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[Preliminary study on the first book of the forensic medicine translated from Japanese Han Yi Shi Yong Fa Yi Xue Da Quan(Practical forensic medicine translated into Chinese)]. [译自日文的《汉译永法一学大全》第一册《实用法医学》初探]。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240304-00026
W H Sun

In 1908, Wang You and Yang Hongtong, who studied in Japan, translated Han Yi Shi Yong Fa Yi Xue Da Quan(Practical forensic medicine translated into Chinese), which was the first book of the modern forensic medicine translated from Japanese and the first independent translation of the book of the modern forensic medicine by Chinese, playing an important role in the history of the development of modern forensic medicine and the history of scientific and technological exchanges in China. Han Yi Shi Yong Fa Yi Xue Da Quan introduced to China the advanced basic knowledge, techniques and instruments of modern forensic medicine in foreign countries in the form of textbooks, and supplemented the deficiencies of traditional Chinese forensic toxicology, forensic material evidence and other knowledge. It is found that the background of forensic science of Wang You and Yang Hongtong makes Han Yi Shi Yong Fa Yi Xue Da Quan show the characteristics of the combination of Chinese and Western and graphic combination. Han Yi Shi Yong Fa Yi Xue Da Quan has been actively spread in modern times. In the late Qing Dynasty, it was taken as the textbook of the examination and learning Institute of the capital by the Ministry of Law, and continued to be republished after the Republic of China, which had an important impact on the creation and development of modern forensic medicine.

1908年,留学日本的王佑、杨弘通等人翻译了《汉易实永法易学大全》,这是第一部从日文翻译过来的近代法医学著作,也是中国人独立翻译的第一部近代法医学著作,在中国近代法医学发展史和科技交流史上发挥了重要作用。汉一世永发易学大全》将国外先进的现代法医学基础知识、技术和仪器以教科书的形式引入中国,补充了中国传统法医毒理学、法医物证学等知识的不足。研究发现,王佑、杨洪通的法医学背景使《汉易学永法易学大全》呈现出中西合璧、图文结合的特点。汉仪世永发易学大典》在近代得到了积极传播。清末,该书被法部作为京师考学馆的教材,民国后继续再版,对近代法医学的创立和发展产生了重要影响。
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引用次数: 0
[The issue and abolition of the Interim Regulations on Chinese Medicine Shops and Western Pharmacy Registration in the period of the Republic of China]. [民国时期《中药店西药房登记暂行条例》的发布与废止]。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240103-00003
Z Ge, B W Xie, Y Duan, F Wan

The Interim Regulations on Chinese Medicine Shops and Western Pharmacy Registration issued by the Shanghai Bureau of Illegal Drugs in 1922, required that Chinese medicine shops in Shanghai area be audited, registered and pay registration fees. This regulation was abolished along with the dissolution of the Shanghai Bureau of Illegal Drugs in 1925. The Interim Regulations on Chinese Medicine Shops and Western Pharmacy Registration drove people, to some extent, to attach the importance and awareness of Chinese medicine and its administration. While it had some problems, such as improper intention and unclear concepts in the period of the Republic of China, a sound system for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) administration had not been established. It confirmed that Chinese materia medica has its unique knowledge system and development form, therefore, should not be uniformly administered as Western medicine. It indicated that TCM pharmacy administration should have a reasonable system and channels to promote the development of the Chinese materia medica industry.

1922 年,上海违禁药品局颁布了《中药店及西药房登记暂行条例》,要求对上海地区的中药店进行审核、登记并缴纳登记费。1925 年,上海违禁药品局解散,该条例也随之废止。中药店、西药房登记暂行条例》在一定程度上推动了人们对中医药及其管理的重视和认识。民国时期的《中药店西药房暂行条例》虽然存在立意不当、概念不清等问题,但尚未建立起完善的中医药管理体制。它肯定了中药有其独特的知识体系和发展形态,因此不能像西药一样统一管理。报告指出,中医药管理应有合理的制度和渠道,以促进中药产业的发展。
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引用次数: 0
[Difference and unification of the two circulatory routes of Protecting-Qi in the medical canon Lingshu]. [医典《灵枢》中 "护气 "二脉的异同】。]
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20231212-00068
S M Song, L Y Chen

The Moving Protecting-Qi (Wei Qi Xing), in Lingshu, one of the volumes of the Inner Cannon of Huangdi, records two types of circulatory routes which were believed to link man and nature (a traditional Chinese medicine theory that argues man is an integral part of nature). The first type of circulatory route matched the Sun and twenty-eight lunar mansions because it was believed that the Protecting-Qi circulates through different body parts of human during the day and night. This indicates that the Protecting-Qi passes through the meridians at day time and washes the five viscera at night. The second type matched the hourglass. This means it does twenty-five cycles circulation through three Yang and one Yin in the human body on a centigrade scale. The Protecting-Qi in Lingshu attempted to unify the two circulatory routes numerically by equating the two different time measures-the sun moving and the hourglass. Additionally, it implicitly took an ambiguous concept of 'Yin Fen' to replace the different parts of the five viscera, attempting to unify the two circulatory routes together. However, because of the intrinsic differences between the two circulatory routes, this effort does not make sense. It was found that the first circulatory route is mostly used in clinical practice to explain and treat disorders associated with yawning and insomnia, yet there exists a subtle difference in theoretical explanation.

黄帝内经》卷之一《灵枢》中的《卫气行》记载了两种循环路线,认为这两种路线将人与自然联系在一起(传统中医理论认为人是自然不可分割的一部分)。第一种循环路线与太阳和二十八宿相匹配,因为人们认为保护之气在白天和黑夜会在人的不同身体部位循环。这表明保护之气在白天通过经脉,在晚上洗涤五脏。第二种与沙漏相匹配。这表示它以摄氏度为单位,在人体的三阳一阴中循环二十五次。灵枢》中的 "护气 "试图通过将两种不同的时间度量--太阳运行和沙漏--等同起来,在数字上统一两种循环路线。此外,《灵枢》还隐含地用 "阴分 "这一模糊概念来取代五脏的不同部分,试图将两种循环路线统一起来。然而,由于两种循环途径存在内在差异,这种努力并不合理。研究发现,在临床实践中,第一条循环路线大多用于解释和治疗与打哈欠和失眠相关的疾病,但在理论解释上却存在着微妙的差异。
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引用次数: 0
[Examining the author of She Sheng Yao Yi]. [试论《佘生耀义》的作者】。]
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20200603-00082
X Y Li, L Z Jiang

She Sheng Yao Yi, a medical book on how to keep fit and healthy in the Ming Dynasty, contained a variety of theoretical ideas for doing so from diverse traditional Chinese medicine physicians and had great influence. However, its author has not been identified because the author of this book in Bibliography of Ancient Books of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Bibliography of Ancient Chinese Books is claimed to be different. The authors dates of birth and death also vary in other relevant reference books. This paper examines and identifies the author of this book based on biographies, historical records, dictionaries and other relevant documents, with a view to contributing to the research of medical history literature.

社生要义》是明代一部关于如何健身养生的医书,收录了不同中医的各种健身养生理论观点,影响很大。然而,由于《中医古籍书目》和《中国古籍善本书目》中该书的作者据称不同,因此该书的作者尚未确定。在其他相关参考书中,作者的生卒年也不尽相同。本文根据传记、史料、辞书及其他相关文献,对该书作者进行考证和鉴定,以期对医史文献研究有所贡献。
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引用次数: 0
[Calamine in the ophthalmic external treatment prescription in ancient times]. [古代眼科外治处方中的炉甘石]。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20231201-00061
Y Yang, R R Zhao, S P Zhao, S Liu, Q Sheng, S Y Liu

Calamine and its related medicines came into China as articles of tribute from other countries in ancient times. It was not recorded in the books of Chinese materia medica before the Song Dynasty but was widely used in ophthalmology, dermatology and traumatology and was, recorded specifically in the Ming and Qing Dynasty. This paper systematically examines the evolution of calamine herb in the archives of traditional Chinese medicine in terms of ophthalmic eternal treatment prescriptions. It was found that a total of 320 ophthalmic treatment formulas or prescriptions involved calamine, mainly finding its expression in 67 books on herbal medicines, formula and prescriptions, clinical syndrome comprehension and ophthalmic monographs. It was also found that calamine, as an important ophthalmic external medicine, had a wide range of clinical applications, covering internal and external obstructive eye diseases. Its flexibility, diverse compatibility and use in various processing are of great value and significance for in-depth exploration of its current application, its further use in ophthalmic treatment formulas or prescriptions and the redevelopment of classic formulas and prescriptions as well.

菖蒲及其相关药物在古代作为贡品从其他国家传入中国。宋代以前的本草书籍中没有记载,但在眼科、皮肤科和外伤科中被广泛使用,明清时期有专门记载。本文从眼科永恒治疗方剂的角度,系统研究了中医档案中炉甘石药材的演变。研究发现,涉及菖蒲的眼科治疗方剂或处方共有 320 个,主要见于 67 种中药、方剂、临证理解和眼科专著中。研究还发现,炉甘石作为一种重要的眼科外用药,其临床应用范围十分广泛,涵盖了内障和外障眼病。其灵活多样的相容性和多种加工用途,对深入探讨其应用现状,进一步用于眼科治疗方剂或处方,以及对经典方剂和处方的再开发,都具有重要的价值和意义。
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引用次数: 0
[Comparing the concept of "Removing Worms" between traditional Chinese medicine and Ayurveda -- An example of Qiye Qingnian Powder]. [中药与阿育吠陀的 "除虫 "概念比较 -- 以七叶青粉为例]。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20231227-00081
R S Zhang, X Y Wang

The popular formula Qiye Qingnian Powder, prescribed by Hua Tuo (BC145 - 208), is believed to "remove three kinds of worms, be conducive to the five main organs, keep fit, and prevent one's hair from turning gray". It is a representative formula in terms of "removing worms to prolong life" in traditional Chinese medicine. This paper focuses on "Qiye" in this formula, which plays an important role in removing worms, reviews its place in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Tibetan medicine, and Ayurvedic medicine and compares the concept of "removing worms" in Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine. It was found that the name and efficacy of Bhallātaka in Ayurvedic medicine is related to "Qiye". It was also indicated that by comparing the concept of "worms" and the understanding of "removing worms" in traditional Chinese medicine and Ayurvedic medicine, in the theory of traditional medicines worms are the causative factor of diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine has rich connotations which involved medicinal concepts of Buddhism and Taoism and the idea of "removing worms to prolong life" is a unique contribution of traditional Chinese medicine to human health.

华佗(BC145 - 208)所开的脍炙人口的方剂 "七叶青膏散",被认为具有 "除三虫、利五脏、健身、防白发 "的功效。是中医 "除虫延年 "的代表方剂。本文重点研究了方中对除虫起重要作用的 "七叶",回顾了其在中医、藏医和阿育吠陀医学中的地位,并比较了中药和阿育吠陀医学中的 "除虫 "概念。研究发现,Bhallātaka 在阿育吠陀医学中的名称和功效与 "七叶 "有关。研究还表明,通过比较中医和阿育吠陀医学中 "虫 "的概念和对 "除虫 "的理解,在传统医学理论中,虫是疾病的致病因素。中医学内涵丰富,涉及佛教和道教的医学理念,"除虫延年 "思想是中医学对人类健康的独特贡献。
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引用次数: 0
[The establishment, development and change to the modern quarantine system at Swatow seaport]. [斯瓦托海港现代检疫系统的建立、发展和变化]。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20230807-00013
X Xiao

The right of seaports to quarantine in modern China was lost to western colonists in the 1880s. The establishment of the quarantine system at Swatow seaport made Swatow the first city in modern Guangdong to have such a system. This paper examines the content and development of the quarantine system at Swatow seaport and found the two main periods of the quarantine system development. 1883 -1926 was the period for the preliminary development of the quarantine system, which was under the management of the westerners. 1926 - 1949 was the period when it was regained by the then Chinese government but it was caught in a bid of multiple political powers before new China evolved. In such a process of power shifts and system changes, the benefits to the public were not valued and guaranteed. The development history of the quarantine system in modern Swatow seaport in the Republic of China Period mirrored the development of the quarantine system in China at that time.

近代中国的海港检疫权在 19 世纪 80 年代被西方殖民者夺走。汕头海港检疫制度的建立,使汕头成为广东近代第一个拥有海港检疫制度的城市。本文研究了汕头海港检疫制度的内容和发展,发现检疫制度发展的两个主要时期。1883 年至 1926 年是检疫制度的初步发展时期,由西方人管理。1926 年至 1949 年是检疫制度被当时的中国政府收回的时期,但在新中国成立之前,检疫制度陷入了多方政治势力的争夺之中。在这种权力转移和制度变迁的过程中,公众的利益得不到重视和保障。民国时期近代汕头海港检疫制度的发展历程,反映了当时中国检疫制度的发展历程。
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引用次数: 0
[The research programs and achievements of Guangxi Provincial Medical College during 1934-1945]. [1934-1945 年广西省立医学院的研究计划和成果]。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20221113-00163
B Z He

In 1934-1945, Guangxi Provincial Medical College continued to actively conducting scientific research and achieved fruitful results The research areas included medicine and pharmacy, with at least 43 research projects implemented and at least 130 research outputs. These achievements were made in a variety of ways, such as papers, monographs, compilations, anthologies, pharmaceutical products, diagnostic techniques, and instruments for therapy. Some of the achievements were awarded, and some others were widely applied clinically, contributing to the prevention and treatment of war injuries and the protection of people's health.

1934-1945 年,广西医学院继续积极开展科研工作,取得了丰硕成果。成果形式多样,有论文、专著、汇编、文集、药品、诊断技术、治疗仪器等。其中一些成果获得了奖励,还有一些成果被广泛应用于临床,为预防和治疗战争创伤、保护人民健康做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
[Xuezheng Quanji, the earliest monograph on blood disorder]. [学政全集》,最早的血液病专著]。
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20230717-00003
X Y Zhang, Z B Zhang

Xuezheng Quanji(«») written by Sun Guangyu, a doctor in the Ming Dynasty, is the first known book on blood disorders in China. The book mainly deals with bleeding. The book begins with a collection of the Neijing and the treatises of the sages, focusing on systematically summarizing the theories and experiences of the past dynasties in the treatment of bleeding, interspersed with Sun's own opinions.The main part discusses four types of bleeding, summarizing Sun's profound experience in clinical practice, and many of his personal creative opinions.In terms of causes,Sun believed that there are three causes of bleeding and more due to heat. In terms of treatment,he opposed the abuse of bitter cold and attached great importance to nourishing yin and strengthening kidney and proposed four treatment methods of dispelling stasis, nourishing Yin and suppressing Yang, regulating Qi and blood, and tonifying deficiency. He advocated that bleeding should not be treated quickly, and emphasized that the disease should be judged according to the bleeding location and bleeding color to use herbs flexibly.Special attention should be paid to daily life care during and after illness as well.

明代医学家孙光裕所著的《学正全书》是中国第一部关于血液病的专著。该书主要论述出血问题。全书以《内经》和诸子论著为开篇,着重系统地总结了历代医家治疗出血的理论和经验,并穿插了孙氏自己的见解。主体部分论述了四种出血类型,总结了孙氏在临床实践中的深刻体会,以及他个人的许多创造性见解。在治疗上,他反对滥用苦寒,重视滋阴补肾,提出了祛瘀、滋阴潜阳、理气活血、补益虚损四种治疗方法。他主张出血不宜急治,强调应根据出血部位和出血颜色判断病情,灵活运用中药,并特别注意病中和病后的日常生活护理。
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引用次数: 0
[The origin and development of Huanglong Decoction]. [黄龙汤的起源与发展]
Q4 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112155-20240105-00006
H Zhang, F C Zhang

"Different prescriptions with the same name" is a common phenomenon clinically in traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions. Huanglong Decoction can be regarded as a representative example of this phenomenon with many changes to the contents of the decoction during its development. To clarify and identify the typology of Huanglong Decoction, this paper attempts to explore the origins and evolution of almost all types of Huanglong Decoction with an archival method examining data before 1911. It was found that Huanglong Decoction has at least seven main types: Fecal Liquid, Xiaochaihu Decoction Plus or Minus, Tao's, Taiping Shenghui Fang, Shengji Zonglu, Fu's and Zhulin Gynecology Treatment. Xiaochaihu Decoction Plus or Minus (Xiao Chai Hu Tang Jia Jian) includes four subcategories: Yao's Huanglong Decoction, Gujin Luyan Huanglong Decoction, Leizheng Huorenshu Huanglong Decoction, and Qian's Huanglong Decoction. It was also found that Xinjia Huanglong Decoction is derived from Tao's Huanglong Decoction.

"同名异方 "是中药方剂临床上常见的一种现象。黄龙汤可谓这一现象的代表,在其发展过程中,黄龙汤的内容变化多端。为了厘清黄龙汤的类型,本文试图通过档案法研究 1911 年前的资料,探讨几乎所有类型黄龙汤的起源和演变。研究发现,黄龙汤至少有七种主要类型:粪液、小柴胡汤加减、陶氏汤、太平圣惠方、圣济总录、傅氏汤、竹林妇科汤。小柴胡汤加减》包括四个子类:姚氏黄龙煎、古今绿萼黄龙煎、雷正火仁舒黄龙煎、钱氏黄龙煎。研究还发现,新加黄龙煎剂源自陶氏黄龙煎剂。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
中华医史杂志
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