Pub Date : 2021-03-25DOI: 10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425315
A. Lazar, O. Donţu, C. Comeaga
This paper presents design and test of a system for alignment monitoring and automatic control of a laser beam direction of propagation. A laser beam is aligned when the direction of propagation passes through two points defined in irises planes $(mathrm{O}_{1}(mathrm{x}1, mathrm{y}_{1}), mathrm{O}_{2}(mathrm{x}2, mathrm{y}_{2}))$, separated by an arbitrary distance, and having the same height from the working plane (Oi(yi) $=mathrm{O}_{2}(mathrm{y}_{2})$). The method of automatic laser beam alignment is based on detection of changes in position by using a CCD camera and automatic repositioning. By integrating actuators in the kinematic mounts, is achieved the automatic orientation of the beam through the center of two coordinates defined by the references Oi and O2. The coordinates of points Oi and O2 in the alignment system are sent to the CCD camera by generating two reflections using laser beam splitters. The position changes detected by the CCD camera are processed by the controller and converted into control pulses for the execution elements that perform the automatic orientation of the beam through the points O1, O2.
{"title":"Mechatronic System for Monitoring and Controlling the Direction of Propagation of the Laser Beam","authors":"A. Lazar, O. Donţu, C. Comeaga","doi":"10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425315","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents design and test of a system for alignment monitoring and automatic control of a laser beam direction of propagation. A laser beam is aligned when the direction of propagation passes through two points defined in irises planes $(mathrm{O}_{1}(mathrm{x}1, mathrm{y}_{1}), mathrm{O}_{2}(mathrm{x}2, mathrm{y}_{2}))$, separated by an arbitrary distance, and having the same height from the working plane (Oi(yi) $=mathrm{O}_{2}(mathrm{y}_{2})$). The method of automatic laser beam alignment is based on detection of changes in position by using a CCD camera and automatic repositioning. By integrating actuators in the kinematic mounts, is achieved the automatic orientation of the beam through the center of two coordinates defined by the references Oi and O2. The coordinates of points Oi and O2 in the alignment system are sent to the CCD camera by generating two reflections using laser beam splitters. The position changes detected by the CCD camera are processed by the controller and converted into control pulses for the execution elements that perform the automatic orientation of the beam through the points O1, O2.","PeriodicalId":359645,"journal":{"name":"2021 12th International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering (ATEE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129614044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-25DOI: 10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425209
Adile Akpunar, S. Iplikci
In this study, control and parameter estimation of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) has been achieved by a relatively novel model predictive control method, which is referred to as the Runge-Kutta Model Based Predictive Control (RKMPC). Since PMSMs exhibit relatively nonlinear behavior and their parameter values are critical, they necessitate more robust control and parameter estimation than conventional control methods. Parameters of the PMSMs are subject to abrupt changes in load and temperature. These parameter fluctuations significantly affect the stability of the system. Therefore, in this study, beside the effective control of the system, an efficient parameter estimation has been established in the MATLAB/Simulink environment by RKMPC. The control and parameter estimation capability of RKMPC has been proven by simulation results.
{"title":"Control and Parameter Estimation of PMSM by Runge-Kutta Model Based Predictive Control","authors":"Adile Akpunar, S. Iplikci","doi":"10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425209","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, control and parameter estimation of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) has been achieved by a relatively novel model predictive control method, which is referred to as the Runge-Kutta Model Based Predictive Control (RKMPC). Since PMSMs exhibit relatively nonlinear behavior and their parameter values are critical, they necessitate more robust control and parameter estimation than conventional control methods. Parameters of the PMSMs are subject to abrupt changes in load and temperature. These parameter fluctuations significantly affect the stability of the system. Therefore, in this study, beside the effective control of the system, an efficient parameter estimation has been established in the MATLAB/Simulink environment by RKMPC. The control and parameter estimation capability of RKMPC has been proven by simulation results.","PeriodicalId":359645,"journal":{"name":"2021 12th International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering (ATEE)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129751449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-25DOI: 10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425122
Alexandru-Ionel Constantin, C. Dumitru, Emil Tudor, G. Cîrciumaru, Mariana Arsene
This paper presents results related to the design and comparison of two 150 kW liquid-cooled interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSM) with different rotor topologies, designed for electric vehicles (electric buses). The study is performed starting from a set of performance requirements of the traction motor. The cogging torque, back-electromagnetic force and the motor performances are analyzed. Also, a thermal steady state analysis at rated power and speed is performed and presented. The design of the machines is made using the Altair FluxMotor software, which combines analytical calculation with finite element method.
{"title":"Design and Comparison of Different Rotor Topologies at Liquid-Cooled Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines for Electric Vehicles","authors":"Alexandru-Ionel Constantin, C. Dumitru, Emil Tudor, G. Cîrciumaru, Mariana Arsene","doi":"10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425122","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents results related to the design and comparison of two 150 kW liquid-cooled interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSM) with different rotor topologies, designed for electric vehicles (electric buses). The study is performed starting from a set of performance requirements of the traction motor. The cogging torque, back-electromagnetic force and the motor performances are analyzed. Also, a thermal steady state analysis at rated power and speed is performed and presented. The design of the machines is made using the Altair FluxMotor software, which combines analytical calculation with finite element method.","PeriodicalId":359645,"journal":{"name":"2021 12th International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering (ATEE)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129782272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-25DOI: 10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425348
Rabhi Abderrahmane El Djallil, Hartani Kada, Guettaf Yacine, Aouadj Norediene
Due to its design and structure, the electric vehicle is part of multi-machine multi-converter systems (MMS). For electric vehicle control, one of the control structures applied to MMS will be applied based on torque control. The present work contributes to the development of a new control structure for an electric vehicle (EV) equipped with two sets of bi-interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMS) in-wheel motors (IWM) connected in parallel and supplied by a single three-phase three-level NPC inverter, one set on the left longitudinal side and one on the right longitudinal side. In order to produce the corresponding torque to the driving wheels according to the driver’s steering, acceleration or braking commands, each set is controlled by a proposed fuzzy direct torque control using PSO algorithm. The proposed control structure, adapted on the basis of a “master-slave” control structure, was implemented and tested in simulation to analyze its robustness under mechanical and electrical disturbances. Its extension to the EV traction system allowing the improvement of lateral stability and the safety of the electric vehicle during cornering situations.
{"title":"New Fuzzy Direct Torque Control optimization for In-Wheel Motors used in Electric Vehicle Applications","authors":"Rabhi Abderrahmane El Djallil, Hartani Kada, Guettaf Yacine, Aouadj Norediene","doi":"10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425348","url":null,"abstract":"Due to its design and structure, the electric vehicle is part of multi-machine multi-converter systems (MMS). For electric vehicle control, one of the control structures applied to MMS will be applied based on torque control. The present work contributes to the development of a new control structure for an electric vehicle (EV) equipped with two sets of bi-interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMS) in-wheel motors (IWM) connected in parallel and supplied by a single three-phase three-level NPC inverter, one set on the left longitudinal side and one on the right longitudinal side. In order to produce the corresponding torque to the driving wheels according to the driver’s steering, acceleration or braking commands, each set is controlled by a proposed fuzzy direct torque control using PSO algorithm. The proposed control structure, adapted on the basis of a “master-slave” control structure, was implemented and tested in simulation to analyze its robustness under mechanical and electrical disturbances. Its extension to the EV traction system allowing the improvement of lateral stability and the safety of the electric vehicle during cornering situations.","PeriodicalId":359645,"journal":{"name":"2021 12th International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering (ATEE)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121064975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-25DOI: 10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425207
G. Hua, H. Luo, Y.X. Cui, Y.P. Liu, Linfu Xie
The grading rings working in complex environment are often reported with corona discharge. Their surfaces are often found with non_ideal surface morphology affected by wind erosion and/or dirt accumulation. To reduce corona discharge of these grading rings operated online, two anti-corona schemes, grinding and RTV(Room Temperature Vulcanized Silicone Rubber) coating, are proposed. Through analyzing the simulation results, it is found that the two schemes can improve the surface electric field to achieve the purpose of anti-corona. After comparing the two schemes, RTV coating scheme shows more obvious to reduce the maximum electric field intensity of the surface than the grinding scheme, and RTV coating is easier than grinding to be implemented in engineering practice.
{"title":"Simulation Study on Two Anti-corona Schemes of Grading Ring with Non-ideal Surface Morphology","authors":"G. Hua, H. Luo, Y.X. Cui, Y.P. Liu, Linfu Xie","doi":"10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425207","url":null,"abstract":"The grading rings working in complex environment are often reported with corona discharge. Their surfaces are often found with non_ideal surface morphology affected by wind erosion and/or dirt accumulation. To reduce corona discharge of these grading rings operated online, two anti-corona schemes, grinding and RTV(Room Temperature Vulcanized Silicone Rubber) coating, are proposed. Through analyzing the simulation results, it is found that the two schemes can improve the surface electric field to achieve the purpose of anti-corona. After comparing the two schemes, RTV coating scheme shows more obvious to reduce the maximum electric field intensity of the surface than the grinding scheme, and RTV coating is easier than grinding to be implemented in engineering practice.","PeriodicalId":359645,"journal":{"name":"2021 12th International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering (ATEE)","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115942936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-25DOI: 10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425139
F. Stoian, S. Holotescu, D. Susan-Resiga, O. Marinica
In this paper the results of the investigations on the magnetic and transport properties (rheological, thermal and electrical) of a set of concentrated magnetic nanofluid samples, prepared for use as liquid core in a planar micro-transformer are presented. The potential advantages with reference to the corresponding properties that a ferrite core should fulfill are outlined.
{"title":"Concentrated Magnetic Nanofluids for Use as Liquid Core: Magnetic and Transport Properties","authors":"F. Stoian, S. Holotescu, D. Susan-Resiga, O. Marinica","doi":"10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425139","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper the results of the investigations on the magnetic and transport properties (rheological, thermal and electrical) of a set of concentrated magnetic nanofluid samples, prepared for use as liquid core in a planar micro-transformer are presented. The potential advantages with reference to the corresponding properties that a ferrite core should fulfill are outlined.","PeriodicalId":359645,"journal":{"name":"2021 12th International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering (ATEE)","volume":"228 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131419140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-25DOI: 10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425102
C. Borzea, A. Morega, D. Comeagă, Yelda Veli
Temperature can affect the performances of a piezoelectric transducer, and temperature fluctuations can contribute to additional variability in the response, both in terms of natural mechanical frequency and electric output. The paper aims to assess these influences of thermal conditions on the performances of a piezoelectric harvester, using Finite Element Method simulations. The material of the piezoelectric wafers is PZT-5H (soft lead zirconate titanate), with improved performances for energy harvesting over other materials. In spite of its improved piezoelectric effect, this one can be less stable with temperature variations. Before harnessing the vibrations of any equipment subjected to important thermal effects during operation, temperature has to be measured in the mounting spot. The temperature, here, is $-30^{circ}mathrm{C}$ to $100^{circ}mathrm{C}$. The paper aims to assess how the working temperature of the targeted machinery influences the response of the harvester.
{"title":"Temperature Influence on the Performances of a PZT-5H Piezoelectric Harvester","authors":"C. Borzea, A. Morega, D. Comeagă, Yelda Veli","doi":"10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425102","url":null,"abstract":"Temperature can affect the performances of a piezoelectric transducer, and temperature fluctuations can contribute to additional variability in the response, both in terms of natural mechanical frequency and electric output. The paper aims to assess these influences of thermal conditions on the performances of a piezoelectric harvester, using Finite Element Method simulations. The material of the piezoelectric wafers is PZT-5H (soft lead zirconate titanate), with improved performances for energy harvesting over other materials. In spite of its improved piezoelectric effect, this one can be less stable with temperature variations. Before harnessing the vibrations of any equipment subjected to important thermal effects during operation, temperature has to be measured in the mounting spot. The temperature, here, is $-30^{circ}mathrm{C}$ to $100^{circ}mathrm{C}$. The paper aims to assess how the working temperature of the targeted machinery influences the response of the harvester.","PeriodicalId":359645,"journal":{"name":"2021 12th International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering (ATEE)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121580904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-25DOI: 10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425214
E. Chitanu, T. Malaeru, M. Codescu, C. Banciu, V. Marinescu
This work presents the synthesis of monodisperse silica functionalized nanoparticles, with suitable properties for multilayer coatings organo-functionalized oxide type. Silicon dioxide (SiO2) functionalized with 1H, 1H, 2H, 2HPerfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (PFOTS) has superhydrophobic properties (contact angle up to 150°) and, applied on painted surface, improves the hydrophobic properties of multilayer coatings, by contact angle increase from 77° for paint up to 127° for the multilayer / paint system.
{"title":"Hydrophobic Protective Coatings Based on Functionalized SiO2 for Wind Devices Applications","authors":"E. Chitanu, T. Malaeru, M. Codescu, C. Banciu, V. Marinescu","doi":"10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425214","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents the synthesis of monodisperse silica functionalized nanoparticles, with suitable properties for multilayer coatings organo-functionalized oxide type. Silicon dioxide (SiO2) functionalized with 1H, 1H, 2H, 2HPerfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (PFOTS) has superhydrophobic properties (contact angle up to 150°) and, applied on painted surface, improves the hydrophobic properties of multilayer coatings, by contact angle increase from 77° for paint up to 127° for the multilayer / paint system.","PeriodicalId":359645,"journal":{"name":"2021 12th International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering (ATEE)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125247971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-25DOI: 10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425073
A. Vulpe-Grigorasi, O. Grigore
This paper presents a method of optimizing the hyperparameters of a convolutional neural network in order to increase accuracy in the context of facial emotion recognition. The optimal hyperparameters of the network were determined by generating and training models based on Random Search algorithm applied on a search space defined by discrete values of hyperparameters. The best model resulted was trained and evaluated using FER2013 database, obtaining an accuracy of 72.16%.
{"title":"Convolutional Neural Network Hyperparameters optimization for Facial Emotion Recognition","authors":"A. Vulpe-Grigorasi, O. Grigore","doi":"10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425073","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a method of optimizing the hyperparameters of a convolutional neural network in order to increase accuracy in the context of facial emotion recognition. The optimal hyperparameters of the network were determined by generating and training models based on Random Search algorithm applied on a search space defined by discrete values of hyperparameters. The best model resulted was trained and evaluated using FER2013 database, obtaining an accuracy of 72.16%.","PeriodicalId":359645,"journal":{"name":"2021 12th International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering (ATEE)","volume":"121 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114778378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-25DOI: 10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425159
A. Duca
A new QPSO (Quantum-behaved Particle Swarm Optimization) with selected random mean is proposed in this paper for solving electromagnetic optimization problems. The selection procedure is a probabilistic mechanism indirectly based on the fitness measure of the solutions, solutions which are candidates for the QPSO mean term. The selection is controlled through a locality search parameter which is adapted during the optimization process to improve the overall performance of the algorithm. To test the performances two benchmark electromagnetic functions are considered, namely TEAM22 and Loney’s solenoid
{"title":"Improved QPSO with Selected Random Mean for Electromagnetic Problems","authors":"A. Duca","doi":"10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ATEE52255.2021.9425159","url":null,"abstract":"A new QPSO (Quantum-behaved Particle Swarm Optimization) with selected random mean is proposed in this paper for solving electromagnetic optimization problems. The selection procedure is a probabilistic mechanism indirectly based on the fitness measure of the solutions, solutions which are candidates for the QPSO mean term. The selection is controlled through a locality search parameter which is adapted during the optimization process to improve the overall performance of the algorithm. To test the performances two benchmark electromagnetic functions are considered, namely TEAM22 and Loney’s solenoid","PeriodicalId":359645,"journal":{"name":"2021 12th International Symposium on Advanced Topics in Electrical Engineering (ATEE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116079343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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