International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry最新文献

Background: Ginger is a natural herbal extract that has many medicinal properties. It has been found that it has the presence of calcium and fluoride content. There is minimal evidence in the literature assessing the remineralization potential of ginger extracts; hence, the present systematic review was planned.

Aim: This systematic review assesses the effect of ginger extracts on the remineralization of white spot lesions.

Methodology: Database search was done using PubMed, SCOPUS, LILIAC, Google Scholar, and from January, 2000 to August, 2024. The studies assessing the remineralization effects of ginger by evaluating the change in mineral content, surface hardness, and color were included for review. The risk of bias in the included studies was evaluated using the ROBINS-I tool. Meta-analysis was done using RevMan 5.4 software. Cochran's test was used to assess heterogeneity, and the pooled effect estimate was calculated by the random effects model.

Results: A total of 578 articles were screened, of which five full-text studies met the eligibility criteria. Among these, two studies were classified as having a low risk of bias, while three were identified as having a high risk of bias. Two studies evaluating microhardness were included in the meta-analysis, which revealed that the ginger groups demonstrated a greater improvement in microhardness compared to the control group.

Conclusion: Ginger can potentially be an alternative remineralization agent for white spot lesions.

Clinical significance: This review addresses the effectiveness of ginger extracts as a natural alternative in remineralizing white spot lesions.

How to cite this article: Kannan S, Thoppe Dhamodharan YK, Ravichandran H, et al. Effect of Ginger Extracts in Remineralization of White Spot Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(12):1512-1516.

Aim: Adenomatoid odontogenic tumor (AOT) is a slow-growing, rare lesion that arises from the odontogenic epithelium. It predominantly involves the bone that supports teeth and exhibits different levels of inductive alterations within the connective tissue.

Case description: A 10-year-old female presented with a missing lower left front tooth since birth. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed an odontogenic neoplasm with respect to the retained deciduous teeth. Under local anesthesia, enucleation of the lesion was carried out followed by application of Carnoy's solution. The diagnosis of AOT was established based on histopathological examination. Two-year follow-up orthopantomograms (OPG) revealed good healing with no signs of recurrence, and permanent successors had successfully erupted.

Conclusion: The methodology employed in this study ensured nonrecurrence of the lesion and facilitated the successful eruption of the impacted teeth. Although the recurrence rate was relatively low, the need for periodic follow-up cannot be overstated.

Clinical significance: Early diagnosis and conservative surgical management of AOT are crucial to prevent complications and ensure proper eruption of permanent teeth. The use of adjunctive therapy like Carnoy's solution may aid in minimizing recurrence, highlighting the importance of regular follow-up.

How to cite this article: Priya K, Shetty YR, Saha S, et al. Carnoy's Solution for the Management of a Pediatric Patient with Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumor: A Case Report with 2-year Follow-up. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(12):1507-1511.

Purpose: Fluoride is essential for protecting the teeth from dental caries. The combined use of lasers with fluoride is being explored to increase the fluoride uptake of the tooth after topical fluoride application. The present research aimed to assess the efficacy of diode laser irradiation in enhancing fluoride uptake in primary teeth enamel following topical fluoride application.

Methods: A total of 14 primary teeth (70 enamel slabs) were selected for the study. From each primary tooth, five enamel slabs were made and were put randomly into five different groups, that is, group I: control (no treatment), group II: NaF varnish (sodium fluoride), group III: SDF (silver diamine fluoride), group IV: NaF varnish with laser irradiation, and group V: SDF with laser irradiation. NaF varnish (5%) and SDF (38%) were topically applied in groups II and III, respectively, without laser irradiation, while in groups IV and V diode laser was used following NaF varnish (5%) and SDF (38%) application, respectively. Fluoride content was measured in all groups using a scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) analysis. Results were analyzed using the t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, followed by Bonferroni corrections.

Results: Increased fluoride content was found in groups II, III, IV, and V in comparison to group I. Higher fluoride content was noted in NaF varnish with laser irradiation and SDF with laser irradiation groups in contrast to NaF varnish and SDF groups, respectively; however, the difference between NaF varnish and NaF varnish with laser irradiation groups as well as between SDF and SDF with laser irradiation groups was statistically insignificant (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The SDF with laser application group was found to be the most effective in increasing the fluoride content of the enamel, and the sequence of effectiveness is as follows: SDF with laser application > SDF ≥ NaF with laser application > NaF > control. Therefore, more in vitro and in vivo studies need to be conducted to evaluate the combined use of lasers and topical fluoride.

How to cite this article: Bhati V, Srivastava VK. Effect of Laser Irradiation on Fluoride Uptake in Primary Teeth Treated with 38% Silver Diamine Fluoride or 5% Sodium Fluoride Varnish: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(12):1418-1425.

Aim: To evaluate tooth discoloration after the use of different antibiotic pastes and to examine the effect of intracoronal bleaching on discolored crown.

Materials and methods: Single-rooted maxillary central incisors were collected and sectioned to obtain a standardized root length of 10 mm above the facial cementoenamel junction (CEJ). The specimens were then randomly divided into five groups (n = 11 for each group)-Group A: No filling (control group); Group B: triple antibiotic paste (TAP) with minocycline (MINO); Group C: TAP with doxycycline; Group D: TAP with amoxicillin; and Group E: TAP with clindamycin (CLIN).Spectrophotometric readings were obtained on the buccal surfaces of the crown. Color changes (ΔE) were recorded after 4 weeks, then the antibiotic pastes were removed, and an internal bleaching treatment was performed. After bleaching treatment, color changes (ΔE) were measured. The quantitative variables were evaluated using an unpaired t-test. The qualitative variables were compared using the Chi-square test. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 was used for analysis.

Result: From baseline (preshade) to 1 month, the greatest discoloration occurred with the triple-antibiotic combination, followed by the amoxicillin-doxycycline combination, and the least discoloration occurred in the CLIN group; these differences were statistically significant. After 1 week of placement of the bleaching agent, when compared to baseline, the color change was statistically significant in all groups except CLIN.

Conclusion: The discoloration caused by the TAP with MINO showed greater whitening compared to the TAP with doxycycline and amoxicillin groups. The least color change was seen in the antibiotic combination with CLIN group.

How to cite this article: Kaur A, Srivastava H, Raisingani D, et al. Spectrophotometric Analysis of Intracoronal Bleaching on Crown Discoloration Induced by Various Antibiotic Pastes: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(12):1443-1447.

Aim and background: Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by vascular abnormalities affecting the brain, skin, and eyes. The condition presents significant medical and developmental challenges, often requiring multidisciplinary management to address its complex medical and dental manifestations.

Case description: This case report highlights the oral rehabilitation of a 9-year-old male child diagnosed with SWS under general anesthesia (GA), emphasizing a holistic and structured treatment plan. The child presented with characteristic traits of SWS, comprising port-wine stains (PWS), episodes of seizures, developmental delays, behavioral and psychological issues, along with dental abnormalities. Team collaboration, along with integrated dental treatments, effectively addressed these challenges.

Conclusion: This report expands the existing understanding of SWS management, showcasing the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary strategy in addressing the complex needs of individuals with the condition.

Clinical significance: The limited research on SWS highlights the need for documenting rare cases to improve knowledge and refine treatment approaches. Sharing effective management strategies enables clinicians to provide better care for individuals with this uncommon condition.

How to cite this article: Zacharias L, Dutta K, Shetty V. Multidisciplinary Approach to Comprehensive Dental Care in Sturge-Weber Syndrome: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(12):1493-1497.

Background: Toothbrushes are crucial for oral hygiene, but improper storage and maintenance can lead to contamination, posing risks of dental and systemic diseases. Educating children and parents on proper toothbrush care is essential to prevent contamination and promote good oral health.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess knowledge on toothbrush use and storage among parents and children, educate on proper management, evaluate the microbial load and storage site relationship, and assess the outcome of an educational program on toothbrush practices.

Materials and methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted among 60 children (7-9 years) and their parents in three phases: baseline knowledge assessment, microbial load analysis of used toothbrushes, and evaluation of an educational program's effectiveness through a follow-up survey.

Results: The study found a significant reduction in microbial load on toothbrushes and improvement in knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding proper toothbrush use and storage among children and parents after the educational intervention.

Conclusion: Educational programs can significantly improve knowledge and attitudes toward proper toothbrush use and storage. Dentists play a crucial role in promoting good oral hygiene practices, and regular toothbrush disinfection is essential for preventing infections and maintaining overall health.

Clinical significance: This study highlights the importance of proper toothbrush storage and maintenance in preventing contamination and promoting oral and systemic health, particularly through targeted education for parents and children.

How to cite this article: Shaban PA, Pai KR, KP ML, et al. Evaluation of Effectiveness of an Educational Intervention Program on the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Use and Storage of Toothbrush among Parents and Children. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(12):1426-1430.

Aim: This randomized, parallel-group study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of acupressure using the Aculief device compared to xylitol solution in minimizing pain perception during the delivery of local anesthesia (LA) in patients aged 6-9 years.

Methods: Fifty-four children were randomly allocated to either the Aculief group (n = 27) or the xylitol group (n = 27). In the Aculief group, the device was applied to the LI4 acupoint for 3 minutes before giving LA. In the xylitol group, participants received 2 mL of a 30% xylitol solution applied to the side of the tongue over a 2-minute period. Pain perception was recorded utilizing the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale, while pulse rate and SpO₂ were measured both before and after the treatment.

Results: Within the Aculief group, significant differences were observed in mean pulse rate, respiratory rate, and pain scores. In the xylitol group, only pain scores demonstrated a significant difference. Intergroup analysis revealed significant differences in mean pulse rate, SpO₂, and pain scores, but not in respiratory rate.

Conclusion: These results suggest that acupressure using the Aculief device may be more effective than xylitol solution in managing pain and physiological responses during LA administration in pediatric dental patients.

How to cite this article: Pathivada L, Baidya D, Garg N, et al. Evaluating the Impact of Acupressure and Xylitol Solutions on Reducing Pain Perception in Children Undergoing Local Anesthesia Administration. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(12):1448-1453.

Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the microleakage of nanoformulated and conventional glass ionomer cements (GICs) under simulated aging.

Materials and methods: Nanoformulated GIC was synthesized by incorporating chitosan-titanium-zirconia-hydroxyapatite (Ch-Ti-Zr-HA) nanoparticles into GIC powder at concentrations of 3%, 5%, and 10%. The materials were characterized using UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). A total of forty freshly extracted, sound permanent molar teeth were selected for the study and divided into four groups: Group I (3% nanoformulated GIC), group II (5% nanoformulated GIC), group III (10% nanoformulated GIC), and group IV (conventional GIC). Standardized class I cavities were prepared on the occlusal surfaces, restored, and subjected to thermocycling between 5°C and 55°C with a dwell time of 30 seconds in a water bath. To prevent dye penetration, root apices were sealed, and all tooth surfaces-except the restoration and a 1 mm margin around it-were coated with two layers of nail varnish. The specimens were then immersed in a 0.5% methylene blue solution for 24 hours. Following immersion, the teeth were sectioned mesiodistally, and the extent of microleakage was assessed under a stereomicroscope using a predefined scoring system. The collected data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Bonferroni test.

Results: The least microleakage was observed in the 5% and 10% nanoformulated GIC groups, with no statistically significant difference between them (p = 0.699). The 3% nanoformulated GIC and the conventional GIC (control group) exhibited similar performance, with no significant difference. However, compared to the control group, both 5% and 10% nanoformulated GICs showed superior results, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that incorporating nanotechnology is a valuable approach to enhancing the clinical performance of GIC. 5% and 10% nanoformulated GIC containing Ch-Ti-Zr-HA demonstrates significant potential as a restorative material, offering microleakage resistance superior to conventional GIC.

How to cite this article: Alex A, Paulraj J, Ngoubinah Pretty TM, et al. Comparative Assessment of Microleakage in Nanoformulated and Conventional Glass Ionomer Cement under Simulated Aging: A Stereomicroscopic Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(12):1471-1477.

Administering local anesthesia (LA) in children is a critical aspect of minimizing pain and anxiety during medical and dental procedures. However, the prolonged postanesthetic numbness often poses unique challenges in children, leading to several problems. This review highlights pediatric anesthesia management by investigating the application of photobiomodulation (PBM) for the efficient and safe reversal of LA effects. PBM, a low-level laser therapy (LLLT), has gained momentum of late for its therapeutic potential in various dental applications. Emphasizing the safety and noninvasiveness of PBM, the optimal parameters, including wavelength, energy density, and duration, tailored to the unique requirements of pediatric patients, are taken into consideration. Furthermore, the psychosocial aspects of pediatric anesthesia reversal using PBM, considering the potential impact on anxiety levels, postprocedural discomfort, and overall patient cooperation, are addressed. This review explores the promising landscape of utilizing PBM to revolutionize pediatric postanesthetic care, contributing to a paradigm shift in recovery of even the youngest members of our patient population.

How to cite this article: Meharwade P, Mothi P, Honakeri KS, et al. From Numbness to Comfort: Pioneering Pediatric Anesthesia Reversal with Photobiomodulation. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(12):1526-1529.

Aims and background: The increasing prevalence of dental caries highlights the need for effective diagnostic tools. Advances in e-learning and hybrid methods offer promising solutions to improve dental education and assessment. The study aimed to assess which learning method (e-learning, tutorial, and a combination of both) garnered a better response among clinical dental students for the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) and International Caries Classification and Management System (ICCMS).

Materials and methods: A sample of 90 dental students in the third, fourth, and final years of their dental education was selected to take part in the study, which was conducted in three phases. The learners were requested to answer a set of 15 questions given in a booklet, following which they were grouped into three groups (I, II, and III) by randomization: Group I (e-learning), group II (tutorial), and group III (e-learning + tutorial). Three weeks later, the groups were re-evaluated using the same set of questions. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare pre- and posttest scores across the three learning groups.

Results: On comparing the three groups, there appears to be a substantial difference among all three groups, with group III showing a better significance than groups I and II.

Conclusion: Though the use of all three learning strategies showed an improved performance by the dental students, it was the use of a combination of e-learning and tutorial that produced a better outcome compared to the other two.

Clinical significance: Blended learning enhances dental students' proficiency in ICDAS and ICCMS, emphasizing its efficacy in clinical education.

How to cite this article: Sriram S, Perumal S, Nirmal L, et al. Impact of Teaching Strategies on Caries Detection and Management. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2025;18(12):1466-1470.