Aktuelni deficit radnika na tržištu rada Srbije posledica je radnih migracija domaćih radnika, smanjenja broja radno sposobnih stanovnika, kao i povećanog broja novih poslova. Delovanje ovih okolnosti dovelo je do pokušaja transformacije režima zapošljavanja radnika iz inostranstva. Aktuelni sistem nastao je u uslovima samodovoljnog tržišta rada, gde je prisustvo strane radne snage bilo kratkoročno i ograničeno na specifične poslove. Danas, međutim, postoji potreba omogućavanja trajnih imigracija radnika u Srbiju. Istraživanje prati napore za normiranje novog režima zapošljavanja stranaca, koji omogućava lakši pristup stranih radnika tržištu rada, ali i njihov dugoročni radni angažman. Ispituje se kvalitet preduzetih ili najavljenih mera, njihove posledice po tržište rada, ali i radnopravni položaj stranih radnika, kao i kvalitet nadzora nad primenom pravnog okvira. Kao poseban izazov se razmatra pitanje integracije stranih radnika i njihovih porodica, odnosno da li je dovoljno izmeniti režim radnih dozvola da bi se privukao veći broj radnika koji će se uspešno uklopiti u društveni život i zajednicu u Srbiji. Osnovne polazne pretpostavke jesu da je tržištu rada Srbije potreban veći broj radnika iz inostranstva, ali i da parcijalne izmene propisa neće nužno dovesti do stvaranja uslova za njihovo trajno nastanjenje. U radu je korišćen metod normativne analize.
塞尔维亚无线电市场目前的工人短缺是家庭佣工移民增加、无线电技术居民人数减少和新企业数量增加的结果。在这些情况下，人们试图改变招聘外国人的制度。现行制度是以无线电自营市场原则为基础的，无线电用户的准入是短期的，仅限于特定企业。然而，今天有必要允许激进分子永久移民到塞尔维亚。应努力使新的用户使用制度正常化，使无线电市场各方更容易进入无线电市场，或长期从事无线电业务。对已采取或宣布的措施的质量、其对无线电市场的影响或各方的法律地位以及法律框架的监督质量进行了审查。Kao poseban izazov se razmatra se pitanje integracije stranih radnika i ich obstrodica, odnosno da li dovoljno izmeniti režim radnih dozvola da bi privukao veći broj radnika koji će se uspešno uklopiti u društveni život i zajednicu u Srbiji.目前，波兰政府正努力使塞尔维亚成为世界上最不稳定的国家之一，同时，波兰政府也在努力使塞尔维亚成为世界上最不稳定的国家之一。该建议基于规范分析方法。
{"title":"Tranzicija od rada sezonskih radnika ka trajnoj radnoj imigraciji – slučaj Srbije","authors":"Mario Reljanović","doi":"10.59954/stnv.528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59954/stnv.528","url":null,"abstract":"Aktuelni deficit radnika na tržištu rada Srbije posledica je radnih migracija domaćih radnika, smanjenja broja radno sposobnih stanovnika, kao i povećanog broja novih poslova. Delovanje ovih okolnosti dovelo je do pokušaja transformacije režima zapošljavanja radnika iz inostranstva. Aktuelni sistem nastao je u uslovima samodovoljnog tržišta rada, gde je prisustvo strane radne snage bilo kratkoročno i ograničeno na specifične poslove. Danas, međutim, postoji potreba omogućavanja trajnih imigracija radnika u Srbiju. Istraživanje prati napore za normiranje novog režima zapošljavanja stranaca, koji omogućava lakši pristup stranih radnika tržištu rada, ali i njihov dugoročni radni angažman. Ispituje se kvalitet preduzetih ili najavljenih mera, njihove posledice po tržište rada, ali i radnopravni položaj stranih radnika, kao i kvalitet nadzora nad primenom pravnog okvira. Kao poseban izazov se razmatra pitanje integracije stranih radnika i njihovih porodica, odnosno da li je dovoljno izmeniti režim radnih dozvola da bi se privukao veći broj radnika koji će se uspešno uklopiti u društveni život i zajednicu u Srbiji. Osnovne polazne pretpostavke jesu da je tržištu rada Srbije potreban veći broj radnika iz inostranstva, ali i da parcijalne izmene propisa neće nužno dovesti do stvaranja uslova za njihovo trajno nastanjenje. U radu je korišćen metod normativne analize.","PeriodicalId":35694,"journal":{"name":"Stanovnistvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138970587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The situation of young workers is determined by the legal regulation of work. Of particular interest in this context is the traineeship, which is statistically proven to be the basis for many young people entering the labour market. In this context, it is especially important that national regulations are clear and stable to ensure the security of young workers. The Hungarian national regulations will be examined in this study, starting with statistical data, i.e. the extent to which traineeships are present, and examining the related legal relationships based on the EU conceptual background, with the aim of exploring whether the Hungarian legal framework guarantees status security for young trainees. Based on the legislation, case law and relevant literature, it can be concluded that the Hungarian national legislation on traineeship is fragmented, non-transparent, complex, and generally does not provide an impeccable basis for improving the labour market situation of young people from a labour law or social security perspective, and shows a number of inconsistencies in national and EU labour law.
{"title":"The fragmented regulation of the traineeship in Hungary","authors":"Bernadett Solymosi-Szekeres","doi":"10.59954/stnv.525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59954/stnv.525","url":null,"abstract":"The situation of young workers is determined by the legal regulation of work. Of particular interest in this context is the traineeship, which is statistically proven to be the basis for many young people entering the labour market. In this context, it is especially important that national regulations are clear and stable to ensure the security of young workers. The Hungarian national regulations will be examined in this study, starting with statistical data, i.e. the extent to which traineeships are present, and examining the related legal relationships based on the EU conceptual background, with the aim of exploring whether the Hungarian legal framework guarantees status security for young trainees. Based on the legislation, case law and relevant literature, it can be concluded that the Hungarian national legislation on traineeship is fragmented, non-transparent, complex, and generally does not provide an impeccable basis for improving the labour market situation of young people from a labour law or social security perspective, and shows a number of inconsistencies in national and EU labour law.","PeriodicalId":35694,"journal":{"name":"Stanovnistvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In most European Union (EU) Member States, self-employed individuals receive, on average, lower retirement pensions than employees. Furthermore, the number of self-employed pensioners is lower, and there is a significant proportion of self-employed workers in the EU who are not entitled to a retirement pension. The situation is even more delicate for the new self-employed, as their mode of labour market participation, career trajectory, and the income level they reach can potentially compromise their future pension prospects. This paper analyses the position of self-employed workers within national social security systems, with a particular focus on their methods of contribution and the consequential impact on their ability to access adequate retirement pensions as a form of replacement income, thus avoiding the risk of poverty and ensuring a decent standard of living in old age. In this area, the Member States and the EU interact within the framework of their respective competences, with the manifest aim of improving the social protection of self-employed workers in their senior years.
{"title":"Social protection of the self-employed in old age in the EU","authors":"Thais Guerrero Padrón","doi":"10.59954/stnv.524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59954/stnv.524","url":null,"abstract":"In most European Union (EU) Member States, self-employed individuals receive, on average, lower retirement pensions than employees. Furthermore, the number of self-employed pensioners is lower, and there is a significant proportion of self-employed workers in the EU who are not entitled to a retirement pension. The situation is even more delicate for the new self-employed, as their mode of labour market participation, career trajectory, and the income level they reach can potentially compromise their future pension prospects. This paper analyses the position of self-employed workers within national social security systems, with a particular focus on their methods of contribution and the consequential impact on their ability to access adequate retirement pensions as a form of replacement income, thus avoiding the risk of poverty and ensuring a decent standard of living in old age. In this area, the Member States and the EU interact within the framework of their respective competences, with the manifest aim of improving the social protection of self-employed workers in their senior years.","PeriodicalId":35694,"journal":{"name":"Stanovnistvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139000538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"60 godina Stanovništva: Od štamparske prese do veb-platforme","authors":"Vladimir Nikitović","doi":"10.59954/stnv.522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59954/stnv.522","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35694,"journal":{"name":"Stanovnistvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139360793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Peter Zeihan: The End of the World Is Just the Beginning - Mapping the Collapse of Globalization","authors":"M. Galjak","doi":"10.59954/stnv.516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59954/stnv.516","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35694,"journal":{"name":"Stanovnistvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139360726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nov popis, nova rešenja, stari problemi","authors":"Ivan Marinković","doi":"10.59954/stnv.521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59954/stnv.521","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35694,"journal":{"name":"Stanovnistvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139360858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During the 21st century, migrations have become increasing-ly intense, since they are often planned with a specific goal and could cause major social changes. Unfortunately, since there is no definition of the term ?migrant?, countries face a particular challenge in protecting migrant workers? right to work. The International Labour Organization, the Council of Europe, and the European Union have made significant contributions to establishing and developing the migrant worker protection system. At the national level, governments and trade unions contribute to migrant workers? protection by adopting laws to control migrations. However, with many social, political, and economic factors at play, countries can?t always control immigration within their own territory. The author?s hypothesis is that the position of migrant workers depends significantly on the host country?s im-migration and labour policies. The paper concludes that the application of general provisions prescribed at the international level cannot and does not fully protect the rights of migrant workers. Given this, it is not surprising that certain countries and trade unions have begun to protect their interests by adopting legal regulations to manage mi-gration within their territory. The paper identifies the fear that labour migration will negatively affect trade unions? image in those countries where trade unions are weak and disjointed, without real power to influence decision-makers. Finally, when analysing the position of migrant workers in the Republic of Serbia, the author points that the motives for labour force emigration from Serbia are extremely strong, so even if certain changes were to be made to labour con-ditions, there would be no reduction in emigration. This is because workers? motives for emigration go beyond mere dissatisfaction with labour conditions, but are rather linked to their general dissatisfaction with the quality of life in Serbia
{"title":"Implications of labour migration on the european labour market - labour law aspects","authors":"B. Urdarević","doi":"10.2298/stnv2301091u","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/stnv2301091u","url":null,"abstract":"During the 21st century, migrations have become increasing-ly intense, since they are often planned with a specific goal and could cause major social changes. Unfortunately, since there is no definition of the term ?migrant?, countries face a particular challenge in protecting migrant workers? right to work. The International Labour Organization, the Council of Europe, and the European Union have made significant contributions to establishing and developing the migrant worker protection system. At the national level, governments and trade unions contribute to migrant workers? protection by adopting laws to control migrations. However, with many social, political, and economic factors at play, countries can?t always control immigration within their own territory. The author?s hypothesis is that the position of migrant workers depends significantly on the host country?s im-migration and labour policies. The paper concludes that the application of general provisions prescribed at the international level cannot and does not fully protect the rights of migrant workers. Given this, it is not surprising that certain countries and trade unions have begun to protect their interests by adopting legal regulations to manage mi-gration within their territory. The paper identifies the fear that labour migration will negatively affect trade unions? image in those countries where trade unions are weak and disjointed, without real power to influence decision-makers. Finally, when analysing the position of migrant workers in the Republic of Serbia, the author points that the motives for labour force emigration from Serbia are extremely strong, so even if certain changes were to be made to labour con-ditions, there would be no reduction in emigration. This is because workers? motives for emigration go beyond mere dissatisfaction with labour conditions, but are rather linked to their general dissatisfaction with the quality of life in Serbia","PeriodicalId":35694,"journal":{"name":"Stanovnistvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87105142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aging of populations and the labour force, combined with the process of digitalisation, have a significant impact on labour markets, employment, and labour rights worldwide. Industries and jobs that rely on age-appreciating skills, which improve with age, are positively affected by both aging and digitalisation, since automation compensates for the lower physical abilities of older workers, thereby increasing their productivity. On the other hand, automation threatens physical and routine jobs that require low skills. In this paper, the authors used an empirical approach and inductive method to analyse the simultaneous influence of aging and digitalisation on workforce skills and demand for employees. In the future, governments? efforts to stimulate employment and decent work should include providing high-quality education that prepares the workforce to gain and upgrade creative and social skills. These changes require policy and regulatory interventions to address the issues of skill shifts and the transition towards both digital and green economies, while simultaneously promoting and standing for decent work conditions. This presupposes that businesses introduce and adopt sustainable, dynamic, and inclusive workplace practices. The authors propose the age management mechanism as a human resource tool, as well as its legal counterpart, the age-responsible due diligence approach, for managing the necessary changes
{"title":"Workforce aging and decent work in the era of the digital economy - towards a holistic public policy approach","authors":"Sanja Stojković-Zlatanović, P. Jovanović","doi":"10.2298/stnv230220001s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/stnv230220001s","url":null,"abstract":"The aging of populations and the labour force, combined with the process of digitalisation, have a significant impact on labour markets, employment, and labour rights worldwide. Industries and jobs that rely on age-appreciating skills, which improve with age, are positively affected by both aging and digitalisation, since automation compensates for the lower physical abilities of older workers, thereby increasing their productivity. On the other hand, automation threatens physical and routine jobs that require low skills. In this paper, the authors used an empirical approach and inductive method to analyse the simultaneous influence of aging and digitalisation on workforce skills and demand for employees. In the future, governments? efforts to stimulate employment and decent work should include providing high-quality education that prepares the workforce to gain and upgrade creative and social skills. These changes require policy and regulatory interventions to address the issues of skill shifts and the transition towards both digital and green economies, while simultaneously promoting and standing for decent work conditions. This presupposes that businesses introduce and adopt sustainable, dynamic, and inclusive workplace practices. The authors propose the age management mechanism as a human resource tool, as well as its legal counterpart, the age-responsible due diligence approach, for managing the necessary changes","PeriodicalId":35694,"journal":{"name":"Stanovnistvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87540439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Radivojevic, N. Pavlović, Biljana Jovanović-Gavrilović, Mirjana Gligoric-Matic
This paper analyses the impacts of various demographic and socioeconomic characteristics on the way Serbian people assess their own health. Marital status, education level, and occupation were analysed using the threeway ANOVA statistical method. The results of the statistical analysis show that each of the selected features significantly affects the subjective experience of health conditions. Regarding marital status, unmarried people assessed their health status most favourably. In terms of education, a better perception of health was observed in people with higher levels of education. And considering gender, only marital status had an impact on the self-assessment of health in both sexes. For men, education had an impact, whereas for women, it was the type of occupation. The specificity in perception of one?s own health in the elderly population of Serbia (above 60 years old) is reflected in the fact that occupation was the only factor that influenced the subjective experience of health status.
{"title":"The effect of sociodemographic characteristics on the self-evaluation of health among the population in Serbia","authors":"B. Radivojevic, N. Pavlović, Biljana Jovanović-Gavrilović, Mirjana Gligoric-Matic","doi":"10.2298/stnv2201037r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/stnv2201037r","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the impacts of various demographic and socioeconomic characteristics on the way Serbian people assess their own health. Marital status, education level, and occupation were analysed using the threeway ANOVA statistical method. The results of the statistical analysis show that each of the selected features significantly affects the subjective experience of health conditions. Regarding marital status, unmarried people assessed their health status most favourably. In terms of education, a better perception of health was observed in people with higher levels of education. And considering gender, only marital status had an impact on the self-assessment of health in both sexes. For men, education had an impact, whereas for women, it was the type of occupation. The specificity in perception of one?s own health in the elderly population of Serbia (above 60 years old) is reflected in the fact that occupation was the only factor that influenced the subjective experience of health status.","PeriodicalId":35694,"journal":{"name":"Stanovnistvo","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73599358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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