Pub Date : 2022-09-23eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2022.1604473
Arun Chandrashekhar, Harshad P Thakur
Objective: Population aging is an ongoing challenge for global health policy and is expected to have an increasing impact on developing economies in years to come. A variety of community health programs have been developed to deliver health services to older adults, and evaluating these programs is crucial to improving service delivery and avoiding barriers to implementation. This systematic review examines published evaluation research relating to public and community health programs aimed at older adults throughout the world. Methods: A literature search using standardized criteria yielded 58 published articles evaluating 46 specific programs in 14 countries. Results: Service models involving sponsorship of comprehensive facilities providing centralized access to multiple types of health services were generally evaluated the most positively, with care coordination programs appearing to have generally more modest success, and educational programs having limited effectiveness. Lack of sufficient funding was a commonly-cited barrier to successful program implementations. Conclusion: It is important to include program evaluation as a component of future community and public health interventions aimed at aging populations to better understand how to improve these programs.
{"title":"Efficacy of Government-Sponsored Community Health Programs for Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Published Evaluation Studies.","authors":"Arun Chandrashekhar, Harshad P Thakur","doi":"10.3389/phrs.2022.1604473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/phrs.2022.1604473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Population aging is an ongoing challenge for global health policy and is expected to have an increasing impact on developing economies in years to come. A variety of community health programs have been developed to deliver health services to older adults, and evaluating these programs is crucial to improving service delivery and avoiding barriers to implementation. This systematic review examines published evaluation research relating to public and community health programs aimed at older adults throughout the world. <b>Methods:</b> A literature search using standardized criteria yielded 58 published articles evaluating 46 specific programs in 14 countries. <b>Results:</b> Service models involving sponsorship of comprehensive facilities providing centralized access to multiple types of health services were generally evaluated the most positively, with care coordination programs appearing to have generally more modest success, and educational programs having limited effectiveness. Lack of sufficient funding was a commonly-cited barrier to successful program implementations. <b>Conclusion:</b> It is important to include program evaluation as a component of future community and public health interventions aimed at aging populations to better understand how to improve these programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":35944,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9537370/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33496258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-21eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2022.1605025
Yishu Liu, Shaoming Xiao, Xuejun Yin, Pei Gao, Jing Wu, Shangzhi Xiong, Carinna Hockham, Thomas Hone, Jason H Y Wu, Sallie Anne Pearson, Bruce Neal, Maoyi Tian
Objectives: The potential for using routinely collected data for medical research in China remains unclear. We sought to conduct a scoping review to systematically characterise nation-wide routinely collected datasets in China that may be of value for clinical research. Methods: We searched public databases and the websites of government agencies, and non-government organizations. We included nation-wide routinely collected databases related to communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, injuries, and maternal and child health. Database characteristics, including disease area, data custodianship, data volume, frequency of update and accessibility were extracted and summarised. Results: There were 70 databases identified, of which 46 related to communicable diseases, 20 to non-communicable diseases, 1 to injury and 3 to maternal and child health. The data volume varied from below 1000 to over 100,000 records. Over half (64%) of the databases were accessible for medical research mostly comprising communicable diseases. Conclusion: There are large quantities of routinely collected data in China. Challenges to using such data in medical research remain with various accessibility. The potential of routinely collected data may also be applicable to other low- and middle-income countries.
{"title":"Nation-Wide Routinely Collected Health Datasets in China: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Yishu Liu, Shaoming Xiao, Xuejun Yin, Pei Gao, Jing Wu, Shangzhi Xiong, Carinna Hockham, Thomas Hone, Jason H Y Wu, Sallie Anne Pearson, Bruce Neal, Maoyi Tian","doi":"10.3389/phrs.2022.1605025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/phrs.2022.1605025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> The potential for using routinely collected data for medical research in China remains unclear. We sought to conduct a scoping review to systematically characterise nation-wide routinely collected datasets in China that may be of value for clinical research. <b>Methods:</b> We searched public databases and the websites of government agencies, and non-government organizations. We included nation-wide routinely collected databases related to communicable diseases, non-communicable diseases, injuries, and maternal and child health. Database characteristics, including disease area, data custodianship, data volume, frequency of update and accessibility were extracted and summarised. <b>Results:</b> There were 70 databases identified, of which 46 related to communicable diseases, 20 to non-communicable diseases, 1 to injury and 3 to maternal and child health. The data volume varied from below 1000 to over 100,000 records. Over half (64%) of the databases were accessible for medical research mostly comprising communicable diseases. <b>Conclusion:</b> There are large quantities of routinely collected data in China. Challenges to using such data in medical research remain with various accessibility. The potential of routinely collected data may also be applicable to other low- and middle-income countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":35944,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9532513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33496260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-21eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2022.1605321
Henrique Lopes, Jose Martin-Moreno
The situation triggered by the war initiated by Russia in Ukraine, in addition to the widely known impacts that it has directly on the affected populations, has consequences that affect to almost the entire world population. The effects are verified either through increases in the reference prices of commodities, or by occasional ruptures in the supply chains, all of which contribute to the worsening of the economic and social conditions of most of the people. One of the sectors with predictably the greatest impact is food, through multiple mechanisms that end up having the same end result: the worsening of the quantity of food produced on the planet and potentially the decrease of diets quality. Russia and Ukraine are two of the biggest food exporters at a worldwide level, as illustrated by the WPF [1], accounting for 14% of world exports of maize, 18% of wheat and 40% of sunflower. The immediate consequence of the war was the rise in the prices of essential products, both for human and animal food, with historic high values being registered. There have also been financial speculative phenomena with food commodities, which amplifies the phenomenon of price elasticities [2–5]. Several countries depend on a large scale on imports from these countries at war, especially those in African and in the Near East [6, 7]. Therefore, there are strong reasons to believe that in addition to potential food shortages in the war zone, there may be a worsening of the food condition in the near future in regions where it was already fragile or perilous. Even for countries with sufficient economic conditions to continue to obtain supplies at rising prices of food raw materials, it must be considered that many vulnerable groups already faced difficulties before the war in maintaining a sufficient, healthy and balanced diet. In addition to the above-mentioned situation, Russia is the world’s largest exporter of fertilizers [8–12], particularly in the supply chain to Western Europe, a condition that has now been interrupted by countersanctions [13, 14] to the country. Given that it is not a type of product that can be easily found elsewhere and as it is directly indexed to energy prices, which are also rising, it is expected that in this agricultural year producers will find less availability of fertilizers on the market and those that are available are sold at very high prices. This also leads in the long term to a decrease in agricultural production outside the conflict zone. The months of March and April are critical for the volume and quality of European crops and plantations when many sowings are fertilized. The failure at this point ends up having repercussions Approved by: Sarah Mantwill, University of Lucerne, Switzerland
{"title":"ASPHER Statement: 5 + 5 + 5 Points for Improving Food Security in the Context of the Russia-Ukraine War. An Opportunity Arising From the Disaster?","authors":"Henrique Lopes, Jose Martin-Moreno","doi":"10.3389/phrs.2022.1605321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/phrs.2022.1605321","url":null,"abstract":"The situation triggered by the war initiated by Russia in Ukraine, in addition to the widely known impacts that it has directly on the affected populations, has consequences that affect to almost the entire world population. The effects are verified either through increases in the reference prices of commodities, or by occasional ruptures in the supply chains, all of which contribute to the worsening of the economic and social conditions of most of the people. One of the sectors with predictably the greatest impact is food, through multiple mechanisms that end up having the same end result: the worsening of the quantity of food produced on the planet and potentially the decrease of diets quality. Russia and Ukraine are two of the biggest food exporters at a worldwide level, as illustrated by the WPF [1], accounting for 14% of world exports of maize, 18% of wheat and 40% of sunflower. The immediate consequence of the war was the rise in the prices of essential products, both for human and animal food, with historic high values being registered. There have also been financial speculative phenomena with food commodities, which amplifies the phenomenon of price elasticities [2–5]. Several countries depend on a large scale on imports from these countries at war, especially those in African and in the Near East [6, 7]. Therefore, there are strong reasons to believe that in addition to potential food shortages in the war zone, there may be a worsening of the food condition in the near future in regions where it was already fragile or perilous. Even for countries with sufficient economic conditions to continue to obtain supplies at rising prices of food raw materials, it must be considered that many vulnerable groups already faced difficulties before the war in maintaining a sufficient, healthy and balanced diet. In addition to the above-mentioned situation, Russia is the world’s largest exporter of fertilizers [8–12], particularly in the supply chain to Western Europe, a condition that has now been interrupted by countersanctions [13, 14] to the country. Given that it is not a type of product that can be easily found elsewhere and as it is directly indexed to energy prices, which are also rising, it is expected that in this agricultural year producers will find less availability of fertilizers on the market and those that are available are sold at very high prices. This also leads in the long term to a decrease in agricultural production outside the conflict zone. The months of March and April are critical for the volume and quality of European crops and plantations when many sowings are fertilized. The failure at this point ends up having repercussions Approved by: Sarah Mantwill, University of Lucerne, Switzerland","PeriodicalId":35944,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9532524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33496259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-20eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2022.1604686
Julia Dabravolskaj, Shelby Marozoff, Katerina Maximova, Sandra Campbell, Paul J Veugelers
Objective: Recent evidence suggests that adequate fruit and vegetables intake (FVI) might be associated with lower risk of common mental disorders (CMDs) in adults, but studies in youth are also beginning to emerge and are synthesized in this systematic review. Methods: Online databases were searched from inception to 30 October 2020 to locate cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies focusing on the FVI and CMDs in youth (i.e., 10-18 years old). The risk of bias of studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. Results: Among 3,944 records identified, 12 studies (8 cross-sectional, 1 case-control, and 3 prospective cohort studies) were included in the final synthesis. None of the prospective cohort studies identified a statistically significant association between FVI and CMDs in youth, although inconsistent associations were reported in cross-sectional and case-control studies. Conclusion: The lack of associations between FVI and CMDs in youth, along with consistent associations in adults, might be explained by the accumulation of risk theoretical model and methodological challenges.
{"title":"Relationship Between Fruit and Vegetables Intake and Common Mental Disorders in Youth: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Julia Dabravolskaj, Shelby Marozoff, Katerina Maximova, Sandra Campbell, Paul J Veugelers","doi":"10.3389/phrs.2022.1604686","DOIUrl":"10.3389/phrs.2022.1604686","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Recent evidence suggests that adequate fruit and vegetables intake (FVI) might be associated with lower risk of common mental disorders (CMDs) in adults, but studies in youth are also beginning to emerge and are synthesized in this systematic review. <b>Methods:</b> Online databases were searched from inception to 30 October 2020 to locate cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies focusing on the FVI and CMDs in youth (i.e., 10-18 years old). The risk of bias of studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. <b>Results:</b> Among 3,944 records identified, 12 studies (8 cross-sectional, 1 case-control, and 3 prospective cohort studies) were included in the final synthesis. None of the prospective cohort studies identified a statistically significant association between FVI and CMDs in youth, although inconsistent associations were reported in cross-sectional and case-control studies. <b>Conclusion:</b> The lack of associations between FVI and CMDs in youth, along with consistent associations in adults, might be explained by the accumulation of risk theoretical model and methodological challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":35944,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9530034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33491221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2022.1604921
Dean Carson, Robyn Preston, Anna-Karin Hurtig
Objectives: We examine the role of "local actors" and "local action" (LALA) in health service innovation in high-resource small rural settings and aim to inform debates about the extent to which communities can be empowered to drive change in service design and delivery. Methods: Using an adapted roles and activities framework we analyzed 32 studies of innovation projects in public health, clinical interventions, and service models. Results: Rural communities can investigate, lead, own and sustain innovation projects. However, there is a paucity of research reflecting limited reporting capacity and/or understanding of LALA. Highlighting this lack of evidence strengthens the need for study designs that enable an analysis of LALA. Conclusion: Innovation and community participation in health services are pressing issues in small rural settings where population size and distance from health infrastructure make service delivery challenging. Current reviews of community participation in rural health give little insight into the process of innovation nor understanding of how local actors produce improvements in innovation. This review outlines how communities and institutions can harness the essential role of LALA in supporting health innovations.
{"title":"Innovation in Rural Health Services Requires Local Actors and Local Action.","authors":"Dean Carson, Robyn Preston, Anna-Karin Hurtig","doi":"10.3389/phrs.2022.1604921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/phrs.2022.1604921","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> We examine the role of \"local actors\" and \"local action\" (LALA) in health service innovation in high-resource small rural settings and aim to inform debates about the extent to which communities can be empowered to drive change in service design and delivery. <b>Methods:</b> Using an adapted roles and activities framework we analyzed 32 studies of innovation projects in public health, clinical interventions, and service models. <b>Results:</b> Rural communities can investigate, lead, own and sustain innovation projects. However, there is a paucity of research reflecting limited reporting capacity and/or understanding of LALA. Highlighting this lack of evidence strengthens the need for study designs that enable an analysis of LALA. <b>Conclusion:</b> Innovation and community participation in health services are pressing issues in small rural settings where population size and distance from health infrastructure make service delivery challenging. Current reviews of community participation in rural health give little insight into the process of innovation nor understanding of how local actors produce improvements in innovation. This review outlines how communities and institutions can harness the essential role of LALA in supporting health innovations.</p>","PeriodicalId":35944,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9516414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40393149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-14eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2022.1604429
Mercedes Gomez Del Pulgar, Miguel Angel Cuevas-Budhart, Sonsoles Hernández-Iglesias, Maria Kappes, Veronica Andrea Riquelme Contreras, Esther Rodriguez-Lopez, Alina Maria De Almeida Souza, Maximo A Gonzalez Jurado, Almudena Crespo Cañizares
Objectives: To explore nursing health education interventions for non-communicable disease patients. Methods: The design was a systematic review of research work published between 2008 and 2018. The data sources included the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, COCHRANE, and LILACS. The studies that met the inclusion were assessed, and the analysis for methodological quality through the recommended tools CASPe, and JADAD. Results: Fifteen original studies from eight counties were included in the review; Findings revealed 13 studies with randomized samples and six used power analysis. Nurses' interventions included house calls, home care, and individual and group health education. Conclusion: Nursing interventions showed 76.4% the effectiveness of results in patient outcomes to promote and improve healthier lifestyles and quality of life of non-communicable disease patients. This review discloses the significant impact of nursing health education interventions. Nursing leadership and political decision-makers should consider providing programs to enhance health education knowledge and abilities. All of this can favor the sustainability of the global economy by changing the life style of thousands of people worldwide. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42020208809.
目的:探讨非传染性疾病患者护理健康教育干预措施。方法:本设计是对2008年至2018年发表的研究工作进行系统回顾。数据来源包括Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus、COCHRANE和LILACS。对符合纳入标准的研究进行评估,并通过推荐的工具CASPe和JADAD对方法学质量进行分析。结果:来自8个县的15项原始研究被纳入综述;研究结果显示,13项研究随机抽样,6项使用功率分析。护士的干预措施包括出诊、家庭护理以及个人和团体健康教育。结论:护理干预在促进和改善非传染性疾病患者健康生活方式和生活质量方面的效果为76.4%。这篇综述揭示了护理健康教育干预的显著影响。护理领导和政治决策者应考虑提供方案,以提高健康教育的知识和能力。所有这些都可以通过改变全世界成千上万人的生活方式来促进全球经济的可持续发展。注册:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/,编号CRD42020208809。
{"title":"Best Nursing Intervention Practices to Prevent Non-Communicable Disease: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Mercedes Gomez Del Pulgar, Miguel Angel Cuevas-Budhart, Sonsoles Hernández-Iglesias, Maria Kappes, Veronica Andrea Riquelme Contreras, Esther Rodriguez-Lopez, Alina Maria De Almeida Souza, Maximo A Gonzalez Jurado, Almudena Crespo Cañizares","doi":"10.3389/phrs.2022.1604429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/phrs.2022.1604429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> To explore nursing health education interventions for non-communicable disease patients. <b>Methods:</b> The design was a systematic review of research work published between 2008 and 2018. The data sources included the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, COCHRANE, and LILACS. The studies that met the inclusion were assessed, and the analysis for methodological quality through the recommended tools CASPe, and JADAD. <b>Results:</b> Fifteen original studies from eight counties were included in the review; Findings revealed 13 studies with randomized samples and six used power analysis. Nurses' interventions included house calls, home care, and individual and group health education. <b>Conclusion:</b> Nursing interventions showed 76.4% the effectiveness of results in patient outcomes to promote and improve healthier lifestyles and quality of life of non-communicable disease patients. This review discloses the significant impact of nursing health education interventions. Nursing leadership and political decision-makers should consider providing programs to enhance health education knowledge and abilities. All of this can favor the sustainability of the global economy by changing the life style of thousands of people worldwide. <b>Systematic Review Registration:</b> https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42020208809.</p>","PeriodicalId":35944,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9516617/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40393150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-12eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2022.1604776
Alhaji Umar Sow, Usman Abubakar Haruna, Oladunni Abimbola Amos, Edward Olorunfemi Olajide, Terhemen Amene, Oluwatomisin Dara Odususi, Bukola Adedoyin Adewusi, Chinedu Abia, Jackson Safari, Florence Wuraola Sorinola, Hassan Olayemi Alaka, Sulaiman Muhammad Musa
Background: Since the first confirmed case of the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Nigeria, the pandemic has become a major public health challenge, affecting different sectors of the country. While Nigeria is battling to control the spread of COVID-19, the eruption of new cholera cases has put additional pressure on the strained healthcare system. Evidence: We showed how the overwhelming focus on COVID-19 has jeopardized key cholera containment measures such as disease surveillance, risk communication, and case management. Policy Options and Recommendations: We recommend provision and universal access to safe water and sanitation as key cholera preventive and control measures. However, these are resources that developing countries including Nigeria find rather challenging to provide. We also proposed the implementation of well-coordinated multi-sectoral interventions that involve strengthening disease surveillance including access to safe drinking water, vaccines, and treatment, especially in vulnerable communities. Conclusion: This policy brief provides evidence for policymakers, which if acted upon, will foster sustainable solutions to the lingering cholera outbreaks in Nigeria.
{"title":"Tackling Cholera Outbreak Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria: Challenges and Recommendations.","authors":"Alhaji Umar Sow, Usman Abubakar Haruna, Oladunni Abimbola Amos, Edward Olorunfemi Olajide, Terhemen Amene, Oluwatomisin Dara Odususi, Bukola Adedoyin Adewusi, Chinedu Abia, Jackson Safari, Florence Wuraola Sorinola, Hassan Olayemi Alaka, Sulaiman Muhammad Musa","doi":"10.3389/phrs.2022.1604776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/phrs.2022.1604776","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Since the first confirmed case of the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Nigeria, the pandemic has become a major public health challenge, affecting different sectors of the country. While Nigeria is battling to control the spread of COVID-19, the eruption of new cholera cases has put additional pressure on the strained healthcare system. <b>Evidence</b>: We showed how the overwhelming focus on COVID-19 has jeopardized key cholera containment measures such as disease surveillance, risk communication, and case management. <b>Policy Options and Recommendations:</b> We recommend provision and universal access to safe water and sanitation as key cholera preventive and control measures. However, these are resources that developing countries including Nigeria find rather challenging to provide. We also proposed the implementation of well-coordinated multi-sectoral interventions that involve strengthening disease surveillance including access to safe drinking water, vaccines, and treatment, especially in vulnerable communities. <b>Conclusion:</b> This policy brief provides evidence for policymakers, which if acted upon, will foster sustainable solutions to the lingering cholera outbreaks in Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":35944,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9511573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40381550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-06eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2022.1604856
Deborah van Gaans, Katrina Erny-Albrecht, Jennifer Tieman
Objectives: This scoping review identifies and details the scope of practice of health professionals who provide palliative care within the primary health setting in Australia. Methods: A scoping review approach was conducted on the Cinahl (Ebsco), Scopus, Medline (Ovid) and PubMed databases to extract articles from 1 December 2015 to 1 December 2020. Broad text words and MeSH headings were used with relevance to palliative care, general practice, primary health, and community setting. Extracted journal articles were limited to those based on the Australian population or Australian health system. Results: Eighty-four papers met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The review identified the following health professional roles within the Primary Health Care setting undertaking palliative care: General Practitioner, Nurse, Pharmacist, Paramedics, Carers, and Allied Health professionals. Conclusion: This review offers a first understanding of the individual health professional roles and multidisciplinary team approach to actively providing palliative care within the Primary Health Care setting in Australia.
{"title":"Palliative Care Within the Primary Health Care Setting in Australia: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Deborah van Gaans, Katrina Erny-Albrecht, Jennifer Tieman","doi":"10.3389/phrs.2022.1604856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/phrs.2022.1604856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> This scoping review identifies and details the scope of practice of health professionals who provide palliative care within the primary health setting in Australia. <b>Methods:</b> A scoping review approach was conducted on the Cinahl (Ebsco), Scopus, Medline (Ovid) and PubMed databases to extract articles from 1 December 2015 to 1 December 2020. Broad text words and MeSH headings were used with relevance to palliative care, general practice, primary health, and community setting. Extracted journal articles were limited to those based on the Australian population or Australian health system. <b>Results:</b> Eighty-four papers met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The review identified the following health professional roles within the Primary Health Care setting undertaking palliative care: General Practitioner, Nurse, Pharmacist, Paramedics, Carers, and Allied Health professionals. <b>Conclusion:</b> This review offers a first understanding of the individual health professional roles and multidisciplinary team approach to actively providing palliative care within the Primary Health Care setting in Australia.</p>","PeriodicalId":35944,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9485459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33489259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-02eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2022.1604796
Carla Castillo-Laborde, Macarena Hirmas-Adauy, Isabel Matute, Anita Jasmen, Oscar Urrejola, Xaviera Molina, Camila Awad, Catalina Frey-Moreno, Sofia Pumarino-Lira, Fernando Descalzi-Rojas, Tomás José Ruiz, Barbara Plass
Objective: Identify barriers and facilitators in access to medicines for diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, considering patient, health provider, and health system perspectives. Methods: Scoping review based on Joanna Briggs methodology. The search considered PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Academic Search Ultimate, Web of Science, SciELO Citation Index, and grey literature. Two researchers conducted screening and eligibility phases. Data were thematically analyzed. Results: The review included 219 documents. Diabetes was the most studied condition; most of the evidence comes from patients and the United States. Affordability and availability of medicines were the most reported dimension and specific barrier respectively, both cross-cutting concerns. Among high- and middle-income countries, identified barriers were cost of medicines, accompaniment by professionals, long distances to facilities, and cultural aspects; cost of transportation emerges in low-income settings. Facilitators reported were financial accessibility, trained health workers, medicines closer to communities, and patients' education. Conclusion: Barriers and facilitators are determined by socioeconomic and cultural conditions, highlighting the role of health systems in regulatory and policy context (assuring financial coverage and free medicines); providers' role bringing medicines closer; and patients' health education and disease management.
目的:从患者、卫生服务提供者和卫生系统的角度出发,确定糖尿病、高血压和血脂异常药物获取的障碍和促进因素。方法:基于Joanna Briggs方法的范围审查。检索考虑了PubMed、Cochrane Library、CINAHL、Academic search Ultimate、Web of Science、SciELO引文索引和灰色文献。两名研究人员进行了筛选和资格阶段。对数据进行主题分析。结果:共纳入219篇文献。糖尿病是研究最多的疾病;大多数证据来自患者和美国。药品的可负担性和可获得性分别是报告最多的方面和具体障碍,两者都是交叉关注的问题。在高收入和中等收入国家,确定的障碍是药品费用、专业人员陪同、距离设施很远以及文化方面;交通成本出现在低收入环境中。据报告,促进因素包括经济可及性、训练有素的卫生工作者、离社区更近的药品以及患者的教育。结论:障碍和促进因素是由社会经济和文化条件决定的,突出了卫生系统在监管和政策背景下的作用(确保财政覆盖和免费药品);提供者拉近药品距离的作用;以及患者健康教育和疾病管理。
{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators in Access to Diabetes, Hypertension, and Dyslipidemia Medicines: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Carla Castillo-Laborde, Macarena Hirmas-Adauy, Isabel Matute, Anita Jasmen, Oscar Urrejola, Xaviera Molina, Camila Awad, Catalina Frey-Moreno, Sofia Pumarino-Lira, Fernando Descalzi-Rojas, Tomás José Ruiz, Barbara Plass","doi":"10.3389/phrs.2022.1604796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/phrs.2022.1604796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Identify barriers and facilitators in access to medicines for diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, considering patient, health provider, and health system perspectives. <b>Methods:</b> Scoping review based on Joanna Briggs methodology. The search considered PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Academic Search Ultimate, Web of Science, SciELO Citation Index, and grey literature. Two researchers conducted screening and eligibility phases. Data were thematically analyzed. <b>Results:</b> The review included 219 documents. Diabetes was the most studied condition; most of the evidence comes from patients and the United States. Affordability and availability of medicines were the most reported dimension and specific barrier respectively, both cross-cutting concerns. Among high- and middle-income countries, identified barriers were cost of medicines, accompaniment by professionals, long distances to facilities, and cultural aspects; cost of transportation emerges in low-income settings. Facilitators reported were financial accessibility, trained health workers, medicines closer to communities, and patients' education. <b>Conclusion:</b> Barriers and facilitators are determined by socioeconomic and cultural conditions, highlighting the role of health systems in regulatory and policy context (assuring financial coverage and free medicines); providers' role bringing medicines closer; and patients' health education and disease management.</p>","PeriodicalId":35944,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9479461/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40367652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-10eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2022.1604775
Triin Veber, Usha Dahal, Katrin Lang, Kati Orru, Hans Orru
Objectives: To review the evidence of associations between adverse birth outcomes (ABO) and industrial air pollution. Methods: Searches were conducted in PubMed, and Scopus databases, and additional articles were found from snowball search techniques. The included studies feature a study population of mothers with live-born babies exposed to industrial air pollutants, and they examine the effects of industrial pollutants on adverse birth outcomes-namely, low birth weight, term low birth weight, preterm birth, and small for gestational age. Results: Altogether, 45 studies were included in this review. Exposure to PM2.5, PAHs, benzene, cadmium, and mixtures of industrial air pollutants and living near an industrial area affect birth outcomes. Conclusion: This study concludes that industrial air pollution is an important risk factor for ABO, especially low birth weight and preterm birth. The strongest evidence is associations between ABO and air pollution from power plants and petrochemical industries. Understanding of specific chemicals that are critical to birth outcomes is still vague. However, the evidence is strongest for more specific air pollutants from the industry, such as PAH, benzene, BTEX, and cadmium.
{"title":"Industrial Air Pollution Leads to Adverse Birth Outcomes: A Systematized Review of Different Exposure Metrics and Health Effects in Newborns.","authors":"Triin Veber, Usha Dahal, Katrin Lang, Kati Orru, Hans Orru","doi":"10.3389/phrs.2022.1604775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/phrs.2022.1604775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objectives:</b> To review the evidence of associations between adverse birth outcomes (ABO) and industrial air pollution. <b>Methods:</b> Searches were conducted in PubMed, and Scopus databases, and additional articles were found from snowball search techniques. The included studies feature a study population of mothers with live-born babies exposed to industrial air pollutants, and they examine the effects of industrial pollutants on adverse birth outcomes-namely, low birth weight, term low birth weight, preterm birth, and small for gestational age. <b>Results:</b> Altogether, 45 studies were included in this review. Exposure to PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PAHs, benzene, cadmium, and mixtures of industrial air pollutants and living near an industrial area affect birth outcomes. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study concludes that industrial air pollution is an important risk factor for ABO, especially low birth weight and preterm birth. The strongest evidence is associations between ABO and air pollution from power plants and petrochemical industries. Understanding of specific chemicals that are critical to birth outcomes is still vague. However, the evidence is strongest for more specific air pollutants from the industry, such as PAH, benzene, BTEX, and cadmium.</p>","PeriodicalId":35944,"journal":{"name":"PUBLIC HEALTH REVIEWS","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9400407/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33444854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}