仪检测光电子,通过能量为23.5 eV。用常规方法在RT下获得光致发光光谱。采用457.9 nm氩离子激光器作为激发源,利用光子计数技术在冷却的光电倍增管上检测发光。图1显示了注入样品和样品在900、1000和1100”C下退火2小时的PL光谱。在氮气环境中900℃退火2小时后,从注入样品中观察到的2.0 eV左右的PL峰消失。这说明注入样品的发光与注入锗后形成的辐射缺陷有关。而在900℃以上退火后,再次出现与注入样品相同峰位的发光,且发光强度随温度升高而增加。因此,从退火样品的PL应被视为从锗纳米晶体发出的发光。其他人也报道了类似的发光结果。[1,2]为了确认PL的来源,我们对植入样品和在1100℃退火的其他样品进行了XPS分析。未注入样品以Ge-0键为主,退火样品以Ge-0键为主,在注入Ge投影范围附近有少量Ge-0键。
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引用次数: 0
Atom Manipulation With The STM: Nanostructuring And Femtochemistry 原子操纵与STM:纳米结构和飞化学
K. Rieder, G. Meyer, L. Bartels
One possible future way to create new materials and devices consists in the atom by atom assembling of functional structures on solid substrates. The instrument with which manipulations on atomic scale became possible is the scanning tunneling microscope [ I , 21. The two basic modes of the transport of atoms or molecules to form proper patterns consist of picking up the particles with the tip and releasing them back to the surface at the desired places (vertical manipulation) or to move them along the surface maintaining contact to the substrate (lateral manipulation). For a secure control of both transfer modes the basic physical steps, involved in both manipulation modes have to be known.
未来创造新材料和设备的一种可能的方法是在固体衬底上逐个原子地组装功能结构。使原子尺度上的操作成为可能的仪器是扫描隧道显微镜[1,21]。原子或分子形成适当图案的两种基本传输模式包括用尖端拾取粒子并将它们释放回表面所需的位置(垂直操作)或沿着表面移动它们并保持与基底的接触(横向操作)。对于两种传输模式的安全控制,必须知道两种操作模式中涉及的基本物理步骤。
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引用次数: 0
A Hermetically-Sealed LC Resonator For Remote Pressure Monitoring 一种用于远程压力监测的密封LC谐振器
Eun-Chul Park, Jun‐Bo Yoon, E. Yoon
ts an integrated LC resonator structure fabricated by using bulk micromachining and anodic Igies. In this resonator structure, pressure change is monitored by a capacitive pressure sensor le change of resonance frequency. The resonance frequency shift is detected by inductive n external transmission coil; therefore, pressure can be wirelessly monitored from passive LC s been reported that intraocular pressure can be measured by passive LC resonator structure the previous structures are bulky and manually assembled in hybrid package. This is the first integrated LC resonator sensor which is hermetically sealed in a micromachined structure.
是一种采用本体微加工和阳极氧化技术制备的集成LC谐振腔结构。在这种谐振器结构中,通过电容式压力传感器监测压力的变化和谐振频率的变化。谐振频移通过感应外传输线圈检测;因此,可以通过被动LC无线监测眼压。有报道称,通过被动LC谐振器结构可以测量眼压,但以前的结构体积大,手工组装在混合封装中。这是第一个集成的LC谐振器传感器,它是密封在一个微机械结构。
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引用次数: 1
Direct Transport Measurements Through An Ensemble Of Inas Self-Assembled Quantum Dots 通过Inas自组装量子点系综的直接输运测量
S.K. Jung, B. Choi, S.I. Kim, C.K. Hyun, B. Min, S. Hwang, J. Park, Y. Kim, E. Kim, S. Min
Direct transport measurement results of an InAs self-assembled quantum dot system have been reported. The differential conductance characteristics measured from the metal-semiconductor-metal diodes incorporating InAs self-assembled quantum dots show conductance peaks. The energy spectrum of the dots is obtained from the peak positions.
报道了InAs自组装量子点系统的直接输运测量结果。结合InAs自组装量子点的金属-半导体-金属二极管测量的差分电导特性显示出电导峰值。点的能谱由峰的位置得到。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Digest of Papers. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology'98. 198 International Microprocesses and Nanotechnology Conference (Cat. No.98EX135)
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