Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.1080/13614576.2016.1252562
I. Moseti, S. Mutula
ABSTRACT This article focuses on participation by Kenyan scholars in collaborative networks, specifically the extent of scholars’ participation in professional societies; levels of scholarly interactions among colleagues in universities in Kenya, and the nature of scholarly collaboration between scholars in Kenya and their international peers. The study’s theoretical lens was the Social Network Theory and employed a survey within a multiple case study design. Data was collected from 350 faculty and 370 postgraduate students using self-administered questionnaires. The study implied that limited participation by scholars in collaborative networks hinders creation of new knowledge and lowers scholars’ research productivity. The study recommends institutional interventions to nurture scholarly collaboration.
{"title":"Scholarly Collaboration in Kenyan Universities","authors":"I. Moseti, S. Mutula","doi":"10.1080/13614576.2016.1252562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13614576.2016.1252562","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article focuses on participation by Kenyan scholars in collaborative networks, specifically the extent of scholars’ participation in professional societies; levels of scholarly interactions among colleagues in universities in Kenya, and the nature of scholarly collaboration between scholars in Kenya and their international peers. The study’s theoretical lens was the Social Network Theory and employed a survey within a multiple case study design. Data was collected from 350 faculty and 370 postgraduate students using self-administered questionnaires. The study implied that limited participation by scholars in collaborative networks hinders creation of new knowledge and lowers scholars’ research productivity. The study recommends institutional interventions to nurture scholarly collaboration.","PeriodicalId":35726,"journal":{"name":"New Review of Information Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13614576.2016.1252562","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60362043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.1080/13614576.2016.1247741
S. Jamali, Reza Fotohi
ABSTRACT MANETs are mobile networks that are spontaneously deployed over a geographically limited area without requiring any pre-existing infrastructure. Typically, nodes are both autonomous and self-organized without requiring a central administration or a fixed network infrastructure. Due to their distributed nature, MANET is vulnerable to a specific routing misbehavior, called wormhole attack. In a wormhole attack, one malicious node tunnels packets from its location to the other malicious node. Such wormhole attacks result in a false route with fewer hop count. If the source node follows this fake route, malicious nodes have the option of delivering the packets or dropping them. This article aims at removing these attacks. For this purpose, it investigates the use of an Artificial Immune System (AIS) to defend against wormhole attack. The proposed approach learns rapidly how to detect and bypass the wormhole nodes without affecting the overall performance of the network. The proposed approach is evaluated in comparison with other existing solutions in terms of dropped packet count, packet loss ratio, throughput, packet delivery ratio, and end-to-end delay. A simulation result shows that the proposed approach offers better performance than other schemes defending against the wormhole attack.
{"title":"Defending against Wormhole Attack in MANET Using an Artificial Immune System","authors":"S. Jamali, Reza Fotohi","doi":"10.1080/13614576.2016.1247741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13614576.2016.1247741","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT MANETs are mobile networks that are spontaneously deployed over a geographically limited area without requiring any pre-existing infrastructure. Typically, nodes are both autonomous and self-organized without requiring a central administration or a fixed network infrastructure. Due to their distributed nature, MANET is vulnerable to a specific routing misbehavior, called wormhole attack. In a wormhole attack, one malicious node tunnels packets from its location to the other malicious node. Such wormhole attacks result in a false route with fewer hop count. If the source node follows this fake route, malicious nodes have the option of delivering the packets or dropping them. This article aims at removing these attacks. For this purpose, it investigates the use of an Artificial Immune System (AIS) to defend against wormhole attack. The proposed approach learns rapidly how to detect and bypass the wormhole nodes without affecting the overall performance of the network. The proposed approach is evaluated in comparison with other existing solutions in terms of dropped packet count, packet loss ratio, throughput, packet delivery ratio, and end-to-end delay. A simulation result shows that the proposed approach offers better performance than other schemes defending against the wormhole attack.","PeriodicalId":35726,"journal":{"name":"New Review of Information Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13614576.2016.1247741","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60361786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.1080/13614576.2016.1247742
László Barna Iantovics, L. Kovács, G. Fekete
ABSTRACT An integrated library information system is a resource planning system for a library, used to track resources owned, bills paid, orders made, and patrons who have borrowed. In our research, we focused on university library information systems (ULISs). We identified an important research question regarding their main limitation in offering intelligent help to the students in their documentation/learning. We identified the importance of the endowment of ULISs with artificial intelligence. In this article, we analyzed different aspects related to the presence of computational intelligence in ULISs and intelligence of ULISs. Finally, we proposed a complex next generation ULIS based on a hybrid cooperative learning, being able to offer an intelligent help for personalized learning of students. We defined some novel paradigms in the context of a novel kind of cooperative hybrid personalized learning, such as learning role and sub-role; and learning intelligence level.
{"title":"Next Generation University Library Information Systems Based on Cooperative Learning","authors":"László Barna Iantovics, L. Kovács, G. Fekete","doi":"10.1080/13614576.2016.1247742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13614576.2016.1247742","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT An integrated library information system is a resource planning system for a library, used to track resources owned, bills paid, orders made, and patrons who have borrowed. In our research, we focused on university library information systems (ULISs). We identified an important research question regarding their main limitation in offering intelligent help to the students in their documentation/learning. We identified the importance of the endowment of ULISs with artificial intelligence. In this article, we analyzed different aspects related to the presence of computational intelligence in ULISs and intelligence of ULISs. Finally, we proposed a complex next generation ULIS based on a hybrid cooperative learning, being able to offer an intelligent help for personalized learning of students. We defined some novel paradigms in the context of a novel kind of cooperative hybrid personalized learning, such as learning role and sub-role; and learning intelligence level.","PeriodicalId":35726,"journal":{"name":"New Review of Information Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13614576.2016.1247742","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60361937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-01DOI: 10.1080/13614576.2016.1251849
Denise de Vries, M. Swalwell
ABSTRACT Although libraries maintain collections of material on computer disks in climate controlled environments, a significant amount of digital heritage is in private collections. In this study we compared the outcomes of creating disk images of the State Library of South Australia’s born digital collections with those of a private collector to gauge the effect of long term storage conditions. The failure rates of both collections give cause for concern, and the results from the private collection are alarming.
{"title":"Creating Disk Images of Born Digital Content: A Case Study Comparing Success Rates of Institutional Versus Private Collections","authors":"Denise de Vries, M. Swalwell","doi":"10.1080/13614576.2016.1251849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13614576.2016.1251849","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Although libraries maintain collections of material on computer disks in climate controlled environments, a significant amount of digital heritage is in private collections. In this study we compared the outcomes of creating disk images of the State Library of South Australia’s born digital collections with those of a private collector to gauge the effect of long term storage conditions. The failure rates of both collections give cause for concern, and the results from the private collection are alarming.","PeriodicalId":35726,"journal":{"name":"New Review of Information Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13614576.2016.1251849","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60362192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13614576.2016.1234828
Bendis Pustina
ABSTRACT The Albanian diaspora is one of the largest in the world, compared to the population it originates from. Its degree of assimilation varies depending on time, settlement, and other social factors. While the family played the major role in preserving the identity, nowadays it is not sufficient to convey identity to the younger generations that spend substantial time online and need adequate web resources. This article aims to analyze the main websites created by and for the Albanian diaspora in Albanian, and some initiatives of national and private institutions, which present the intangible and tangible heritage to the wider diaspora.
{"title":"Transmitting Albanian Cultural Identity in the Age of the Internet","authors":"Bendis Pustina","doi":"10.1080/13614576.2016.1234828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13614576.2016.1234828","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Albanian diaspora is one of the largest in the world, compared to the population it originates from. Its degree of assimilation varies depending on time, settlement, and other social factors. While the family played the major role in preserving the identity, nowadays it is not sufficient to convey identity to the younger generations that spend substantial time online and need adequate web resources. This article aims to analyze the main websites created by and for the Albanian diaspora in Albanian, and some initiatives of national and private institutions, which present the intangible and tangible heritage to the wider diaspora.","PeriodicalId":35726,"journal":{"name":"New Review of Information Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13614576.2016.1234828","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60361656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13614576.2016.1234842
Mark Caruana
ABSTRACT This article presents a voluntary effort to build a database that supports the content analysis of a collection of Maltese bills of health from 1815-50 and passport applications and renewals from 1870-1923. The article addresses the needs in such a digital resource; the process of its development and its possible applications in historical research. The effort took over six years, and is an example of a citizen science project; this is its first presentation to the wider community. The resource is particularly useful for anyone interested in studying the Maltese diaspora.
{"title":"Analysis of Data from Maltese Passport Applications Held at the National Archives of Malta: A New Digital Resource","authors":"Mark Caruana","doi":"10.1080/13614576.2016.1234842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13614576.2016.1234842","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article presents a voluntary effort to build a database that supports the content analysis of a collection of Maltese bills of health from 1815-50 and passport applications and renewals from 1870-1923. The article addresses the needs in such a digital resource; the process of its development and its possible applications in historical research. The effort took over six years, and is an example of a citizen science project; this is its first presentation to the wider community. The resource is particularly useful for anyone interested in studying the Maltese diaspora.","PeriodicalId":35726,"journal":{"name":"New Review of Information Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13614576.2016.1234842","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60361670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13614576.2016.1234830
D. Sutton
ABSTRACT This article brings together three themes: primary sources for the study of literature; the diasporic nature of literary manuscripts; and the impact of the diaspora on the English-speaking world, in general, and the Commonwealth, in particular. The article begins by describing some general characteristics of literary manuscripts, focusing in particular on their diasporic nature. It then outlines the work of the project known as the Diasporic Literary Archives Network in the years 2012-15. It concludes with an assessment of the archival diaspora as it affects cultural and literary heritage work in Commonwealth countries.
{"title":"Diasporic Literary Archives Network and the Commonwealth: Namibia, Nigeria, Trinidad & Tobago, and Other Examples","authors":"D. Sutton","doi":"10.1080/13614576.2016.1234830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13614576.2016.1234830","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article brings together three themes: primary sources for the study of literature; the diasporic nature of literary manuscripts; and the impact of the diaspora on the English-speaking world, in general, and the Commonwealth, in particular. The article begins by describing some general characteristics of literary manuscripts, focusing in particular on their diasporic nature. It then outlines the work of the project known as the Diasporic Literary Archives Network in the years 2012-15. It concludes with an assessment of the archival diaspora as it affects cultural and literary heritage work in Commonwealth countries.","PeriodicalId":35726,"journal":{"name":"New Review of Information Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13614576.2016.1234830","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60361663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13614576.2016.1234823
G. Portelli
This special issue of the New Review of Information Networking (NRIN) brings together a selection of articles presented at the 1 International conference The Commonwealth and its People: Diasporas, Identities, Memories, which took place in Valletta on 24–26 June 2015 (http://www. um.edu.mt/events/dim2015). The conference was conceived as an academic forum addressing topics related to the identity of diasporas and the role of memory institutions in documenting and preserving this type of complex heritage. The forum attracted participants from Albania, Australia, Barbados, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Ghana, India, Ireland, Malta, New Zealand, The Netherlands, Turkey, UK, and USA; some articles were contributed from international organizations—the Memory of the World Committee of UNESCO contributed a session on preserving diasporic heritage in war times. While the Commonwealth was taken as an inspirational example for the academic debate, the broader interest to the issues around diasporas, their heritage, and the role of the digital technologies in capturing dispersed hybrid records attracted the participation of scholars working on other communities. The academic debate on diasporas, identities, and memories is per se interdisciplinary. The collection of articles that is published in this special issue illustrates this variety and the need to develop further common crossdisciplinary methodological approaches. In a subtle way, some of the topics addressed in this special issue are continuing links to some of the themes addressed in the previous volume of NRIN, Shaping our Legacy: Preserving the Social and Cultural Record, as they contribute additional views from countries where practices in documentation and creating solid digital records are still under developed. Moreover, they also capture complex social phenomena which accompany large-scale migration and cross generational migration. Thus, the article “Karamanlidika Digital Library Proposal: Reconstructing the Past of a Specific Diaspora” by Selenay Aytac (Long Island University, United States) looks into the integration of digital resources and the use of social media to bring together memories of Karamanlides, a Christian
{"title":"Introduction: Diaspora, Identities, Memories","authors":"G. Portelli","doi":"10.1080/13614576.2016.1234823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13614576.2016.1234823","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue of the New Review of Information Networking (NRIN) brings together a selection of articles presented at the 1 International conference The Commonwealth and its People: Diasporas, Identities, Memories, which took place in Valletta on 24–26 June 2015 (http://www. um.edu.mt/events/dim2015). The conference was conceived as an academic forum addressing topics related to the identity of diasporas and the role of memory institutions in documenting and preserving this type of complex heritage. The forum attracted participants from Albania, Australia, Barbados, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Ghana, India, Ireland, Malta, New Zealand, The Netherlands, Turkey, UK, and USA; some articles were contributed from international organizations—the Memory of the World Committee of UNESCO contributed a session on preserving diasporic heritage in war times. While the Commonwealth was taken as an inspirational example for the academic debate, the broader interest to the issues around diasporas, their heritage, and the role of the digital technologies in capturing dispersed hybrid records attracted the participation of scholars working on other communities. The academic debate on diasporas, identities, and memories is per se interdisciplinary. The collection of articles that is published in this special issue illustrates this variety and the need to develop further common crossdisciplinary methodological approaches. In a subtle way, some of the topics addressed in this special issue are continuing links to some of the themes addressed in the previous volume of NRIN, Shaping our Legacy: Preserving the Social and Cultural Record, as they contribute additional views from countries where practices in documentation and creating solid digital records are still under developed. Moreover, they also capture complex social phenomena which accompany large-scale migration and cross generational migration. Thus, the article “Karamanlidika Digital Library Proposal: Reconstructing the Past of a Specific Diaspora” by Selenay Aytac (Long Island University, United States) looks into the integration of digital resources and the use of social media to bring together memories of Karamanlides, a Christian","PeriodicalId":35726,"journal":{"name":"New Review of Information Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13614576.2016.1234823","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60361547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13614576.2016.1234827
S. Aytac
ABSTRACT The World Wide Web provides unlimited visibility for the personal documents and cultural artifacts that remain in the hands of families of people belonging to different diasporas. Computer mediated platforms are often the building blocks of their transcendental homelands. This article presents a study aiming to build a model and community around Karamanlides by using digital library technologies. Karamanlides is one of the many interesting communities in need of the creation of a “niche personal/community knowledge environment” as an archetype for similar conceptualizations.
{"title":"Karamanlidika Digital Library Proposal: Reconstructing the Past of a Specific Diaspora","authors":"S. Aytac","doi":"10.1080/13614576.2016.1234827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13614576.2016.1234827","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The World Wide Web provides unlimited visibility for the personal documents and cultural artifacts that remain in the hands of families of people belonging to different diasporas. Computer mediated platforms are often the building blocks of their transcendental homelands. This article presents a study aiming to build a model and community around Karamanlides by using digital library technologies. Karamanlides is one of the many interesting communities in need of the creation of a “niche personal/community knowledge environment” as an archetype for similar conceptualizations.","PeriodicalId":35726,"journal":{"name":"New Review of Information Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13614576.2016.1234827","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60361601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-02DOI: 10.1080/13614576.2016.1234844
Yasar Tonta
ABSTRACT Everything we do, create, and produce, such as intellectual and artistic works, performances, and so forth, can be defined as culture. We own a very rich cultural heritage of the past. Yet, the common cultural heritage that belongs to the humanity continues to be looted and destroyed due to negligence, armed conflicts, and wars. In this article, the causes of the destruction of cultural heritage and the question of to whom the neglected cultural heritage belongs are discussed and the economic and social values of cultural heritage are examined by means of the game theory.
{"title":"Future of Cultural Heritage","authors":"Yasar Tonta","doi":"10.1080/13614576.2016.1234844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13614576.2016.1234844","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Everything we do, create, and produce, such as intellectual and artistic works, performances, and so forth, can be defined as culture. We own a very rich cultural heritage of the past. Yet, the common cultural heritage that belongs to the humanity continues to be looted and destroyed due to negligence, armed conflicts, and wars. In this article, the causes of the destruction of cultural heritage and the question of to whom the neglected cultural heritage belongs are discussed and the economic and social values of cultural heritage are examined by means of the game theory.","PeriodicalId":35726,"journal":{"name":"New Review of Information Networking","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/13614576.2016.1234844","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60361731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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