International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry最新文献

Odontomas have been described as a dental abnormality that develops due to the overgrowth of certain components of the dental lamina, which eventually leads to the formation of a poorly structured calcified mass. The occurrence has been attributed to local trauma, infection, congenital defects, odontoblastic hyperactivity, or changes in the genetic material. Clinically, odontomas are largely asymptomatic and are diagnosed during routine examinations and procedures. However, they might frequently be associated with delayed eruption, impacted teeth, or missing teeth, warranting early diagnosis and management. This current paper describes the localization and management of a compound odontoma associated with multiple odontogenic abnormalities diagnosed in a 10-year-old girl. Eventually, surgical excision was planned and performed, and the defect was packed with PRF to promote healing and regeneration of the large defect.

How to cite this article: Budia S, Rathi N, Patil L, et al. Compound Odontoma Associated with Multiple Odontogenic Abnormalities in the Mandible of a Child: A Case Report and Review of Literature. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(8):945-950.

Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to answer the following focused question: Are rotary file systems more effective than hand file systems in terms of the quality of obturation and instrumentation time among primary teeth?

Study eligibility criteria participants and interventions: The inclusion criteria comprised studies that compared the effect on quality of obturation and instrumentation time among primary teeth after using rotary and hand file systems for biomechanical preparation of the root canals.

Materials and methods: This review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The searched databases included Medline (via PubMed), EBSCO, and Google Scholar. Articles published from January 2000 to December 2021, but only in English, were included.

Results: The search resulted in 8,003 published studies. After the removal of duplicate studies and full-text analysis, 9 studies were selected for systematic review, and 8 were selected for meta-analysis. Overall, the results demonstrated the promising effects of rotary file systems in reducing instrumentation time and improving obturation quality compared to hand files.

Conclusion: Within the limitations of this review, it can be asserted that rotary file systems are superior to hand files in primary teeth for pulpectomy procedures.

Clinical significance: Rotary files, a more recent technique, are more efficient than traditional hand files in lowering the time required for instrumentation. Additionally, they provide superior obturation quality in primary molars, making them particularly beneficial for pediatric patients.

How to cite this article: Gala UP, Kalaskar R, Vinay V, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Effectiveness of Rotary and Hand File Systems in Terms of Quality of Obturation and Instrumentation Time among Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(8):962-969.

Background: Efforts have been made to minimize pain, prevent the development of needle fear, and promote positive experiences for children. The present study is designed to evaluate the effect of premedication with Ibugesic Plus before the administration of local anesthesia and extraction in children.

Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the efficacy of preemptive analgesia on pain perception during local anesthesia administration and extraction in pediatric patients.

Materials and methods: A total of 104 patients aged 7-10 years were selected who needed primary molar extraction. Group -Ibugesic Plus syrup was given 30 minutes prior to extraction. Group II-Placebo solution (B-Folcin syrup) was given 30 minutes prior to extraction. Pain level, pulse rate, and SpO₂ were assessed using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBFS) and pulse oximeter after injection, after extraction, and postoperatively.

Results: The highest scores of pain were recorded after the time of injection and extraction. The patients who received preemptive analgesics (group I) reported significantly less pain than the placebo group (group II) at the time immediately after injection, after extraction, and 2 hours after extraction.

Conclusion: The present study showed that preemptive analgesic administration may be considered a routine and rational pain management strategy in primary tooth extraction procedures in children.

Clinical significance: Preemptive analgesia can be given to patients prior to dental procedures to reduce postoperative pain.

How to cite this article: Virda M, Panda A, Kataria K. Effect of Preemptive Analgesia on Pain Perception in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(8):913-917.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency in expectant mothers is very common in India. As a consequence, the possibility of hypoplasia of teeth and resultant propensity for faster progression of early childhood caries (ECC) is expected to be higher in Indian children.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between prenatal vitamin D intake of mothers and dental caries experience in their preschool children, and whether vitamin D deficiency in mothers could be a risk factor for tooth decay in their children.

Design: This cross-sectional study included 120 mothers of children aged up to 71 months with dental caries attending the Department of Pediatric Dentistry in India. Mothers were surveyed about their prenatal vitamin D intake and their practices regarding vitamin D and sunlight exposure. Children were clinically examined, and their caries status was recorded using the decayed, extracted, filled teeth (deft) index.

Results: Data were analyzed descriptively and correlated using an independent t-test. Binary logistic regression was employed to predict the effects of the duration of sun exposure and vitamin D deficiency on dental decay. The correlation of mothers' prenatal vitamin D intake was significantly associated weekly with children's caries experience. Their sun exposure (p = 0.002) and practices adopted (p = 0.0001) regarding vitamin D levels were statistically significant for children's caries status. Improper brushing frequency was also significantly associated with higher deft scores.

Conclusion: The association between mothers' prenatal vitamin D intake and health practices related to vitamin D with dental caries was not confirmed. Subjects with vitamin D deficiency and their children had significantly higher odds of developing dental decay. However, our findings suggest that 25-hydroxyvitamin D insufficiency may be a risk factor for developing dental caries in children.

How to cite this article: Kalra G, Kumar Y, Langpoklakpam C, et al. Relationship between Maternal Prenatal Vitamin D Status and Early Childhood Caries in Their Children: A Cross-sectional Survey. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(8):860-863.

Aims and background: Breastfeeding is the gold standard nutrition for infants. However, the inability of infants to latch on, maternal complaints of sore or painful nipples, and insufficient milk supply frequently result in early breastfeeding cessation. Hence, milk has subsequently been replaced by infant formula milks of high quality, which serve as an alternate source of nutrition for infants. There also has been a rising concern among parents and caretakers regarding the cariogenic potential of the various milk formulas available in the market due to the presence of fermentable carbohydrates in them, leading to an increase in nursing caries or early childhood caries. Hence, this study aims to comparatively evaluate the acidogenic potential of four different milk formulas based on dental plaque pH, salivary pH, and buffering capacity.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the acidogenic potential of various infant milk formulas using three main parameters of measurement of caries: evaluation of salivary pH, plaque pH, and buffering capacity.Baseline plaque and salivary pH and postconsumption plaque pH and salivary pH were assessed after 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, and 60 minutes in 60 healthy children (15 in each study group) aged 7-12 years after rinsing with group I (lactose-based), group II (soy-based), group III (protein hydrolysate-based), and group IV (iron-based) milk formulas. The pH was assessed using a precalibrated digital pH meter. Plaque pH was also further assessed based on its buffering capacity.

Results: Soy-based and protein hydrolysate-based milk formulas were found to be most cariogenic in both saliva and plaque. Lactose-based formulas were found to be the least cariogenic of all the milk formulas.

Conclusion: Parents and caretakers must be made aware of the various types of milk formulas available, their composition, as well as their relative cariogenic nature. Feeding should always be supervised, and infants should not be left with milk-containing bottles as comforters. Milk feeds at bedtime, when salivary flow is reduced, should be discouraged. Dentists and pediatricians should be aware of the caries-related risk associated with different milk formulas before recommending them to children.

Clinical significance: Knowledge and awareness among parents and caretakers regarding the cariogenicity of various milk formulas available in the market.

How to cite this article: Mahanta A, Yadav G, Saha S, et al. A Comparative Evaluation of the Acidogenic Potential of Lactose-based, Soy-based, Protein Hydrolysate-based, and Iron-based Milk Formulas Based on Dental Plaque pH, Salivary pH, and Buffering Capacity: An In Vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(8):851-859.

Aim and background: In presurgical infant orthopedics, nasoalveolar molding (NAM) therapy has gained more popularity worldwide in treating patients with cleft lip and palate because of its soft tissue nasal corrections in addition to the alignment and close approximation of the cleft alveolar segments, which gives better postsurgical stability and esthetics with minimal tissue tension and scar formation to the patients.The clinical case report aims to show the better post-NAM results, which had helped to gain better postsurgical results in terms of stability and aesthetics in hard and soft tissues.

Case description: This clinical report presents the case of a 9-day-old female patient reported in the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics at Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital with nonsyndromic complete left-sided unilateral cleft lip and palate with a defect size of 13 mm, which was treated with a presurgical nasoalveolar molding (PNAM) appliance. NAM therapy takes advantage of circulating maternal estrogen, bringing pliability to the cartilage cells for presurgical cartilage molding. This has resulted in the closure of the alveolar defect from 13 mm to <2 mm in the present case, with nasal symmetry restoration due to nasal stent within 12 weeks of active treatment; hence, the postsurgical esthetics are maintained.

Conclusion: NAM therapy remained beneficial and had significant aesthetic results in reducing the cleft defect size. Because of this, it gained a big surgical advantage in reducing tissue tension, primary stability, and scar formation.

Clinical significance: By reducing the cleft defect size of the dysplastic maxillae, which brings the lip segments and alveolar segments closer to each other, it thus reduces the defect size for primary lip and palate repair. This serves as the biggest advantage for maxillofacial and plastic surgeons to maintain the posttreatment results with redefined aesthetics and symmetry.

How to cite this article: Taori KP, Niranjane P, Kamble R. Presurgical Nasoalveolar Molding and Columella Lengthening for Early Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Rehabilitation: A Comprehensive Clinical Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(8):955-961.

Aims and background: Midazolam is commonly used as a preanesthetic medication for behavior management of children. The current study is conducted to find out the effect of midazolam through nasal and oral routes as a premedicament in pediatric patients treated under general anesthesia. The main aims of the study were: to compare the effect of oral syrup and intranasal spray as preanesthetic medication; to record the undesirable side effects of midazolam by both routes.

Materials and methods: The patients aged 2-6 years of either sex were randomly divided into two equal groups of 30 each-group I: oral; group II: intranasal.

Results: The oral and intranasal routes of midazolam were found to be equally effective and provided adequate sedation for easy separation from the parents and cooperation from children during the induction of anesthesia with minimal side effects.

Conclusion: Based on the study results, we can conclude that both oral and intranasal midazolam can be used as preanesthetic medication for pediatric dental patients treated under general anesthesia.

Clinical significance: In pediatric patients, the oral route should be preferred for midazolam premedication in comparison to the intranasal route.

How to cite this article: Swati, Shah RK, Tandon S, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Oral and Intranasal Administration of Midazolam as Preanesthetic Medication in Pediatric Dental Patients Treated under General Anesthesia. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(8):881-886.

Aim and background: The orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning are the fundamental goals during the mixed dentition period. Numerous methods have been proposed to date. The study was designed to determine the mesiodistal (MD) widths of the lower permanent canines and premolars from Tanaka and Johnston, regression equation (RE) proposed for north Indian population (RE-NIP), Bernabé and Flores-Mir C, Moyers', and Ling and Wong mixed dentition analysis (MDA) and to determine the correlation coefficients for the Eluru population.

Materials and methods: The study population was selected using cluster random sampling. A total of 3,572 children were clinically examined from the Outpatient Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, St Joseph Dental College and Hospital, Eluru district, Andhra Pradesh. Out of these, 140 children aged 11-16 years were randomly selected for the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The MD width of permanent incisors, canines, premolars, and molars was measured with the help of a digital vernier caliper; summed up and compared with the above-mentioned REs. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS version 22, employing Student's t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results: The RE-NIP underestimated the values, whereas the remaining equations overestimated the sum of permanent canines and premolars in both arches in the study population.

Conclusion: The predicted values obtained from the abovementioned methods overestimated the actual values, and a new RE for the Eluru population should be suggested to better represent the size of unerupted canines and premolars.

Clinical significance: Measuring the MD widths of the upper and lower permanent incisors and molars during the mixed dentition period from different REs will help a pedodontist in proper treatment planning to predict the MD width of unerupted canines and premolars.

How to cite this article: Kanaparthi S, Done V, P Madu GS, et al. Pertinence of Five Different Regression Equations of Mixed Dentition Analysis in West Godavari District Children: A Comparative Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(8):871-876.

Background: Children are more prone to develop gingivitis as a result of deficient oral hygiene, morphological variance, and a diet that encourages the growth of pathogenic oral bacteria.

Aim: The purpose of this randomized, double-blind clinical study is to compare the therapeutic effect of an herbal mouthwash made of decoction and ethanolic extract of Populus euphratica and Myrtus communis to that of chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthrinse.

Materials and methods: In this study, 60 patients aged between 8 and 10 years were divided into four groups, each with 15 patients. The first group was treated with a mouthwash made of ethanolic herbal extract, the second group was treated with a mouthwash made of herbal decoction, the third group was treated with CHX mouthwash (0.12%) (positive control), and the fourth group was treated with a placebo made with colored distilled water (negative control). Clinical parameters gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI) were evaluated at the start, 1, and 2 weeks from ensuing the treatment. Preoperative and postoperative photographs of the maxillary anterior sextant were recorded to evaluate CIELab coordinates to monitor color changes.

Statistical analysis: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's honest significant difference (HSD) post hoc tests were used for data assessment.

Results: Significant reductions in GI and PI were found among the tested groups (p < 0.05). A significant reduction in a* value was observed, while L* value showed a significant increase between baseline and posttreatment (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Herbal-based mouthwash of Populus euphratica and Myrtus communis, whether prepared by boiling or ethanolic extraction, reduced gingival inflammation significantly and has a lot of potential for treating and preventing periodontal disease in young children. Digital photography is a reliable supplementary approach for diagnosing and monitoring gingival inflammation in pediatric patients.

How to cite this article: Mohamed-Ali SF, Jasim AA, Mahmood MAK, et al. The Efficacy of Populus euphratica and Myrtus communis Herbal Mouthwash on Gingivitis in Pediatric Patients Diagnosed Clinically and with Photometric CIELab Analysis: An In Vivo Randomized Double-blind Clinical Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(8):918-924.

Introduction: Pediatric rotary systems have the advantage of improved canal centricity and conservative canal preparation with better obturation quality. Pro AF Baby Gold and Pedoflex files are two exclusive pediatric rotary file systems that were introduced in recent times.

Aim and objective: The aim of the present study is to compare and evaluate the dentine thickness, centering ability, canal transportation, and instrumentation time of Pro AF Baby Gold and Pedoflex files using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and methods: A total of 40 extracted human primary molar teeth with a minimum 7 mm root length were included in the study and randomly divided into two groups: group I, Pro AF Baby Gold; group II, Pedoflex files. Teeth were imaged preoperatively with CBCT, then root canal preparation was done in both groups with respective files, followed by postoperative CBCT imaging to evaluate the dentin thickness, centering ability, and canal transportation of both groups. Instrumentation time was noted using a stopwatch.

Results: There is a statistically significant difference in the instrumentation time; Pedoflex took a shorter time when compared to Pro AF Baby Gold files. Regarding canal transportation, there was no significant difference between the two files, with Pedoflex showing a better value than the other files. Regarding centering ability, there was no significant difference between the two files, with Pro AF Baby Gold having a better value than the other files (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: From the findings of our present study, it was found that both systems were able to effectively shape curved root canals in terms of canal transportation and centering ability.

How to cite this article: Busi S, PJ N, Deoghare A, et al. Evaluation and Comparison of Dentin Thickness, Centering Ability, Canal Transportation, and Instrumentation Time of Pro AF Baby Gold and Pedoflex Files in Primary Root Canals Using a Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Analysis: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(8):892-897.