Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2846
Anshula N Deshpande, Vijay P Mathur, Gauri S Lele, Latha Nirmal, Sonali Saha, M S Muthu, Nikhil Marwah, Richa Khanna, Latha Anandakrishna
The aims of dental professional courses are to prepare dental healthcare providers to manage common dental diseases, perform surgeries, and offer prevention. They should also be equipped to understand the needs of the society they are serving and willing to amend their skills. As they are expected to be a part of a team providing health care, they should have the requisite leadership and managerial skills for leading the team to serve its objectives in the best possible way. Thus, with changing times, there is a need to bring reforms in dental curricula. Traditional classroom teaching is now shifting to a competency-based education system across the globe. The Dental Council of India (DCI), as a dental health regulator in the country, implements reforms periodically in an attempt to further strengthen the training process and bring quality improvement in dental education. A process of redesigning the curriculum started a couple of years ago. The technical team supporting this work brainstormed the need for such reforms and studied the existing pattern of undergraduate curricula in other developed countries. It was found that many countries are following outcome-based teaching-learning methods. There are several institutions and professional associations proposing recommendations on curricular reforms, and India also suggests following the same. The new education policy (NEP) of the Government of India (GoI) is also in sync with the changes proposed to the DCI. Though such changes are challenging and require time to strategize and implement, it is essential to have reforms in curriculum, especially related to methods of teaching-learning and assessment, and for this, the dental faculty needs to be trained.
How to cite this article: Deshpande AN, Mathur VP, Lele GS, et al. Identifying Needs and Preparing for Curriculum Changes in Indian Dental Education. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):842-850.
牙科专业课程的目的是培养牙科保健提供者管理常见牙科疾病、实施手术和提供预防的能力。他们还应了解所服务社会的需求,并愿意修正自己的技能。由于他们是提供保健服务的团队中的一员,因此应具备必要的领导和管理技能,带领团队以最佳方式实现目标。因此,随着时代的变化,有必要对牙科课程进行改革。目前,全球传统的课堂教学正在向以能力为基础的教育体系转变。印度牙科理事会(DCI)作为该国的牙科健康监管机构,定期实施改革,试图进一步加强培训过程,提高牙科教育质量。重新设计课程的工作始于几年前。支持这项工作的技术团队集思广益,认为有必要进行此类改革,并研究了其他发达国家本科课程的现有模式。结果发现,许多国家都在采用基于成果的教学方法。一些机构和专业协会提出了课程改革建议,印度也建议采取同样的做法。印度政府(GoI)的新教育政策(NEP)也与对 DCI 提出的改革建议保持一致。虽然这种改革具有挑战性,需要时间来制定战略和实施,但课程改革,特别是与教学和评估方法有关的改革是必不可少的,为此,需要对牙科教师进行培训:Deshpande AN, Mathur VP, Lele GS, et al.Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):842-850.
{"title":"Identifying Needs and Preparing for Curriculum Changes in Indian Dental Education.","authors":"Anshula N Deshpande, Vijay P Mathur, Gauri S Lele, Latha Nirmal, Sonali Saha, M S Muthu, Nikhil Marwah, Richa Khanna, Latha Anandakrishna","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aims of dental professional courses are to prepare dental healthcare providers to manage common dental diseases, perform surgeries, and offer prevention. They should also be equipped to understand the needs of the society they are serving and willing to amend their skills. As they are expected to be a part of a team providing health care, they should have the requisite leadership and managerial skills for leading the team to serve its objectives in the best possible way. Thus, with changing times, there is a need to bring reforms in dental curricula. Traditional classroom teaching is now shifting to a competency-based education system across the globe. The Dental Council of India (DCI), as a dental health regulator in the country, implements reforms periodically in an attempt to further strengthen the training process and bring quality improvement in dental education. A process of redesigning the curriculum started a couple of years ago. The technical team supporting this work brainstormed the need for such reforms and studied the existing pattern of undergraduate curricula in other developed countries. It was found that many countries are following outcome-based teaching-learning methods. There are several institutions and professional associations proposing recommendations on curricular reforms, and India also suggests following the same. The new education policy (NEP) of the Government of India (GoI) is also in sync with the changes proposed to the DCI. Though such changes are challenging and require time to strategize and implement, it is essential to have reforms in curriculum, especially related to methods of teaching-learning and assessment, and for this, the dental faculty needs to be trained.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Deshpande AN, Mathur VP, Lele GS, <i>et al.</i> Identifying Needs and Preparing for Curriculum Changes in Indian Dental Education. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):842-850.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11451925/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Among the vast categorization of gingival lesions and overgrowths, the term "reactive hyperplastic lesions" is used to describe certain pathologies reactionary to underlying systemic conditions, local irritants, or trauma. It is emphasized in the literature that treatment planning for all such pathologies includes surgical excision by one means or another. However, an exception is to be made in cases where adhering to the conventional method can be very difficult but at the same time prove favorable for the patient. The present case report aims to showcase an unusual case of localized inflammatory gingival hyperplasia mimicking a reactive pyogenic granuloma in an 11-year-old boy with cerebral palsy. The management and the outcome miraculously favored the nonsurgical approach in dealing with such a gingival lesion.
How to cite this article: Negi S, Singhal R, Kant K, et al. Reactive Gingival Hyperplasia Mimicking Pyogenic Granuloma: A Nonsurgical Management in Cerebral Palsy Patient. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):812-814.
{"title":"Reactive Gingival Hyperplasia Mimicking Pyogenic Granuloma: A Nonsurgical Management in Cerebral Palsy Patient.","authors":"Shefali Negi, Ruchi Singhal, Krishan Kant, Anisha Kakran, Himani Kaushik, Ritu Namdev","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among the vast categorization of gingival lesions and overgrowths, the term \"reactive hyperplastic lesions\" is used to describe certain pathologies reactionary to underlying systemic conditions, local irritants, or trauma. It is emphasized in the literature that treatment planning for all such pathologies includes surgical excision by one means or another. However, an exception is to be made in cases where adhering to the conventional method can be very difficult but at the same time prove favorable for the patient. The present case report aims to showcase an unusual case of localized inflammatory gingival hyperplasia mimicking a reactive pyogenic granuloma in an 11-year-old boy with cerebral palsy. The management and the outcome miraculously favored the nonsurgical approach in dealing with such a gingival lesion.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Negi S, Singhal R, Kant K, <i>et al.</i> Reactive Gingival Hyperplasia Mimicking Pyogenic Granuloma: A Nonsurgical Management in Cerebral Palsy Patient. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):812-814.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11451923/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: A paradigm shift from surgical to medical approach for caries management has popularized silver diamine fluoride (SDF) as a preventive and interim caries arrest medicament. Few studies conducted have explored the effect of curing light on SDF's microbial property, its penetration, and effect on dentin. However, there is a research gap regarding the effect of different intensities of curing light on SDF performance.
Aim: To determine the effect of different curing light intensities on SDF penetration depth and dentin hardness in carious lesions of primary molars.
Materials and methods: Silver diamine fluoride was applied on 30 extracted carious primary molars. Teeth were randomly allocated into three groups-(1) control group, no light curing after application of SDF; (2) light curing of SDF with low intensity (1000 mW/cm2); and (3) light curing of SDF with high intensity (2500 mW/cm2). A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was performed to check ion penetration after 1 week, and a Vickers hardness test was used to assess dentin hardness of both infected and affected dentin layers at 1-week and 1-month intervals. Based on the distribution of data, parametric and nonparametric tests were applied. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 was used for statistical analysis. The level of significance was set at 5%.
Results: Silver diamine fluoride penetrated beyond the carious lesion in all three groups. The mean silver ion precipitation in infected dentin in group III (16.90 ± 0.68) was maximum, whereas it was found to be minimum in group II (7.31 ± 0.63). The mean fluoride ion precipitation in affected dentin in group III (4.06 ± 0.41) was highest and least in group II (3.09 ± 0.58). A considerable increase in mean dentin hardness of infected dentin was observed in all three groups (214.00 ± 89.06, 218.00 ± 75.17, 231.00 ± 98.86, respectively; p < 0.001) after 1 month.
Conclusion: Applying SDF to carious lesions using a high-intensity dental curing light induced more silver ion precipitation in infected dentin and increased its hardness.
How to cite this article: Bhatt R, Patel M, Thakkar A, et al. Effect of Curing Light with Different Intensities on the Penetration of Silver and Fluoride Ions and Dentin Hardness in Primary Carious Molars Following Silver Diamine Fluoride Application: A Comparative Microscopic Ex Vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):766-772.
{"title":"Effect of Curing Light with Different Intensities on the Penetration of Silver and Fluoride Ions and Dentin Hardness in Primary Carious Molars Following Silver Diamine Fluoride Application: A Comparative Microscopic <i>Ex Vivo</i> Study.","authors":"Rohan Bhatt, Megha Patel, Aakanxa Thakkar, Chhaya Patel, Disha Makwani, Foram Patel","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A paradigm shift from surgical to medical approach for caries management has popularized silver diamine fluoride (SDF) as a preventive and interim caries arrest medicament. Few studies conducted have explored the effect of curing light on SDF's microbial property, its penetration, and effect on dentin. However, there is a research gap regarding the effect of different intensities of curing light on SDF performance.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the effect of different curing light intensities on SDF penetration depth and dentin hardness in carious lesions of primary molars.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Silver diamine fluoride was applied on 30 extracted carious primary molars. Teeth were randomly allocated into three groups-(1) control group, no light curing after application of SDF; (2) light curing of SDF with low intensity (1000 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>); and (3) light curing of SDF with high intensity (2500 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>). A scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis was performed to check ion penetration after 1 week, and a Vickers hardness test was used to assess dentin hardness of both infected and affected dentin layers at 1-week and 1-month intervals. Based on the distribution of data, parametric and nonparametric tests were applied. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 was used for statistical analysis. The level of significance was set at 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Silver diamine fluoride penetrated beyond the carious lesion in all three groups. The mean silver ion precipitation in infected dentin in group III (16.90 ± 0.68) was maximum, whereas it was found to be minimum in group II (7.31 ± 0.63). The mean fluoride ion precipitation in affected dentin in group III (4.06 ± 0.41) was highest and least in group II (3.09 ± 0.58). A considerable increase in mean dentin hardness of infected dentin was observed in all three groups (214.00 ± 89.06, 218.00 ± 75.17, 231.00 ± 98.86, respectively; <i>p</i> < 0.001) after 1 month.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Applying SDF to carious lesions using a high-intensity dental curing light induced more silver ion precipitation in infected dentin and increased its hardness.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Bhatt R, Patel M, Thakkar A, <i>et al.</i> Effect of Curing Light with Different Intensities on the Penetration of Silver and Fluoride Ions and Dentin Hardness in Primary Carious Molars Following Silver Diamine Fluoride Application: A Comparative Microscopic <i>Ex Vivo</i> Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):766-772.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11451911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2909
Amit K Khera, Pradeep Raghav, Pankaj Wadhwa
Class II malocclusion is the most common issue encountered in orthodontic practice. Myofunctional appliances are the most effective treatment option for skeletal class II malocclusion in growing age. Twin block is the most commonly used removable functional appliance, although its success is dependent upon patient compliance. The aim of this article is to present an effective modification of the conventional twin block appliance that can be used as an alternative to the fixed functional appliance in noncompliant skeletal class II patients with mandibular retrusion.
How to cite this article: Khera AK, Raghav P, Wadhwa P. Mini-fixed Twin Block Appliance: An Alternative to Fixed Functional Appliance in Noncompliant Class II Patients. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):815-821.
二类错颌畸形是正畸实践中最常见的问题。肌功能矫治器是治疗成长期骨骼类 II 型错颌畸形最有效的方法。双阻滞是最常用的可摘功能矫治器,但其成功与否取决于患者的依从性。本文旨在介绍一种对传统双阻滞矫治器的有效改良方法,该方法可作为固定功能矫治器的替代品,用于下颌后缩的不依从骨骼II类患者:Khera AK, Raghav P, Wadhwa P. Mini-fixed Twin Block Appliance:非顺应性 II 类患者固定功能矫治器的替代方案。Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):815-821.
{"title":"Mini-fixed Twin Block Appliance: An Alternative to Fixed Functional Appliance in Noncompliant Class II Patients.","authors":"Amit K Khera, Pradeep Raghav, Pankaj Wadhwa","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Class II malocclusion is the most common issue encountered in orthodontic practice. Myofunctional appliances are the most effective treatment option for skeletal class II malocclusion in growing age. Twin block is the most commonly used removable functional appliance, although its success is dependent upon patient compliance. The aim of this article is to present an effective modification of the conventional twin block appliance that can be used as an alternative to the fixed functional appliance in noncompliant skeletal class II patients with mandibular retrusion.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Khera AK, Raghav P, Wadhwa P. Mini-fixed Twin Block Appliance: An Alternative to Fixed Functional Appliance in Noncompliant Class II Patients. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):815-821.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11451910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2895
Akash R Chowdhury, Neerja Singh, Monika Rathore
Background: Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is one of the most common developmental disturbances that dental practitioners encounter, which may influence the child's quality of life and can impact their future dental health.
Aim: To determine prevalence and treatment needs of MIH in children of Lucknow.
Materials and methods: A total of 800 children aged 7 to 9 years were clinically screened for the presence of MIH. All demographic details were filled in by the examiner in communication with the parents, and examination was performed using the Würzburg MIH concept.
Results: The overall prevalence of MIH in the children examined was 5.12%. A higher prevalence was found in males (7%) than in females (3.25%). The distribution of MIH was higher in the mandibular arch than in the maxillary arch. Mandibular molars were the most affected teeth, followed by maxillary incisors, and the least affected teeth were maxillary molars. On the basis of severity, 55.14% of teeth with MIH had no breakdown or hypersensitivity followed by 30.14% of teeth with hypersensitivity but no breakdown, and 7.35% of teeth had both hypersensitivity and breakdown. Based on severity, in 39.70% of teeth, the intervention suggested was fluoridated toothpaste, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) remineralizing agent, and varnish application. This was followed by the application of sealants and low-viscosity glass ionomer cement (GIC) in 38.97% of teeth, and in 7.35% of teeth, short- and long-term restorations, including stainless steel crown (SSC), were recommended.
Conclusion: Prevalence of 5.12% was observed in children of Lucknow city. The characteristics of MIH defects were predictive of the treatment of the affected first permanent molars and incisors and can guide their management.
How to cite this article: Chowdhury AR, Singh N, Rathore M. Molar Incisor Hypomineralization: Prevalence and Treatment Needs in 7- to 9-year-old Children of Lucknow City. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):790-795.
{"title":"Molar Incisor Hypomineralization: Prevalence and Treatment Needs in 7- to 9-year-old Children of Lucknow City.","authors":"Akash R Chowdhury, Neerja Singh, Monika Rathore","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2895","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is one of the most common developmental disturbances that dental practitioners encounter, which may influence the child's quality of life and can impact their future dental health.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine prevalence and treatment needs of MIH in children of Lucknow.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 800 children aged 7 to 9 years were clinically screened for the presence of MIH. All demographic details were filled in by the examiner in communication with the parents, and examination was performed using the Würzburg MIH concept.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of MIH in the children examined was 5.12%. A higher prevalence was found in males (7%) than in females (3.25%). The distribution of MIH was higher in the mandibular arch than in the maxillary arch. Mandibular molars were the most affected teeth, followed by maxillary incisors, and the least affected teeth were maxillary molars. On the basis of severity, 55.14% of teeth with MIH had no breakdown or hypersensitivity followed by 30.14% of teeth with hypersensitivity but no breakdown, and 7.35% of teeth had both hypersensitivity and breakdown. Based on severity, in 39.70% of teeth, the intervention suggested was fluoridated toothpaste, casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) remineralizing agent, and varnish application. This was followed by the application of sealants and low-viscosity glass ionomer cement (GIC) in 38.97% of teeth, and in 7.35% of teeth, short- and long-term restorations, including stainless steel crown (SSC), were recommended.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prevalence of 5.12% was observed in children of Lucknow city. The characteristics of MIH defects were predictive of the treatment of the affected first permanent molars and incisors and can guide their management.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Chowdhury AR, Singh N, Rathore M. Molar Incisor Hypomineralization: Prevalence and Treatment Needs in 7- to 9-year-old Children of Lucknow City. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):790-795.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11451921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2905
Pranshu Varshney, Saima Y Khan, Mahendra K Jindal, Yasser Azim, Aditi Bhardwaj, Vinod Kumar
<p><strong>Aim of study: </strong>The goal of this paper is to find an association between the staining capacity of dental restorations used in pediatric patients and food items and to develop an optimum model to predict the most informative factor that causes the highest amount of color change through machine learning algorithms.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Color changes in restorative materials occur as a result of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as the type of restorative material, food items used, polished status of the material, and time interval.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was an "<i>in vitro</i> study" conducted at Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. The study included 200 specimens, that is, 40 in each group A (orange juice), group B (Amul Kool Café), group C (Pepsi), group D (Amul Kesar Milk), and group E (artificial saliva). The materials were glass ionomer cement (GIC), resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC), microhybrid composite resin, and nanohybrid composite resin. These were further divided into polished and unpolished groups. The optimum modeling of the prediction of color change in materials by different effective factors was done by machine learning decision tree. We applied two algorithms: Chi-square automatic interaction detector (CHAID) and classification and regression tree (CART). In prediction modeling in the decision tree by CHAID and CART, color change is taken as the dependent variable, and group (type of restorative material), food items, time interval, and polished status are taken as independent variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The various beverages caused significant color variation due to different pigmentation agents. The agent that caused the highest color change was Kool Café. The Kesar Milk had the lowest pigmentation capacity. The greatest color variation was found on Glasionomer FX-II submerged in Pepsi and the least on Ivoclar Te-Econom Plus in Kesar Milk. The mean absolute error for the training dataset in the CART model and CHAID model is 0.379 and 0.332, and for the testing data set, it is 0.398 and 0.333, respectively. Therefore, the prediction of color change by the CHAID model is optimum, and we found that the restorative materials have a maximum predictor importance of 0.86 (86%), time interval 0.07 (7%), food items 0.04 (4%), and polished status has the least importance, that is, 0.03 (3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The staining capacity of restorative material highly depends on the material itself, the initial time interval, and least on the food items used.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The clinical performance of dental restorations could be affected by various beverages consumed by children. This study thus provides important clinical insights into esthetic dentistry by offering valuable information on long-term color stability and the effect of polishing on common esthetic restorative materials us
{"title":"Quantification of Color Variation of Various Esthetic Restorative Materials in Pediatric Dentistry.","authors":"Pranshu Varshney, Saima Y Khan, Mahendra K Jindal, Yasser Azim, Aditi Bhardwaj, Vinod Kumar","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of study: </strong>The goal of this paper is to find an association between the staining capacity of dental restorations used in pediatric patients and food items and to develop an optimum model to predict the most informative factor that causes the highest amount of color change through machine learning algorithms.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Color changes in restorative materials occur as a result of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as the type of restorative material, food items used, polished status of the material, and time interval.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was an \"<i>in vitro</i> study\" conducted at Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. The study included 200 specimens, that is, 40 in each group A (orange juice), group B (Amul Kool Café), group C (Pepsi), group D (Amul Kesar Milk), and group E (artificial saliva). The materials were glass ionomer cement (GIC), resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC), microhybrid composite resin, and nanohybrid composite resin. These were further divided into polished and unpolished groups. The optimum modeling of the prediction of color change in materials by different effective factors was done by machine learning decision tree. We applied two algorithms: Chi-square automatic interaction detector (CHAID) and classification and regression tree (CART). In prediction modeling in the decision tree by CHAID and CART, color change is taken as the dependent variable, and group (type of restorative material), food items, time interval, and polished status are taken as independent variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The various beverages caused significant color variation due to different pigmentation agents. The agent that caused the highest color change was Kool Café. The Kesar Milk had the lowest pigmentation capacity. The greatest color variation was found on Glasionomer FX-II submerged in Pepsi and the least on Ivoclar Te-Econom Plus in Kesar Milk. The mean absolute error for the training dataset in the CART model and CHAID model is 0.379 and 0.332, and for the testing data set, it is 0.398 and 0.333, respectively. Therefore, the prediction of color change by the CHAID model is optimum, and we found that the restorative materials have a maximum predictor importance of 0.86 (86%), time interval 0.07 (7%), food items 0.04 (4%), and polished status has the least importance, that is, 0.03 (3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The staining capacity of restorative material highly depends on the material itself, the initial time interval, and least on the food items used.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>The clinical performance of dental restorations could be affected by various beverages consumed by children. This study thus provides important clinical insights into esthetic dentistry by offering valuable information on long-term color stability and the effect of polishing on common esthetic restorative materials us","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11451913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims and background: To evaluate and compare pain perception with Septoject XL and conventional needles in 6-8 years old children.
Materials and methods: In this split-mouth randomized controlled trial, a single-blinded study, 24 children (6-8 years) were assigned at random to receive the local anesthetic (LA) injection for treatment needs either with Septoject XL or conventional needle for the first visit in one of the quadrants, while during the second visit in a different quadrant with the other one. Children's pain levels were assessed during each visit using an objective sound eye motor (SEM) scale and subjective Wong-Baker faces rating scale (FRS).
Results: The mean objective score rating using SEM for the conventional needle (3.8 ± 2.35) and Septoject XL needle (3.3 ± 2.01) was not found to be statistically significant among the two study groups Septoject XL or conventional needle (Z score-0.996, p = 0.3). Using the Wilcoxon test, the mean subjective rating score was not found to be statistically significant among the two study groups [Z score = 0.636 and p-value = 0.524, nonsignificant (NS)]. In the gender-wise comparison of male (n =15), (6.8667 ± 91548) and female (n = 9), (6.8889 ± 1.05409), NS mean ages of male and female study participants was observed (p = 0.873).
Conclusion: Statistically, NS difference was observed in the pain perception while administration of LA using Septoject XL or conventional needle in 6-8-year-old children.
Clinical significance: This research can be useful in the selection of the gauge of the needle to be used while planning the treatment for different behavior groups.
{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Pain Perception with Conventional and Septoject XL Needle in 6-8-year-old Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Sukhdeep Singh, Dhirja Goel, Neha Awasthi, Yanina Singh, Priyanka Sachdeva, Chhaya Kumar, Neha Padung","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2897","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims and background: </strong>To evaluate and compare pain perception with Septoject XL and conventional needles in 6-8 years old children.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this split-mouth randomized controlled trial, a single-blinded study, 24 children (6-8 years) were assigned at random to receive the local anesthetic (LA) injection for treatment needs either with Septoject XL or conventional needle for the first visit in one of the quadrants, while during the second visit in a different quadrant with the other one. Children's pain levels were assessed during each visit using an objective sound eye motor (SEM) scale and subjective Wong-Baker faces rating scale (FRS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean objective score rating using SEM for the conventional needle (3.8 ± 2.35) and Septoject XL needle (3.3 ± 2.01) was not found to be statistically significant among the two study groups Septoject XL or conventional needle (<i>Z</i> score-0.996, <i>p</i> = 0.3). Using the Wilcoxon test, the mean subjective rating score was not found to be statistically significant among the two study groups [<i>Z</i> score = 0.636 and <i>p</i>-value = 0.524, nonsignificant (NS)]. In the gender-wise comparison of male (<i>n</i> =15), (6.8667 ± 91548) and female (<i>n</i> = 9), (6.8889 ± 1.05409), NS mean ages of male and female study participants was observed (<i>p</i> = 0.873).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Statistically, NS difference was observed in the pain perception while administration of LA using Septoject XL or conventional needle in 6-8-year-old children.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>This research can be useful in the selection of the gauge of the needle to be used while planning the treatment for different behavior groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11451908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2892
Urvi P Gala, Ritesh R Kalaskar
Background: Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome (MIS) in the post-coronavirus disease (COVID) scenario is recognized in the pediatric population worldwide. However, no case report features jaw bone necrosis caused by self-mutilating injury noted during COVID treatment.
Case description: This report is of a 5-year-old child affected by COVID. During the course of treatment, she presented with MIS and was treated with steroids and oxygen therapy. She was observed to have cardiac and gastrointestinal disorders. However, some psychiatric impairment caused her to pull out her lower anterior teeth, thus acting as an injury to the tissue and causing osteomyelitis. This necrotic bone tissue was excised surgically, and due to the loss of teeth, prosthetic rehabilitation was performed for the patient.
Conclusion: This unique presentation of post-COVID manifestations of self-mutilating injury is alarming for the pediatric population.
How to cite this article: Gala UP, Kalaskar RR. Unique Oral and Behavioral Manifestations of Post-COVID Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in a 5-year-old Child: A Rare Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):829-832.
{"title":"Unique Oral and Behavioral Manifestations of Post-COVID Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in a 5-year-old Child: A Rare Case Report.","authors":"Urvi P Gala, Ritesh R Kalaskar","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome (MIS) in the post-coronavirus disease (COVID) scenario is recognized in the pediatric population worldwide. However, no case report features jaw bone necrosis caused by self-mutilating injury noted during COVID treatment.</p><p><strong>Case description: </strong>This report is of a 5-year-old child affected by COVID. During the course of treatment, she presented with MIS and was treated with steroids and oxygen therapy. She was observed to have cardiac and gastrointestinal disorders. However, some psychiatric impairment caused her to pull out her lower anterior teeth, thus acting as an injury to the tissue and causing osteomyelitis. This necrotic bone tissue was excised surgically, and due to the loss of teeth, prosthetic rehabilitation was performed for the patient.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This unique presentation of post-COVID manifestations of self-mutilating injury is alarming for the pediatric population.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Gala UP, Kalaskar RR. Unique Oral and Behavioral Manifestations of Post-COVID Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in a 5-year-old Child: A Rare Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):829-832.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11451917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2866
Ibtisam Moafa, Alhassen Jafer, Mayada Almashnawi, Ismaeel Hedad, Shaker Hakami, Meshal Zaidan, Abdulrahman A Kaabi, Huthyfah Abulqasim, Mohammed Jafer
Background: Graduates of the Bachelor of Dental Surgery program meet the qualifications set by Saudi universities and pass the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties License Examination to practice dentistry. However, ambiguity persists concerning their preparedness for private dentistry. This study explored how dental graduates perceive their readiness to operate in the private sector.
Materials and methods: A qualitative study was conducted by interviewing dental graduates from different dental schools across Saudi Arabia using a semistructured interview guide with convenience sampling until thematic saturation was achieved. All interviews were verbatim transcribed and analyzed manually by two researchers working independently using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis approach.
Results: A total of 35 participants from Saudi dental schools across five distinct regions (North, South, East, West, and Central) were included in the study. Data analysis revealed four prominent themes believed to influence participants' readiness for private practice: (1) communication skills-concerns regarding proficiency in areas crucial for ensuring patient satisfaction, (2) technical management skills-uncertainty in aspects such as practice setup and dental insurance, (3) pedagogical curriculum design-primarily tailored to public sector roles, and (4) legal and ethical issues-concerns about legal and ethical issues intrinsic to dental practice.
Conclusion: The transition of Saudi dental graduates into private practice is influenced by multiple obstacles, encompassing factors related to their knowledge and skills in patient communication, technical management, education curriculum design, and familiarity with legal intricacies.
Clinical significance: Exploring dental graduates' perceptions in relation to private practice is clinically significant as it highlights specific areas, including communication skills, where effective communication with both children and parents is paramount in private dentistry; technical management; curriculum adaptation; and legal/ethical awareness, where targeted interventions can enhance the quality and safety of dental care provided in private practice. These insights can lead to improvements in dental education and practice management, ultimately benefiting both dentists and patients in the private dental sector.
How to cite this article: Moafa I, Jafer A, Almashnawi M, et al. Transitioning to Private Dental Practice: An In-depth Exploration of Dental Graduates' Perspectives in Saudi Arabia. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):777-782.
背景:牙科手术学士学位课程的毕业生符合沙特大学规定的资格要求,并通过了沙特卫生专业委员会的执业牙医执照考试。然而,他们对私营牙科行业的准备情况仍不明确。本研究探讨了牙科毕业生如何看待自己是否做好了在私营部门开展业务的准备:本研究采用半结构化访谈指南,对沙特阿拉伯不同牙科学校的牙科毕业生进行了访谈,直到达到主题饱和为止。所有访谈均由两名独立工作的研究人员采用布劳恩和克拉克的主题分析方法进行逐字记录和人工分析:共有来自沙特五个不同地区(北部、南部、东部、西部和中部)牙科学校的 35 名参与者参与了研究。数据分析揭示了四个被认为影响参与者为私人诊所做好准备的突出主题:(1)沟通技能--对确保患者满意度的关键领域的熟练程度的担忧,(2)技术管理技能--在诊所设置和牙科保险等方面的不确定性,(3)教学课程设计--主要针对公共部门的角色,以及(4)法律和伦理问题--对牙科诊所固有的法律和伦理问题的担忧:结论:沙特牙科毕业生向私人诊所的过渡受到多重障碍的影响,其中包括与他们在患者沟通、技术管理、教育课程设计和熟悉复杂法律方面的知识和技能有关的因素:探索牙科毕业生对私人诊所的看法具有重要的临床意义,因为它突出了一些特定领域,包括沟通技巧,在私人牙科诊所,与儿童和家长的有效沟通至关重要;技术管理;课程调整;以及法律/道德意识,有针对性的干预措施可以提高私人诊所提供的牙科护理的质量和安全性。这些见解可以改善牙科教育和实践管理,最终使私人牙科领域的牙医和患者受益:Moafa I, Jafer A, Almashnawi M, et al:沙特阿拉伯牙科毕业生观点的深入探讨》。Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):777-782.
{"title":"Transitioning to Private Dental Practice: An In-depth Exploration of Dental Graduates' Perspectives in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Ibtisam Moafa, Alhassen Jafer, Mayada Almashnawi, Ismaeel Hedad, Shaker Hakami, Meshal Zaidan, Abdulrahman A Kaabi, Huthyfah Abulqasim, Mohammed Jafer","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Graduates of the Bachelor of Dental Surgery program meet the qualifications set by Saudi universities and pass the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties License Examination to practice dentistry. However, ambiguity persists concerning their preparedness for private dentistry. This study explored how dental graduates perceive their readiness to operate in the private sector.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A qualitative study was conducted by interviewing dental graduates from different dental schools across Saudi Arabia using a semistructured interview guide with convenience sampling until thematic saturation was achieved. All interviews were verbatim transcribed and analyzed manually by two researchers working independently using Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 35 participants from Saudi dental schools across five distinct regions (North, South, East, West, and Central) were included in the study. Data analysis revealed four prominent themes believed to influence participants' readiness for private practice: (1) communication skills-concerns regarding proficiency in areas crucial for ensuring patient satisfaction, (2) technical management skills-uncertainty in aspects such as practice setup and dental insurance, (3) pedagogical curriculum design-primarily tailored to public sector roles, and (4) legal and ethical issues-concerns about legal and ethical issues intrinsic to dental practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The transition of Saudi dental graduates into private practice is influenced by multiple obstacles, encompassing factors related to their knowledge and skills in patient communication, technical management, education curriculum design, and familiarity with legal intricacies.</p><p><strong>Clinical significance: </strong>Exploring dental graduates' perceptions in relation to private practice is clinically significant as it highlights specific areas, including communication skills, where effective communication with both children and parents is paramount in private dentistry; technical management; curriculum adaptation; and legal/ethical awareness, where targeted interventions can enhance the quality and safety of dental care provided in private practice. These insights can lead to improvements in dental education and practice management, ultimately benefiting both dentists and patients in the private dental sector.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Moafa I, Jafer A, Almashnawi M, <i>et al.</i> Transitioning to Private Dental Practice: An In-depth Exploration of Dental Graduates' Perspectives in Saudi Arabia. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):777-782.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11451912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2946
Satish Vishwanathaiah, Prabhadevi C Maganur, Hussain M Khabrany, Khalid Bajawi, Taghreed A Madkhali, Ethar A Ali, Mohammed A Namazi, Haitham Zaylaee, Mohammed Ajeely, Loai Alhadri, Qasem Gazwani
Aim: To evaluate and compare the effect of fruit juice (orange) and cola drink (noncarbonated) on the surface texture of composite (3M ESPE Filtek Bulk Fill) and glass ionomer cement (GIC) (ChemFil Superior).
Materials and methods: A total of eighty pellets each were prepared with composite (3M ESPE Filtek Bulk Fill) and GIC (ChemFil Superior) material using a brass mold with an inner diameter of 3 mm and a thickness of 3 mm according to the manufacturer's instructions. Around 10 pellets of each material were placed in airtight plastic containers. The baseline surface texture value was obtained by profilometer. An 8-day immersion regime was carried out according to Maupome et al. After the 8-day test period, pellets were reevaluated for surface texture final value. The values were statistically analyzed.
Results: A statistically significant lower surface roughness of composite restorative material was observed when treated with high-concentration orange juice and medium-concentration. Conversely, a statistically significant lower surface roughness of GIC restorative material was observed when it was treated with the low-concentration group, high-concentration orange juice, and medium-concentration orange juice.
Conclusion: The surface roughness patterns of restorative materials increased as the number of immersion regimes increased.
How to cite this article: Vishwanathaiah S, Maganur PC, Khabrany HM, et al. Erosive Effect of Canned Juices and Soft Drinks on Surface Roughness of Restorative Materials Used in Pediatric Dentistry: An Ex Vivo Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):807-811.
目的:评估和比较果汁(橙汁)和可乐饮料(非碳酸饮料)对复合材料(3M ESPE Filtek Bul Fill)和玻璃离子粘结剂(GIC)(ChemFil Superior)表面质地的影响:按照生产商的说明,使用内径 3 毫米、厚度 3 毫米的黄铜模具,用复合材料(3M ESPE Filtek Bul Fill)和玻璃离子粘结剂(ChemFil Superior)各制备了 80 个颗粒。每种材料约有 10 粒,放置在密闭的塑料容器中。表面纹理基线值由轮廓仪获得。按照 Maupome 等人的方法进行了为期 8 天的浸泡试验。结果:结果:据统计,使用高浓度橙汁和中等浓度橙汁处理的复合修复材料表面粗糙度较低。相反,用低浓度组、高浓度橙汁和中等浓度橙汁处理 GIC 修复材料时,其表面粗糙度在统计学上显著降低:结论:随着浸泡次数的增加,修复材料的表面粗糙度模式也随之增加:Vishwanathaiah S, Maganur PC, Khabrany HM, et al. Canned Juices and Soft Drinks Erosive Effect on Surface Roughness of Restorative Materials Used in Pediatric Dentistry:一项体内外研究。Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):807-811.
{"title":"Erosive Effect of Canned Juices and Soft Drinks on Surface Roughness of Restorative Materials Used in Pediatric Dentistry: An <i>Ex Vivo</i> Study.","authors":"Satish Vishwanathaiah, Prabhadevi C Maganur, Hussain M Khabrany, Khalid Bajawi, Taghreed A Madkhali, Ethar A Ali, Mohammed A Namazi, Haitham Zaylaee, Mohammed Ajeely, Loai Alhadri, Qasem Gazwani","doi":"10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate and compare the effect of fruit juice (orange) and cola drink (noncarbonated) on the surface texture of composite (3M ESPE Filtek Bulk Fill) and glass ionomer cement (GIC) (ChemFil Superior).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of eighty pellets each were prepared with composite (3M ESPE Filtek Bulk Fill) and GIC (ChemFil Superior) material using a brass mold with an inner diameter of 3 mm and a thickness of 3 mm according to the manufacturer's instructions. Around 10 pellets of each material were placed in airtight plastic containers. The baseline surface texture value was obtained by profilometer. An 8-day immersion regime was carried out according to Maupome et al. After the 8-day test period, pellets were reevaluated for surface texture final value. The values were statistically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant lower surface roughness of composite restorative material was observed when treated with high-concentration orange juice and medium-concentration. Conversely, a statistically significant lower surface roughness of GIC restorative material was observed when it was treated with the low-concentration group, high-concentration orange juice, and medium-concentration orange juice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The surface roughness patterns of restorative materials increased as the number of immersion regimes increased.</p><p><strong>How to cite this article: </strong>Vishwanathaiah S, Maganur PC, Khabrany HM, <i>et al.</i> Erosive Effect of Canned Juices and Soft Drinks on Surface Roughness of Restorative Materials Used in Pediatric Dentistry: An <i>Ex Vivo</i> Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(7):807-811.</p>","PeriodicalId":36045,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11451915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}