Zhonghua yi shi za zhi (Beijing, China : 1980)最新文献

Some information and records about musk (She, ) and river deer (Zhang, /) can be found in local chronicles or documents in Guizhou. They were taken as the same species in terms of a medicinal animal. The records for their living areas in Guizhou were neither clear nor in detail in the Ming Dynasty, but were specific in the Qing Dynasty and more concise in the period of the Republic of China. The living areas for musk and river deer reduced from the Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China. Such change was believed to be the result of the natural environment and the social factors as well, such as the reclamation of mountain areas in Guizhou, the reduction of forests, and the demand and resulting exorbitant prices that led to excessive hunting.

From 1950 to 1970, under the leadership of the central government, workstations for the prevention and control of schistosomiasis were established in the southern Anhui region. In terms of controlling the source of the disease, light and severe epidemic areas were scientifically divided. By opening new ditches to replace old ones, changing paddy fields to dry fields, and using traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine to prevent the intermediate host of schistosomiasis, oncomelania from surviving. By managing the feces from human and animals and controlling the water source, the transmission route of schistosome eggs has been effectively cut off. At the same time, the education of hygiene awareness among susceptible populations were strengthened. In terms of diagnosis, modern physical and biochemical detection were used to improve the accuracy of diagnosis. In terms of treatment, by combining traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, together with the splenectomy, the cure rates were improved. In the process of preventing and controlling schistosomiasis, the governments of Anhui Province and the southern region of Anhui Province achieved good results, providing useful reference for the prevention and control of other diseases.

Since the 20th century, with the progress of brain science research, scientists have discovered the brain GPS, revealing the mechanism of brain spatial cognition. The discovery process of brain GPS has gone through three stages. In 1971, John O'Keefe discovered the position cells in the hippocampus of the brain, which was the beginning of the research on the GPS in the brain; In 1900, James Rank discovered the head direction cells in the medial entorhinal cortex of the brain, and the research on the GPS in the brain made a breakthrough; In 2005, Edvard I. Moser and his wife discovered grid cells, marking the maturity of the research on GPS in the brain. The discovery of intracerebral GPS not only reveals the spatial cognitive function of the brain at the cellular level, but also provides a theoretical basis for the study of diseases related to the nervous system.

Yang ke xuan cui («») is a surgical work compiled by Chen Wenzhi () of the Ming Dynasty. There are few of research on the completion and author of the book. Based on the evidences in the local chronicles, the prefaces and postscripts of the book, it has been verified that the book was originally completed no later than 1591, and Chen Wenzhi passed away no later than 1623. After investigating the 6 editions collected by 8 institutions, a collection of 11 books in total, by comparing the characteristics and circulation relationship of each edition, two systems of circulation were sorted out: block-printed edition of Xu Xi () and review edition of Xu Dachun ().

William Lockhart's A Treatise on Midwifery, published in 1842, is the first English translation Monograph of ancient obstetric book in traditional Chinese medicine.To take the translation postscript as clue, adopt research methods like textual bibliography etc., and integrate the relevant historical data and the libraries collection information, it is found that the original version of the English translation is the carving copy of Da Sheng Bian engraved by Fuxian Hall on Rongxian Street, Foxian County,Guangdong Province, in the fifth year of the reign of Emperor Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty (1825). It is now collected in the National Library of Australia and the Dun's Library of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland, and the sources of both collections are related to William Lockhart.

The medical and health care and services in China were highly developed in the period of the Republic of China, and the healthcare service system also improved. The staff and students in medical colleges or universities, as implementers and practitioners, left their indelible marks in this period. They undertook their historical mission and embraced their responsibility in the special period by popularising medical diagnosis and treatment, reforming public health, advertising knowledge about women, infants and children, supporting the needs for war and popularising academic research. They combined theories and practice, traditional education and wartime education and academic research and social service. These services and activities of medical faculty and students provided historical references for today's medical universities in terms of undertaking social missions and promoting the spirit of dedication.

Fracture treatment requires a detailed understanding of the state and displacement of the fracture site. Before X-ray was discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen in 1895, it was almost impossible to know the location of the fracture fragments wrapped in skin and muscle. The early classical theories for this were mainly based on the medical theories of Hippocrates and Galen. The more clinical cases were accumulated, the more cases were inconsistent with the classical theories. Doctors either chose to stick to the classics for their diagnose or believed in their own judgment. The development of anatomy gradually became a means of examining fracture fragments. With the development of anatomy during and after the "Renaissance", doctors began to collect a large number of bone specimens and communicated this information to other doctors. Doctors discarded the strict adherence to early classical theories, and finally constructed a theoretical model to explain clinical questions with anatomical evidence.

This paper examined unearthed and handed down documents through terms and relative words in the section of Jiu Zhen Shi Er Yuan in Ling Shu.For instance, "Zi"(), in "Yu Zi Wan Min", was believed to be Zi (), meaning "support". The"Xing"(), in "Ling Ge You Xing (), Xian Li Zhen Jing", referred to "theoretical works on acupuncture practice". The original meaning of "Guan"() in "Cu Shou Guan (), Shang Shou Ji" () was "to protect the components of the trigger", and the original meaning of "Ji" () was "trigger", which was a metaphor in the text. "Gua"() in "Gua () Yi Fa" meant "to hang up", "Fa"() meant " hair", and " Gua Yi Fa" meant "to hang up something with hair".

Wu Shou was a doctor in a medical family in Qiantang, Zhejiang in the Ming Dynasty. He was promoted as a medical officer in the local government and the Imperial Academy of Medicine. His work, considered a masterpiece Shang Han Yun Yao Quan Shu was published around 1505. The series consisted of four volumes. The main content of the book focused on the taxonomy study to the Treatise on Febrile Diseases (Shang Han Lun). Wu Shou was politically accused of being a person who pursued fame and fortune but lacked medical skills because of the conflicts and contradiction between medical officials and the political service system in the period of the Chenghua and Hongzhi in the Ming Dynasty. However, his medical and academic thinking and skills for typhoid treatment shown in the book demonstrated that they were not as awful as what was described at that time.

The North of Jiangsu was a traditional area for leprosy in Chinese history. In the period of the Republic of China, one of the largest leprosy clinics in China was established in Ru Gao (Jugao) with the help of Chinese and foreign charitable organizations, the Chinese central government and some squires. It was the only large clinic for leprosy in the North of Jiangsu. It was officially opened in 1924, attached to the Presbyterian Church hospital, and was closed in 1927 after the breakout of the civil war. It reopened in May 1933, hosted by a leprologist, Lee S. Huizenga. Ru Gao (Jugao) leprosy clinic treated around 1,000 lepers in the North of Jiangsu with medicines and language communication. The establishment of the leprosy clinic made a historical contribution in terms of preventing leprosy from spreading to Shanghai. It closed in the spring of 1938 because of the invasion of the Japanese military.