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Solving Last-Mile Deliveries for Dairy Products Using a Biased Randomization-Based Spreadsheet. A Case Study 使用基于偏差随机化的电子表格解决乳制品的最后一英里配送。案例研究
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-04-20 DOI: 10.1080/01966324.2021.1910886
José G. Sanabria-Rey, E. L. Solano-Charris, C. A. Vega-Mejía, C. L. Quintero-Araújo
Abstract During recent years, Last-mile deliveries (LMD) have become relevant due to its application in e-commerce, urban logistics, and food delivery among others. This work addresses an LMD denoted as a Vehicle Routing Problem with time windows (VRPTW) and aims to minimize total time of the distribution process (i.e., makespan). The LMD is an NP-Hard problem that refers to the delivery of goods from a consolidation center to a destination. For solving the problem, a spreadsheet-based solution that employs a multi-start algorithm based on the biased-randomized version of the nearest neighbor heuristic is introduced. Real historical data of last-mile deliveries for dairy products in Bogotá (Colombia) was considered for evaluating our proposed method. Computational experiments are carried out to show the competitiveness of our method in terms of makespan, number of vehicles, average vehicle occupancy, average load and costs. Some insights for future works are also provided.
摘要近年来,最后一英里配送(LMD)因其在电子商务、城市物流和食品配送等领域的应用而变得越来越重要。这项工作解决了LMD,称为具有时间窗口的车辆路线问题(VRPTW),旨在最大限度地减少配送过程的总时间(即完工时间)。LMD是一个NP难问题,指的是将货物从合并中心运送到目的地。为了解决这个问题,引入了一种基于电子表格的解决方案,该解决方案采用了基于最近邻启发式的有偏随机版本的多启动算法。在评估我们提出的方法时,考虑了波哥大(哥伦比亚)乳制品最后一英里配送的真实历史数据。进行了计算实验,以显示我们的方法在制造周期、车辆数量、平均车辆占用率、平均负载和成本方面的竞争力。对今后的工作也提供了一些见解。
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引用次数: 3
Economic Design of Quick Switching Sampling System for Resubmitted Lots under Gamma-Poisson Distribution 伽玛泊松分布下重交批快速切换抽样系统的经济设计
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.1080/01966324.2021.1903369
M. Usha, S. Balamurali
Abstract In this paper, a method of designing quick switching sampling system for resubmitted lots for inspection of attribute quality characteristics based on the gamma-Poisson distribution is proposed. We determine the required parameters by using two-points on the operating characteristic curve approach such that both producer’s and the consumer’s risks are satisfied for some specified values of acceptable quality level and limiting quality level. Tables are constructed for optimal sample size and two acceptance numbers of the proposed sampling system. The relative efficiency of the proposed system over conventional plans is also discussed. In addition, an economic design of the above mentioned sampling system to minimize total cost is also investigated. Consequently, it is proved that the proposed system minimizes the total inspection cost and average total inspection.
摘要本文提出了一种基于伽玛-泊松分布的属性质量特征检测快速切换采样系统的设计方法。我们通过使用运行特性曲线上的两点方法来确定所需的参数,以便在可接受质量水平和限制质量水平的某些特定值下,满足生产者和消费者的风险。为所提出的采样系统的最佳样本量和两个可接受数量构建了表格。还讨论了所提出的系统相对于传统计划的相对效率。此外,还研究了上述采样系统的经济设计,以最大限度地降低总成本。因此,证明了所提出的系统最小化了总检查成本和平均总检查成本。
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引用次数: 3
Bayesian Estimation of the Polynomial Time Trend AR(1) Model through Spline Function 基于样条函数的多项式时间趋势AR(1)模型的贝叶斯估计
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-03-27 DOI: 10.1080/01966324.2021.1903368
V. Agiwal, J. Jeevan Kumar, Narinder Kumar
Abstract In this paper, we develop an estimation procedure for an autoregressive model with polynomial time trend approximated by a spline function. Spline function has the advantage of approximating the non-linear time series in an appropriate degree of polynomial time trend model. For Bayesian parameter estimation, the conditional posterior distribution is obtained under two symmetric loss functions. Due to the complex form of the conditional posterior distribution, Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach is used to estimate the Bayes estimators. The performance of Bayes estimators is compared with that of the corresponding maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) in terms of mean squared error (MSE) and average absolute bias (AB) via a simulation study. To illustrate the proposed study, import series of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) countries are analyzed.
摘要本文给出了用样条函数逼近多项式时间趋势的自回归模型的估计方法。样条函数具有在适当程度上逼近非线性时间序列的多项式时间趋势模型的优点。对于贝叶斯参数估计,得到了两个对称损失函数下的条件后验分布。由于条件后验分布的复杂形式,采用马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗(MCMC)方法估计贝叶斯估计量。通过仿真研究,比较了贝叶斯估计器与相应的极大似然估计器在均方误差(MSE)和平均绝对偏差(AB)方面的性能。为了说明所提出的研究,本文分析了巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非(金砖国家)的进口系列。
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引用次数: 0
Estimation of Parameters of Kumaraswamy-Exponential Distribution Based on Progressively Type-II Hybrid Censored Data 基于渐进II型混合截尾数据的Kumaraswamy指数分布参数估计
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-03-26 DOI: 10.1080/01966324.2021.1899878
Manoj Chacko, Rakhi Mohan
Abstract The main drawback of progressive type-II censoring is that the time length of the experiment may be very large. This drawback of progressive type-II censoring scheme can be avoided if we consider progressively type-II hybrid censoring scheme, which is a mixture of progressive type-II and hybrid censoring schemes. In this paper, we consider the problem of estimation of parameters for a two-parameter Kumaraswamy-exponential distribution based on progressively type-II hybrid censored sample. The maximum likelihood estimators and Bayes estimators of the parameters are obtained using different loss functions such as squared error loss function, LINEX loss function and entropy loss function. For Bayes estimation we use importance sampling method. A simulation study is then performed for comparing various estimators developed in this paper. A real data set is also used for illustration.
摘要渐进II型截尾的主要缺点是实验的时间长度可能很大。如果我们考虑渐进式II型混合审查方案,即渐进式II和混合审查方案的混合,则可以避免渐进式II类审查方案的这一缺点。在本文中,我们考虑了基于渐进II型混合截尾样本的双参数Kumaraswamy指数分布的参数估计问题。使用不同的损失函数,如平方误差损失函数、LINEX损失函数和熵损失函数,获得了参数的最大似然估计量和贝叶斯估计量。对于贝叶斯估计,我们使用重要性抽样方法。然后进行了模拟研究,以比较本文中开发的各种估计量。实际数据集也用于说明。
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引用次数: 0
On Estimating Scale Parameter of the Selected Pareto Population under the Generalized Stein Loss Function 在广义Stein损失函数下估计选定Pareto总体的尺度参数
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-03-19 DOI: 10.1080/01966324.2021.1891999
K. R. Meena, Aditi Kar Gangopadhyay, Omer Abdalghani
Abstract The problem of estimation after selection can be seen in numerous statistical applications. Let be a random sample drawn from the population where Π i follows Pareto distribution with an unknown scale parameter θi and common known shape parameter β. This article is concerned with the problem of estimating θL (or θS ), the scale parameter of the selected Pareto population under the generalized Stein loss function. The uniformly minimum risk unbiased (UMRU) estimators of θL and θS , scale parameters of the largest and the smallest population respectively, are determined. For k = 2, we have obtained a sufficient condition of minimaxity of θS and showed that the generalized Bayes estimator of θS is a minimax estimator for k = 2. Also, a class of linear admissible estimators of the form of θL and θS is found, and a sufficient condition for inadmissibility is provided. Further, we demonstrate that the UMRU estimator of θS is inadmissible. A comparison between the proposed estimators is conducted using MATLAB software and a real data set is analyzed for illustrative purposes. Finally, conclusions and discussion are reported.
摘要选择后的估计问题可以在许多统计学应用中看到。设为从总体中抽取的随机样本,其中πi遵循帕累托分布,具有未知的尺度参数θi和常见的已知形状参数β。本文讨论了在广义Stein损失函数下估计所选Pareto总体的尺度参数θL(或θS)的问题。确定了最大和最小群体的尺度参数θL和θS的一致最小风险无偏估计量。对于k = 2,我们得到了θS极小的一个充分条件,并证明了θS的广义Bayes估计量是k的极大极小估计量 = 2.还发现了一类θL和θS形式的线性可容许估计量,并给出了不可容许的一个充分条件。此外,我们证明了θS的UMRU估计量是不可接受的。使用MATLAB软件对所提出的估计量进行了比较,并分析了实际数据集以便于说明。最后,报告了结论和讨论。
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引用次数: 3
A Generalized Survival Function Method for the Expectation of Functions of Nonnegative Random Variables 非负随机变量函数期望的广义生存函数方法
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-03-05 DOI: 10.1080/01966324.2021.1892000
John W. Glasser, R. Regis
Abstract The survival function method is a well-known alternative procedure for calculating the expectation of a nonnegative random variable with a continuous probability distribution. This paper proves a generalization of this method that can be used to calculate the expectation of a continuously differentiable function of a nonnegative random variable with a continuous, discrete or mixed probability distribution. A similar result is used in actuarial probability manuals, but proofs for the general case along with required assumptions are often not provided. Moreover, generalizations of the survival function method are typically not mentioned in probability textbooks. One of the main contributions of this paper is that it explores some technical conditions that guarantee that the method can be applied. This paper also provides an alternate proof of the generalized survival function method along with a different set of conditions under which the method can be proved to hold. Finally, examples of how the method can be applied to calculate expectations and moment-generating functions and to derive an integral identity are given.
生存函数法是一种众所周知的计算具有连续概率分布的非负随机变量期望的替代方法。本文证明了该方法的推广,可用于计算具有连续、离散或混合概率分布的非负随机变量的连续可微函数的期望。精算概率手册中也使用了类似的结果,但通常没有提供一般情况的证明以及所需的假设。此外,在概率教科书中通常没有提到生存函数方法的一般化。本文的主要贡献之一是探讨了保证该方法可以应用的一些技术条件。本文还给出了广义生存函数方法的另一种证明,并给出了证明该方法成立的不同条件。最后,给出了如何将该方法应用于计算期望函数和矩生成函数以及推导积分恒等式的例子。
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引用次数: 0
Bivariate Extended Yule Distribution 双变量扩展Yule分布
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-02-26 DOI: 10.1080/01966324.2021.1884920
C. Kumar, S. Harisankar
Abstract Here we introduce a bivariate version of the extended Yule distribution (EYD) of Martinez-Rodriguez et al (Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, 2011). The EYD has been found suitable for heavy tailed distributions. For emphasizing the practical relevance of the model, it is shown that the proposed distribution can be viewed as the distribution of the random sum of independently and identically distributed bivariate Bernoulli random variables. It is also observed that the proposed bivariate distribution is a very flexible distribution and it includes the bivariate geometric distribution as its special case. A genesis of the distribution and explicit closed form expressions for its probability mass function, factorial moments and the probability generating function of its conditional distributions are derived. Certain recurrence relations for probabilities, raw moments and factorial moments of the BEYD are also obtained. The method of maximum likelihood estimation is employed for estimating the parameters of the distribution. Some examples of application using data from different fields are included in order to illustrate all these procedures.
本文引入Martinez-Rodriguez等人(Computational Statistics and Data Analysis, 2011)的扩展Yule分布(EYD)的双变量版本。已发现EYD适合于重尾分布。为了强调模型的实际意义,表明所提出的分布可以看作是独立和同分布的二元伯努利随机变量的随机和的分布。我们还观察到,所提出的二元分布是一个非常灵活的分布,它将二元几何分布作为它的特例。推导了该分布的起源及其概率质量函数、阶乘矩及其条件分布的概率生成函数的显式封闭表达式。得到了BEYD的概率、原始矩和阶乘矩的递归关系。采用极大似然估计方法对分布参数进行估计。为了说明所有这些过程,包括使用来自不同领域的数据的一些应用程序示例。
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引用次数: 0
Erratum to: Reliability of a Coherent System in a Multicomponent Stress-Strength Model 勘误表:多组分应力强度模型中相干系统的可靠性
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2021-02-13 DOI: 10.1080/01966324.2021.1875087
M. Sadegh
Abstract This article considers the stress-strength modeling for calculating of the stress-strength reliability of a coherent system as a function of the stress-strength reliabilities of its components. The system components may experience the same or different stress levels. We have found some mistakes in examples given by Bhattacharya and Roychowdhury (2013) due to misapplication of the system reliability when the system components were subjected to a common stress level. We show that the stress-strength reliability of a system with different stress levels does not include the case when the system components are subjected to a common stress level as a special case and give a correct argument. Their result for the case of different stress levels is correct.
本文考虑了计算相干系统的应力-强度可靠度的应力-强度模型作为其部件的应力-强度可靠度的函数。系统组件可能经历相同或不同的压力水平。我们在Bhattacharya和Roychowdhury(2013)给出的例子中发现了一些错误,这是由于系统组件受到共同压力水平时系统可靠性的误用。证明了不同应力水平下系统的应力-强度可靠度不包括系统部件在同一应力水平下的特殊情况,并给出了正确的论证。他们对不同压力水平的研究结果是正确的。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Two Non-Identical Unit Cold Standby System in Presence of Prior Information 存在先验信息的两个不完全相同机组冷备用系统的分析
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2020-12-26 DOI: 10.1080/01966324.2020.1860840
P. Pundir, Rohit Patawa, P. Gupta
Abstract Characteristics of a two non-identical unit system with a cold standby facility are studied from Bayesian point of view with different type of priors assumed for unknown parameters. Time to failure and time to repair of the operating units are assumed to follow Lindley distribution. Several measures of system effectiveness, such as reliability, MTSF, steady state availability, expected profit etc. are obtained by using regenerative point technique. At the end, a numerical illustration is also carried out, for validation of the proposed system model.
摘要从贝叶斯的角度研究了具有冷备用设施的两个不完全相同的单元系统的特征,对未知参数假定了不同类型的先验。运行机组的故障时间和维修时间假定遵循Lindley分布。利用再生点技术得到了系统有效性的几个指标,如可靠性、MTSF、稳态可用性、预期利润等。最后,还进行了数值说明,以验证所提出的系统模型。
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引用次数: 1
A Segregated Advancement in the Solution of Triangular Fuzzy Transportation Problems 三角模糊运输问题解的分离推进
Q3 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2020-12-17 DOI: 10.1080/01966324.2020.1854137
P. Srivastava, D. Bisht
Abstract The primary issues in the solution of fuzzy transportation problems are loss of information, violation of the basic trading rule, and incomplete fuzzy information. This research article is a successful effort to overcome these issues. Here, a new method to solve the triangular fuzzy transportation problem by segregating it into three classical transportation problems has been developed without the use of any ranking technique. The minimum demand supply method is used to obtain an initial basic feasible solution of all three transportation problems individually. Then, the stepping stone method is applied to check the optimality of the solution. The classical solutions obtained are clubbed to get the fuzzy optimal solution of the triangular fuzzy transportation problem. This procedure is demonstrated with the help of numerical examples. A comparison of results from this procedure with the other existing methods confirms the applicability of the segregated approach. This approach can be helpful in the decision-making problems where data is given in the form of fuzzy numbers and can also be extended to an unbalanced fuzzy transportation problem.
求解模糊运输问题的主要问题是信息丢失、违反基本交易规则、模糊信息不完全等。这篇研究文章是克服这些问题的成功努力。本文提出了一种新的求解三角模糊运输问题的方法,即在不使用排序技术的情况下,将三角模糊运输问题分解为三个经典运输问题。采用最小需求供给法分别求得三个运输问题的初始基本可行解。然后,应用垫脚石法检验解的最优性。将已有的经典解进行组合,得到三角形模糊运输问题的模糊最优解。通过数值算例对该方法进行了说明。将该程序的结果与其他现有方法的结果进行比较,证实了分离方法的适用性。该方法可用于数据以模糊数形式给出的决策问题,也可推广到不平衡模糊运输问题。
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引用次数: 6
期刊
American Journal of Mathematical and Management Sciences
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